JPS5823121B2 - Rotary vacuum distillation equipment - Google Patents
Rotary vacuum distillation equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5823121B2 JPS5823121B2 JP52010440A JP1044077A JPS5823121B2 JP S5823121 B2 JPS5823121 B2 JP S5823121B2 JP 52010440 A JP52010440 A JP 52010440A JP 1044077 A JP1044077 A JP 1044077A JP S5823121 B2 JPS5823121 B2 JP S5823121B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flask
- light
- heat exchange
- sample liquid
- exchange cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、各種試料液の濃縮に使用される回転式真空
蒸留装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rotary vacuum distillation apparatus used for concentrating various sample liquids.
従来、試料液濃縮用の回転式真空蒸留装置は、操作にお
いて運転者が常時フラスコ内の試料液の減りを監視し、
手操作で試料液を補給しているが、高倍率の濃縮Ｑこは
長時間を要することから全自動テ濃縮できる装置が要望
されていた。Conventionally, during operation of a rotary vacuum distillation apparatus for concentrating a sample liquid, the operator constantly monitors the decrease in the sample liquid in the flask.
Sample liquid is replenished manually, but since high-magnification concentration requires a long time, there was a need for a device that could perform fully automatic concentration.
本発明は、従来の要望に応じ、回転するフラスコ内の試
料液の液位を検出し、自動的に試料液のフラスコ内への
供給を停止又は開始して該フラスコ内を一定液位（こ保
っことができる回転式真空蒸留装置を提供する。In response to the conventional demand, the present invention detects the liquid level of a sample liquid in a rotating flask and automatically stops or starts supplying the sample liquid into the flask to maintain a constant liquid level in the flask. To provide a rotary vacuum distillation device that can be maintained.
第１図において、１は前端を開口したガラス製の中空熱
交換筒で、その前端に固着した金属製リング２をスタン
ド３に、又後端部を別のスタンド４にそれぞれ固定して
前端を下向きの傾斜状態（こ支持しである。In Fig. 1, 1 is a hollow heat exchange cylinder made of glass with an open front end, and a metal ring 2 fixed to the front end is fixed to a stand 3, and the rear end is fixed to another stand 4. Downward tilted state (this is supported).
上記熱交換筒１の前端には、一端を開口したガラス製濃
縮用透明フラスコ５の開口端を回転ジヨイント６を介し
て熱交換筒１内に連通状態で回転自在かつ気密状態に接
続してあり、このフラスコ５の約前半部が加熱浴槽７の
加温水８内に浸しである。At the front end of the heat exchange tube 1, the open end of a glass concentrating transparent flask 5 with one end open is connected to the heat exchange tube 1 in a freely rotatable and airtight manner in communication with the inside of the heat exchange tube 1 via a rotation joint 6. Approximately the front half of the flask 5 is immersed in the heated water 8 of the heating bath 7.
上記フラスコ５の回転１駆動機構としては、回転ジヨイ
ント６の外周面にウオームギア９を固定し、一方スタン
ド３にモータ１０を固定し、該モータの出力軸Ｏこ固着
しだウオーム１１を上記ウオームギア９にかみ合わせて
いる。As the mechanism for driving the rotation of the flask 5, a worm gear 9 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotation joint 6, a motor 10 is fixed to the stand 3, and a worm 11 is fixed to the output shaft O of the motor. They are interlocking.
１２は熱交換筒１内（こ内装した冷却管で、その一端に
冷却水給入管１ｏ−１西端に排出管１４を接続しである
。Reference numeral 12 denotes a cooling pipe installed inside the heat exchange cylinder 1, and a discharge pipe 14 is connected to the west end of the cooling water supply pipe 1o-1 at one end thereof.
１５は試料液供給管で、熱交換筒１の後端から該筒１内
（こ貫通すると共（こ開口前端をフラスコ５内まで延長
しており、又開口後端は試料液タンク１６内の試料液中
に延長している。Reference numeral 15 denotes a sample liquid supply pipe, which extends from the rear end of the heat exchange cylinder 1 into the cylinder 1 (the front end of which extends into the flask 5, and whose rear end extends into the inside of the sample liquid tank 16). Extends into the sample solution.
タンク１６内の試料液は通気管１７を通じて大気に接し
ている。The sample liquid in the tank 16 is in contact with the atmosphere through the ventilation pipe 17.
