JPS58160714A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the radiating efficiency, and prevent the titled device from producing of carbon monoxide and odor by a method wherein a red-hot cylinder is provided at the upper part of a inner flame cylinder, and a movable damper which controls the amount of the air flow passing through a upper opening part of said red-hot cylinder is also provided. CONSTITUTION:A first red-hot cylinder 4 connected with the upper part of a outer flame cylinder 3, a light permeable outer cyliner 5 composed of a heat resistant and light permeable material such as a glass and the like, and metallic outer cylinder 6 etc. supporting said outer cylinder 5 are prepared. Then, a inner flame cylinder 2, said outer flame cylinder 3 and said metallic outer cylinder 6 are arranged in almost concentric manner, in order from inside to outside, by the appropriate means. Further, a interstructure plate 7 connected with said inner flame cylinder 2, a second red-hot cylinder 8, an upper cover 9 supporting said the second red-hot cylinder 8, and an air opening 11 are arranged. An air inlet 10 is provided between said inner flame cylinder 2 and the second red-hot cylinder 8. A movable damper 12 is connected with a outside burning adjusting mechanism by a connecting rod 13, accordingly, moved up and down.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は多数の小孔を有する内炎筒、外炎筒を有する複
筒型石油燃焼器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a twin-tube oil combustor having an inner flame tube and an outer flame tube having a large number of small holes.

多数の小孔を有する内炎筒、外炎筒によりて燃焼室を形
成し、その高温ガス流によって金網、パンチングメタル
、ラス等の赤熱体を加熱赤熱する石油燃焼器はポータプ
ル石油ストーブ等の家庭用暖房器として電源が不要、小
型軽量で移動が便利。An oil combustor that forms a combustion chamber with an inner flame cylinder and an outer flame cylinder with many small holes, and uses the high-temperature gas flow to heat a red-hot body such as a wire mesh, punched metal, or lath to a red glow, is used in households such as a portable oil stove. As a heater, it does not require a power source, and is small and lightweight, making it easy to move.

故障が少ない、輻射暖房で快適である等の多くの長所が
あり、家庭用暖房器の主流をしめている。It has many advantages such as being less likely to break down and providing comfort through radiant heating, making it the mainstream heater for home use.

そして、その燃焼筒は第１図に示す構成のものが多く使
われている。すなわち１は灯芯で、下端を図では省略し
ているが下部に設けられた燃料タンク中の燃料中に浸漬
し、上端を燃焼室中に露出している。２は多数の小孔を
有する内炎筒、３は多数の小孔を有する外炎筒であり、
前記内、外炎筒２，３との間隙で燃焼室を形成している
。４は外炎筒３の上に連設さｎ１ラス、パンチングメタ
ル、金網等よりなり、開口率が外炎筒３のそれより大き
い赤熱筒、６はガラス等耐熱性光透過物質よりなる外筒
、６は外筒６を保持する金属外筒、７は内炎筒２の上に
連設され空気孔を有する上蓋、８は上蓋７に固着された
整炎板である。The combustion tube often has the configuration shown in FIG. 1. That is, 1 is a lamp wick whose lower end is not shown in the figure, but is immersed in fuel in a fuel tank provided at the bottom, and whose upper end is exposed in the combustion chamber. 2 is an inner flame tube with many small holes, 3 is an outer flame tube with many small holes,
The gap between the inner and outer flame tubes 2 and 3 forms a combustion chamber. Reference numeral 4 denotes an incandescent tube that is connected to the outer flame tube 3 and is made of an n1 lath, punched metal, wire mesh, etc., and has a larger aperture ratio than that of the outer flame tube 3, and 6 is an outer tube made of a heat-resistant light-transmitting material such as glass. , 6 is a metal outer cylinder that holds the outer cylinder 6, 7 is an upper lid that is connected to the inner flame cylinder 2 and has air holes, and 8 is a flame regulating plate fixed to the upper lid 7.

