JPS5819187A - Control circuit for motor - Google Patents
Control circuit for motorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5819187A JPS5819187A JP56118237A JP11823781A JPS5819187A JP S5819187 A JPS5819187 A JP S5819187A JP 56118237 A JP56118237 A JP 56118237A JP 11823781 A JP11823781 A JP 11823781A JP S5819187 A JPS5819187 A JP S5819187A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- output
- command generation
- generation circuit
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
- H02P2201/03—AC-DC converter stage controlled to provide a defined DC link voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/047—V/F converter, wherein the voltage is controlled proportionally with the frequency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明はポンプ、ファン等の所要トルクが周波数の２
乗に比例するいわゆる２乗トルク負荷用電動機の制御回
路に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention provides that the required torque of pumps, fans, etc.
This invention relates to a control circuit for a so-called square torque load electric motor that is proportional to the power of the square torque.
一般に、ｌンプ、ファン等の風水量制御装置などの２乗
トルク特性を有する負荷を駆動する電動機゛の回転数制
御を行う場合電圧Ｖと周波数Ｆとの関係は、他の定トル
ク負荷がｖ／１ ＝一定としているのに対し、Ｖ＝ＫＦ
′Ｔ！（Ｋは常数）に比例させるようにしている。この
理由はこの種の負荷用電動機の回転数が低いときには負
荷トルクが低く、−を一定にすると軽負荷となり、力率
が悪化し、電流があまり減少せず、効率が低下するため
である。In general, when controlling the rotation speed of an electric motor that drives a load with square torque characteristics, such as a wind/shui volume control device such as a pump or fan, the relationship between voltage V and frequency F is as follows: /1 = constant, while V=KF
'T! (K is a constant). The reason for this is that when the rotational speed of this type of load motor is low, the load torque is low, and if - is kept constant, the load becomes light, the power factor worsens, the current does not decrease much, and the efficiency decreases.
ところが、電動機回転数が低い場合に例えば。However, when the motor rotation speed is low, for example.
Ｖ＝ＫＦ ７の関係にて電動機を定速運転するに際して
は、高力率運転が期待できるが、加減速時とりわ、け急
加速時には十分な加減速トルクが得られない欠点がある
。When operating the electric motor at a constant speed with the relationship V=KF 7, high power factor operation can be expected, but there is a drawback that sufficient acceleration/deceleration torque cannot be obtained during acceleration/deceleration, especially during sudden acceleration.
本発明の目的は２乗トルク負荷を駆動する電動機の定速
運転時と加減速運転時とで、それぞれに適した周波数−
電圧特性を自動的にもたらし、低速運転時の高効率と、
゛加減速時における高トルクを維持することにある。The object of the present invention is to set a frequency that is suitable for each of constant speed operation and acceleration/deceleration operation of an electric motor that drives a square torque load.
Automatically brings voltage characteristics, high efficiency during low speed operation,
``The purpose is to maintain high torque during acceleration and deceleration.
以下、図示する実施例につψて具体的に説明する。第１
図はこの発明を適用する基本構成回路で、同図中ｌは交
流電源、２はコンノ（−夕で、上記交流電源１より電力
を得て、可変直流電圧を出力する。、８けインバータで
、上記コンバータ２からの出力を直流リアクトル４にて
電流を平滑したうえ人力し、交流出力を負荷用電動機５
に与える。The illustrated embodiment will be specifically described below. 1st
The figure shows a basic configuration circuit to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, 1 is an AC power supply, 2 is a converter (-), which obtains power from the AC power supply 1 and outputs a variable DC voltage. It is an 8-digit inverter. , the output from the converter 2 is smoothed by a DC reactor 4 and then manually powered, and the AC output is sent to a load motor 5.
