JPS58160511A - Direct injection type diesel engine - Google Patents

Direct injection type diesel engine

Info

Publication number
JPS58160511A
JPS58160511A JP57043853A JP4385382A JPS58160511A JP S58160511 A JPS58160511 A JP S58160511A JP 57043853 A JP57043853 A JP 57043853A JP 4385382 A JP4385382 A JP 4385382A JP S58160511 A JPS58160511 A JP S58160511A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
fuel
piston
injection valve
diesel engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP57043853A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH042773B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshitada Uchiyama
内山　芳忠
Jun Hama
浜　純
Shinichi Goto
後藤　新一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP57043853A priority Critical patent/JPS58160511A/en
Publication of JPS58160511A publication Critical patent/JPS58160511A/en
Publication of JPH042773B2 publication Critical patent/JPH042773B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0675—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0603—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston at least part of the interior volume or the wall of the combustion space being made of material different from the surrounding piston part, e.g. combustion space formed within a ceramic part fixed to a metal piston head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0621—Squish flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0624—Swirl flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress exhaust of smoke and hydrocarbon by forming a gas flow passage consisting of a spiral groove on the wall surface of a combustion chamber which is made of heat-resisting materials and formed in a concaved form at the top part of a piston, thus increasing the combustion temperature and disturbing the gas flow. CONSTITUTION:The fuel gas and air are mixed sufficiently, as the air stream which flows into a combustion chamber 3 from the inside of a cylinder 1, after passing through a spiral groove 8, forms a swirl and fuel is jetted-out from an injection valve 7, in the last period of a compression cycle in which a piston 2 is brought close to the top dead center. Since fuel is jetted in the state where the top edge of the injection valve 7 is protrueded into the combustion chamber 3, the fuel is little scattered, and accordingly the concentration of hydrocarbon in the exhaust can be reduced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、小形（例えばボア径１００ｍｍφ以下）の直
接噴射式ディーゼルエンジンに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a small (for example, a bore diameter of 100 mmφ or less) direct injection diesel engine.

従来から知られている直接噴射式のディーゼルエンジン
においては、ピストンをアルミニウム等によって形成し
てその頂部にボール形燃焼室を凹設しているが、アルミ
ニウムを用いた場合には、発生させることができる温度
に自ずから限界があ合に、煙及び炭化水素の排出抑制対
策として、燃焼室の温度を高めると共に燃焼室内におけ
るガスの流れを乱すことが極めて有効であることを確か
めることができた。In conventionally known direct injection diesel engines, the piston is made of aluminum or the like and a ball-shaped combustion chamber is recessed at the top of the piston, but when aluminum is used, it is possible to Given that there is a natural limit to the temperature that can be produced, we were able to confirm that raising the temperature of the combustion chamber and disrupting the gas flow within the combustion chamber is extremely effective as a measure to suppress smoke and hydrocarbon emissions.

本発明は、かかる知見に基づき、直接噴射式ディーゼル
エンジンにおける燃焼室に改良を加え、燃焼室に一層の
耐熱性をもたせると同時に燃焼室におけるガス流が乱れ
るように構成し、煙及び炭化水素の排出を効果的に抑制
した小形の直接噴射式ティーゼルエンジンを提供しよう
とするものである。Based on this knowledge, the present invention improves the combustion chamber of a direct injection diesel engine, provides further heat resistance to the combustion chamber, and configures the combustion chamber so that the gas flow in the combustion chamber is turbulent, thereby eliminating smoke and hydrocarbons. The present invention aims to provide a small, direct-injection teasel engine that effectively suppresses emissions.

突入しているように突出させて配設し、燃焼室のまわり
の壁面にガス流路を形成するスパイラル状の溝を設けた
ことを特徴とするものである。The combustion chamber is characterized by a spiral groove that is arranged so as to protrude into the combustion chamber and forms a gas flow path on the wall surface around the combustion chamber.

以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

第１図及び第２図に示す直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジン
において、シリンダｌ内を往復動するピストン２の頂部
にはボール形の燃焼室３が凹設され、この燃焼室３の口
縁４には薄肉に形成した高温加熱部５が設けられている
。ピストン２は、その頂面及び燃焼室３の内周面がセラ
ミックスある一層に相当する突出部をシリンダヘッドか
ら突設してその内部に噴射弁本体を配設している。この
噴射弁７は、第１図中に鎖線で示すようなピストン２の
上昇時に、その噴射弁７の先端、即ち上記スリーブ７ｂ
またはそれに相当する突出部の先端が燃焼室３内に突入
するように配設したものであり、燃焼室３の口縁４の径
ｄ＋と噴射弁７の外径ｄ！をできるだけ近づけることに
ょシ両者間の間隙が狭められている。上記噴射弁７は、
それ自体が十分な耐熱性を有している場合には、第３図
に示すように、上述したスリーブ等を用いることなく噴
射弁れらのスパイラル状の溝８は、それらの溝を通して
燃焼室３からシリンダ内に噴出するガス等を旋回流とす
るためのものであるが、この旋回流の向きは吸入スワー
ルの向きと一致させるのが望ましい。In the direct injection diesel engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a ball-shaped combustion chamber 3 is recessed at the top of a piston 2 that reciprocates within a cylinder l, and a mouth rim 4 of this combustion chamber 3 is recessed. A high-temperature heating section 5 formed thin is provided. The piston 2 has a protruding part corresponding to a layer in which the top surface and the inner peripheral surface of the combustion chamber 3 are made of ceramic, protruding from the cylinder head, and an injection valve body is disposed inside the protruding part. When the piston 2 rises as shown by the chain line in FIG. 1, the tip of the injection valve 7, that is, the sleeve 7b
Or, the tip of the corresponding protrusion is arranged so as to protrude into the combustion chamber 3, and the diameter d+ of the mouth edge 4 of the combustion chamber 3 and the outer diameter d of the injection valve 7! By bringing them as close as possible, the gap between them is narrowed. The injection valve 7 is
If the injector itself has sufficient heat resistance, as shown in FIG. This is to make the gas etc. ejected into the cylinder from No. 3 into a swirling flow, and it is desirable that the direction of this swirling flow coincides with the direction of the suction swirl.