１８は減圧用アスピレータで管１９を介して熱交換筒１
に接続され、熱交換筒１及びフラスコ５内を一定の負圧
に保つ。18 is an aspirator for decompression, which is connected to the heat exchange cylinder 1 through a pipe 19.
The inside of the heat exchange tube 1 and flask 5 is maintained at a constant negative pressure.
２０は試料液供給管１５を開閉する電磁弁である。20 is a solenoid valve that opens and closes the sample liquid supply pipe 15.
濃縮用フラスコ５内の試料液２５の液位検出スイッチは
次のような構成である。The liquid level detection switch for the sample liquid 25 in the concentration flask 5 has the following configuration.
加熱浴槽７の左右両側にスタンド２１．２２を起立し、
一方のスタンド２Ｌｌこ投光器２３を、他方のスタンド
２２ζこ受光器２４をそれぞれ固定し、これら投光器２
３及び受光器２４は第２図示のようζこ試料液の液面よ
り適宜高い位置であってフラスコ５の垂直中心面ＶＧこ
ついて左右対称の位置でそれぞれフラスコ５の方向へ下
向きに傾斜している。Stands 21 and 22 are erected on both left and right sides of the heating bath 7,
The emitter 23 on one stand 2Ll and the receiver 24 on the other stand 22ζ are fixed respectively, and these emitters 2
3 and the photoreceiver 24 are positioned appropriately higher than the liquid level of the sample liquid as shown in the second figure, and are tilted downward toward the flask 5 at symmetrical positions about the vertical center plane VG of the flask 5. There is.
投光器２３は発光ダイオード等の赤外源又は可視光線光
源等の光源及びレンズ系を内蔵する通常のもので、一定
の投光角αを有する投光束をフラスコに投射する。The light projector 23 is a normal one that includes a built-in light source such as an infrared light source or a visible light source such as a light emitting diode, and a lens system, and projects a light beam having a fixed light projection angle α onto the flask.
受光器２４はフォトトランジスタ、フォトダイオード、
ＣＤＳ等の光電素子及びレンズ系を内蔵する通常のもの
で、一定の受光角もしくは受光範囲角βを有する。The light receiver 24 includes a phototransistor, a photodiode,
It is a normal device that includes a photoelectric element such as a CDS and a lens system, and has a fixed light receiving angle or light receiving range angle β.
この受光器２４は増巾器２６を介して上記電磁弁２０と
接続されている。This light receiver 24 is connected to the electromagnetic valve 20 via an amplifier 26.
これら投光器２３と受光器２４の位置関係は、投光器２
３の投光束のフラスコ５内液面からの反射光束が受光器
２４の受光角βに入射しうろことである。The positional relationship between the emitter 23 and the receiver 24 is as follows:
The reflected light flux from the liquid surface in the flask 5 of the projected light flux No. 3 is incident on the light receiving angle β of the light receiver 24.
なお受光器２４の受光角βで感知しうる反射光束の範囲
は、投光器２３及び受光器２４の液面からの高さ、傾斜
度等の条件によって異る。Note that the range of the reflected light flux that can be detected by the light receiving angle β of the light receiver 24 varies depending on conditions such as the height of the light emitter 23 and the light receiver 24 from the liquid surface, the degree of inclination, and the like.
今第２図において、投光束と受光角βとの交錯部分にお
ける受光範囲の上限をａ１下限をｂとし、フラスコ５内
の試料液２５の液面が上記ａ−ｂ間にある場合は、投光
器２３０投光束は液面で反射し、その反射光束が受光角
β内Ｏこ入射して受光器２４が受光するが、液面がａ以
上又はｂ以下にある場合は投光束の液面からの反射光束
が受光角β内に入射しないため受光器２４が受光しない
。In FIG. 2, the upper limit of the light receiving range at the intersection of the light emitting flux and the light receiving angle β is a1, and the lower limit is b, and when the liquid level of the sample liquid 25 in the flask 5 is between a and b, the light emitter 230 is reflected by the liquid surface, and the reflected light beam enters within the acceptance angle β and is received by the receiver 24. However, if the liquid level is above a or below b, the reflected light beam is reflected from the liquid surface. Since the reflected light beam does not enter within the acceptance angle β, the light receiver 24 does not receive the light.
それによりフラスコ内の液位がａ −ｂ範囲内にあるこ
と、又はａ −ｂ範囲外（こ変動したことを検知する。Thereby, it is detected that the liquid level in the flask is within the a-b range or that it has fluctuated outside the a-b range.