give to
６は設定器で、その出力はランプ関数発生器？及び電圧
指令切替器８に与えられる。そして、上記ランプ関数発
生器７からの出力は電圧指令切替器８及び発振器９に供
給される。ｌＯは電圧制御回路で、電圧指令切替器８よ
り、ランプ関数発生器７０人出力の大小に応じて異なる
端子に入力を受けるとともに電圧帰還信号を受ける。こ
の電圧帰還信号はインバータ８の出力を変圧器１１
及びダイオード１２ を介して得られる。１８ は
電流制御回路で、コンバータ２への入力電流を、変流器
１４、ダイオード１５ により検出して、電圧制御回
路ｌＯの出力との比較のもとにマイナループを構成する
。6 is a setting device and its output is a ramp function generator? and is given to the voltage command switch 8. The output from the ramp function generator 7 is supplied to a voltage command switch 8 and an oscillator 9. IO is a voltage control circuit that receives input from the voltage command switch 8 to different terminals depending on the magnitude of the output of the ramp function generator 70, and also receives a voltage feedback signal. This voltage feedback signal converts the output of inverter 8 to transformer 11.
and diode 12. A current control circuit 18 detects the input current to the converter 2 using a current transformer 14 and a diode 15, and forms a minor loop based on comparison with the output of the voltage control circuit IO.
１６ はパルス分配器で、発振器９からのパルス信号
を受け、順次インバータ８中のサイリスタの点弧制御を
なす。第２図社第１図における要部詳細図で、ランプ関
数発生器７は抵抗器Ｒ１〜Ｒ５、ダイオードプリツどＤ
ｌ、コンデンサＣ１、及び演算増幅器ｏｐ１． ｏｐ２
を図示の通りに接続して構成される。16 is a pulse distributor which receives pulse signals from the oscillator 9 and sequentially controls firing of the thyristors in the inverter 8. Figure 2 is a detailed diagram of the main parts in Figure 1 of the company, and the ramp function generator 7 includes resistors R1 to R5, diode pritz, etc.
l, capacitor C1, and operational amplifier op1. op2
It is constructed by connecting as shown in the diagram.
次に電圧指令切替器８は、検出回路８ａ、及び指令発生
回路８ｂ、８Ｃから構成され、検出回路８ａ け抵抗
器Ｒ６〜Ｒ９、ダイオードＤ２、Ｄ６、演算増幅器ｏｐ
。Next, the voltage command switch 8 is composed of a detection circuit 8a and command generation circuits 8b and 8C, and includes resistors R6 to R9, diodes D2 and D6, and operational amplifier op
.
、ｏｐ、 を図示の接続にて構成される。また、指令
発生回路８ｂ は抵抗器Ｒ１ｏ〜Ｒ１５、ダイオード
Ｄａ。, op, are configured by the connections shown. Further, the command generation circuit 8b includes resistors R1o to R15 and a diode Da.
Ｄ５、ツェナーダイオード２１、ｚ２、トランジスタで
１、演算増幅器ＯＰ５を図示の通りに接続して構成され
。D5, Zener diode 21, z2, transistor 1, and operational amplifier OP5 are connected as shown.
もう一つの指令発生回路８Ｃは抵抗器Ｒ，６〜Ｒ２Ｑ。Another command generation circuit 8C includes resistors R, 6 to R2Q.
ダイオードＤ６〜Ｄ８、トランジスタＴ２、及び演算増
幅器ｏｐ６を図示の通りに接続して構成される。It is constructed by connecting diodes D6 to D8, transistor T2, and operational amplifier op6 as shown.
そして、ランプ関数発生器７と、電圧指令切替器８を構
成する検出回路８ａ 、及び指令発生回路８ｂ。A ramp function generator 7, a detection circuit 8a and a command generation circuit 8b forming the voltage command switch 8.
８Ｃ相互間は図示の通りの接続をなしている。8C are connected to each other as shown in the figure.