なお、図中、９は吸気孔、１０は吸気弁、１１は排気孔
、１２は排気弁を示している。In the figure, 9 indicates an intake hole, 10 an intake valve, 11 an exhaust hole, and 12 an exhaust valve.

また、第を図及び第５図に示す実施例は、ピストン２に
凹設した燃焼室３の内底にも小突子状の高温加熱部５α
を設けた場合を示すものであるが、その他の構成は前記
実施例と変わるところがないから燃料が噴射されるため
、燃料ガスと空気とが十分に混合される。また、噴射弁
７はその先端が燃焼室３へ突入した状態で燃料を噴射す
るため、燃料の散逸が少なくなシ、結果的には排気中に
おける炭化水素の濃度を低減させることができる。In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
However, other configurations are the same as in the previous embodiment, and since fuel is injected, fuel gas and air are sufficiently mixed. Further, since the injection valve 7 injects fuel with its tip protruding into the combustion chamber 3, there is less fuel dissipation, and as a result, the concentration of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas can be reduced.

燃焼室３内においては、薄肉状または小突子状の高温加
熱部５，５αやスリーブ７ｂが前回までの燃焼によって
高温に加熱されているため、燃料ガスが容易に着火して
燃焼することになシ、この爆発行程ではスパイラル状の
溝８，８．・・・を通して燃焼室３からの火炎がシリン
ダ１内に噴出することになるが、上記スパイラル状の溝
によって火炎ができる。In the combustion chamber 3, the thin-walled or small protrusion-shaped high-temperature heating parts 5, 5α and the sleeve 7b are heated to a high temperature by previous combustion, so the fuel gas easily ignites and burns. No, in this explosion stroke, spiral grooves 8, 8. The flame from the combustion chamber 3 is ejected into the cylinder 1 through the spiral groove, and the flame is formed by the spiral groove.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の実施例の縦断面図、第２図はその横断
面図、第３図は噴射弁についての他の構造例を示す要部
断面図、第μ図及び第５図は本発明の他の実施例の縦断
面図及び横断面図である。 １００．シリンダ、　　　　２００．ピストン、３・・
・燃焼室、　　　　４・・・口縁、５．５α・・・高温
加熱部、７・・・噴射弁、８・・・溝。 指定代理人 第１図 ａFig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view thereof, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of main parts showing another structural example of an injection valve, Figs. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. 100. cylinder, 200. Piston, 3...
- Combustion chamber, 4... Mouth edge, 5.5α... High temperature heating section, 7... Injection valve, 8... Groove. Designated Agent Diagram 1a

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、　ピストンの頂部に燃焼室を凹設し、このピの溝を
設けたことを特徴とする直接噴射式ディーゼルエンジン
。1. A direct injection diesel engine characterized by having a combustion chamber recessed in the top of the piston and a groove for this piston.
JP57043853A 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Direct injection type diesel engine Granted JPS58160511A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57043853A JPS58160511A (en) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Direct injection type diesel engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57043853A JPS58160511A (en) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Direct injection type diesel engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58160511A true JPS58160511A (en) 1983-09-24
JPH042773B2 JPH042773B2 (en) 1992-01-20

Family

ID=12675265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57043853A Granted JPS58160511A (en) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Direct injection type diesel engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58160511A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3503828A1 (en) * 1984-02-17 1985-08-29 Tode Prof. Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Sarajevo Stojičić Heating chamber with helicoidal ducts in the throat

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5088408A (en) * 1973-12-11 1975-07-16
JPS5142807A (en) * 1974-10-05 1976-04-12 Hino Motors Ltd CHOKUSETSUFUNSHASHIKIDEIIZERUKIKAN
JPS5148505U (en) * 1974-10-11 1976-04-12
JPS51108107A (en) * 1975-03-19 1976-09-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ATSUSHUKUCHAKUKASHIKINAINENKIKAN
JPS5372914A (en) * 1976-12-11 1978-06-28 Toyota Motor Corp Internal combustion engine
JPS5549521A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-04-10 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Cylinder combustion chamber
JPS5611324U (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-01-30

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5148505B2 (en) * 1972-07-27 1976-12-21

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5088408A (en) * 1973-12-11 1975-07-16
JPS5142807A (en) * 1974-10-05 1976-04-12 Hino Motors Ltd CHOKUSETSUFUNSHASHIKIDEIIZERUKIKAN
JPS5148505U (en) * 1974-10-11 1976-04-12
JPS51108107A (en) * 1975-03-19 1976-09-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ATSUSHUKUCHAKUKASHIKINAINENKIKAN
JPS5372914A (en) * 1976-12-11 1978-06-28 Toyota Motor Corp Internal combustion engine
JPS5549521A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-04-10 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Cylinder combustion chamber
JPS5611324U (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-01-30

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3503828A1 (en) * 1984-02-17 1985-08-29 Tode Prof. Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Sarajevo Stojičić Heating chamber with helicoidal ducts in the throat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH042773B2 (en) 1992-01-20

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