JPS5823225Y2 - threshing machine - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は唐箕により起風される唐箕風を選別風路内に通
風させて風選別を行うようにした脱穀機に関するもので
ある。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a threshing machine that performs wind sorting by passing the winnowing wind generated by a winnowing machine into a sorting air passage.

唐箕により起風される唐箕風を選別風路内に通風させて
風選別を行うようにした自動脱穀機（自脱）では、選別
される穀粒に適した状態の唐箕風を通風させることによ
り、良好な選別を行うことができるものである。An automatic threshing machine (self-threshing machine) that performs wind sorting by blowing the winnowing wind generated by the winnowing machine into the sorting air passage. , it is possible to perform good sorting.

ところが自脱の内部は、網目の細い綿類や、多数の段を
有す穀粒揺動選別体等が狭いスペースに入り組んだ状態
で配設された複雑な構造になっており、しかも脱穀作業
に伴って自脱内部には多量の藁屑や塵埃等が発生するた
め、これら塵埃等が自脱内の各部に付着滞留したり綿類
に目詰りしたりして選別性能を悪くする不具合いを免れ
得ないものである。However, the interior of the self-shedding machine has a complicated structure in which thin-mesh cotton and grain oscillating sorters with many stages are arranged in a complicated manner in a narrow space, and the threshing process is difficult. As a result, a large amount of straw and dust is generated inside the self-extractor, so this dust may adhere to various parts of the self-extractor and clog the cotton, causing problems such as deterioration of sorting performance. It is something that cannot be avoided.

そこで、従来、受網等の綿類が目詰りを起したり、穀粒
揺動選別体等に塵埃等が付着滞留した場合には、一般に
その都度自脱内部を開けて目詰り等を一々手で取除いて
掃除して選別性能を良好にしているのが実情である。Therefore, in the past, when cotton such as receiving nets became clogged or dust etc. adhered to and accumulated on the grain oscillating sorter, etc., the self-released interior was generally opened each time and the clogging was removed one by one. The reality is that they are removed and cleaned by hand to improve the sorting performance.

本考案は上記の如き実情に鑑み、創案されたものであっ
て、唐箕で起風し、選別される穀粒に適した状態の唐箕
風を選別風路内に通風させて風選別を行うようにした内
部の構造が複雑な自動脱穀機であっても唐箕風の風力を
利用して自脱内の各部に付着滞留した籾、藁屑、塵埃を
吹き飛ばして綿類や穀粒揺動選別体等の目詰りおよび溜
りを伺等人手をわずられすことなく極めて簡単かつ確実
に除去することにより常に良好な選別性能を保持するこ
とができる脱穀機を提供しようとするものである。The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is designed to carry out wind sorting by raising wind with a winnowing machine and passing the wind through the sorting air passage in a state suitable for the grains to be sorted. Even if the automatic threshing machine has a complicated internal structure, it uses the wind power of the Karakin wind to blow away the paddy, straw, and dust that has accumulated in various parts of the threshing machine, and removes cotton and grain by shaking the grain. It is an object of the present invention to provide a threshing machine that can maintain good sorting performance at all times by removing clogging and accumulating objects extremely easily and reliably without requiring any manual labor.

本考案の構成を図面に示された一実施例について説明す
れば、１はコンバイン等に搭載される自動脱穀機であっ
て、該脱穀機１の扱室２内には機体の前後方向に架設し
た扱胴軸３を介して扱胴４が軸着されている。To explain the configuration of the present invention with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, 1 is an automatic threshing machine mounted on a combine harvester or the like, and in the handling chamber 2 of the threshing machine 1 there is installed an automatic threshing machine in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. A handling cylinder 4 is pivotally attached via a handling cylinder shaft 3.

５は扱胴４の外周に沿って張設された受網であって、穀
粒が漏下する程度の網目を有している。Reference numeral 5 denotes a receiving net stretched along the outer periphery of the handling barrel 4, and has a mesh that allows grains to leak through.