本例では受光角β内Ｑこ反射光束が入射した時は受光器
２４が電磁弁２０を閉じるＯＦＦ信号を発生し、又受光
角β内に反射光束が入射しない時受光器２４が電磁弁２
０を開＜ＯＮ信号を発生するように回路を設計する。In this example, when the reflected light flux Q is incident within the acceptance angle β, the light receiver 24 generates an OFF signal to close the solenoid valve 20, and when the reflected light flux is not incident within the acceptance angle β, the light receiver 24 generates an OFF signal that closes the solenoid valve 20.
A circuit is designed to generate a 0 open<ON signal.
このようＱこすれば、フラスコ内の液位が受光範囲ａ
−ｂ間にある時は電磁弁２０を閉じているが、液位がｂ
以下Ｑこ低下した時は電磁弁２０を開いて試料液をフラ
スコ５内に補給する。By rubbing Q like this, the liquid level in the flask will be within the light receiving range a.
When the liquid level is between -b, the solenoid valve 20 is closed, but the liquid level is between b.
Thereafter, when the Q drops, the solenoid valve 20 is opened to replenish the sample liquid into the flask 5.
本装置の作用を次に説明する。The operation of this device will be explained next.
フラスコ５内に一定量の試料液が供給され、その液面が
第２図の点ａ−ｂ間にある状態で加熱浴槽７によりフラ
スコ５を加熱し、モータ１０の駆動によりフラスコ５を
回転させ、冷却管１２に冷却水を送ってフラスコ５の開
口端から熱交換筒１内に流入する試料液蒸気を冷却液化
させ、又減圧アスピレータ１８の駆動Ｑこより熱交換筒
１及びフラスコ５内を所定の負圧にすると共に熱交換筒
１内の蒸留液を管１９を経て排出し、以下これを継続し
てフラスコ５内の試料液の濃縮を行う。A certain amount of sample liquid is supplied into the flask 5, and with the liquid level between points a and b in FIG. 2, the flask 5 is heated by the heating bath 7, and the flask 5 is rotated by the drive of the motor 10. , cooling water is sent to the cooling pipe 12 to cool and liquefy the sample liquid vapor flowing into the heat exchange tube 1 from the open end of the flask 5, and the inside of the heat exchange tube 1 and the flask 5 is heated to a predetermined position by the drive Q of the decompression aspirator 18. At the same time, the distilled liquid in the heat exchange column 1 is discharged through the tube 19, and this process is continued to concentrate the sample liquid in the flask 5.
なおその間投光器２３の投光束の液面からの反射光束が
受光器２４ζこ人射し、該受光器からのＯＦＦ信号によ
り電磁弁２０が閉じて試料液の補給を遮断している。During this time, the reflected light beam from the liquid surface of the light emitter 23 is emitted onto the light receiver 24ζ, and an OFF signal from the light receiver closes the electromagnetic valve 20 to cut off the supply of the sample liquid.
フラスコ５内の試料液２５の液位が第２図の点す以下に
低下した時受光器２４からのＯＮ信号ζこより電磁弁２
０を開き、それによりタンク１６内の試料液がフラスコ
５内の負圧によって供給管１５を通じてフラスコ５内に
補給される。When the liquid level of the sample liquid 25 in the flask 5 drops below the point shown in FIG.
0 is opened, whereby the sample liquid in the tank 16 is replenished into the flask 5 through the supply pipe 15 due to the negative pressure in the flask 5.
補給によりフラスコ内の液位が上昇し、点す以上に至る
と受光器２４からのＯＦＦ信号により電磁弁２０を再び
閉じる。Due to replenishment, the liquid level in the flask rises, and when it reaches a level above light, the electromagnetic valve 20 is closed again by the OFF signal from the light receiver 24.
以下同様Ｑこ試料液の濃縮につれ新な試料液の補給を繰
返していく。Thereafter, as the sample solution is concentrated, new sample solution is repeatedly replenished.
なお、加熱浴槽７内の加温水が作業の継続につれ減少す
るので、例えば通常の液面スイッチにより水位を検出し
て適宜水を補給する。In addition, since the heated water in the heating bath 7 decreases as the work continues, the water level is detected using, for example, a normal liquid level switch and water is replenished as appropriate.
