JPS5817074B2 - Landing and loading methods and equipment for cargo such as large containers - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は大型コンテナ等の貨物を隆揚げならびに船積み
するための方法および装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for lifting and loading cargo such as large containers.

最近、たとえば液化天然ガス等を収容した大型コンテナ
の如き貨物を船舶で輸送する機会が増えているが、その
ような場合、従来は大型の貨物の陸揚げおよび船積みの
ために特に大形のクレーン等の揚重設備を完備した埠頭
が必要であった。Recently, opportunities to transport cargo such as large containers containing liquefied natural gas, etc., by ship have increased, but in such cases, conventionally large cranes, etc. were used to unload and load large cargoes. A wharf equipped with lifting equipment was required.

そのため、揚重設備のない港湾等では大型貨物の陸揚げ
および船積みは不可能であり、このような揚重設備を設
けるとすれば、設備費が美大なものになる上に、特に大
型貨物の取扱い量が少ない場所では極めて不経済であり
、また貨物が液化天然ガスの如き危険物のときは、落下
管の事故を伴うおそれがあった。Therefore, it is impossible to unload and ship large cargo at ports without lifting equipment, and if such lifting equipment were to be installed, the equipment costs would be enormous, and it would be especially difficult for large cargo. This is extremely uneconomical in places where the amount handled is small, and if the cargo is a dangerous substance such as liquefied natural gas, there is a risk of a fall pipe accident.

本発明はかかる従来技術の欠点を解消するためになされ
たものであって、浮力を利用して貨物を陸揚げならびに
船積みすることにより、大容量の揚重設備を要すること
なく、低廉な建設費で、しかも小さな力で安全に貨物を
陸揚げならびに船積みできる方法および装置を提供する
ことを目的とするものである。The present invention has been made to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art, and by utilizing buoyancy to land and load cargo, large-capacity lifting equipment is not required and construction costs are low. The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for safely landing and loading cargo with a small amount of force.

以下、添付図面に示す実施例につき本発明をさらに説明
する。The invention will be further explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

第１図〜第４図は本発明の一実施例の構造および作業過
程を示し、本実施例では船１は大型コンテナ２を船倉３
内に収容して運搬するよう構成され、この船倉３は水密
構造のもので、該船倉３内に水を注入することにより大
型コンテナ２を浮上させうるようになっている。1 to 4 show the structure and work process of an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a ship 1 carries a large container 2 in a hold.
This hold 3 has a watertight structure, and the large container 2 can be floated by injecting water into the hold 3.

船１は船首側に大型コンテナ２の搬出入用の開閉可能な
ヒンジドア４を備え、また船１のレベルを固定するため
の上下動可能な脚５を備えている。The ship 1 is equipped with a hinged door 4 on the bow side that can be opened and closed for carrying in and out of a large container 2, and legs 5 that can be moved up and down to fix the level of the ship 1.

一方、船１が接岸する岸壁側には、海面６よりやや高い
位置において大型コンテナ２のための収納部７が水密な
収納部壁８で海に面していない側の三方向を囲うよう構
成され、さらにこの収納部壁８は海岸線に直角な部分を
海中に延長し、その延長部を下方に拡げると共に、その
両下端を平板部で連絡して底部を形成し、収納部壁８の
海側に延長した先端部が船１の船首部との連絡部９を構
成するようになっている。On the other hand, on the quay side where the ship 1 berths, a storage section 7 for the large container 2 is located at a position slightly higher than the sea level 6 and is surrounded by watertight storage section walls 8 on three sides on the side not facing the sea. Furthermore, this storage wall 8 extends a portion perpendicular to the coastline into the sea, expands the extended portion downward, and connects both lower ends with a flat plate to form a bottom. The distal end portion extending to the side constitutes a communication portion 9 with the bow portion of the ship 1.

この連絡部９と船１の船首部との外周部の三方にはシー
ル材１０が巻きつけられ、このシール材１０は第５図に
示すようにシール材取付用フック１０ａにより連絡部９
と船１に取り付けられる。A sealing material 10 is wound around three sides of the outer periphery between the connecting portion 9 and the bow of the ship 1, and this sealing material 10 is attached to the connecting portion by a sealing material attachment hook 10a as shown in FIG.
and attached to ship 1.

