JPS58174348A - Preparation of amines - Google Patents

Preparation of amines

Info

Publication number
JPS58174348A
JPS58174348A JP57057611A JP5761182A JPS58174348A JP S58174348 A JPS58174348 A JP S58174348A JP 57057611 A JP57057611 A JP 57057611A JP 5761182 A JP5761182 A JP 5761182A JP S58174348 A JPS58174348 A JP S58174348A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alcohol
catalyst
hydrogen
ammonia
amines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP57057611A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6348261B2 (en
Inventor
Kazuyuki Matsuoka
一之 松岡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daicel Corp
Original Assignee
Daicel Corp
Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daicel Corp, Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Daicel Corp
Priority to JP57057611A priority Critical patent/JPS58174348A/en
Publication of JPS58174348A publication Critical patent/JPS58174348A/en
Publication of JPS6348261B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6348261B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an amine useful as a raw material for agricultural chemicals and drugs in high yield, by subjecting an alcohol, ammonia and hydrogen to contact reaction in a gaseous phase in the presence of a specific catalyst having high performance at low temperature at normal pressure. CONSTITUTION:In subjecting an alcohol such as 2-5C saturated, unsaturated aliphatic alcohol, further alicyclic alcohol (e.g., ethyl alcohol, cyclopentyl alcohol), ammonia and hydrogen to contact reaction in a gaseous phase in the presence of a catalyst, a catalyst containing nickel atom in a metal state and at least one of each atom (e.g., magnesium nitrate) of magnesium, manganese, calcium and barium in a metal or oxide state is used as the catalyst. By this process, a high alcohol conversion is obtained at low reaction temperature, the yield is improved, and the formation ratio of a primary, secondary and tertiary amine is controlled easily.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はアルコール類を気相でアミン化して相当するア
ミン類を製造する方法に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for aminating alcohols in the gas phase to produce corresponding amines.

アミン類は農医薬等の原料として有用であり、その製造
法については文献が多数報告されており、  4工業的
には相当するアルコール、アルデヒド或いはケトンの(
還元的)アミン化による方法が多く採用されている。
Amines are useful as raw materials for agricultural medicines, etc., and there are many literature reports on their production methods.
Reductive) amination methods are often employed.

その中、アルコールを原料として用いた場合は対応する
アルデヒド、ケトンのそれの場合と比較して一般に反応
性が悪い。例えば、工業化学雑誌第65巻第1824百
〜第1830頁によれば、ニッケル/アルミナ触媒を用
いアセトンのアミン化の場合、反応温度110℃でアセ
トンの変化率294チでモノインプロピルアミンの選択
率100係を得ているが、原料としてイソプロピルアル
コールを用いた場合、同一の変化率を得るためには17
0℃の高温が必要であり、この場合、モノインプロピル
アミン選択率809%、ジイソプロピルアミン選択率8
41係となり、モノインプロピルアミン選択率が悪化す
る。また、特開昭56−166151によれば、ニッケ
ル/けいそう土触媒を用い、エチルアルコールのアミン
化によりエチルアミン@を製造しているが、反応温度1
70℃で反応圧力235 psig  の加圧下でエチ
ルアルコールの変化率が440チと悪い。
Among these, when alcohol is used as a raw material, the reactivity is generally lower than when using the corresponding aldehyde or ketone. For example, according to Industrial Chemistry Magazine, Vol. 65, pp. 1824-1830, in the case of amination of acetone using a nickel/alumina catalyst, monoinpropylamine was selected at a reaction temperature of 110°C and an acetone conversion rate of 294 cm. The rate of change is 100, but if isopropyl alcohol is used as the raw material, it would take 17 to get the same rate of change.
A high temperature of 0°C is required, in which case the monoinpropylamine selectivity is 809% and the diisopropylamine selectivity is 809%.
41, and the monoinpropylamine selectivity deteriorates. Furthermore, according to JP-A-56-166151, ethylamine@ is produced by amination of ethyl alcohol using a nickel/diatomaceous earth catalyst, but the reaction temperature is 1
The conversion rate of ethyl alcohol at 70° C. and a reaction pressure of 235 psig was as low as 440 degrees.