６は扱室２の外筐２ａの前方−側に形成された殻稈供給
口、Ｔは扱室２の扱口であって、該扱口Ｔにはこれに沿
って殻稈自動供給装置８が設げられている。6 is a shell culm supply port formed on the front side of the outer casing 2a of the handling chamber 2, T is a handling port of the handling chamber 2, and an automatic shell culm supply device 8 is installed along the handling port T. is provided.

９は扱胴蓋であって、該扱胴蓋９は扱室２の上方に着脱
自在に装着されている。Reference numeral 9 denotes a handling barrel lid, which is detachably attached above the handling chamber 2.

１０は扱室２の殻稈排串口６ｂの下方に設けられた四番
口であって、該四番口１０には枢支軸１１ａを介して蓋
体１１が開閉自在に枢着されており、四番口１０の固定
側にはＬ型状のストツパ１２が起倒自在に設けられてい
る。Reference numeral 10 denotes a fourth port provided below the culm discharge port 6b of the handling chamber 2, and a lid body 11 is pivotally attached to the fourth port 10 via a pivot shaft 11a so as to be openable and closable. An L-shaped stopper 12 is provided on the fixed side of the fourth opening 10 so as to be able to be raised and lowered.

１３は扱胴軸３の軸瞬方向後方に設けられた選別室であ
って、該風選室１３の一側には吸引排塵ファン１４が配
設されており、その排塵口１４ａ側には上記四番口１０
の場合と同様枢支軸１５およびストツパ１６を介して蓋
体１１が開閉自在に枢着されている。13 is a sorting chamber provided at the rear of the handling cylinder shaft 3 in the axial direction, and a suction dust exhaust fan 14 is disposed on one side of the wind sorting chamber 13, and a dust exhaust fan 14 is installed on the side of the dust exhaust port 14a. is the fourth exit 10 above.
Similarly to the above case, the lid 11 is pivotally mounted via a pivot shaft 15 and a stopper 16 so as to be openable and closable.

１８は無孔の段ｉ ｇａ 、 １８ａ・・・・・肘き穀
粒揺動選別体であって、該穀粒揺動選別体１８は扱室２
の始端部下方から機体後方へかけて形成された選別風路
Ａ内に前後方向揺動自在に架設され、その前端部には精
粒漏下網１９が一体的に固着されている。Reference numeral 18 denotes a non-porous stage i ga , 18 a . . . an arm-shaped grain shaking sorter;
It is installed in a sorting air passage A formed from below the starting end to the rear of the machine so as to be able to swing forward and backward, and a fine particle leakage net 19 is integrally fixed to the front end thereof.

２０は風選室１３内に配設された有孔の段付き揺動選別
体であって、その下方には二番還元螺旋２１が配設され
ている。Reference numeral 20 denotes a stepped swinging sorting body with holes arranged in the wind selection chamber 13, and a second reducing spiral 21 is arranged below it.

２２は二番搬送スロワ−であって、該二番搬送スロワ−
２２の吐出口２２ａは扱室２側方の還元通路内に臨ませ
である。22 is a second transport thrower;
The discharge port 22a of 22 faces into the return passage on the side of the treatment chamber 2.

２３は穀粒揺動選別体１８の下方に配設された一番還元
螺旋である。23 is the most reducing spiral disposed below the grain oscillating sorter 18.

一方、２４は扱室２の始端部下方に配設された唐箕であ
って、該唐箕２４は次のように構成されている。On the other hand, reference numeral 24 denotes a winnow disposed below the starting end of the handling room 2, and the winnow 24 is constructed as follows.

すなわち、唐箕カバー２５は半円筒状の本機カバー２６
内に円周方向回動可能に嵌装されており、上記本機カバ
ー２６の開口部は穀粒揺動選別体１８の始端部に対向し
て横架された仕切板２７によって穀粒揺動選別体１８の
上方位置に連通ずる上部開口部２８と穀粒揺動選別体１
８の下方位置に連通ずる下部開口部２８ａに区画されて
いる。In other words, the karaoke cover 25 is a semi-cylindrical main body cover 26.
The opening of the machine cover 26 is arranged so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. The upper opening 28 communicating with the upper position of the sorting body 18 and the grain swinging sorting body 1
It is divided into a lower opening 28a communicating with the lower position of 8.

モして唐箕カバー２５の唐箕風吐出口２５ａは上記上部
開口部２８および下部開口部２８ａの各開口幅に対応し
て開設されており、従って、唐箕カバー２５の吐出口２
５ａを本機カバー２６の上部開口部２８位置に合せた時
には、本機カバー２６の下部開口部２８ａは唐箕カバー
２５によって閉塞され（第３図、第４図参照）、また唐
箕カバー２５の吐出口２５ａを本機カバー２６の下部開
口部２８ａ位置に合せた時には、上部開口部２８は唐箕
カバー２５によって閉塞されるようになっている（第１
１図参照）。Furthermore, the winnowing style outlet 25a of the winnowing cover 25 is opened corresponding to the respective opening widths of the upper opening 28 and the lower opening 28a.
5a is aligned with the upper opening 28 of the machine cover 26, the lower opening 28a of the machine cover 26 is closed by the winch cover 25 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and the outlet of the winch cover 25 is closed. When the outlet 25a is aligned with the lower opening 28a of the machine cover 26, the upper opening 28 is closed by the winch cover 25 (the first
(See Figure 1).

２９は唐箕カバー２５の回動操作レバーであって、該操
作レバー２９は唐箕カバー２５の外周面に固定され、本
機カバー２６に切欠形成した長孔３０の範囲内で上下動
させることにより唐箕カバー２５を回動させて、吐出口
２５ａを上部開口部２８と下部開口部２８ａとの間で自
由に変位し得るようになっている。Reference numeral 29 denotes a rotation operating lever for the winnowing cover 25. The operating lever 29 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the winnowing cover 25, and can be moved up and down within the range of a long hole 30 cut out in the cover 26 of the machine. By rotating the cover 25, the discharge port 25a can be freely displaced between the upper opening 28 and the lower opening 28a.

なお、上記本実施例においては、扱胴軸３の軸線方向後
方に風選室を設け、かつ扱胴軸３め軸線方向前方から後
方へ向けて唐箕風を通風する所謂横吹き型の脱穀機につ
いて説明したが、本考案は上記横吹き型の脱穀機に限定
されるものではなく。In this embodiment, a so-called side-blowing threshing machine is used, in which a wind selection chamber is provided at the rear of the handling drum shaft 3 in the axial direction, and a windmill is ventilated from the front to the rear of the handling drum shaft 3 in the axial direction. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned side-blowing type threshing machine.

扱胴軸３Ｖｃ対し直交方向に唐箕風を通風して選別作用
を行うようにした形式の脱穀機についても実施できるこ
とは勿論である。It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a type of threshing machine in which the sorting action is performed by blowing a winnowing wind in a direction perpendicular to the handling barrel shaft 3Vc.

次に叙上の如く構成した本考案の作用について説明する
。Next, the operation of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained.

通常の脱穀作業においては、唐箕カバー２５の回動操作
レバー２９を第１図に示す如く、Ｕ方向に上動した状態
でセントしておけば、唐箕２４の吐出口２５ａは本機カ
バー２６の下部開口部２８ａに合致し、上部開口部２８
は唐箕カバー２５によって閉塞された状態となるから唐
箕２４により起風された唐箕風は第１図矢印図示の如く
、穀粒揺動選別体１８の下方を通って機体前方から後方
へ向は通風され、その通風過程において風選作用を行う
ものである。In normal threshing work, if the rotary operating lever 29 of the winnow cover 25 is moved upward in the U direction as shown in FIG. Matches the lower opening 28a and the upper opening 28
Since the grain winnowing cover 25 blocks the grain winnowing cover 25, the fanning wind generated by the winnowing machine 24 passes below the grain swing sorting body 18 and is ventilated from the front to the rear of the machine, as shown by the arrow in FIG. It performs a wind selection effect during the ventilation process.

そして操作レバー２９をさらに操作して吐出口２５ａの
位置をわずかに変位させれば、揺動選別体１８の下方に
送る風の方向を選別される穀粒の状態に応じて変えるこ
とができ、良好な風選別を行うことができる。If the operating lever 29 is further operated to slightly displace the position of the discharge port 25a, the direction of the air sent downward to the swinging sorter 18 can be changed depending on the condition of the grains to be sorted. Good wind sorting can be performed.

一方、受網５や精粒漏下網１９等の綿類に目詰りをきた
した場合或は穀粒揺動選別体１８等に所謂「溜り」が生
じた場合には、扱室２に対する殻稈の供給を停止した後
、第３図および第４図に示す如く、唐箕カバー２５の回
動操作レバー２１を下動させればよい。On the other hand, if the cotton receiving net 5 or fine grain leakage net 19 etc. become clogged, or if a so-called "accumulation" occurs in the grain shaking sorter 18 etc., the shells in the handling chamber 2 After stopping the supply of culms, the rotary operating lever 21 of the winnow cover 25 may be moved downward, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

すなわち、上記操作レバー２９を下動させれば唐箕カバ
ー２５は矢印り方向に回動し、その吐出口２５ａは本機
カバー２６の上部開口部２８に合致し、下部開口部２８
ａは本機カバー２６により閉塞されることになるので、
唐箕風は穀粒揺動選別体１８下方の選別風路Ａ内への通
風は阻止され、本機カバー２６の上部開口部２８から第
３図矢印図示の如く穀粒揺動選別体１８の土方空間部を
風選室１３方向へ向は通風されることになる。That is, when the operating lever 29 is moved downward, the winnowing cover 25 rotates in the direction of the arrow, and its discharge port 25a matches the upper opening 28 of the machine cover 26, and the lower opening 28
a will be blocked by the machine cover 26, so
The flow of the wind into the sorting air passage A below the grain oscillating sorter 18 is prevented, and the flow from the upper opening 28 of the machine cover 26 to the side of the grain oscillating sorter 18 as shown by the arrow in FIG. The space is ventilated in the direction of the wind selection room 13.

この場合、吸引排塵ファン１４の排塵口１４ａを開閉す
る蓋体１１および四番口１０開閉用の蓋体１１を開状態
にすれば、唐箕風の流れは穀粒揺動選別体１８の終端部
付近で上記排塵口１４ａから体部へ抜けるＸ方向の流れ
と四番口１０から機体上方へ抜けるＹ方向の流れとに分
岐する。In this case, if the lid 11 that opens and closes the dust outlet 14a of the suction dust exhaust fan 14 and the lid 11 that opens and closes the fourth opening 10 are opened, the flow of the Karachi wind will flow through the grain oscillating sorting body 18. Near the terminal end, the dust branches into an X-direction flow that exits from the dust exhaust port 14a toward the body, and a Y-direction flow that exits from the fourth port 10 toward the top of the aircraft body.

そのため穀粒揺動選別体１８、精粒漏下網１９および風
選室１３内に配設された揺動選別体２０等に付着してい
る塵埃および籾等や四番口１０付近の付着物は上記唐箕
風によって強制的に吹き飛ばされて機外へ排出される。Therefore, dust, paddy, etc. adhering to the grain oscillating sorter 18, the fine grain leakage net 19, the oscillating sorter 20 disposed in the winnowing chamber 13, and other substances attached near the fourth port 10. is forcibly blown away by the above-mentioned Karakin wind and discharged out of the aircraft.

なお、この際四番口１０の蓋体１１を閉鎖すれば、唐箕
風の流れはＸ方向のみとなりその風力が増大されるので
付着物の除去作用がより効果的に行われる。At this time, if the lid 11 of the fourth opening 10 is closed, the flow of the chimney wind will be only in the X direction, and the wind force will be increased, so that the removal of deposits will be performed more effectively.

また、第４図に示す如く、排塵口１４ａおよび四番口１
０を蓋体１１，１１により共に閉鎖し、扱胴蓋９を取外
せば、唐箕風の流れは、受網５は経由して扱室２上方へ
抜けるＺ方向のみとなる。In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the dust exhaust port 14a and the fourth port 1
0 are both closed by the lids 11, 11 and the handling trunk lid 9 is removed, the flow of the winnowing wind is only in the Z direction passing through the receiving net 5 and passing through the handling chamber 2 above.

そのため、受網５の内周面に付着している塵埃等は上記
唐箕風の風力により上方へ吹き飛ばされて受網５の目詰
りは一挙に除去される。Therefore, dust and the like adhering to the inner circumferential surface of the receiving net 5 are blown upward by the wind power of the chimney wind, and the clogging of the receiving net 5 is removed at once.

この場合、扱胴４を回転させれば、受網５から除去され
た付着物は扱胴風の作用で扱室上方へ吹き上げられ扱室
上部の開口部から機外へ容易に排出される。In this case, when the handling cylinder 4 is rotated, the deposits removed from the receiving net 5 are blown upward into the handling chamber by the action of the handling cylinder wind, and are easily discharged from the opening at the top of the handling chamber.

これを要するに、本考案は、扱室の下方に、穀粒揺動選
別体を装備した選別風路を設け、該撰別風路の始端側に
唐箕を配設し、該唐箕により起風された唐箕風を上記選
別風路内に通風させて風選別を行うようにした脱穀機に
おいて、上記唐箕の吐出口を少くとも穀粒揺動選別体の
上方位置と下方位置とに変位自在に構成したから、吐出
口の位置を穀粒揺動選別体の下方位置で穀粒の状態に応
じ自由に調整することにより、良好な風選別を行うこと
ができる詐りでなく、吐出口を穀粒揺動選別体の上方位
置に変位させれば、内部が複雑な構造のものであっても
、唐箕風の風子を利用して自脱内の各部に付着滞留した
籾、藁屑、塵埃等を吹き飛ばして綿類や穀粒揺動選別体
等の目詰りおよび溜りを何等人手をわずられすことなく
、極めて簡単かつ確実に除去することができ、常に良好
な選別性能を保持することができる効果を奏する。In short, the present invention provides a sorting air path equipped with a grain shaking sorter below the handling room, and a winnow is arranged at the starting end of the sorting air path, and the wind is raised by the winnow. In a threshing machine that performs wind sorting by blowing a winnowing wind into the sorting air passage, the outlet of the winnowing machine is configured to be freely displaceable at least between an upper position and a lower position of the grain oscillating sorter. Therefore, by freely adjusting the position of the discharge port at the lower position of the grain oscillating sorter according to the condition of the grains, good air sorting can be performed. If the oscillating sorter is moved to the upper position, even if the inside is of a complicated structure, the rice cake, straw waste, dust, etc. that have adhered to and accumulated in various parts of the self-sorting body can be removed by using the Karakin-style windshield. By blowing, it is possible to extremely easily and reliably remove clogging and accumulations in cotton and grain oscillating sorters, etc., without requiring any human intervention, and it is possible to maintain good sorting performance at all times. be effective.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本考案に係る脱穀機の一実施例を示すものであっ
て、第１図は通常の脱穀作業状態を示す自説内部の縦断
面図、第２図は要部の斜親図、第３図および第４図は要
部の作用説明図である。 図中、２は扱室、１０は四番口、１１，１γは蓋体、１
８は穀粒揺動選別体、２４は唐箕、Ａは選別風路である
。The drawings show an embodiment of the threshing machine according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the inside of the machine showing the normal threshing operation state, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the main parts, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the main parts. FIG. 4 and FIG. 4 are explanatory views of the main parts. In the figure, 2 is the handling room, 10 is the fourth port, 11, 1γ is the lid, 1
8 is a grain shaking sorter, 24 is a winch, and A is a sorting air passage.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 扱室の下方に、穀粒揺動選別体を装備した選別風路を設
け、該選別風路の始端側に唐箕を配設し、該唐箕により
起風された唐箕風を上記選別風路内に通風させて風選別
を行うようにした脱穀機において、上記唐箕の吐出口を
少くとも穀粒揺動選別体の上方位置と下方位置とに変位
自在に構成したことを特徴とする脱穀機。A sorting air passage equipped with a grain oscillating sorter is installed below the handling room, a winnowing machine is arranged at the starting end of the sorting air passage, and a winnowing wind generated by the winnowing machine is directed into the sorting air passage. A threshing machine that performs air sorting by ventilation, characterized in that the outlet of the winnowing machine is configured to be freely displaceable at least between a position above and a position below a grain oscillating sorter.