シール材１０は伸縮自在な材料により中空に形成され、
中空部に空気等の気体を送入することによって岸壁側の
収納部７の連絡部９と船１の船首部とを互いに水密にシ
ールすることができる。The sealing material 10 is formed hollow from a stretchable material,
By introducing gas such as air into the hollow part, the communication part 9 of the storage part 7 on the quay side and the bow part of the ship 1 can be sealed watertightly to each other.

次に、本実施例の作用につき順を追って説明するに、ま
ず第１図に示すように、船１の船首部を岸壁側の収納部
７の連絡部９に接近させ、船１と収納部７の中心線がほ
ぼ一直線状になり、かつシール材１０が船１の所定位置
に来るようにした後、脚５を海底１１に着くまで下げて
船１を固定する。Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained step by step. First, as shown in FIG. After making sure that the center lines of the legs 7 are almost in a straight line and the sealing material 10 is at a predetermined position on the ship 1, the legs 5 are lowered until they reach the seabed 11 and the ship 1 is fixed.

その後、適宜の注水手段（図示せず）で船１の船倉３内
に水を注入して大型コンテナ２を浮上させ、そのとき大
型コンテナ２を収納部７に浮上状態で移動させるのに十
分な水位１２になるようにする。Thereafter, water is injected into the hold 3 of the ship 1 using an appropriate water injection means (not shown) to float the large container 2, and at that time, water is sufficient to float the large container 2 to the storage section 7. Make sure the water level is 12.

そして、脚５を徐々に引き上げ、船１の船底が連絡部９
の底部と同一レベルになるまで船１を沈める。Then, gradually raise the leg 5 so that the bottom of the ship 1 is at the connecting part 9.
Sink ship 1 until it is level with the bottom of.

同一レベルに達した後、シール材１０に空気を送って空
気圧により膨張させ、第５，６、および７図に示すよう
にシール材１０を連絡部９と船１の船首部との周囲に密
着させ、連絡部９と船１とを互いに水密に連絡する。After reaching the same level, air is sent to the sealing material 10 to inflate it with air pressure, and as shown in FIGS. to connect the communication part 9 and the ship 1 with each other in a watertight manner.

この状態でさらに収納部７に注水し、収納部７内の水位
が船倉３内の水位１２と同じ水位に達したら、ヒンジド
ア４を開いて第２図に示す状態にする。In this state, water is further poured into the storage part 7, and when the water level in the storage part 7 reaches the same water level as the water level 12 in the hold 3, the hinged door 4 is opened to the state shown in FIG. 2.

そして大型コンテナ２をロープ等の適宜の移動手段（図
示せず）で引き、船倉３から第３図に示すように収納部
７内の所定位置まで移動させる。Then, the large container 2 is pulled by a suitable moving means (not shown) such as a rope and moved from the hold 3 to a predetermined position in the storage section 7 as shown in FIG.

その後、ヒンジドア４を閉じて収納部７から徐々に排水
し、大型コンテナ２が第４図のように収納部７の所定位
置に載置されたら、シール材１０の空気を抜いて船１と
連絡部９との水密連絡状態を解除すると共に、船倉３内
の水を排出し、脚５を引き上げて船１を収納部７の連絡
部９から引き離せば、大型コンテナ２の陸揚げは完了す
る。Thereafter, the hinged door 4 is closed and water is gradually drained from the storage area 7. When the large container 2 is placed in a predetermined position in the storage area 7 as shown in FIG. The unloading of the large container 2 is completed by releasing the watertight communication with the section 9, draining the water in the hold 3, and pulling up the legs 5 to separate the ship 1 from the communication section 9 of the storage section 7.

大型コンテナ２を船積みする場合には、上記とは逆の手
順で作業すれば、簡単かつ迅速に船積みできる。When loading the large container 2 on a ship, it can be loaded easily and quickly by performing the procedure in reverse to the above.