上側においては、液面が受光範囲の下限すを超えた時Ｏ
ＦＦ信号によって電磁弁２０を直ちに閉じ試料液の供給
を停止するが、他の実施例としてタイマーによって電磁
弁２０の閉成を一定時間遅らせ、それによって試料液を
受光範囲ａ〜ｂの中間まで補給する構成Ｏこすることが
できる。On the upper side, when the liquid level exceeds the lower limit of the light receiving range, O
The FF signal immediately closes the solenoid valve 20 to stop supplying the sample liquid, but in another embodiment, a timer delays the closing of the solenoid valve 20 for a certain period of time, thereby replenishing the sample liquid to the middle of the light receiving range a to b. The composition O can be rubbed.
さらに他の実施例として、受光器２４の受光時にＯＮ信
号を発信し、受光時以外はＯＦＦ信号を発信するように
し、それにより液面が受光範囲３〜５間にあるときは試
料液の補給を行い、液面が上限ａ以上（こ達すると補給
を停止するように構成する場合もある。As yet another embodiment, an ON signal is transmitted when the light receiver 24 receives light, and an OFF signal is transmitted when the light receiver 24 is not receiving light, so that when the liquid level is within the light receiving range 3 to 5, the sample solution is replenished. In some cases, the replenishment is stopped when the liquid level reaches the upper limit a.
なお、フラスコ５内の液面は、フラスコ５の回転又は試
料液の補給によって細かく波打つ場合があるが、このよ
うな場合液面を検知して発信するＯＮ、ＯＦＦ信号を通
常のタイマーζこよって一定時間遅れをおいて電磁弁２
０に伝えるようＱこすれば、波打ちによる液面検出の乱
れを防止することができる。Note that the liquid level in the flask 5 may become finely undulating due to the rotation of the flask 5 or the replenishment of the sample liquid. After a certain time delay, solenoid valve 2
By rubbing Q so as to transmit the signal to 0, it is possible to prevent disturbances in liquid level detection due to waving.
上記液位検出スイッチにおいて、好ましくは投光器２３
０投光軸及び受光器２４の受光角βの中心線がフラスコ
５のガラス面Ｑこ垂直であることが望ましい。In the liquid level detection switch, preferably the floodlight 23
It is desirable that the center line of the zero light projection axis and the receiving angle β of the light receiver 24 be perpendicular to the glass surface Q of the flask 5.
これはガラス及びガラスＱこ付着する水層の屈折率が最
小となるからである。This is because the refractive index of the water layer adhering to the glass and glass Q is minimized.
液位検出スイッチの別の実施例として、上記投光器２３
を平行光線を投射するものＱこし、又は受光器２４を平
行受光範囲を有するものにすることができ、さらＯこ上
記投光器２３及び受光器２４を平行光線投光器及び平行
受光範囲受光器（こ代えることもできる。As another example of the liquid level detection switch, the above-mentioned floodlight 23
The above light projector 23 and light receiver 24 can be replaced by a parallel light projector and a parallel light receiving range receiver. You can also do that.
この発明の回転式真空蒸留装置は、回転するフラスコ内
の試料液の液位の変動を適確に検出し、電磁弁に信号を
送ってこれを開閉することによりフラスコ内に新たな試
料液の必要量を自動的に補給して、フラスコ内を一定液
位σこ保つことができ、したがって運転者が常時試料液
の減りを監視し、手操作で試料液を補給する必要がなく
、全自動で濃縮することができるもので、その利用価値
は極めて高いものである。The rotary vacuum distillation apparatus of this invention accurately detects fluctuations in the liquid level of a sample liquid in a rotating flask, and sends a signal to a solenoid valve to open and close it, thereby adding new sample liquid to the flask. It is possible to automatically replenish the required amount and maintain a constant liquid level inside the flask.Therefore, the operator does not have to constantly monitor the decrease in sample liquid and replenish the sample liquid manually, and the system is fully automatic. It can be concentrated using methane, and its utility value is extremely high.
； 図面はこの発明の実施例を示し、第１図は本装置の
一部切欠側面図、第２図は第１図の■−■線一部省略拡
大切断端面図である。
１・・・・・・熱交換筒、５・・・・・・濃縮用透明フ
ラスコ、７・・・・・・加熱浴槽、８・・・・・・加温
水、１２・・・・・・冷却管、１３・・・・・・冷却水
給入管、１４・・・・・・排出管、１５・・・・・・試
料液供給管、１６・・・・・・試料液タンク、１８・・
・減圧用アスピレータ、２０・・・・・・電磁弁、２３
・・・・・・投光器、２４・・・・・・受光器、２５・
・・・・・試料液、α・・・・・・投光角、β受光角。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the device, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cutaway end view taken along line 1--2 in FIG. 1. 1...Heat exchange cylinder, 5...Transparent flask for concentration, 7...Heating bathtub, 8...Heating water, 12... Cooling pipe, 13... Cooling water supply pipe, 14... Discharge pipe, 15... Sample liquid supply pipe, 16... Sample liquid tank, 18.・
・Aspirator for pressure reduction, 20... Solenoid valve, 23
......Emitter, 24...Receiver, 25.