Ｆ記構成において、まず、設定器６より図示の極性にて
一定レベルの信号が供給されると、ランプ関数発生器７
からは図示の極性にて一定の公配を有して立りつでいく
。即↓この立上り過程においてはランプ関数の人力の絶
対値が出力の絶対値より大で、電動機は加速状態となり
、検出回路８ａ中の演算増幅器ＯＰ５、ｏｐ４がそれぞ
れ負及び正に飽和する。従って、指令発生回路８ｂ、中
のトランジスタで１ は閉路状態となって指令発生回
路８ｂ よりの出力の供給の余地なく、指令発生回路
８ｃ 中のトランジスタＴ２は開路状態となり、指令
発生回路８Ｃの出力Ｓ２が供給される。この出ｉ＝、（
＋８２は−ンノ
回路中の素子の定数により入力に対し一定のレベルを有
し、周波数−電圧特性として第８図■に示す比例特性を
有している。In the configuration shown in F, first, when a signal of a constant level with the polarity shown in the figure is supplied from the setting device 6, the ramp function generator 7
From then on, the polarity shown in the diagram is maintained with a certain degree of distribution. Immediately ↓ In this rising process, the absolute value of the human power of the ramp function is greater than the absolute value of the output, the motor is in an accelerated state, and the operational amplifiers OP5 and op4 in the detection circuit 8a are negatively and positively saturated, respectively. Therefore, the transistor T1 in the command generation circuit 8b is in a closed circuit state, leaving no room for supplying the output from the command generation circuit 8b, and the transistor T2 in the command generation circuit 8c is in an open circuit state, and the output of the command generation circuit 8C is S2 is supplied. This output i=, (
+82 has a constant level with respect to the input due to the constants of the elements in the negative circuit, and has a proportional characteristic shown in FIG. 8 as a frequency-voltage characteristic.
さ）て、上記の動作に基づき第８図■の特性にてランプ
関数発生器の立上り終了に際して入出力の絶対値が等し
くなったときは検出回路８ａ の各演算増幅！ｔｉ！
ＯＰｓ、ｏｐ４の飽和が解かれ、出力が０となる。これ
に伴って、指令発生回路８Ｃ中のトランジスタＴ２ の
ベース電位が上昇して当該トランジスタＴ２は閉路する
。一方、指令発生回路８ｂ中のトランジスタＴ１はその
ベース電位が下降することにより開路する。従って、こ
の検出回路８ａの出力の消失時点より指令発生回路８Ｃ
からの信号Ｓ２ が消失し、指令発生回路８ｂＴｏλら
信号Ｓ１ が供給される。この信号Ｓ、は設定器６私
らの出力レベル、即ちランプ関数発生器７の出力レベル
に応じてツェナーダイオードｚ１、ｚ２の各ツェナー電
圧を適当に設定することにより周波数Ｆ’（設定器６の
出力に比例する）と出力電圧Ｖとの関係が、２乗トルク
特性にて高効率を得るためのＶ：ＫＦΣに近似する特性
とする。Based on the above operation, when the absolute values of the input and output become equal at the end of the rise of the ramp function generator according to the characteristics shown in Fig. 8, each operational amplifier of the detection circuit 8a! Ti!
The saturation of OPs and op4 is released and the output becomes 0. Along with this, the base potential of the transistor T2 in the command generation circuit 8C rises, and the transistor T2 is closed. On the other hand, the transistor T1 in the command generation circuit 8b is opened as its base potential drops. Therefore, from the time when the output of this detection circuit 8a disappears, the command generation circuit 8C
The signal S2 from the command generation circuit 8bToλ disappears, and the signal S1 is supplied from the command generation circuit 8bToλ. This signal S is set to the frequency F' (of the setter 6) by appropriately setting each Zener voltage of the Zener diodes z1 and z2 according to the output level of the setter 6, that is, the output level of the ramp function generator 7. (proportional to the output) and the output voltage V has a characteristic that approximates V:KFΣ in order to obtain high efficiency with square torque characteristics.