上記構成において、定常の燃焼状態において灯芯１の先
端部より気化した燃料ガスは内炎筒２゜外炎筒３．赤熱
筒４の小孔および開口部より自然ドラフトにより供給さ
れる空気と混合し一部燃焼しながら最終上蓋アの空気孔
より供給される空気（２次空気）によって完全燃焼する
。この種の燃焼方式においては２次燃焼位置（２次空気
が供給される位置）に至るまでの空気供給（１次空気）
は極めて分散された状態ｃ内、外炎筒２，３の小孔から
供給されるため）で供給されるために燃焼室の下部では
未燃ガス成分が多く、上部になるにしたがい未燃ガス成
分が希薄になり、完全燃焼が困難になる。したがって適
度の未燃ガス成分を残した状態で空気を集中的に供給せ
しめ完全燃焼させる方法が用いられていた。しかしこの
方法においては２次燃焼によって得られる燃焼熱が赤熱
筒４の赤熱に関与しないだめに燃料の消費量に対する輻
射エネルギーの比率が低く輻射効率が悪い。In the above configuration, in a steady combustion state, the fuel gas vaporized from the tip of the wick 1 flows through the inner flame tube 2 degrees and the outer flame tube 3 degrees. It mixes with air supplied by natural draft through the small holes and openings of the incandescent cylinder 4, and while it partially burns, it is completely combusted by the air (secondary air) supplied from the air holes in the final upper lid. In this type of combustion method, air is supplied (primary air) up to the secondary combustion position (position where secondary air is supplied).
Since the gas is supplied from the small holes of the outer flame tubes 2 and 3 in an extremely dispersed state c), the lower part of the combustion chamber contains more unburned gas components, and the higher the part, the more unburned gas The ingredients become diluted, making complete combustion difficult. Therefore, a method has been used in which air is supplied intensively to achieve complete combustion while leaving a suitable amount of unburned gas components. However, in this method, the ratio of radiant energy to the amount of fuel consumed is low and the radiant efficiency is poor unless the combustion heat obtained by secondary combustion contributes to the red heat of the red-hot cylinder 4.

また灯芯１の露出高さを低くして燃料の気化量を減じて
も２次燃焼部の火炎が少なくなるだけで赤熱筒４の赤熱
状態にはほとんど変化がなく、使用者は燃焼音を低くし
ても視覚的にはほとんど低くならないためにさらに灯芯
１の露出高さを低くして使用するために空気過剰による
燃焼不良を生じ、−酸化炭素や臭気を発生する原因とな
っていた。Furthermore, even if the exposed height of the lamp wick 1 is lowered to reduce the amount of fuel vaporized, the flame in the secondary combustion section will only decrease, and there will be almost no change in the glowing state of the glowing cylinder 4, so the user can reduce the combustion noise. However, the exposed height of the lamp wick 1 is lowered and the exposed height of the lamp wick 1 is lowered, resulting in poor combustion due to excess air, which causes the generation of carbon oxides and odors.

本発明はこのような欠点を解消するもので輻射面積を広
くし輻射効率を高めるとともに、燃焼量の変化に応じて
赤熱温度を変化させることにより、−酸化炭素や臭気の
発生の少ない、まだ使用勝手のよい石油燃焼器を提供す
ることを目的とするもので・ある。The present invention solves these drawbacks by widening the radiant area and increasing the radiant efficiency, and by changing the red-hot temperature according to the change in combustion amount. The purpose is to provide a convenient oil burner.

この目的を達成するために本発明は内炎筒の上方に筒状
の赤熱筒を設けるとともに、この赤熱筒の上部開口部を
通過する気流の量を調整する可動ダンパを設けたもので
ある。In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a cylindrical glowing tube above the inner flame tube and a movable damper that adjusts the amount of airflow passing through the upper opening of the glowing tube.

この構成においては定常燃焼時に燃焼部で燃焼した高温
廃ガスと一部の燃焼炎は赤熱筒に接しながら上昇する過
程で上部赤熱筒を加熱することができる。可動ダンパで
上部赤熱筒の上部開口部を閉塞状態に近づけるにしたが
って燃焼筒に加わる流路抵抗が増加するためにドラフト
によって供給　　　　　　。In this configuration, the high-temperature waste gas and part of the combustion flame burned in the combustion section during steady combustion can heat the upper glowing cylinder in the process of rising while contacting the glowing cylinder. As the movable damper approaches the upper opening of the upper incandescent tube to a closed state, the flow resistance applied to the combustion tube increases, so it is supplied by a draft.

