JPS5824770Y2 - indicating instrument - Google Patents
indicating instrumentInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5824770Y2 JPS5824770Y2 JP13416378U JP13416378U JPS5824770Y2 JP S5824770 Y2 JPS5824770 Y2 JP S5824770Y2 JP 13416378 U JP13416378 U JP 13416378U JP 13416378 U JP13416378 U JP 13416378U JP S5824770 Y2 JPS5824770 Y2 JP S5824770Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- resistor
- temperature
- temperature range
- pointer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
- Indication And Recording Devices For Special Purposes And Tariff Metering Devices (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
本考案は自動車のダツシュボードに速度計類と併設され
て、エンジンのオーバーヒート等の危険状態を警告表示
する水温計に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a water temperature gauge that is installed on the dash board of an automobile along with a speedometer to display a warning of dangerous conditions such as engine overheating.
従来の水温計においてはその目盛が温度変化すなわち水
温センサの抵抗値変化に追従してほぼリニアに形成され
ており、文字板上に印刷された低温Cから高温Hまでの
目盛範囲は50℃で始まり60℃〜105℃の適温範囲
を介して115℃以上のレッドゾーンに至るまで、その
間をほは゛等間隔目盛で分割されていた。In conventional water temperature gauges, the scale is formed almost linearly to follow temperature changes, that is, changes in the resistance value of the water temperature sensor, and the range of the scale printed on the dial from low temperature C to high temperature H is 50 degrees Celsius. From the beginning, through the appropriate temperature range of 60°C to 105°C, until reaching the red zone of 115°C or higher, the temperature range was divided into equally spaced scales.
しかしながら上記水温計においては継続走行に影響のな
い比較的広い温度幅を有する適温範囲に指示角度の大半
が使用され、より微妙な温度変化を確認しなければなら
ないオーバーヒートの危険を有する高温域の指示角度は
その重要度に比して極めて挟角なものとなっている。However, in the above-mentioned water temperature gauge, most of the indication angles are used in an appropriate temperature range with a relatively wide temperature range that does not affect continuous driving, and indications in high temperature ranges where there is a risk of overheating require checking for more subtle temperature changes. The angle is extremely small compared to its importance.
このため運転者は指針の指示位置がレッドゾーン付近に
近づくことによりオーバーヒートの危険を感じ、走行を
停止してエンジンの冷却に務めることになるが、上述し
たように高温域での指示角度が狭いために温度変化に対
して指針の変動角は極めて微少なものとなり、継続走行
が可能な状態であるにもかかわらず、その判断が極めて
難しいために、走行停止を余儀なくされ、無駄な時間を
費やすことにもなりかねなかった。For this reason, the driver senses the danger of overheating as the pointer approaches the red zone, and must stop driving to cool the engine, but as mentioned above, the indicated angle is narrow in the high temperature range. As a result, the angle of variation of the pointer due to temperature changes is extremely small, and even though it is possible to continue driving, it is extremely difficult to judge whether it is possible to continue driving, and the driver is forced to stop driving, wasting time. That could have happened.
同時に高温域における指示の曖昧さにより、運転者は過
度の緊張を強いられ、走行上の安全性に欠けるきらいが
あった。At the same time, vague instructions in high-temperature ranges tend to make drivers extremely nervous, leading to a lack of driving safety.
また、特に寒冷地においてはエンジン始動後、エンジン
ルームが冷えきった状態で発進操作するとノッキング等
により往来でエンストする恐れがあり、更にシリンダ、
ピストン等の損傷をも早めることになるため、しばらく
の間はチョークを開放状態にしておきエンジンの円滑動
作を確認したうえで発進する必要がある。In addition, especially in cold regions, if the engine is started and the engine room is completely cold, there is a risk of the engine stalling in traffic due to knocking, etc.
This will also hasten damage to pistons, etc., so it is necessary to leave the choke open for a while and check that the engine is operating smoothly before starting.
同様に車内ヒータを投入する際にはエンジンルームが十
分暖まったことを確認したのちでなければ、外部の冷風
を吸入することになる。Similarly, when turning on the heater inside the car, you must make sure that the engine compartment is sufficiently warm before drawing in cold air from outside.