第８図〜第１０図は本発明の別の実施例の構造と作業過
程を示し、この実施例の場合、収納部７の連絡部９の幅
が船１の幅よりも広くなっており、また本実施例では船
１の脚５は船尾側にのみ設けであるので、連絡部９の底
部は船１の船首部を支えうるように十分な強度と支持力
を有するように構成されている。8 to 10 show the structure and working process of another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the width of the communication part 9 of the storage part 7 is wider than the width of the ship 1, Furthermore, in this embodiment, the legs 5 of the boat 1 are provided only on the stern side, so the bottom of the connecting portion 9 is configured to have sufficient strength and supporting power to support the bow of the boat 1. .

この場合、シール材１０は第１１図と第１２図に明示さ
れるように、連絡部９の内側にセットされ、連絡部９の
内壁面と船１の船首部の外周との間に位置して、連絡部
９と船１との水密連絡構造を構成する。In this case, as clearly shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the sealing material 10 is set inside the connecting portion 9 and is located between the inner wall surface of the connecting portion 9 and the outer periphery of the bow of the ship 1. Thus, a watertight communication structure between the communication section 9 and the ship 1 is constructed.

本実施例の作用は船１の船首部を収納部７の連絡部９内
の所定位置に引き入れた後は上記実施例の場合とほとん
ど同じであり、船１を所定のレベルにセットできたら、
シール材１０に空気を送って膨張させ、それにより第１
１図と第１２図に示すように船１と収納部７を互いに水
密にシールした状態で連絡して作業を行なう。The operation of this embodiment is almost the same as that of the above embodiment after the bow of the boat 1 is pulled into a predetermined position within the communication section 9 of the storage section 7, and once the boat 1 is set at a predetermined level,
Air is sent to the sealing material 10 to cause it to expand, thereby causing the first
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 12, the work is carried out by connecting the ship 1 and the storage section 7 in a watertightly sealed state.

第１３図〜第１４図は本発明のさらに他の実施例を示す
。FIGS. 13 and 14 show still another embodiment of the present invention.

本実施例では、船１の船首部の上部両側に陸側へ延長す
る支持部１３が設けられている。In this embodiment, support parts 13 are provided on both sides of the upper part of the bow of the ship 1 to extend toward the land side.

この支持部１３は海面６の潮位に合せて調節できる支持
台１４を介して収納部７の収納部壁８の上縁に乗せられ
、その先端部は撃留桿１５により収納部壁８に固定され
ている。This support part 13 is placed on the upper edge of the storage part wall 8 of the storage part 7 via a support stand 14 that can be adjusted according to the tide level of the sea surface 6, and its tip is fixed to the storage part wall 8 by a locking rod 15. has been done.

この場合、シール材１０は船１の船首部と収納部５の海
側の連絡部１６との間に配置され、脚５は船１の船尾側
にのみ設けられる。In this case, the sealing material 10 is arranged between the bow part of the ship 1 and the sea-side communication part 16 of the storage part 5, and the leg 5 is provided only on the stern side of the ship 1.

本実施例の作用については、船１を収納部７に接近させ
、両支持部１３を支持台１４を介して収納部壁８上に乗
せ、撃留桿１５によりシール材１０が船１の船首部と連
絡部１６との間に圧着されるように船１を陸側に引きつ
けて固定する。Regarding the operation of this embodiment, the ship 1 is brought close to the storage part 7, both support parts 13 are placed on the storage part wall 8 via the support stand 14, and the sealing material 10 is applied to the bow of the ship 1 by the holding rod 15. The ship 1 is attracted to the land side and fixed so as to be crimped between the connecting part and the connecting part 16.

その後、脚５を海底１１上に下げて、船倉内に水を注入
しても、また潮位が変化しても船１が水平に保たれるよ
う支持し、ヒンジドア４を開く。Thereafter, the legs 5 are lowered onto the seabed 11 to support the ship 1 so that it remains horizontal even when water is injected into the hold or the tide level changes, and the hinge door 4 is opened.

その他の作用は上記２つの実施例とほぼ同様である。Other operations are almost the same as those of the two embodiments described above.

第１６図は本発明のさらに他の実施例を示す。FIG. 16 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.

