JPS5853343A - Manufacture of end plate provided with branch pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simultaneously provide sufficient thickness and quality to a branch pipe part, by exerting forging to a material which becomes an end plate body part, by means of extrusion working, simultaneously bulging a branch pipe formation scheduled part, and exerting forging, making a beforehand hole of the branch pipe by means of pierce-working. CONSTITUTION:A lumplike blank 12' consisting of a curved surface part 14 and a plane part 15 is set onto a die 8 with the curved surface 14 down. Subsequently, a bulge part 17 is formed by dropping an extrusion punch 16 set right above a die recessed part 8', and extruding a material into the die recessed part 8'. Subsequently, the bulge part 17 is pierced by a piercing punch 18 whose outside diameter is smaller than the inside diameter of a product end plate pipe-making part 3 by a finishin allowance portion, and simultaneously a bulge part outside surface 17' is run along the inside surface of the die recessed part 8'. In the end, other part than a product is cut so that a product end plate body 2 and the branch pipe part having the same inside contour dimensions, also heat treatment is executed as necessary, and after that, groove working is executed to a body part end face 2' and a branch pipe part end face 3'.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は枝管付鏡板の製造方法に関し、なかんずく高圧
力下で使用される厚肉の枝管付鏡板の製造に好適な方法
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a head plate with a branch pipe, and more particularly to a method suitable for manufacturing a thick head plate with a branch pipe that is used under high pressure.

第１図は枝管付鏡板の基本形状と使用例を示したもので
ある。枝管付鏡板（１）はキャップ状の本体部（２）と
、本体底部に突出せしめた枝管部（３）とからなり、両
者の境界部（４）はクロッチ部と呼ばれる。Figure 1 shows the basic shape and usage examples of the end plate with branch pipes. The end plate with a branch pipe (1) consists of a cap-shaped main body part (2) and a branch pipe part (3) projecting from the bottom of the main body, and the boundary part (4) between the two parts is called a crotch part.

図には本体部（２）を圧力容器筒胴部（５）に、枝管部
（３）を配管（６）にそれぞれ溶接接続して使用する例
が示されている。The figure shows an example in which the main body (2) is welded to the pressure vessel body (5) and the branch pipe (3) is welded to the pipe (6).

枝管付鏡板（１）の製造方法としては、４２図（ａ）に
示す如く、底部を開口させたキャップ状本体（２）に管
状の枝管（３）を溶接接続する方法が最も簡便であるが
、強度的に最も重要なりロツチ部（４）に溶接線がくる
ため、高圧力容器用鏡板の製造方法としては好ましくな
く、代シに同図（ｂ）に示す如く、本体部（２）と枝管
部（３）とを一体に成形する方法が採られる〇 一体構造の枝管付鏡板の製造方法としては、第３図（ａ
）〜（ｃ）に示すバーリング加工法、第４図（ａ）（ｌ
のに示す鍛造加工法が代表的である。As shown in Fig. 42(a), the simplest method for manufacturing the end plate with branch pipes (1) is to weld and connect the tubular branch pipes (3) to the cap-shaped main body (2) with an open bottom. However, since the weld line is located at the locking part (4), which is most important in terms of strength, it is not preferred as a manufacturing method for head plates for high pressure vessels. ) and the branch pipe part (3) are integrally formed. As for the manufacturing method of the end plate with the branch pipe of integral structure, the method shown in Fig. 3 (a) is adopted.
) to (c), Fig. 4(a)(l)
The forging method shown in is typical.

バーリング加工法では先ず、厚板の深絞り加工あるいは
曲げ加工によって′４３図（ａ）に示す如きキャップ状
の本体部（２）を作製する。次に、本体部（２）の底部
中央に透孔（７）を明けだ後、これを同図（ロ）に如す
如く、枝管外径に略々等しい内径のダイス穴（ｄ）を有
するダイス（８）にセットし、引き続き上方より枝管内
径に略々等しい外径のバーリングポンチ（９）を降下さ
せて同図（ハ）に示す如き枝管部（３）を形成する。In the burring method, first, a cap-shaped main body (2) as shown in FIG. 43(a) is produced by deep drawing or bending a thick plate. Next, after drilling a through hole (7) in the center of the bottom of the main body (2), as shown in the same figure (b), a die hole (d) with an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the branch pipe is formed. Then, a burring punch (9) having an outer diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the branch pipe is lowered from above to form a branch pipe portion (3) as shown in FIG.