...sample liquid, α...projection angle, β reception angle.
Claims (1)
が該熱交換筒と連通状態で回転自在かつ気密状態に接続
され、 上記熱交換筒に該熱交換筒内を冷却する冷却手段が設け
られ、試料液クンク（こ接続されて該タンク内の試料液
を供給する試料液供給管を上記熱交換筒を貫通して上記
フラスコ内に開口すると共ニ、上記熱交換筒内及びフラ
スコ内を負圧に保ち且熱交換筒内の蒸留液を吸出するア
スピレータを上記熱交換筒に接続し、上記フラスコは加
熱浴槽の加温水に浸してあり、 上記フラスコの外部に、光束を投射する投光器と一定の
受光範囲を有する受光器とを、上記投光器から投射され
る投光束の上記フラスコ内灘面からの反射光束が上記受
光器の受光範囲（こ入射するように配設し、上記反射光
束が受光範囲にあるか否かを受光器で感知して信号を発
信するようＯこし、上記反射光束が上記受光範囲外にな
ったとき上記受光器からの信号で上記試料液供給管に接
続した電磁弁を開閉して上記試料液のフラスコ内への供
給を停止し又は開始して該フラスコ内を一定液位（こ保
つようにした、 回転式真空蒸留装置。[Claims] 1. The open end of the concentrating flask is connected to the open front end of the hollow heat exchange cylinder in a freely rotatable and airtight manner in communication with the heat exchange cylinder, and the inside of the heat exchange cylinder is connected to the heat exchange cylinder. A cooling means for cooling the sample liquid is provided, and a sample liquid supply pipe connected to the sample liquid supply tube for supplying the sample liquid in the tank passes through the heat exchange cylinder and opens into the flask. An aspirator that maintains negative pressure inside the cylinder and flask and sucks out the distilled liquid in the heat exchange cylinder is connected to the heat exchange cylinder, and the flask is immersed in heated water in a heating bath. A light emitter for projecting a light beam and a light receiver having a certain light receiving range are arranged so that the light flux reflected from the inner surface of the flask of the light projected from the light emitter enters the light receiving range of the light receiver. , a light receiver detects whether or not the reflected light flux is within the light receiving range and transmits a signal, and when the reflected light flux is outside the light receiving range, the sample liquid is supplied by a signal from the light receiver. A rotary vacuum distillation apparatus in which a solenoid valve connected to a pipe is opened and closed to stop or start supplying the sample liquid into the flask to maintain a constant liquid level in the flask.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52010440A JPS5823121B2 (en) | 1977-02-01 | 1977-02-01 | Rotary vacuum distillation equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52010440A JPS5823121B2 (en) | 1977-02-01 | 1977-02-01 | Rotary vacuum distillation equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5395668A JPS5395668A (en) | 1978-08-22 |
| JPS5823121B2 true JPS5823121B2 (en) | 1983-05-13 |
Family
ID=11750204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52010440A Expired JPS5823121B2 (en) | 1977-02-01 | 1977-02-01 | Rotary vacuum distillation equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5823121B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10888747B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2021-01-12 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
| US11045694B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2021-06-29 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
| US11130026B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2021-09-28 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5936801U (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1984-03-08 | 西部石油株式会社 | Evaporator |
| SG174567A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-10-28 | Univ Nanyang Tech | Apparatus and method for detection of organisms |
| JP2020131057A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-08-31 | 東京理化器械株式会社 | Rotary evaporator |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50868A (en) * | 1973-05-01 | 1975-01-07 |
-
1977
- 1977-02-01 JP JP52010440A patent/JPS5823121B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50868A (en) * | 1973-05-01 | 1975-01-07 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10888747B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2021-01-12 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
| US11045694B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2021-06-29 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
| US11130026B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2021-09-28 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
| US11465019B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2022-10-11 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
| US11633651B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2023-04-25 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Aerodynamic golf club head |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5395668A (en) | 1978-08-22 |
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