そこで運転者は上述した状態を水温計の指針位置で確認
することになるが、従来計器においては低温Cから高温
Hまでほぼリニアに形成された目盛で判断しなければな
らず、特に指示範囲の狭い低温域ではどの指示位置で発
進およびヒータ投入操作を行なえばよいのかわからず、
誤認操作した場合には上述したような危惧を生ずること
になる。Therefore, the driver has to check the above-mentioned condition by checking the pointer position of the water temperature gauge, but with conventional meters, judgment has to be made using a scale formed almost linearly from low temperature C to high temperature H, especially in the indicated range. In a narrow low-temperature area, it is difficult to know where to start or turn on the heater.
If a misidentification operation is performed, the above-mentioned concerns will arise.
本考案は斜上の点に鑑みなされたもので、微少な温度変
化の確認を必要としない適温範囲では指針の回動を停止
もしくは微少範囲におさえ、低温域、高温域の重要温度
範囲を広角とすることにより車輌が適温範囲で走行して
いるが、オーバーヒートしているか、あるいは発進およ
びヒータ投入時の適温状態になっているかを容易に高信
頼度をもって判読できる水温計の提供を目的とするもの
である。This invention was developed in consideration of the above-mentioned problem, and in the appropriate temperature range where it is not necessary to check for minute temperature changes, the pointer stops rotating or keeps it within a minute range, and the important temperature range of low and high temperatures can be covered from a wide angle. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water temperature gauge that can easily and reliably determine whether the vehicle is running within an appropriate temperature range, is overheating, or is at an appropriate temperature when starting and turning on the heater. It is something.
以下添付図面に基き、本考案の一実施例を詳述する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings.
第1図において、1は車載要源に接続されたそれ自体周
知の定電圧回路で、トランジスタ2、抵抗3およびツェ
ナーダイオード4から構成されている。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a well-known constant voltage circuit connected to an on-vehicle power source, and is composed of a transistor 2, a resistor 3, and a Zener diode 4.
5は非線形関数発生部を示し、上記定電圧回路1の出力
には抵抗6、水温センサ7が直列接続され、上記水温セ
ンサ7と並列に抵抗8および第1の定電圧素子であるツ
ェナーダイオード9の直列回路が接続されるとともに、
上記抵抗8には第2の定電圧素子を形成するダイオード
10,11.12が抵抗13とを直列回路をなして並列
接続され、更に上記ダイオード12と抵抗13の接続点
には出力端子14が形成されている。Reference numeral 5 denotes a nonlinear function generating section, and a resistor 6 and a water temperature sensor 7 are connected in series to the output of the constant voltage circuit 1, and a resistor 8 and a Zener diode 9 as a first constant voltage element are connected in parallel with the water temperature sensor 7. A series circuit of is connected, and
Diodes 10, 11, and 12 forming a second constant voltage element are connected in parallel to the resistor 8 to form a series circuit with a resistor 13, and an output terminal 14 is connected to the connection point between the diode 12 and the resistor 13. It is formed.
15は作動増幅回路で、オペアンプ16、基準電圧設定
用抵抗17.18人力抵抗19.20帰還抵抗21出力
抵抗22および出力トランジスタ23より構成され、上
記非線形関数発生部5の出力端子14に出力される電圧
と上記抵抗17.18で設定される基準電圧との差を増
幅し、出力トランジスタ23の出力に接続されたバイメ
タル式計器24の熱線に給電するものである。Reference numeral 15 designates a differential amplifier circuit, which is composed of an operational amplifier 16, a reference voltage setting resistor 17, 18, a human resistor 19, 20, a feedback resistor 21, an output resistor 22, and an output transistor 23. The difference between the voltage set by the resistor 17 and the reference voltage set by the resistors 17 and 18 is amplified, and power is supplied to the hot wire of the bimetal meter 24 connected to the output of the output transistor 23.
上記構成において、要部の電圧特性を示した第2図およ
び計器の指針指示状態を示した第3図を併用して動作説
明する。The operation of the above configuration will be explained with reference to FIG. 2, which shows the voltage characteristics of the main parts, and FIG. 3, which shows the indication state of the pointer of the meter.