このように従来の方法では高い変化率を得るためには、
反応温度を高くする必要がある。しかしながら反応温度
が高いと金属ニッケルの結晶成長による活性低下、アミ
ン類の分解、更に生成する一級、二級、三級アミンの生
成比率が自由に調節できない等長(の問題があり、工業
的に満足できるものではない。゛ 本発♂d鋭意検討を重ねた結果、アルコール類のアミン
化に当り、従来のニッケル触媒に比較して、低い温度゛
で、しかも常圧下で高い性能を有する触媒力開発に成功
し、本発明に至った。
In this way, in order to obtain a high rate of change using conventional methods,
It is necessary to raise the reaction temperature. However, if the reaction temperature is high, the activity decreases due to the crystal growth of metallic nickel, the amines decompose, and the ratio of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines produced cannot be freely controlled. This is not a satisfactory result.As a result of extensive research, we have found that a catalytic force has been developed that has high performance in the amination of alcohols at lower temperatures and under normal pressure than conventional nickel catalysts. The development was successful and led to the present invention.

即ち、本発明は触媒の存在下、アルコール類、アンモニ
ア及び水素を気相で接触反応させるに際し、金属状態で
のニッケル原子と、金属或いは酸化物状態でのマグネシ
ウム、マンガン、カルシウム及びバリウムの各原子の少
なくとも一種とを含む触媒を使用することを特徴とする
アミン類の製造法である。
That is, in the present invention, when alcohols, ammonia, and hydrogen are catalytically reacted in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, nickel atoms in a metallic state and magnesium, manganese, calcium, and barium atoms in a metallic or oxide state are combined. A method for producing amines characterized by using a catalyst containing at least one of the following.

本発明の方法に従えば、低い反応温度で高いアルコール
の変化率が得られるため、単連収率が向上し、且つ一級
、二級、三級アミンの生成比率のコントロールがし易い
。しかも、この触媒は該反応条件、下で高い活性を長時
間維持できるので、工業的価値は大きい。
According to the method of the present invention, a high conversion rate of alcohol can be obtained at a low reaction temperature, so that the single continuous yield is improved and the production ratio of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines can be easily controlled. Moreover, this catalyst can maintain high activity for a long time under the reaction conditions, and therefore has great industrial value.

本発明に適用できる原料アルコールは炭素数2〜5個を
有する飽和又は不飽和の脂肪族、さらには脂環式アルコ
ールであり、例えばエチルアルコ−ル ール、フチルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール、アミ
ルアルコール、イソアミルアルコール、シクロペンチル
アルコール、アリルアルコールなどが挙げられる。
The raw material alcohol that can be applied to the present invention is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or alicyclic alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol, phthyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol. , cyclopentyl alcohol, allyl alcohol and the like.

本発明に使用される触媒成分はニッケル原子とマグネシ
ウム、カルシウム、マンガン及びバリウムの各原子の少
なくとも一種とを含んでおり、これ等の成分割合は主原
子ニッケル100重量部に対して、補助原子05〜40
重量部が適当である。
The catalyst component used in the present invention contains a nickel atom and at least one of magnesium, calcium, manganese, and barium atoms, and the ratio of these components is 0.5 parts by weight of auxiliary atoms to 100 parts by weight of the main nickel atom. ~40
Parts by weight are appropriate.

これ等の中、主原子は金属状態、そして補助原子は金属
或いは酸化物状態で使用される。さらに必要に応じて触
媒成分をけいそう±、シリカ、アルミナ等の担体に相持
又は混合して使用することができる。
Among these, the main atoms are used in a metallic state, and the auxiliary atoms are used in a metallic or oxide state. Further, if necessary, the catalyst component can be supported on or mixed with a carrier such as silica, silica, alumina, etc., and used.

触媒の調製は、例えば沈澱法では硝酸ニッケルとマグネ
シウム、カルシウム、マンガン及びバリウムの各原子の
少なくとも一種の硝酸塩との混合水溶液に必要ならば担
体を加え、これに炭酸ソーダ水溶液を加えて炭酸塩を沈
澱させ、この沈澱物をj」過、水洗、乾燥後成形する。
For example, in the precipitation method, the catalyst is prepared by adding a carrier if necessary to a mixed aqueous solution of nickel nitrate and at least one nitrate of magnesium, calcium, manganese, and barium atoms, and adding an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate to this to form a carbonate. The precipitate is filtered, washed with water, dried, and then molded.

ついで空気中で焼成後、さらに水素気流中で還元するこ
とによって行なわれる。また、これに限る)とはなく、
含浸法、、混練法などによっても調製される。
This is then carried out by firing in air and further reducing in a hydrogen stream. In addition, rather than (limited to)
It can also be prepared by impregnation method, kneading method, etc.