つまり、第８図＠に示すようにツェナーダイオードｚ、
、ｚ２の各ツェナー電圧ｖｚ１、ｖｚ２で定まる２つの
変曲点Ｘ１．ｘ２を有する曲線特性にて上記式Ｖ＝ＫＦ
４に近似特性を得る。上記変曲点がＸ２はツェナーダイ
オード及びこれに接続される特定の抵抗器を有する抵抗
器をより多く設けることにより増加させることができよ
りＶ＝ＫＦ’２に特性に近づけることはできる。In other words, as shown in Figure 8 @, the Zener diode z,
, z2 at two inflection points X1 . With the curve characteristic having x2, the above formula V=KF
4 to obtain approximate characteristics. The above-mentioned inflection point X2 can be increased by providing more Zener diodes and resistors having a specific resistor connected thereto, and the characteristic can be brought closer to V=KF'2.
次に定速運転状態にて駆動されて−る負荷用電動機５が
加減速制御を受けるときは、上記電１１１機始動時の原
理と全く同様にして指令発生回路８ｂ、８Ｃのうち指令
発生回路８Ｃのみが動↓すべく検出回路８ａが動作し、
第８図特性Φに基づいて電動機５が制御される。なお、
コンバータ２、インバータａと仁れらの動作を行う電圧
制御回路ｌＯ１電流制御回路１Ｂ、発振器９、パルス分
配器１６ 等の動作については周知であるので省略す
る。Next, when the load electric motor 5 driven in a constant speed operation state is subjected to acceleration/deceleration control, the command generation circuit among the command generation circuits 8b and 8C is The detection circuit 8a operates so that only 8C operates,
The electric motor 5 is controlled based on the characteristic Φ shown in FIG. In addition,
The operations of the converter 2, the voltage control circuit 1O1, the current control circuit 1B, the oscillator 9, the pulse distributor 16, etc. that operate the converter 2, the inverter a, and the like are well known and will therefore be omitted.
以上述べたようにこの発明に係る電動機の制御回路はコ
ンバータ及びインバータ中のサイリスタを設定器の指令
に基づいて電圧及び周波数を制御する基本回路構成にお
いて、設定器からの信号をランプ関数状に変化させるラ
ンプ関数発生器の入出力信号の比較のもとに負荷用電動
機の定速又位加逮状態を検知する検出回路、当該検出回
路からの指令によって定速運転時にｈ Ｖ／Ｐ一定を規
制する指令発生回路、及び加減速運転時には電動機運転
効率を高める特性（２乗トルク負荷特性であるときｔｆ
ｉＶ＝ＫＦｌ）に近似する特性に規制する指令発生回路
からなる電圧指令切替器を備える。かかる構成に基づい
ての負荷用電動機の始動時を含む加減連中は電動機を定
トルク特性とし、通常の加減速中以外の定速運転時は高
効率運転を期待できる。As described above, the electric motor control circuit according to the present invention has a basic circuit configuration that controls the voltage and frequency of the thyristor in the converter and inverter based on commands from the setting device, and changes the signal from the setting device in a ramp function shape. A detection circuit detects the constant speed or acceleration state of the load motor based on the comparison of the input and output signals of the ramp function generator, and the command from the detection circuit regulates hV/P constant during constant speed operation. a command generation circuit to
The voltage command switching device is equipped with a voltage command switching device consisting of a command generation circuit that regulates the characteristics to approximate iV=KFl). Based on this configuration, the motor has a constant torque characteristic during the adjustment and subtraction operations including the time of starting the load motor, and high efficiency operation can be expected during constant speed operation other than during normal acceleration and deceleration.
■加減連中のみ定トルク特性とすることができるので加
減速時間を短縮し、応答性の向上をＦｉかれることなら
びに加減速中の脱調を防止することができる。■通常の
定速運転中ＩｆｉＶ／Ｆ’特性を第８図＠の特性のよう
にするので高効率運転となり負荷用電動機への電流も減
少し、効率低下も防止できる。また軽負荷時のトルクリ
ップル率も減少できる等の多くの優れた特長を有する。(2) Since only the acceleration/deceleration can be made constant torque characteristics, acceleration/deceleration time can be shortened, responsiveness can be improved, and step-out during acceleration/deceleration can be prevented. ■During normal constant speed operation, the IfiV/F' characteristics are made as shown in Figure 8 @, resulting in highly efficient operation, which reduces the current to the load motor and prevents a drop in efficiency. It also has many excellent features such as being able to reduce the torque ripple rate under light loads.
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図はこの発明に係る回路図、第２図は第１図の要部
詳細回路図、第８図は周波数−電圧特性図である。
２・・・・・ｅ・・・・・・コンバータ８・・・・・・
・・・・・・インバータ６・・・・・・・・・・・・負
荷用電動機６・・・・・・・・・・・・設定器
７・・・・・・・・・・・・ランプ関数発生器８・・・
・・・・・・・・・電圧指令切替器８ａ ・・・・・
・・・・検出回路
８Ｃ・・・・・・・・・第１の指令発生回路８ｂ ・
・・・・・・・・第２の指令発生回路出願人 神鋼電機
株式会社
代理人 弁理士 斎藤春弥
（BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a frequency-voltage characteristic diagram. 2...e...Converter 8...
......Inverter 6...Load motor 6...Setting device 7...・Ramp function generator 8...
......Voltage command switch 8a...
...Detection circuit 8C...First command generation circuit 8b ・
...Second command generation circuit applicant Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. agent Patent attorney Haruya Saito (
Claims (1)
れる信号を基にコンバータ及びインノ櫂−夕を制御し、
て負荷用電動機の駆動制御をなす回路構成において、始
動時を含む加減速時には電圧Ｖ−周波数Ｆの関係がＶ／
′Ｆ＝一定となる第１の指令発生回路、定速運転時には
電圧Ｖ−周波数Ｆの関係を電動機効率を高める関係とす
る第２の指令発生回路、及び上記ランプ関数発生器の入
出力の絶対値レベルが異なるときけ上記第、１；の指令
発生回路のみを動作させ上記ランプ関数発生器の入出力
の絶対値レベルが等しいときは上記第２の指令発生回路
動作させる検出回路からなる電圧指令切替器を備えた電
動機の制御回路。 ２、第２の指令発生回路の電動機効率を高める関係を１
ないし複数のツェナーダイオードのツェナー特性を利用
し゛て近似的に得るようにした特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の電動機の制御装置。[Claims] Controlling the converter and the converter based on the signal from the first setting device via the ramp function generator;
In a circuit configuration that controls the drive of a load motor, the relationship between voltage V and frequency F is V/during acceleration and deceleration including startup.
' A first command generation circuit in which F=constant, a second command generation circuit in which the relationship between voltage V and frequency F is set to a relationship that increases motor efficiency during constant speed operation, and absolute input/output of the ramp function generator. A voltage command consisting of a detection circuit that operates only the first command generation circuit when the value levels are different, and operates the second command generation circuit when the absolute value levels of the input and output of the ramp function generator are equal. Electric motor control circuit equipped with a switching device. 2. The relationship that increases the motor efficiency of the second command generation circuit is expressed as 1.
2. The electric motor control device according to claim 1, wherein the control device is approximately obtained by utilizing Zener characteristics of at least a plurality of Zener diodes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56118237A JPS5819187A (en) | 1981-07-27 | 1981-07-27 | Control circuit for motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56118237A JPS5819187A (en) | 1981-07-27 | 1981-07-27 | Control circuit for motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5819187A true JPS5819187A (en) | 1983-02-04 |
Family
ID=14731622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56118237A Pending JPS5819187A (en) | 1981-07-27 | 1981-07-27 | Control circuit for motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5819187A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3444581A1 (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-06-20 | Dainippon Screen Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kyoto | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPENSATING A SHADOW PHENOMENON |
-
1981
- 1981-07-27 JP JP56118237A patent/JPS5819187A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3444581A1 (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-06-20 | Dainippon Screen Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kyoto | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPENSATING A SHADOW PHENOMENON |
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