ここで後述する低温域、適温範囲、高温域は若干の安全
度をもたせ各々50℃〜70℃、70℃〜95℃、95
℃〜120℃として説明する。Here, the low temperature range, suitable temperature range, and high temperature range described later are 50℃ to 70℃, 70℃ to 95℃, and 95℃, respectively, with a certain degree of safety.
The temperature will be explained as ℃ to 120℃.
まず低温域においては、水温センサ7の抵抗値が高く、
従って抵抗6と氷温センサ7の接続点の検出電圧■5は
ダイオード10.11.12およびツェナーダイオード
9を導通状態に維持するに半分高いため、出力端子14
には、上記検出電圧■5からダイオードの降下電圧■。First, in the low temperature range, the resistance value of the water temperature sensor 7 is high;
Therefore, the detection voltage 5 at the connection point between the resistor 6 and the ice temperature sensor 7 is half high enough to keep the diodes 10, 11, 12 and the Zener diode 9 conductive, so the output terminal 14
, the drop voltage (■) of the diode from the above detection voltage (5).
×3を差引いた電圧(■。3VD)が出力されることに
なり、差動増幅回路15の抵抗17.18によって設定
される基準電圧■8との電圧差が増幅されて、出力トラ
ンジスタ23のベースに印加される。The voltage (■.3VD) obtained by subtracting ×3 will be output, and the voltage difference with the reference voltage ■8 set by the resistor 17.18 of the differential amplifier circuit 15 will be amplified, and the output transistor 23 will be applied to the base.
こうして出力トランジスタ23の出力に接続された計器
24を駆動し、低温域50℃〜70℃を指針31により
広角指示するものである。In this way, the meter 24 connected to the output of the output transistor 23 is driven, and the pointer 31 indicates a wide range of low temperature ranges of 50 DEG C. to 70 DEG C.
この範囲においては検出電圧■5によりダイオード10
,11.12およびツェナーダイオード9が導通状態に
あるようダイオードの個数およびツェナーダイオード9
のツェナー電圧■zが設定されている。In this range, the detection voltage 5 causes the diode 10
, 11.12 and the Zener diode 9 are in a conductive state.
The Zener voltage ■z is set.
次に適温範囲70℃〜95℃について説明する。Next, the appropriate temperature range of 70°C to 95°C will be explained.
回路定数的には検出電圧■5が70℃に相当した電圧に
達すると、ダイオード10,11.12が非導通となる
ように設定しである。In terms of circuit constants, the diodes 10, 11, and 12 are set to become non-conductive when the detection voltage 5 reaches a voltage corresponding to 70°C.
すなわち、ツェナーダイオード9はそのツェナー電圧■
2を水温95℃に相当する電圧VS’に設定しであるた
め、それ以上の電圧では常時導通状態となっている。That is, the Zener diode 9 has its Zener voltage ■
2 is set to a voltage VS' corresponding to a water temperature of 95° C., so it is always in a conductive state at a voltage higher than that.
従ってダイオード10,11.12に加わる電圧は検出
電圧V、からツェナー電圧■2を差引いた電圧(VS−
■2)となり、この電圧が3Vo以上の時、すなわち水
温70℃以下の低温域のときには、上記ダイオード10
,11 。Therefore, the voltage applied to the diodes 10, 11, and 12 is the voltage obtained by subtracting the Zener voltage ■2 from the detection voltage V (VS-
(2) When this voltage is 3 Vo or more, that is, when the water temperature is in a low temperature range of 70°C or less, the diode 10
, 11.
12ともに導通状態であり、上述したような水温変化に
相応した電圧を計器24に印加して温度指示するもので
あるが、上記出力電圧(vs−vz)がダイオード10
,11.12の導通電圧3VD以下になる水温70℃に
達すると、上記ダイオード10,11.12は非導通と
なって出力端子14にはツェナー電圧v2が出力される
ことになる。12 are in a conductive state, and a voltage corresponding to the water temperature change as described above is applied to the meter 24 to indicate the temperature, but the output voltage (vs-vz) is
, 11.12 reaches 70° C., at which the conduction voltage of the diodes 10, 11.12 becomes 3 VD or less, the diodes 10, 11.12 become non-conductive, and the Zener voltage v2 is outputted to the output terminal 14.