本発明の方法は次の通り実施される。アルコールは通常
、液空間速度003〜052/Hr−e−触媒で供給さ
れる。各原料の使用割合は任意に選ぶことができるが、
通常、水素/アンモニア/アルコールの混合比率はモル
比基準で1 / 1 / 1〜50/30/1の範囲で
ある。この混合比率が低いと二級アミン、三級アミンの
生成比率が増え、これが高いと一級アミンのそれが増え
る傾向にあるので、所望するアミン類に応じて適宜実験
によってこれを決定する必要がある。この中、過剰量(
未反応)の水素−アンモニヤ混合ガスは循環使用される
。さらには所望しない(副生)アミン類は全て所望する
アミン類の原料として使用できるので分離後再循環する
ことが有利である。
The method of the invention is carried out as follows. The alcohol is usually fed with a liquid hourly space velocity of 003-052/Hr-e-catalyst. The proportion of each raw material used can be chosen arbitrarily, but
Typically, the hydrogen/ammonia/alcohol mixing ratio is in the range of 1/1/1 to 50/30/1 on a molar ratio basis. If this mixing ratio is low, the production ratio of secondary amines and tertiary amines will increase, and if this ratio is high, the production ratio of primary amines will tend to increase, so it is necessary to determine this through experiments as appropriate depending on the desired amines. . Among these, the excess amount (
The unreacted hydrogen-ammonia mixed gas is recycled and used. Furthermore, since all undesired (by-product) amines can be used as raw materials for desired amines, it is advantageous to recycle them after separation.

反応温度は通常、90〜220℃の範囲である。The reaction temperature is usually in the range of 90 to 220°C.

この温度が低いと一級アミンの生成比率が増え、これが
高いと二級アミン、三級アミンのそれが増える傾向にあ
るので、所望するアミン類に応じて適宜実験によってこ
れを決定する必要がある。又これが低すぎると反応速度
が遅く、或いはアルコールの種類によっては気相を維持
できない等実用的でなく、これが高すぎるとアルコール
、アミンが分解する等、損失が大きいので好ましくない
When this temperature is low, the production ratio of primary amines increases, and when this temperature is high, the production ratio of secondary amines and tertiary amines tends to increase, so it is necessary to determine this by appropriate experiments depending on the desired amines. If this value is too low, the reaction rate is slow or the gas phase cannot be maintained depending on the type of alcohol, which is impractical. If this value is too high, alcohol and amine decompose, resulting in large losses, which is not preferable.

操作圧力は加圧にしても構わないが、常圧で充分行うこ
とができる。
The operation pressure may be increased, but normal pressure is sufficient.

次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

なおここで、アルコール変化率、−級アミン選択率、二
級アミン選択率及び三級アミン選択率は各々次式の通り
定義する。
Note that the alcohol conversion rate, -class amine selectivity, secondary amine selectivity, and tertiary amine selectivity are each defined as shown in the following formulas.

仕込アルコール(モル/Hr) 実施例−1 硝酸ニッケルN i (N03)2・6I(20247
9g及び硝酸マグネシウムMg(NO3)2・6)(2
Q47.8gを含有する水溶液に、けいそ5±37.3
 gを加え、これに炭酸ソーダを加えてコ1i体工に各
金属の炭酸塩を担持させ濃縮、乾燥後成型した。
Charged alcohol (mol/Hr) Example-1 Nickel nitrate Ni (N03)2.6I (20247
9g and magnesium nitrate Mg(NO3)2.6)(2
In an aqueous solution containing Q47.8g, Keiso5±37.3
Then, soda carbonate was added to the mixture to support the carbonate of each metal, which was then concentrated, dried, and then molded.

次いで、空気中300℃で焼成後、水素により還元して
触媒を得た。(沈澱法) 循環式反応管(実験用)に、上記触媒100 mlを充
填し、テスト使用に先立って、180°Cで再び水素で
還元した。水素−アンモニヤ混合ガスに同伴させて、イ
ソプロピルアルコールを液空間速度0.1 e/ ft
r −13−触媒で供給した。(N2/NH3/Alc
ohol−約12 /8 /1 (モル比基準))反応
ハ常圧下、温度110℃で行った。反応管を通過して来
た反応生成ガスは0℃で凝縮され、未凝縮ガスは、アン
モニア濃度が40容t%になるように、新水素と新アン
モニヤを供給(A節)し、60石/Hrの速度で反応器
へ循環される。得られた凝縮液をガスクロマトグラフ分
析値に基づき計算したところ、結果は次の通りであった
Next, the mixture was calcined in air at 300° C. and then reduced with hydrogen to obtain a catalyst. (Precipitation method) A circulating reaction tube (for experimental use) was filled with 100 ml of the above catalyst, and prior to test use, it was reduced again with hydrogen at 180°C. Isopropyl alcohol is entrained in a hydrogen-ammonia mixed gas at a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 e/ft.
r-13-catalyzed. (N2/NH3/Alc
ohol-about 12/8/1 (based on molar ratio)) The reaction was carried out under normal pressure and at a temperature of 110°C. The reaction product gas that has passed through the reaction tube is condensed at 0°C, and the uncondensed gas is supplied with fresh hydrogen and new ammonia so that the ammonia concentration is 40% by volume (section A). /Hr to the reactor. When the obtained condensate was calculated based on the gas chromatograph analysis values, the results were as follows.

イソプロピルアルコール変化率   930係モノイン
−プロピルアミン選択率   935係ジイングロピル
アミン選択率     63チ実施例−2〜6及び比較
例−1〜2 実施例−1において、第1表に示すデータを変更した以
外(反応温度、混合ガス循環量)、全く同一の条件で触
媒調製及び反応を行った。
Isopropyl alcohol conversion rate 930 monoin-propylamine selectivity 935 diingropylamine selectivity 63 Examples-2 to 6 and Comparative Examples-1 to 2 In Example-1, the data shown in Table 1 was changed. Catalyst preparation and reaction were carried out under exactly the same conditions except for the following (reaction temperature, amount of mixed gas circulation).

結果は第1表に示した。The results are shown in Table 1.

実施例−7〜11及び比較例−3 市販の還元ニッケル(N145係、Cu−Cr数%、残
りけいそう土)に、g2表に示す触媒成分の中、補助原
子をき浸させた。(含浸法)実施例−1において、上記
触媒を用い、反応温度を130℃にf更した以外、全く
同一の条件で反応を行った。結果は第2表に示した。
Examples 7 to 11 and Comparative Example 3 Commercially available reduced nickel (N145, Cu-Cr several %, remaining diatomaceous earth) was impregnated with auxiliary atoms among the catalyst components shown in Table G2. (Impregnation method) The reaction was carried out under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the above catalyst was used and the reaction temperature was changed to 130°C. The results are shown in Table 2.

実施ヒリー12〜14及び比軟例−4〜5実施例−1に
おいて、第3表に示すデータを変更した以外(アルコー
ルの種類、同液空間速度、反応器lψ、N2−NH3混
合ガス中のN H3濃度)、全く同一の条件で触媒調製
及び反応を行った。
Implementation Hilly 12 to 14 and Ratio Examples 4 to 5 In Example 1, except for changing the data shown in Table 3 (type of alcohol, space velocity of the same liquid, reactor lψ, N2-NH3 mixed gas (NH3 concentration), catalyst preparation and reaction were performed under exactly the same conditions.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1) 触媒の存在下、アルコール類、アンモニア及び水
素を気相で接触反応させるに際し、金属状態でのニッケ
ル原子と、金属或いは酸化物状態でのマグネシウム、マ
ンガン、カルシウム及びバリウムの各原子の少なくとも
一種とを含む触媒を使用することを特徴とするアミン類
の製造法。 2) アルコール類が炭素数2〜5個を有する飽和又は
不飽和の脂肪族、更には脂環式アルコールであることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。
[Claims] 1) When alcohols, ammonia and hydrogen are catalytically reacted in the gas phase in the presence of a catalyst, nickel atoms in a metallic state and magnesium, manganese, calcium and barium in a metallic or oxide state A method for producing amines, characterized by using a catalyst containing at least one of each atom. 2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or alicyclic alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
JP57057611A 1982-04-06 1982-04-06 Preparation of amines Granted JPS58174348A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57057611A JPS58174348A (en) 1982-04-06 1982-04-06 Preparation of amines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57057611A JPS58174348A (en) 1982-04-06 1982-04-06 Preparation of amines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58174348A true JPS58174348A (en) 1983-10-13
JPS6348261B2 JPS6348261B2 (en) 1988-09-28

Family

ID=13060652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57057611A Granted JPS58174348A (en) 1982-04-06 1982-04-06 Preparation of amines

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58174348A (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56108744A (en) * 1978-12-29 1981-08-28 Air Prod & Chem Manufacture of lower alkylamines

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56108744A (en) * 1978-12-29 1981-08-28 Air Prod & Chem Manufacture of lower alkylamines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6348261B2 (en) 1988-09-28

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