本実施例では、船１に油圧シリンダ１７により昇降可能
な船倉１８を搭載し、この中に大型コンテナ２を積んで
輸送する。In this embodiment, a ship 1 is equipped with a hold 18 that can be raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder 17, and a large container 2 is loaded therein and transported.

船１が接岸した後、岸壁側の収納部７の底面１９の高さ
に合わせ、油圧シリンダ１７を用いて船倉１８の高さを
上下方向に調整してから、撃留桿１５により、シール材
１０が船１の船首部と連絡部１６との間に圧着されるよ
うに船１を陸側に引きつけて固定する。After the ship 1 berths, the height of the hold 18 is adjusted vertically using the hydraulic cylinder 17 to match the height of the bottom surface 19 of the storage section 7 on the quay side, and then the sealing material is The ship 1 is attracted to the land side and fixed so that the connector 10 is crimped between the bow part of the ship 1 and the connecting part 16.

その後、昇降可能な船倉１８および収納部７内に注水し
、大型コンテナ２を浮上させ、収納部７内に移動させる
。Thereafter, water is poured into the liftable hold 18 and the storage section 7 to float the large container 2 and move it into the storage section 7.

この場合には、船倉１８内への注水量は比較的少いので
、船１を固定するための脚は必ずしも必要ではない。In this case, the amount of water injected into the hold 18 is relatively small, so the legs for fixing the ship 1 are not necessarily required.