こうして水温70℃においてダイオード10,11゜1
2が非導通となることにより、検出電圧■5が水温95
℃に相当する電圧VS’すなわちツェナーダイオード9
が非導通となるまで出力端子14の出力電圧はツェナー
電圧■2の一定電圧で保持され、指針31は文字板30
上の適温目盛32内で停止状態を維持することとなる。In this way, at a water temperature of 70°C, the diode 10, 11°1
2 becomes non-conductive, the detection voltage 5 becomes water temperature 95.
The voltage VS' corresponding to °C or Zener diode 9
The output voltage of the output terminal 14 is held at a constant voltage of the Zener voltage ■2 until the pointer 31 becomes non-conductive.
The stopped state will be maintained within the upper appropriate temperature scale 32.
次に水温が95℃以上の高温域になると、検出電圧V、
は水温95℃時の電圧VS’よりも低くなり、従ってツ
ェナーダイオード9は非導通となって出力端子14には
上記検出電圧■5が出力され、指針31は再び高温域に
おける水温に相応した指示位置で広角指示するものであ
る。Next, when the water temperature reaches a high temperature range of 95°C or higher, the detection voltage V,
becomes lower than the voltage VS' when the water temperature is 95°C, so the Zener diode 9 becomes non-conductive, the above-mentioned detection voltage 5 is output to the output terminal 14, and the pointer 31 again gives an indication corresponding to the water temperature in the high temperature range. It indicates a wide angle based on the position.
以上詳述したように本考案は抵抗6と水温センサ7との
接続点から水温に比例して変化する電圧Vsを検出し、
低温域においてはダイオード10゜11.12を導通す
ることにより水温変化に相応して指針31を広角回動さ
せ、適温範囲においては上記ダイオード10,11.1
2を非導通とし、出力端子14にはツェナー電圧■2が
出力されて一定電圧を保持し、もって適温目盛32内に
指針31を停止保持させ更に高温域においてはツェナー
ダイオード9を非導通として検出電圧■5の高温域にお
ける変化を指針31の回動により広角指示させたため、
従来計器の指示角度の内はぼ下半分を低温域に、また上
半分を高温域に設定でき、危険温度付近の微少な温度変
化をただちに指針31の回動運動として確認でき、視認
性の良好な広角指示を遠戚したものである。As detailed above, the present invention detects the voltage Vs that changes in proportion to the water temperature from the connection point between the resistor 6 and the water temperature sensor 7,
In the low temperature range, the pointer 31 is rotated over a wide angle according to the water temperature change by conducting the diode 10, 11.12, and in the appropriate temperature range, the diode 10, 11.1 is turned on.
2 is made non-conductive, Zener voltage 2 is output to the output terminal 14 to maintain a constant voltage, thereby stopping and holding the pointer 31 within the appropriate temperature scale 32, and further detecting the Zener diode 9 as non-conductive in the high temperature range. Since the change in the voltage ■5 in the high temperature range was indicated at a wide angle by rotating the pointer 31,
The lower half of the indication angle of conventional instruments can be set to the low temperature range and the upper half to the high temperature range, allowing minute temperature changes near the dangerous temperature to be immediately confirmed as rotational movement of the pointer 31, resulting in good visibility. This is a distant relative of the wide-angle indicator.
また回路定数の設定何如により、指針31の始動をもっ
て危険状態を指示することで、より適確な危険表示を行
なえることはいうまでもない。It goes without saying that, depending on the setting of the circuit constants, a more accurate danger indication can be made by indicating a dangerous situation by starting the pointer 31.
すなわち、車輌の発進もしくはヒータの投入適性温度で
はじめて差動増幅回路15の出力が得られるように基準
電圧■、を設定しておけば、指針31は上記適性温度に
達してから始動することになり、従って指針31の動作
を確認したうえで発進もしくはヒータ投入操作を行なえ
ば、冷却時の発進によるエンストや外部冷風の吸入とい
った危惧も解消できる。That is, if the reference voltage (2) is set so that the output of the differential amplifier circuit 15 is obtained only when the vehicle starts or the heater is turned on, the pointer 31 will start only after reaching the appropriate temperature. Therefore, by confirming the operation of the pointer 31 before starting or turning on the heater, concerns about engine stalling or intake of external cold air due to starting during cooling can be eliminated.