される空気量が減少し、燃焼量が低下するとともに高温
廃ガスの流れが赤熱筒から遠ざかるために赤熱温度が低
下し、燃焼量に応じて赤熱温度を変化させることができ
る。The amount of air being burned decreases, the amount of combustion decreases, and the flow of high-temperature waste gas moves away from the glowing cylinder, so the red-hot temperature decreases, making it possible to change the red-hot temperature in accordance with the amount of combustion.

以下本発明の一実施例を第２図を用いて説明する 第２図において１は図では省略しているが下部に設けら
れた燃料タンク中に下端を浸漬し、上端を燃焼室中に露
出している円筒状の灯芯、２は多数の小孔を有する円筒
状の内炎筒、３は多数の小孔を有する円筒状の外炎筒、
４はラス、バンチングメタル、金網等からなシ外炎筒３
の上に連設された第１の赤熱筒、６はガラス等の耐熱性
光透過物質よりなる光透過外筒、６は外筒６を保持する
金属外筒で、内炎筒２、外炎筒３、金属外筒６は適当な
方法で内側より外側にほぼ同心状に保持されている。７
は内炎筒２に連設された隔離板、唱はラス、パンチング
メタル、金網等からなる第２の赤熱筒、９は第２の赤熱
筒８を保持する上蓋で、空気孔１１を有している。１ｏ
は内炎筒２と第うの赤熱筒８の間に設けられた空気口（
２次空気口）である。１２は可動ダンパで、外部の燃焼
量調節機構と連結棒１３で結ばれ、上下に可動できる。An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to Fig. 2. In Fig. 2, 1 is omitted in the figure, but the lower end is immersed in the fuel tank provided at the lower part, and the upper end is exposed in the combustion chamber. 2 is a cylindrical inner flame tube with many small holes, 3 is a cylindrical outer flame tube with many small holes,
4 is an outer flame tube 3 made of lath, bunching metal, wire mesh, etc.
6 is a light-transmitting outer cylinder made of a heat-resistant light-transmitting material such as glass; 6 is a metal outer cylinder that holds the outer cylinder 6; The cylinder 3 and the metal outer cylinder 6 are held approximately concentrically from the inside to the outside by a suitable method. 7
9 is a separator plate connected to the inner flame cylinder 2, 9 is a second glowing cylinder made of lath, punched metal, wire mesh, etc., and 9 is an upper lid that holds the second glowing cylinder 8, and has an air hole 11. ing. 1o
is an air port (
secondary air vent). Reference numeral 12 denotes a movable damper, which is connected to an external combustion amount adjustment mechanism by a connecting rod 13 and can be moved up and down.

上記構成において、灯芯１の先端に点火するとその燃焼
熱および内炎筒２．外炎筒３の下部の小孔より自然ドラ
フトによって供給式れる空気流によって燃料が気化し、
内炎筒２．外炎簡３の全小孔および下部赤熱筒４の開口
部より供給される空気と混合しながら燃焼する。この場
合燃料の気化量は気化面の温度と気化面近傍の燃料ガス
分圧に相関し、気化面の温度が一定であれば気化面近傍
に供給する空気量にほぼ比例した気化量が得られる。し
かるに気化面の近傍に多量の空気を供給することにより
燃料ガスの分圧が低下し灯芯表面からの気化量は増加し
、逆に少量の空気を供給すれば燃料ガスの分圧が高くな
り気化量は抑制される。In the above configuration, when the tip of the lamp wick 1 is ignited, the combustion heat and the inner flame tube 2. The fuel is vaporized by the air flow supplied by natural draft from the small hole at the bottom of the outer flame tube 3.
Inner flame tube 2. It burns while mixing with air supplied from all the small holes of the outer flame lamp 3 and the opening of the lower glowing cylinder 4. In this case, the amount of fuel vaporized is correlated to the temperature of the vaporization surface and the fuel gas partial pressure near the vaporization surface, and if the temperature of the vaporization surface is constant, the amount of vaporization is approximately proportional to the amount of air supplied near the vaporization surface. . However, by supplying a large amount of air near the vaporization surface, the partial pressure of the fuel gas decreases and the amount of vaporization from the wick surface increases.On the other hand, if a small amount of air is supplied, the partial pressure of the fuel gas increases and vaporization occurs. quantity is suppressed.

