JPS5827994B2 - Seawater desalination equipment - Google Patents
Seawater desalination equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5827994B2 JPS5827994B2 JP55112516A JP11251680A JPS5827994B2 JP S5827994 B2 JPS5827994 B2 JP S5827994B2 JP 55112516 A JP55112516 A JP 55112516A JP 11251680 A JP11251680 A JP 11251680A JP S5827994 B2 JPS5827994 B2 JP S5827994B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- seawater
- sunlight
- plate
- seawater desalination
- bottom plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は海水の淡水化装置に関し、より詳細には太陽熱
を利用して海水から水蒸気を発生させ、これを凝縮させ
て淡水を得る装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a seawater desalination device, and more particularly to a device that generates water vapor from seawater using solar heat and condenses it to obtain fresh water.
従来、一般に使用されていた太陽熱利用の海水淡水化装
置は第１図に示すように地上に浅い水盤１を構成し、そ
の上を透明なカラス板２で覆い、海水取入口６より水盤
１に浅く海水３を張り、太陽熱によって海水３を加熱し
、蒸発した水蒸気をガラス板２の裏面で凝縮させ、ガラ
ス板２の裏面を伝わって流下した淡水をトラフ４に集め
、淡水排出口５から取り出し、一方、濃縮した海水を濃
縮海水排出［」７かも排出するようにしたもので・あっ
た。As shown in Fig. 1, conventional seawater desalination equipment using solar heat has been constructed with a shallow basin 1 on the ground, covered with a transparent glass plate 2, and connected to the basin 1 through a seawater intake port 6. A shallow layer of seawater 3 is applied, the seawater 3 is heated by solar heat, the evaporated water vapor is condensed on the back side of the glass plate 2, the fresh water flowing down along the back side of the glass plate 2 is collected in the trough 4, and taken out from the fresh water outlet 5. On the other hand, it was designed to discharge concentrated seawater [7].
しかしながら、かかる淡水化装置では広い面積の水盤１
を水平に設ける必要があり、かつ水盤１を覆つガラス板
２も水蒸気洩れが生じないようなｍＡに施工する必要が
あった。However, in such desalination equipment, the water basin 1 has a large area.
It was necessary to install the glass plate horizontally, and the glass plate 2 covering the water basin 1 also had to be constructed at a mA that would prevent water vapor from leaking.
したがって、このような構造では必然的に現地施工工事
が多くなり、工場で量産化、機械化できる要素は少なく
、ために建設費が極めて高くなるなどの欠点があった。Therefore, this kind of structure inevitably required a lot of on-site construction work, and there were few elements that could be mass-produced or mechanized in factories, resulting in extremely high construction costs.
一方、近年のように急激にエネルギーコストが上昇する
情勢Ｆにおいては、特に淡水を得ることが困難な砂漠あ
るいは離島では太陽エネルギー以外にほとんどエネルギ
ーを必要としない経済的な太陽熱利用淡水化装置の開発
が強く要望されていた。On the other hand, in the situation F where energy costs are rapidly rising as in recent years, the development of economical solar desalination equipment that requires almost no energy other than solar energy, especially in deserts or remote islands where it is difficult to obtain fresh water. was strongly requested.
そこで本発明はかかる現状にかんがみなされたものであ
り、量産化により安価に製造することができ、構造が簡
単であり、かつ集熱した太陽熱の損失を極力抑制して淡
水化効率を高めることができるなどの特徴を右するもの
である。Therefore, the present invention was developed in consideration of the current situation, and can be manufactured at low cost through mass production, has a simple structure, and can increase desalination efficiency by minimizing loss of collected solar heat. It is something that determines characteristics such as being able to do something.
すなわち本発明は太陽熱で海水を加熱することによって
海水に自然対流を起させ、加熱した海水を気液界面へ循
環させて加熱された海水から効率よく水蒸気を発生させ
ることに着目してなされたものである。That is, the present invention was made with a focus on generating natural convection in the seawater by heating the seawater with solar heat, circulating the heated seawater to the gas-liquid interface, and efficiently generating water vapor from the heated seawater. It is.
すなわち本発明の海水の淡水化装置は、太陽光透過性板
状部材、側壁および底板から構成された密閉箱形構造を
有し、その内部に太陽光透過性板状部材から間隔を置い
て太陽光吸収部材を設けると共に、この太陽光吸収部材
の底板側に海水の自然対流を円滑にするための隔壁板を
配置し、かつ海水供給管、濃縮海水排出管および水蒸気
凝縮器を取付けたものである。That is, the seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention has a closed box-like structure composed of a sunlight-transparent plate-like member, a side wall, and a bottom plate, and a solar panel is provided inside the structure at a distance from the sunlight-transparent plate-like member. In addition to providing a light absorbing member, a partition plate is placed on the bottom plate side of the sunlight absorbing member to facilitate natural convection of seawater, and a seawater supply pipe, concentrated seawater discharge pipe, and steam condenser are attached. be.