また、第４図（ａ）（ｂ）に示す鍛造加工法（特公昭５
５−４８８９４号）では先ず、同図（ａ）に示す如く、
枝管部になる小径部α０と本体部になる大径部（１１）
とよりなる塊状ブランクθのを、製品鏡板本体部外面と
略々同一形状の凹面０■と、枝管部の外径に略々等しい
内径のダイス穴（小とを有するダイス（８）にセットす
る。次に、上方より製品鏡板本体部の内郭形状と略々同
一の外郭形状を有する鍛造ポンチ０４）を降下させて、
同図（１））に示す如くブランク大径部０１）を展伸し
本体部（２）を形成する。そして最後に、ブランク小径
部（１０に穴明加工を施して枝管部（３）を形成する。In addition, the forging process shown in Fig. 4 (a) and (b)
5-48894), first, as shown in Figure (a),
Small diameter part α0 which becomes branch pipe part and large diameter part (11) which becomes main body part
Set the block blank θ consisting of θ into a die (8) having a concave surface 0, which is approximately the same shape as the outer surface of the main body of the product, and a die hole (small) with an inner diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the branch pipe. Next, a forged punch 04) having an outer shape that is approximately the same as the inner shape of the product end plate main body is lowered from above, and
As shown in the figure (1)), the blank large diameter portion 01) is expanded to form the main body portion (2). Finally, a branch pipe part (3) is formed by drilling a hole in the blank small diameter part (10).

しかしながら、これらの方法には次に述べるような欠点
がある。However, these methods have the following drawbacks.

先ず、バーリング加工法は、基本的には透孔（７）を押
し拡げて枝管壁を形成する加工法であり、材料の周方向
の伸び変形は枝管部（３）の管端に近いほど犬である。First, the burring method is basically a processing method that expands the through hole (7) to form a branch pipe wall, and the elongation deformation of the material in the circumferential direction occurs near the pipe end of the branch pipe part (3). It's a dog.

すなわち枝管部（３）は、管端に近い部分はど減肉が大
きく、その結果として第３図（ｃ）に示す如く高さ方向
に偏肉を有する形状となる。そのため、枝管部（３）を
均等肉厚となすには、第３図（Ｃ）に示すダイス穴（Ｆ
３）とバーリングポンチ（９）とのクリアランス（ロ）
を枝管部（３）の管端肉厚以下に設定して、枝管部（３
）全体に厚み方向の圧下がかるようにする必要を生じる
。したがって、バーリング加工法では、必然的に枝管部
（３）の肉厚が薄くならざるを得す、厚肉の枝管部（３
）を必要とする場合には採用し得ないことがある。That is, the branch pipe portion (3) has a large thickness reduction in the portion near the pipe end, and as a result, the branch pipe portion (3) has a shape with uneven thickness in the height direction as shown in FIG. 3(c). Therefore, in order to make the branch pipe part (3) uniformly thick, the die hole (F
Clearance between 3) and burring punch (9) (b)
is set to be less than the pipe end wall thickness of the branch pipe part (3).
) It becomes necessary to apply a reduction in the thickness direction to the entire surface. Therefore, in the burring method, the wall thickness of the branch pipe part (3) inevitably becomes thinner, and the thick branch pipe part (3) inevitably becomes thinner.
), it may not be possible to adopt it.

一方、鍛造加工法は、枝管穴を後で明ける加工法である
ため、バーリング加工法に見るような枝管部（３）の肉
厚上の制約はない。ところが、第４図（ａ）（１））に
示す鍛造加工において鍛練を受けるのは本体部（２）の
みであり、枝管部（３）には殆ど加工が加わらない。そ
の結果、枝管部（３）では結晶粒の細粒化が図られず、
衝撃値等の機械的性質が悪くなるとともに、ブランクそ
のものに巣等があればこれがそのまま残存して、材質的
欠陥が現われ易くなる。On the other hand, since the forging process is a process in which the branch pipe hole is drilled later, there is no restriction on the wall thickness of the branch pipe part (3) as seen in the burring process. However, in the forging process shown in FIG. 4(a)(1)), only the main body portion (2) is forged, and the branch pipe portion (3) is hardly processed. As a result, the grains in the branch pipe section (3) cannot be made finer.
Mechanical properties such as impact value deteriorate, and if there are cavities in the blank itself, they remain as they are, making it more likely that material defects will appear.

したがって、この鍛造加工法では、塊状ブランク（６）
を製造する段階でブランク小径部θ・に十分な鍛練を施
しておくことが必須となり、更に、第４図（ａ）（ｂ）
に示す鍛造工程においてもブランク小径部００の温度を
低目に設定して、結晶粒の粗大化を防止する配慮が必要
となり、全体的に見た場合には製造に多くの手数を要す
ることになる。Therefore, in this forging process, the block blank (6)
It is essential to give sufficient training to the small diameter part θ of the blank at the stage of manufacturing.
Even in the forging process shown in , it is necessary to set the temperature of the small diameter part 00 of the blank to a low value to prevent coarsening of the crystal grains, and overall, it takes a lot of effort to manufacture. Become.

本発明は、上記従来製法の諸欠点を解消した一体形枝管
付鏡板の製造方法を提供しようとするもので、その特徴
とするところは、一体形枝管付鏡板の製造に、枝管部に
も十分な鍛練が加え得る新規な鍛造加工工程をとり入れ
、これにより少ない５− 工数で枝管部に十分な肉厚及び品質を同時に付与し得る
ようにしだ点にある。The present invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing an end plate with an integrated branch pipe that eliminates the various drawbacks of the conventional manufacturing method. Introducing a new forging process that allows sufficient forging to be applied to the pipe, thereby making it possible to simultaneously provide sufficient wall thickness and quality to the branch pipe portion with fewer man-hours.

以下、第５図（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示す具体例に基づいて本
発明の製造方法を詳しく説明する。Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the present invention will be explained in detail based on specific examples shown in FIGS. 5(a) to 5(e).

第５図（ａ）は素材となる塊状ブランク曲を示す。FIG. 5(a) shows a block-shaped blank curved material.

塊状ブランク（２）は、製品鏡板本体部（２）の外郭形
状と事実上同一で、曲面部０荀と平面部α均とからなる
外面を有し、鋼塊の鍛造加工とこれに必要に応じて加え
られる機械加工とにより製作される。The block blank (2) has an outer surface that is virtually the same as the outer shape of the product head plate main body (2), and has an outer surface consisting of a curved surface portion and a flat surface portion, and is suitable for forging of a steel ingot and for this purpose. Manufactured by machining and machining as required.

この具体例によると先ず、同図（ｂ）に示す如く、塊状
ブランクα島を曲面部α→を下にしてダイス（８）にセ
ットする。ダイス（８）には、製品鏡板枝管部（３）の
外郭形状と同一形状の凹み部（ル）が設けられており、
塊状ブランク曲面部α→の枝管形成予定位置はこの凹み
部（ｄ）のところに位置させる。According to this specific example, first, as shown in FIG. 6(b), a block-like blank α island is set in a die (8) with the curved surface α→ facing down. The die (8) is provided with a recessed part (ru) having the same shape as the outer shape of the product head plate branch pipe part (3),
The planned position for forming the branch pipe of the lumpy blank curved surface portion α→ is located at this concave portion (d).

塊状ブランク曲のセットが終ると次に、ダイス凹み部（
ｄ）の直上にセットされた押出しポンチ（ト）を降下さ
せ、同図（Ｃ）に示す如く、材料をダイス凹み部（ｌｉ
）内に押し出し膨出部αカを形成する。このとき、膨出
部ａηがダイス凹み部＜ｔ＞を完全に充填してしま６− 余地を残しておく。もちろん同図（ｃ）の押し出し工程
にてダイス凹み部（ｄ）を完全に充満させ、しかる後製
品枝管穴を切削加工によって明けることも可能であるが
、枝管部に十分な鍛練を加えるという観点からすれば、
押し出し加工に加えて穿孔加工を付与する方が好ましい
ことはいうまでもない。Once the block blank piece is set, the die concave part (
The extrusion punch (g) set directly above the die is lowered, and the material is pushed into the die recess (li) as shown in the same figure (c).
) to form an extruded bulge α. At this time, the bulging portion aη completely fills the die recessed portion <t>, leaving some room. Of course, it is also possible to completely fill the die concave part (d) in the extrusion process shown in FIG. From that point of view,
Needless to say, it is preferable to perform perforation in addition to extrusion.

膨出部０７）が形成されると次に、同図（由に示す如く
、膨出部ａη（厳密には膨出部とその直上部分）を、製
品鏡板枝管部（３）の内径よりも仕上削り部分だけ小さ
い外径の穿孔ポンチθ８）にて穿孔し、同時に膨出部外
面（ｌ′ｉ）をダイス凹み部（１０の内面に沿ったもの
とする。After the bulge 07) is formed, as shown in the figure, the bulge aη (strictly speaking, the bulge and the part directly above it) is removed from the inner diameter of the product end plate branch pipe part (3). A hole is made only in the finish-cut portion using a hole punch θ8) having a smaller outer diameter, and at the same time, the outer surface (l'i) of the bulge is aligned with the inner surface of the die recess (10).

穿孔加工が終ると最後に、同図（ｅ）に（烏で示す製品
以外の部分を切削除去して製品鏡板本体部（２）および
枝管部（３）と同一の内郭寸法を得、更に必要に応じて
熱処理を施した後、本体部端面（勿および枝管部端面（
６）に開先加工を施し製品を得る。Finally, when the drilling process is completed, as shown in Figure (e), the parts other than the product shown by the shading are cut and removed to obtain the same inner dimensions as the product end plate main body (2) and branch pipe part (3). After further heat treatment as necessary, the end face of the main body (of course) and the end face of the branch pipe (
6) is subjected to bevel processing to obtain a product.

本方法では、上記の如く、押し出し加工により鏡板本体
部となる材料に鍛練を加えると同時に枝管形成予定部を
膨出せしめ、更に、穿孔加工により枝管下穴を明けつつ
枝管部となる材料に鍛練を加えることにより枝管部を形
成するから、枝管部の品質を高めることができる。In this method, as described above, the material that will become the end plate main body part is forged by extrusion processing, and at the same time the part where the branch pipe is to be formed is bulged, and further, the branch pipe preparation hole is made by drilling process, and the branch pipe part is formed. Since the branch pipe portion is formed by applying training to the material, the quality of the branch pipe portion can be improved.

本発明の製造方法の基本的な手順は以上のとおりである
が、安定な加工を行うには更にいくつかの条件が要求さ
れる。次に、この加工条件について説明する。Although the basic steps of the manufacturing method of the present invention are as described above, several additional conditions are required to perform stable processing. Next, the processing conditions will be explained.

第６図（ａ）〜（Ｃ）は、第５図に示す方法における材
料移動の基本的な考え方を示しだものである。同図（ａ
）は押し出し工程終了時の状態を示し、第５図（Ｃ）に
対応する。第６図（ａ）において、（■１）は押出しポ
ンチへ・によって排除された材料体積を示し、これは同
図に斜線で示す膨出部０？）の体積に等しい。6(a) to 6(C) illustrate the basic concept of material movement in the method shown in FIG. 5. The same figure (a
) shows the state at the end of the extrusion process and corresponds to FIG. 5(C). In FIG. 6(a), (■1) indicates the volume of material removed by the extrusion punch, which corresponds to the bulge 0? indicated by diagonal lines in the same figure. ) is equal to the volume of

また、（Ｖ２）はこの時点でダイス凹み部（ｄ）内に残
った空間体積を表わしている。そうすると、穿孔工程が
終了した第６図（ｂ）の状態では、同図に鎖線で示す穿
孔ポンチ（至）に゛よって排除された部分の体積が上記
（■２）ということになる。鎖線で示す部分の材料が上
記ダイス凹み部ｔｄ＞の残存空間を満たすからである。Further, (V2) represents the volume of space remaining in the die recess (d) at this point. Then, in the state shown in FIG. 6(b) when the drilling process has been completed, the volume of the portion removed by the drilling punch (to) shown by the chain line in the same figure will be the above (2). This is because the material in the portion indicated by the chain line fills the remaining space of the die recess td>.

したがって、第６図（ｃ）に斜線で示す塊状ブランク０
うに成形された膨出部分の体積をＭとすれば、Ｖ　＝　
Ｖｔ　＋Ｖ２となるから、製品鏡板の枝管部（３）の寸
法に応じて（Ｖｒ　）、（Ｖｌｌ）を決定すればよいこ
とになる。Therefore, the block blank 0 indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. 6(c)
If the volume of the bulging part formed by the sea urchin is M, then V =
Since Vt +V2, it is only necessary to determine (Vr) and (Vll) according to the dimensions of the branch pipe portion (3) of the product end plate.

但し、これらの決定にあたっては更に次の如き注意が必
要である。However, when making these decisions, the following precautions must be taken.

（Ｖｒ　）を決定する主たる要因は、第６図（ａ）にお
ける押出しポンチ径（ＤＩ　）および押出しストローク
（Ｉ（ｌ）である。押出しポンチ径（Ｄｒ　）について
は、製品鏡板本体部（２）の内径（Ｄｉ）　（Ｉｔｓ　
５図（ｅ）参照）より小さく、枝管部（３）の内径（市
）（第５図＜ｅ）参照）より大きい値にとるが、小さく
とりすぎると、第５図（ｅ）の鎖線部０呻の体積が増加
し、本体部（２）の内郭寸法を得るだめの切削工数が増
加する問題を生じる。(Vr) are the extrusion punch diameter (DI) and extrusion stroke (I(l)) in Fig. 6(a). Inner diameter (Di) (Its
(see Figure 5 (e)) and larger than the inner diameter of the branch pipe (3) (see Figure 5 (e)); however, if it is too small, the chain line in Figure 5 (e) This results in a problem in that the volume of the part 0 increases and the number of cutting steps required to obtain the inner dimensions of the main body part (2) increases.

逆に大きくとりすぎて（Ｄｌ）がダイス凹み部（Ｉ３）
の直径（Ｄ２）（枝管部外径）より大きくなった場合に
は、第６図（ａ）の如き前方押出しとはならずに前後方
向の押出しとなり、押出しポンチ０ｅにて排除した材料
の一部が後方へ逃げてしまう。つまり、第７図９− （ａ）に示す如き横方向へのはみ出しくイ）が生じ、後
工程にてこの部分を製品鏡板本体部（２）の外径（Ｄｏ
）に仕上げる必要が生じる。この横方向へのはみ出しは
、第７図（ｂ）に示す如き塊状ブランクａｈの曲面部０
→全体を収容するダイス（８）の使用により防止できる
が、当然のことながら上向きのはみ出し凶のだめに押出
しに要するプレス力が増大し、かつダイス製作コストも
増大することとなる。したがって、押出しポンチ径（Ｄ
りはダイス凹み直径（Ｄ２）に等しいかこれよりやや小
さい値に設定することが望まれる。On the contrary, if it is too large (Dl) is the die concave part (I3)
If the diameter (D2) (outer diameter of the branch pipe part) is larger than the diameter of Some of them run away to the rear. In other words, a protrusion in the lateral direction as shown in FIG.
). This protrusion in the lateral direction is caused by the curved surface 0 of the block blank ah as shown in FIG. 7(b).
→ This can be prevented by using a die (8) that accommodates the entire product, but as a matter of course, the upward protrusion increases the pressing force required for extrusion and increases the die manufacturing cost. Therefore, the extrusion punch diameter (D
It is desirable to set the value to a value that is equal to or slightly smaller than the die recess diameter (D2).

また、第６図（ａ）に示す押出しストローク（Ｈｌ）に
ついては、押出しポンチα→の底部が製品鏡板本体部（
２）の内郭面（ハ）に到達するまでとシ得るが、実際上
はダイス凹み部（ｄ）内の残留空間体積（ｖ２）が、穿
孔工程における材料排除体積に一致するように決定する
ことが必要である。ちなみに、穿孔工程における材料排
除体積は穿孔ポンチ（至）の直径の３）と穿孔ストロー
ク（Ｈ２）とから決まる。In addition, regarding the extrusion stroke (Hl) shown in Fig. 6(a), the bottom of the extrusion punch α→ is
Although it may be possible to reach the inner surface (c) of 2), in reality, the residual space volume (v2) in the die recess (d) is determined so as to match the volume of material removed in the drilling process. It is necessary. Incidentally, the volume of material removed in the drilling process is determined by the diameter of the drilling punch (3) and the drilling stroke (H2).

但し、この場合、穿孔ポンチ直径の３）は、穿孔１０− 後の枝管部分の内郭仕上加工工数を減らすため、第５図
の手順説明のところで述べた如く、製品鏡板枝管部（３
）の内径（市）より仕上残分だけ小さな値とするのがよ
く、穿孔ストローク（ＩＩ２）については、穿孔後の枝
管部分の底部厚み（Ｉ（３）を出来るだけ小さくするよ
うに決定することが望ましい。However, in this case, in order to reduce the number of man-hours for finishing the inner wall of the branch pipe after drilling, the diameter of the punch is 3), as described in the procedure explanation of Fig. 5.
) is better to be smaller than the inner diameter (I) by the amount of the remaining finish, and the drilling stroke (II2) should be determined so that the bottom thickness (I(3)) of the branch pipe after drilling is as small as possible. This is desirable.

なお、第５図乃至第７図の具体例においては、塊状ブラ
ンクＯｂの押出し加工面を平担面（１０としているが、
必要な押出しストローク（Ｈｔ　）を確保できる場合に
は、第８図の如く、押出し加工面に予め凹み（ハ）を設
けておいても良い・ 〔実施例］ 第１表に示す化学成分のステンレス鋼塊を１２００°Ｃ
にて鍛造加工した後、更に切削加工を加えて第９図（ａ
）に示す寸法諸元が下記の塊状ブランクを製作した。In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the extruded surface of the block blank Ob is a flat surface (10).
If the necessary extrusion stroke (Ht) can be secured, a recess (C) may be made in advance on the extrusion surface as shown in Figure 8. [Example] Stainless steel with the chemical composition shown in Table 1 Steel ingot at 1200°C
After forging with
) A block blank with the following dimensions was manufactured.

■）。−６００咽　　　Ｄｉ′−３８０１ＩＩＩＩ＋１
４１　＝７　ｏｒａａ　　　　　ｒｔ　＝３４　ｏｚｍ
次に、この塊状ブランクに１１５０°Ｃにて第５図（１
））〜（ｄ）に示す押出し加工および穿孔加工を施し、
第９図（ｂ）に示す寸法諸元が下記の生成品をつくった
。■). -600 throat Di'-3801III+1
41 =7 oraa rt =34 ozm
Next, this block blank was heated to 1150°C as shown in Figure 5 (1).
)) to (d) are subjected to extrusion processing and perforation processing,
A product with the dimensions shown in FIG. 9(b) was produced as follows.

Ｄｔ　＝３４０１ｍｎＤ２　＝４０９ｍｍＤａ　＝　２
４０８ 最後に、この生成品に切削仕上加工を施して第９図（ｃ
）に示す寸法諸元が下記の製品を得た。Dt = 3401mnD2 = 409mmDa = 2
408 Finally, this product is finished by cutting and finishing as shown in Figure 9 (c
) A product with the following dimensions was obtained.

Ｄｉ＝４６０閣　　　市−２８０朝 そしてこの製品を１１００°Ｃに５時間加熱し、水冷後
、縦断して断面の結晶粒測定および、周方向に切出した
ＪＩ３４号試験片（平行部６胴φ×３０ｍ、標点間距離
２１薗）の引張試験を実施したところ、第２表に示す如
く、押出しおよび穿孔加工によって十分な鍛練９助０え
られた枝管部の品質が特に優れていることを確認した。Di = 460 Kaku City - 280 morning This product was heated to 1100°C for 5 hours, cooled with water, cut longitudinally, measured the crystal grains in the cross section, and cut out in the circumferential direction to JI No. 34 test piece (parallel part 6 cylinder φ × When a tensile test was carried out at a distance of 30 m and a gage distance of 21 mm, it was found that the quality of the branch pipe section, which had been sufficiently trained through extrusion and drilling, was particularly excellent, as shown in Table 2. confirmed.

第　　　　　１　　　　　表 第　　　　　２　　　　表 以北の説明から明らかなように、本発明の製造方法は、
鍛造によるものであるから枝管部に十分な肉厚を付与で
きるばかりでなく、従来の鍛造加工法において問題とな
っていた枝管部の品質悪化を、巧妙な２段鍛造によって
完全に解決し得るから、品質悪化を阻正するために従来
必要とされていた塊状ブランクの予加工や複雑な加熱調
節を一切不用ならしめ、これにて製品価値の高い一体形
枝管付鏡板を簡単に製造し得る効果がある。As is clear from the explanations from Table 1 to Table 2, the manufacturing method of the present invention is as follows:
Since it is forged, it is not only possible to give sufficient wall thickness to the branch pipe, but also the deterioration of quality of the branch pipe, which was a problem with conventional forging processing methods, is completely resolved by clever two-stage forging. This eliminates the need for pre-processing of bulk blanks and complicated heating controls that were conventionally required to prevent quality deterioration, making it easy to manufacture head plates with integrated branch pipes that have high product value. There is a potential effect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は枝管付鏡板の説明図、第２図（ａ）（＋））は
溶接構造および一体構造になる枝管付鏡板の比較説明図
、第３図（ａ）〜（ｃ）および第４図（ａ）（＋））は
従来の一１３一 体形枝管付鏡板の製法説明図、第５図（ａ）〜（ｅ）は
本発明による一体形枝管付鏡板の製法側説明図、第６図
（ａ）〜（Ｃ）は同法における材料移動の説明図、第７
図（ａ）（ｂ）は同法における材料変形の説明図、第８
図は本発明の製法に使用可能な塊状ブランクの説明図、
第９図（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の実施例における材料の
形状変化説明図である。 図中、２：本体部、３：枝管部、８：ダイス、８′：ダ
イス凹み部、■２，１ゼ：塊状ブランク、１６：押出し
ポンチ、１７：膨出部、１９：穿孔ポンチ１４− の口 区　　　　　爬 −３Ｅ　ｌ前 膨Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of a head plate with a branch pipe, Figure 2 (a) (+)) is a comparative illustration of a head plate with a branch pipe that has a welded structure and an integral structure, and Figures 3 (a) to (c) and Fig. 4 (a) (+)) is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing method of a conventional end plate with an integrated branch pipe, and Figs. Figures 6 (a) to (C) are explanatory diagrams of material movement in the same method, and Figure 7
Figures (a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams of material deformation in the same method.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of a block blank that can be used in the manufacturing method of the present invention,
FIGS. 9(a) to 9(c) are explanatory views of changes in the shape of materials in the embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, 2: main body, 3: branch pipe, 8: die, 8': die recess, ■2, 1: block blank, 16: extrusion punch, 17: bulge, 19: punch 14 - Mouth part of the mouth - 3E l anterior swelling

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）本体部と枝管部とが一体構造の鏡板製造方法にお
いて、製品鏡板本体部の外郭形状と略々同一の外郭形状
を有する塊状ブランクを、製品鏡板の本体部から枝管部
へかけての外郭形状と略々同一の内郭形状を有するダイ
スにセットし、この状態で前記塊状ブランクを製品鏡板
本体部内径より小さくかつ好ましくは同枝管部外径より
小さく、かつ同枝管部内径より大きい外径の押出しポン
チにて押圧して枝管形成予定部を、前記ダイスの製品鏡
板枝管部に対応する凹み部内へ膨出させた後、該膨出部
に枝管部内匝より代上代分だけ小さい外径の穿孔ポンチ
による穿孔加工を加えて前記凹み部内に製品枝管部の外
郭形状と略々同一の外郭形状を有する膨出部を形成し、
しかる後、得られ先生成品に切削加工および必要仕上処
理を施して製品となすことを特徴とする枝管付鏡板の製
造方法。(1) In a method for producing a head plate in which the main body and the branch pipe are integrally constructed, a block blank having an outline shape that is approximately the same as the outer shape of the main body of the product head plate is placed from the main body of the product head plate to the branch pipe. In this state, the block blank is set in a die having an inner diameter that is approximately the same as the outer shape of the main body of the product, and preferably smaller than the outer diameter of the branch pipe. After pressing with an extrusion punch with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter to bulge the planned branch pipe forming part into the recess corresponding to the product end plate branch pipe part of the die, the bulge part is inserted into the branch pipe part inner swain. Adding a drilling process using a drilling punch with an outer diameter smaller by the amount of the replacement material to form a bulge in the recessed portion having an outer shape that is approximately the same as the outer shape of the product branch pipe portion,
A method for producing a head plate with a branch pipe, characterized in that the obtained pre-produced product is then subjected to cutting and necessary finishing treatments to produce a product.