したがって灯芯１の近傍の内炎筒２．外炎簡３の下部の
小孔に生ずる気孔燃焼を安定した形で形成することに工
り灯芯１に与える熱電は一定にできるため灯芯１温度は
一定になり、灯芯１近傍に供給する空気量を変化させる
だけで自動的に空気量にほぼ比例した気化量が得られる
。この構成においては前記気化用空気量と燃焼用空気（
内炎筒２外炎簡３の小孔、および第１の赤熱筒４の開口
部より供給δれる空気、および２次空気）の量は比例的
に変化するために燃料と空気の比率（空気過剰率）は一
定になり、広い燃焼量の範囲で良好な燃焼状態を得るこ
とができる。Therefore, the inner flame tube 2 in the vicinity of the lamp wick 1. By stably forming the pore combustion that occurs in the small pores at the bottom of the outer flame lamp 3, the thermoelectricity applied to the lamp wick 1 can be kept constant, so the temperature of the lamp wick 1 becomes constant, and the amount of air supplied to the vicinity of the lamp wick 1. By simply changing the amount of air, you can automatically obtain the amount of vaporization that is approximately proportional to the amount of air. In this configuration, the amount of vaporizing air and the combustion air (
Since the amount of air supplied from the small holes of the inner flame tube 2, the outer flame tube 3, and the opening of the first glowing tube 4 (and secondary air) changes proportionally, the ratio of fuel to air (air (excess ratio) becomes constant, and good combustion conditions can be obtained over a wide combustion amount range.

次に、第１の燃焼筒４と内炎筒２の間の燃焼室内での燃
焼による燃焼熱で第１の燃焼筒４を赤熱せしめ、残った
未燃ガスは最終２１次空気口１１より供給される空気と
混合、燃焼しその高温排ガスは第２の赤熱筒８と外筒５
の間隙を上昇するが、第３図に示すごとく可動ダンパ１
２が上方にあって開放状態にある場合は高温排ガス流は
第２の赤熱筒８にほぼそって上昇し、最終第２の赤熱筒
８上部の開口部および上蓋９に設けられた空気孔１１よ
り外部に放出でれる。したがって第２の赤熱筒８は全曲
がほぼ均一に赤熱される０次に第４図に示すごとく可動
ダンパ１２を下降し、第２の赤熱筒８上部を閉塞状態に
した場合には排ガス流の出口が空気口１１のみになるた
めに燃焼筒の圧損失が増加し、ドラフト力が低下するこ
とにより、空気供給量が減少し、前述のように気化量が
抑制８れ、燃焼量が低下するとともに、高温の排ガス流
は、第２の赤熱筒８より離れた位置を上昇する。Next, the first combustion tube 4 is made red hot by the combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber between the first combustion tube 4 and the inner flame tube 2, and the remaining unburned gas is supplied from the final 21st air port 11. The high-temperature exhaust gas that is mixed with the air that is
As shown in Fig. 3, the movable damper 1
2 is located above and in the open state, the high-temperature exhaust gas flow rises almost along the second glowing tube 8, and finally reaches the opening at the top of the second glowing tube 8 and the air hole 11 provided in the top cover 9. More can be released to the outside. Therefore, when the second incandescent tube 8 is moved down the movable damper 12 as shown in FIG. Since the only outlet is the air port 11, the pressure loss of the combustion cylinder increases, the draft force decreases, the air supply amount decreases, the amount of vaporization is suppressed8 as mentioned above, and the amount of combustion decreases. At the same time, the high-temperature exhaust gas stream rises at a position away from the second glowing tube 8.