以下、本発明を図面にもとづき説明する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.
第２図は本発明の実施例を示す断面図であり、太陽光り
に対して適当な迎角で設置した状態を示す。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, which is installed at an appropriate angle of attack with respect to sunlight.
すなわち、本発明の淡水化装置１１は密閉した板状箱形
構造を有し、太陽光透過性板状部材１２、側壁１３、お
よび底板１４から構成されている。That is, the desalination apparatus 11 of the present invention has a closed plate-like box-like structure, and is composed of a sunlight-transmitting plate member 12, a side wall 13, and a bottom plate 14.
そしてこの海水淡水化装置１１はその内部に、太陽光吸
収部材１５が太陽光透過性板状部材１２に沿い、かつ間
隔を置いて設けられ、この太陽光透過性板状部材１２の
底板側には隔壁板１６が取付げられている。Inside the seawater desalination device 11, a sunlight absorbing member 15 is provided along the sunlight-transmitting plate-like member 12 at intervals, and on the bottom plate side of the sunlight-transmitting plate-like member 12. A partition wall plate 16 is attached.
更に、側壁１３には海水供給管１７が設げられ、底板１
４には濃縮海水排出管１８および水蒸気凝縮器１９が取
付けである。Furthermore, a seawater supply pipe 17 is provided on the side wall 13, and a seawater supply pipe 17 is provided on the side wall 13.
4 is attached with a concentrated seawater discharge pipe 18 and a steam condenser 19.
太陽光透過性板状部材１２は通常、透明ガラス、透明ア
クリル樹脂板、透明塩化ビニル板などが用いられ、外部
への無駄な熱損失を防止するために複数枚設けることも
できる。The sunlight-transmitting plate member 12 is usually made of transparent glass, a transparent acrylic resin plate, a transparent vinyl chloride plate, or the like, and a plurality of plates may be provided to prevent wasteful heat loss to the outside.
側壁１３および底板１４は保温性材料２０、たとえば有
機質および無機質断熱材、ガラス、繊維製断熱材などで
外気にふれる面が断熱されている。The sides of the side walls 13 and the bottom plate 14 that are exposed to the outside air are insulated with a heat retaining material 20, such as organic and inorganic heat insulating materials, glass, fiber heat insulating materials, and the like.
太陽光吸収部材１５は平板状あるいは多孔性板状であり
、耐海水性の黒色材料、たとえば無機質および有機質お
よび有機質高分子材料が用いられる。The sunlight absorbing member 15 has a flat plate shape or a porous plate shape, and is made of a seawater-resistant black material, such as an inorganic material, an organic material, and an organic polymer material.
隔壁板１６は後述の如く、太陽熱で加熱された海水の自
然対流を円滑にするためのものであり、好ましくは板状
であるが、これに限定されるものではなく、無機質また
は有機質高分子材料等で形成してあり、太陽光吸収部材
１５に沿って配置しである。As described later, the partition plate 16 is for smoothing the natural convection of seawater heated by solar heat, and is preferably plate-shaped, but is not limited to this, and may be made of an inorganic or organic polymeric material. etc., and is arranged along the sunlight absorbing member 15.
濃縮海水排出管１８は海水供給管１７から供給された海
水が水蒸気凝縮器１９へ流出することを防止し、濃縮し
た海水を適当に排出することにより過度の海水濃縮を防
止して淡水化装置１１の海水面レベルを調節する機能を
有し、また水蒸気凝縮器１９は空冷式または水冷式であ
る。The concentrated seawater discharge pipe 18 prevents the seawater supplied from the seawater supply pipe 17 from flowing out to the steam condenser 19, and prevents excessive seawater concentration by appropriately discharging the concentrated seawater, thereby increasing the desalination equipment 11. The water vapor condenser 19 has the function of adjusting the sea level of the sea level, and the steam condenser 19 is of an air-cooled type or a water-cooled type.
次にかかる淡水化装置の機能について述べる。Next, the functions of such a desalination device will be described.
第３図において、海水供給管１７から蒸発量に見合うだ
けの海水が装置内に供給され、過剰分は濃縮海水排出管
１８から排出される。In FIG. 3, an amount of seawater corresponding to the amount of evaporation is supplied into the apparatus from a seawater supply pipe 17, and the excess amount is discharged from a concentrated seawater discharge pipe 18.
太陽光りは太陽光吸収部材１５に吸収され、海水は次第
に加熱され、やがてゆっくりと自然対流を起し、矢印Ａ
に示すように太陽光透過性板状部材１２に沿って上昇し
、気液界面２１で水蒸気を発生し、隔壁板１６の裏面に
沿って矢印Ｂのように下降する。Sunlight is absorbed by the sunlight absorbing member 15, and the seawater is gradually heated, and eventually natural convection occurs slowly, as indicated by arrow A.
As shown in FIG. 2 , the water rises along the sunlight-transmitting plate-like member 12 , generates water vapor at the gas-liquid interface 21 , and descends as shown by arrow B along the back surface of the partition plate 16 .
発生した水蒸気は蒸気室２２を介して水蒸気凝縮器１９
へ導かれ、空気冷却されて、淡水２３が取り出される。The generated steam is passed through the steam chamber 22 to the steam condenser 19.
The fresh water 23 is extracted by air cooling.
夜間あるいは曇天で太陽光の入射がない場合は、凝縮器
は更に温度が低下するので、海水の顕熱に相当するだけ
の蒸発、凝縮が続き、装置１１中にはゆるやかな対流が
起り、海水の顕熱分だけの淡水が有効に得られる。When there is no sunlight entering the condenser at night or on a cloudy day, the temperature of the condenser drops further, so evaporation and condensation continue to correspond to the sensible heat of the seawater, and a gentle convection occurs in the device 11, causing the seawater to evaporate and condense. Fresh water equivalent to the amount of sensible heat can be effectively obtained.
必要に応じて側壁１３および底板１４をアスベスト等の
適当な保温材で保温し、太陽光透過性板状部材１２を２
重にすれば、無駄な放熱が更に抑制されるので淡水化効
率が更に向上する。If necessary, the side walls 13 and the bottom plate 14 are insulated with a suitable heat insulating material such as asbestos, and the sunlight-transmitting plate member 12 is
If it is made heavier, wasteful heat radiation is further suppressed, and the desalination efficiency is further improved.
かかる本発明の海水の淡水化装置は構造が簡単で現場で
容易に組マしてることができ、かつ二Ｔ−場での量産が
可能なので安価であり、しかも気液界面が狭いので蒸発
した水蒸気の洩れを極力回避することができろ。The seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention has a simple structure and can be easily assembled on site, and can be mass-produced in a two-T field, making it inexpensive.Moreover, the narrow gas-liquid interface prevents evaporation. Avoid water vapor leakage as much as possible.
したがって本発明の装置は水不足になやむ砂漠地帯や離
島において必要な飲料水の供給等に有効に利用すること
ができる。Therefore, the device of the present invention can be effectively used to supply drinking water needed in desert areas and remote islands where water is scarce.
第１図は従来の海水淡水化装置の概要図、第２図および
第３図は本発明の実施例を示し、第２図は構造の概要を
示す構成国、第３図は機能を説明するための説明図であ
る。
１２・・・・・・太陽光透過性板状部材、１３・・・・
・・側壁、１４・・・−・底板、１５・・・・・・太陽
光吸収部材、１６・・・・・・隔壁、１７・・・・・・
海水供給管、１９・・・・・・水蒸気凝縮器。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional seawater desalination device, Figs. 2 and 3 show embodiments of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows the constituent countries showing the outline of the structure, and Fig. 3 explains the functions. FIG. 12... Sunlight transparent plate member, 13...
...Side wall, 14...-Bottom plate, 15...Solar absorption member, 16...Partition wall, 17...
Seawater supply pipe, 19...Steam condenser.
Claims (1)
れた密閉箱形構造を有し、その内部に前記太陽光透過性
板状部材から間隔を置いて太陽光吸収部材を設けると共
に、この太陽光吸収部材の底板側に海水の自然対流を円
滑にするための隔壁板を配置し、かつ海水供給管および
水蒸気凝縮器を取付けたことを特徴とする海水の淡水化
装置。1 It has a closed box-like structure composed of a sunlight-transmitting plate-like member, a side wall, and a bottom plate, and a sunlight-absorbing member is provided inside the structure at a distance from the sunlight-transmitting plate-like member. A seawater desalination device characterized in that a partition plate for smoothing natural convection of seawater is arranged on the bottom plate side of a light absorbing member, and a seawater supply pipe and a steam condenser are attached.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55112516A JPS5827994B2 (en) | 1980-08-14 | 1980-08-14 | Seawater desalination equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55112516A JPS5827994B2 (en) | 1980-08-14 | 1980-08-14 | Seawater desalination equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5735985A JPS5735985A (en) | 1982-02-26 |
| JPS5827994B2 true JPS5827994B2 (en) | 1983-06-13 |
Family
ID=14588596
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55112516A Expired JPS5827994B2 (en) | 1980-08-14 | 1980-08-14 | Seawater desalination equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5827994B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62236560A (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1987-10-16 | テルモ株式会社 | Catheter for repairing blood vessel |
| JPH01171571A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-06 | Yoshiharu Yamawaki | Balloon catheter |
| JPH0255064A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1990-02-23 | Toa O | Skin removal for throm bus in blood vessel using catheter and throm bus removing system in blood vessel using catheter |
| CH676426A5 (en) * | 1988-09-27 | 1991-01-31 | Schneider Shiley Ag | |
| US5820595A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-10-13 | Parodi; Juan C. | Adjustable inflatable catheter and method for adjusting the relative position of multiple inflatable portions of a catheter within a body passageway |
-
1980
- 1980-08-14 JP JP55112516A patent/JPS5827994B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5735985A (en) | 1982-02-26 |
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