更に適温範囲から高温域への移行温度をオーバーヒート
の警告温度付近になるようツェナー電圧V2を設定して
おけば、上記警告温度付近に達してはじめて適温範囲に
停動していた指針31が回動しはじめ、この指針31の
動きによって危険を知らせることができ、運転者にとっ
ては危険温度付近の微妙な指示動作に注意をはらうこと
なく、極めて明確に警告状態を確認できる等、安全走行
上方れた効果を期待できるものである。Furthermore, if the Zener voltage V2 is set so that the transition temperature from the appropriate temperature range to the high temperature range is near the overheating warning temperature, the pointer 31, which had been stationary in the appropriate temperature range, will rotate only when the above warning temperature is reached. At the beginning, the movement of the pointer 31 can alert the driver to danger, and the driver can clearly confirm the warning condition without having to pay attention to the delicate movement of instructions near the dangerous temperature, which improves safe driving. It is something that can be expected to be effective.
第1図は本考案の一実施例を示す回路構成図、第2図は
第1図における要部の電圧特性図、第3図は本考案に係
る文字板(表示目盛)を各示す。
1・・・・・・定電圧回路、5・・・・・・非線形関数
発生部、6,8゜13・・・・・・抵抗、9,10,1
1.12・・・・・・定電圧素子をなすツェナーダイオ
ードおよびダイオード、15・・・・・・作動増幅回路
、24・・・・・・計器。FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a voltage characteristic diagram of the main parts in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a dial (display scale) according to the present invention. 1... Constant voltage circuit, 5... Nonlinear function generator, 6,8°13... Resistor, 9, 10, 1
1.12... Zener diode and diode forming a constant voltage element, 15... Active amplifier circuit, 24... Meter.
Claims (1)
固定的な抵抗とともに電源に直列接続し、この接続点の
電圧変化を温度変化に応答する検出電圧として取り出す
とともに、上記検出電圧を指示計器に給電することによ
り上記温度変化を指示するようにしたものにおいて、上
記検出抵抗もしくは直列抵抗と並列に抵抗および第1の
定電圧素子とを直列接続するとともに、上記抵抗と並列
に第2の定電圧素子を接続して上記検出電圧を非線形関
数的に変換出力することにより、低温域および高温域に
おける指示角度を広角とし、中間の一定温度範囲のみ指
針の回動をほぼ停止状態にしたことを特徴とする指示計
器。A detection resistor whose resistance value changes according to temperature changes such as water temperature is connected in series with a power supply along with a fixed resistor, and the voltage change at this connection point is extracted as a detection voltage in response to temperature changes, and the above detection voltage is specified. In the device in which the temperature change is indicated by supplying power to the meter, a resistor and a first constant voltage element are connected in series in parallel with the detection resistor or series resistor, and a second constant voltage element is connected in parallel with the resistor. By connecting a constant voltage element and converting and outputting the detected voltage as a non-linear function, the indication angle in the low temperature range and high temperature range is made wide, and the rotation of the pointer is almost stopped only in the constant temperature range in between. An indicating instrument featuring:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13416378U JPS5824770Y2 (en) | 1978-09-28 | 1978-09-28 | indicating instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13416378U JPS5824770Y2 (en) | 1978-09-28 | 1978-09-28 | indicating instrument |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5549286U JPS5549286U (en) | 1980-03-31 |
JPS5824770Y2 true JPS5824770Y2 (en) | 1983-05-27 |
Family
ID=29103297
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP13416378U Expired JPS5824770Y2 (en) | 1978-09-28 | 1978-09-28 | indicating instrument |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5824770Y2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57106817A (en) * | 1980-12-24 | 1982-07-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | Data replacement system of measuring device |
JPH0648196B2 (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1994-06-22 | シャープ株式会社 | Noise reduction circuit for measuring instruments |
-
1978
- 1978-09-28 JP JP13416378U patent/JPS5824770Y2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5549286U (en) | 1980-03-31 |
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