したがって第２の赤熱筒８の赤熱温度は大幅に低下する
とともに、高温排ガス流に含まれた燃焼炎が低温の第２
の赤熱筒８に接触しにくいために火炎の冷却による一酸
化炭素等の発生も少ない。Therefore, the red-hot temperature of the second red-hot cylinder 8 is significantly lowered, and the combustion flame contained in the high-temperature exhaust gas flow is transferred to the low-temperature second cylinder 8.
Because it is difficult for the flame to come into contact with the red-hot cylinder 8, less carbon monoxide is generated due to the cooling of the flame.

以上の説明から明らかなように本発明の石油燃焼器は内
炎筒と第２の赤熱筒の間に２次空気［コを設けることと
、第２の赤熱筒上端の開口部の開口面積を可変するダン
パ機構を設けることによって、■　２次燃焼の燃焼熱で
第２の赤熱筒を加熱赤熱きせるために、赤熱面積が太き
くなり、輻射効率が高い。As is clear from the above description, the oil combustor of the present invention includes the provision of secondary air between the inner flame cylinder and the second glowing cylinder, and the opening area of the opening at the upper end of the second glowing cylinder. By providing a variable damper mechanism, (1) the combustion heat of the secondary combustion heats the second incandescent tube, so the incandescent area becomes large and the radiation efficiency is high;

■　燃焼量に応じて第２の赤熱筒の赤熱温度が太きく変
化するために、視覚的な燃焼量変化が明１Ｋｆｉ、ｂ・
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　９■
　上記■によって使用下限（有害ガス発生の限界）の燃
焼量が外観で選択できる。■ Since the red-hot temperature of the second red-hot cylinder changes sharply according to the amount of combustion, the visual change in the amount of combustion is clearly 1Kfi, b.
9■
The combustion amount at the lower limit of use (limit of harmful gas generation) can be selected based on the appearance using the above item (■).

等の効果が得られるものである。The following effects can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は従来例を示す要部断面図、第２図は本発明の一
実施例を示す要部断面図、第３図は同実施例の強撚焼時
の排ガス気流を示す断面図、第４図は同実施例の弱燃焼
時の排ガス気流を示す断面図である。 ２・・・・・・内炎筒、３・・・・・・外炎筒、４・・
・・・・第１の赤熱筒、６・・・・・・外筒（光透過外
筒）、６・・・・・・金属外筒（外筒）、８・・・・・
・第２の赤熱筒、１０・・・・・・２次空気口、１２・
・・・・・可変ダンパ。 代理人の氏名　弁理士　中　尾　敏　男　ほか１名第１
図 第２図 １２ 第３図 ２FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a conventional example, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the exhaust gas flow during weak combustion in the same embodiment. 2... Inner flame tube, 3... Outer flame tube, 4...
...First incandescent tube, 6... Outer tube (light-transmitting outer tube), 6... Metal outer tube (outer tube), 8...
・Second glowing tube, 10...Secondary air port, 12.
...Variable damper. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 2 Figure 12 Figure 3 2

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）多数の小孔を有する内炎筒、外炎筒と、外筒を内
側から外側に順に同心状に設け、前記外筒の上部に光透
過外筒、前記外炎筒の上部に第１の赤熱筒、前記内炎筒
の上部に２次空気口を介して第２の赤熱筒を設けるとと
もに、前記第２の赤熱筒の上端の開口部の面積を可変す
るダンパー機構を設けた石油燃焼器。(1) An inner flame tube, an outer flame tube, and an outer tube having a large number of small holes are provided concentrically in order from the inside to the outside, and a light-transmitting outer tube is provided at the top of the outer tube, and a light-transmitting outer tube is provided at the top of the outer flame tube. 1, a second glowing cylinder is provided at the upper part of the inner flame cylinder through a secondary air port, and a damper mechanism is provided for varying the area of the opening at the upper end of the second glowing cylinder. combustor. （２）燃焼部が燃料の気化量が空気供給量に略比例する
構成を有することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記
載の石油燃焼器。(2) The oil combustor according to claim 1, wherein the combustion section has a configuration in which the amount of fuel vaporized is approximately proportional to the amount of air supplied.