以上のように、本発明によれば、大形クレーン等の大容
量の揚重設備を要することなく、如何なる場所でも低置
な建設費で、しかも小さな力で大型コンテナ等の貨物を
迅速かつ容易に、また安全確実に陸揚げおよび船積みで
き、貨物を沿岸の目的地に直送して配送することが可能
となり、極めて経済的である。As described above, according to the present invention, cargo such as large containers can be quickly and easily moved anywhere with low construction costs and with small force without requiring large-capacity lifting equipment such as large cranes. In addition, it is extremely economical, as it allows for safe and reliable landing and loading of cargo, and direct delivery of cargo to coastal destinations.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図〜第４図は本発明の一実施例の構造と作業過程を
示す説明図、第５図は第２図の平面図、第６図は第２図
のＡ−Ａ線断面図、第７図は第２図の水密連絡部の部分
断面図、第８図〜第１０図は本発明の別の実施例の構造
と作業過程を示す説明図、第１１図は第９図の平面図、
第１２図は第９図のＢ−Ｂ線断面図、第１３図は本発明
のさらに他の実施例を示す図、第１４図は第１３図の平
面図、第１５図は第１３図のＣ−Ｃ線断面図、第１６図
は本発明のさらに他の実施例を示す図である。 １・・・・・・船、２・・・・・・大型コンテナ、３，
１８・・・・・・船倉、４・・・・・土ンジドア、５・
・・・・・脚、６・・・・・・海面、７・・・・・・収
納部、８・・・・・・収納部壁、９・・・・・・連絡部
、１０・・・・・・シール材、１３・・・・・・支持部
、１７・・・・・・油圧シリンダ。1 to 4 are explanatory diagrams showing the structure and working process of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the watertight connection part in FIG. 2, FIGS. 8 to 10 are explanatory diagrams showing the structure and working process of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 9. figure,
12 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 9, FIG. 13 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG. 13, and FIG. 15 is a sectional view of FIG. 13. FIG. 16, a sectional view taken along the line C--C, is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention. 1... ship, 2... large container, 3,
18... Hold, 4... Earth door, 5...
... Legs, 6 ... Sea level, 7 ... Storage section, 8 ... Storage wall, 9 ... Communication section, 10 ... ... Seal material, 13 ... Support part, 17 ... Hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １ 大型コンテナ等の貨物を運搬する船と岸壁に設けた
貨物収納部とを互いに水密に連絡し、船倉内と貨物収納
部内とに注水してこれらを連通させ、船倉内に浮上した
貨物を船倉から貨物収納部に移動させて収納し、あるい
は貨物収納部から船倉内に移動させて船積みする大型コ
ンテナ等の貨物の陸揚げおよび船積み方法。 ２ 船の一部と岸壁の貨物収納部の一部との間をシール
材でシールして水密に連絡することを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第１項記載の陸揚げおよび船積み方法。 ３ 大型コンテナ等の貨物を収容する船倉を有し、一部
に貨物の搬出入部を備えた船と、貨物を収納するため岸
壁に設けられ、一部を海側に延長させて連絡部を形成し
た貨物収納部と、船の一部と貨物収納部の連絡部とを互
いに水密にシールするためのシール材と、船倉および貨
物収納部に注水するための注水手段と、貨物を船倉と貨
物収納部との間で移動させるための貨物移動手段とから
なる大型コンテナ等の貨物の陸揚げおよび船積み装置。 ４ シール材を船の一部と連絡部に巻きつけたことを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第３項記載の陸揚げおよび船積
み装置。 ５ シール材を船の一部と連絡部との間に配置したこと
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第３項記載の陸揚げおよび
船積み装置。 ６ 大型コンテナ等の貨物を収容する船倉を有する船と
、貨物を収納するため岸壁に設けた貨物収納部とからな
り、船倉と貨物収納部を水密に連絡し、船に取り付けた
昇降可能な脚を介して、海底、陸地、またはこれらの上
に構築された構造物、あるいは浮上体の上に船を支え、
あるいは海底、陸地、またはこれらの上に構築された構
造物の上に取り付けた昇降可能な脚により船の支持部を
介して船を支え、貨物の移動のために船倉内に注水しま
たは潮位が変動したときにも、船の吃水が変動するのを
抑止しまたは低減できるようにしたことを特徴とする大
型コンテナ等の貨物の陸揚げおよび船積み装置。 ７ 大型コンテナ等の貨物を収容する船倉を有する船と
、貨物を収納するため岸壁に設けた貨物収納部とからな
り、貨物収納部と水密に連絡され、注水される船倉を昇
降装置により昇降できるようにしたことを特徴とする大
型コンテナ等の貨物の陸揚げおよび船積み装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A ship that transports cargo such as large containers and a cargo storage section provided on a quay are watertightly connected to each other, water is injected into the cargo hold and the cargo storage section to communicate them, and the inside of the hold is A method for unloading and loading cargo such as large containers, in which cargo that floats to the surface is moved from the cargo hold to the cargo storage area for storage, or from the cargo storage area to the cargo hold for loading. 2. The landing and loading method according to claim 1, characterized in that a part of the ship and a part of the cargo storage section of the quay are sealed with a sealing material to provide watertight communication. 3. A ship with a hold for storing cargo such as large containers, and a part equipped with a loading/unloading section for cargo, and a ship built on a quay to store cargo, with a section extending toward the sea to form a communication section. a sealing material for watertightly sealing the cargo storage area between the ship and the cargo storage area; a water injection means for injecting water into the hold and the cargo storage area; A device for landing and loading cargo such as large containers, which consists of a cargo moving means for moving cargo to and from a large container. 4. The landing and shipping device according to claim 3, characterized in that a sealing material is wrapped around a part of the ship and a connecting part. 5. The landing and shipping device according to claim 3, characterized in that a sealing material is disposed between a part of the ship and the communication section. 6 A ship consisting of a ship with a hold for storing cargo such as large containers, and a cargo storage area installed on the quay to store the cargo.The ship's hold and cargo storage area are connected watertight, and liftable legs attached to the ship supports the ship on the seabed, on land, on structures built on these, or on floating objects,
or support the ship through the ship's supports by means of liftable legs mounted on the seabed, on land, or on structures built thereon, to inject water into the hold for the movement of cargo, or to A device for unloading and loading cargo such as large containers, characterized in that it is capable of suppressing or reducing fluctuations in the stuttering of a ship even when the water fluctuates. 7. Consisting of a ship with a hold for storing cargo such as large containers, and a cargo storage area installed on the quay for storing the cargo, the cargo storage area is connected watertightly and the water-injected hold can be raised and lowered by a lifting device. A loading and unloading device for cargo such as large containers, characterized by the following: