JPS5815787A - Lubricating system in scroll compressor - Google Patents
Lubricating system in scroll compressorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5815787A JPS5815787A JP11386481A JP11386481A JPS5815787A JP S5815787 A JPS5815787 A JP S5815787A JP 11386481 A JP11386481 A JP 11386481A JP 11386481 A JP11386481 A JP 11386481A JP S5815787 A JPS5815787 A JP S5815787A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- scroll
- hole
- frame
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
- F04C29/023—Lubricant distribution through a hollow driving shaft
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はスクロール圧縮機の給油装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an oil supply device for a scroll compressor.
従来のスクロール圧縮機は揺動スクロールと固と７
定スクロールとで外周部から吸入極内部中心へうず巻状
に移動しながら圧縮し、中心部より吐出させていた丸め
、スクロール圧縮要素の下部に配置した場合には潤滑油
供給を行なえなかったり、前記スクロール圧縮要素を電
動要素の上部に配置した場合には潤滑油中に混入してい
るガス冷媒を上方よ）抜くことができずガスロック等を
起こし潤滑油供給を行なえなくなったりする等の問題が
あった。In a conventional scroll compressor, an oscillating scroll and a fixed scroll compress the suction electrode while moving in a spiral shape from the outer periphery to the center inside the suction electrode. If the scroll compression element is placed above the electric element, the gas refrigerant mixed in the lubricant cannot be removed upwards, resulting in a gas lock, etc. This has caused problems such as the lubricant being unable to be supplied.
本発明は上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであシ、以下図
に示す実施例に基づいて説明する。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
７ノ
１１）は内部高圧の密閉容器（！ｌ内に上部に電動要素
（３）を下部にスクロール圧縮要素（４）を配置し、咳
圧縮要素を電動要素（３）で駆動される回転軸（６）の
軸受部（＠）を有し、密閉容器（りの内１１に圧入固定
され該容器内を上下に分割する枠体（７１にボルト（８
１等によシ取付けられ、該枠体上面に潤滑油（９）を貯
溜し九スクロール圧縮機である。前記スクロール圧縮要
素（４）は端板叫にインボリュートラップ（＋１）を形
成した固定スクロール０！ｌと、軸０１を有する端板Ｈ
に形成し九インボリュートラップ輛を前記固定スクロー
ル０２のインポリエートラップ（１１）とを内側にして
合せた揺動スフ目−ル幀と、該揺動スクロールの軸Ｉを
遊嵌状に回転軸（５）の下端に穿設した偏心孔０７）Ｋ
挿入して構成される。ｔＪ鴫は固定スクロールＱ２）の
外周部に設けられた吸入口ｊ１１に挿入結合した図示し
ない外部冷却回路に接続される吸入管である。7 No. 11) is a closed container (!l) with internal high pressure, in which an electric element (3) is arranged at the upper part and a scroll compression element (4) at the lower part, and the cough compression element is mounted on a rotating shaft driven by the electric element (3). (6), and has a bolt (8
It is a nine-scroll compressor with lubricating oil (9) stored on the upper surface of the frame. The scroll compression element (4) is a fixed scroll with an involute trap (+1) formed on the end plate. l and an end plate H with axis 01
An oscillating square eye formed with nine involute traps and an involute trap (11) of the fixed scroll 02 on the inside, and a rotating shaft with the axis I of the oscillating scroll loosely fitted. (5) Eccentric hole drilled at the lower end 07)K
Insert and configure. tJ is a suction pipe connected to an external cooling circuit (not shown) which is inserted and coupled to a suction port j11 provided on the outer periphery of the fixed scroll Q2).
−は前記固定スクロールｈの内部中心に設けた吐出口ｅ
２１１に一端を挿入結合し、他端を該固定スクロールの
外周部に穿設した連通孔（ロ）に挿入結合した■字状の
一次吐出連通管である。瞥は一端を前記連通孔ＵＫ他端
を電動要素（３）とスクロール圧縮要素（４）との間に
密閉容器（２）外を介して結合し九コ字状０２次吐出連
通管である。ｅ２４）は密閉容器（２）の上端中央に設
けて外部冷却回路に接続される吐出管である。- is a discharge port e provided at the center of the fixed scroll h.
211, and the other end is inserted into and connected to a communication hole (b) bored in the outer circumference of the fixed scroll. One end is the communication hole UK, and the other end is connected between the electric element (3) and the scroll compression element (4) via the outside of the closed container (2), and is a U-shaped secondary discharge communication pipe. e24) is a discharge pipe provided at the center of the upper end of the closed container (2) and connected to the external cooling circuit.
而して、側は揺動スクロールα四の外周に枠体（））と
固定スクロールａ′４とで形成される空間で、該空間は
揺動スクロール（ｌＩの端板Ｉに穿設した案内溝翰内に
弾性手段（財）を介して挿着した仕切板（ハ）で高圧区
域と低圧区域とに区画される。四は前記低圧区域の空間
伐（へ）に枠体（７）の上面に貯溜された潤滑油（９）
を導びく該枠体に穿設された潤滑油吸入孔である。−は
高圧区域の空間−と揺動スクロールＤＩ。The side is a space formed around the outer periphery of the oscillating scroll α4 by the frame body ( )) and the fixed scroll a'4, and this space is formed by a guide hole formed in the end plate I of the oscillating scroll (lI). A high pressure area and a low pressure area are separated by a partition plate (c) inserted into the groove via an elastic means. Lubricating oil stored on the top surface (9)
This is a lubricating oil suction hole drilled in the frame that guides the lubricating oil. - is the space of the high pressure area - and the oscillating scroll DI.
軸Ｈに設けた各摺動部に潤滑油（９）を供給する給油孔
Ｇ１１とを連通するように前記揺動スクロール端の端板
Ｑ４１に穿設した＠滑油通路である。■は回転軸ｎｌの
軸線方向中心に設けたガス抜き孔で、該ガス抜き孔は回
転軸ｆ６ｊの偏心孔−と揺動スクロール（ＩＩの軸Ｈと
の関ｒ４（至）を介して咳軸の給油孔■と連通′上端に
取付けられたプレート（至）と回転軸（６）との間で形
成される環状油層部■から該プレートに穿設された連通
孔（至）を介して潤滑油（１１）中に下端を浸漬してい
る軸受部（６）に穿設した潤滑油戻し孔３１に連通して
いる。This is an @lubricating oil passage bored in the end plate Q41 at the end of the oscillating scroll so as to communicate with the oil supply hole G11 that supplies lubricating oil (9) to each sliding portion provided on the shaft H. (2) is a gas vent hole provided at the center in the axial direction of the rotating shaft nl, and the gas vent hole is connected to the cough axis through the eccentric hole of the rotating shaft f6j and the relationship r4 (to) with the axis H of the swinging scroll (II). Communication with the oil supply hole (■) 'Lubrication is carried out from the annular oil layer (■) formed between the plate (to) attached to the upper end and the rotating shaft (6) through the communication hole (to) drilled in the plate. It communicates with a lubricating oil return hole 31 formed in a bearing part (6) whose lower end is immersed in oil (11).
このように構成されたスクロール圧縮機の給油装置にお
いて、吸入管（１１１を介して固定スクロールθりの外
周部に設けた吸入口偽匈より流入し九冷媒は電動要素（
３）によシ駆動させられる回転軸（６）で偏心回転する
揺動スクロール（１１１のインポリエートラップＱｌｉ
ｉと前記固定スクロール（Ｉ２１のインボリュートラッ
プ＋１１＞とでうず巻状に移動しながら密閉空間を減少
して圧縮し、該固定スクロールの内部中心の吐出口なり
から１次吐出連通管−に吐出し、密閉容器（！ｌ外に設
けた２次吐出連通管瞥よシ該密閉容器内に再度流入し、
電動要素（３）を通って密閉容器（り上端の吐出管側訃
から外部冷却回路を循環する。枠体（１）上面に貯溜さ
れた潤滑油清）は該枠体に穿設され九潤滑油吸入孔四よ
り枠体（））と固定スクロール０！ｌとで揺動スクロー
ル幀の外周に形成される空間（ハ）の低圧区域に流入し
、該揺動スクロールの偏心回転と仕切板（ハ）の往復摺
動とのオイルポンプ作用により加圧され、前記空間−の
高圧区域から揺動スクロール０１０端板（１４に穿設し
た潤滑油通路−の遠心力に打ち勝って咳通路を中心方向
に向って流れ前記揺動スクロール−〇軸０１に穿設した
給油孔（至）ＫｆＩＬ人する。咳給油孔内に流入し九潤
滑油（９）は遠心作用によシ上昇し回転軸（Ｉｌの偏心
孔（ｉηと揺動スクロールα匈の軸Ｑ１の関１１ｃ１４
１で前記潤滑油（９）Ｋ混入していた冷媒を回転軸１番
）に穿設したガス抜き孔■より逃して各摺動部を潤滑し
つつ、導出孔（至）よりプレート（至）の連通孔（至）
を介して軸受部（・）の潤滑油戻し孔−よシ枠体（７）
上面に貯溜された潤滑油＋１１中に帰還する。オイルポ
ンプ作用を行なう揺動スフ隨−ル幀中仕切板（ハ）のク
リアランスは潤滑油（−）が前記揺動スクロール−の偏
心力に打ち勝って潤滑油通路−を中心方向に向って流れ
るような圧力に上昇させればよく、間隙寸法を大暑〈取
れ入力の増加を低く押えられる。In the scroll compressor oil supply system configured as described above, the refrigerant flows into the suction pipe (111) from the suction port provided on the outer circumference of the fixed scroll (111), and the refrigerant flows into the electric element (111).
3) An oscillating scroll (impoliger trap Qli of 111) that rotates eccentrically on a rotating shaft (6) driven by
i and the fixed scroll (involute trap +11 of I21) move in a spiral to reduce and compress the sealed space, and discharge it from the discharge port at the center of the fixed scroll to the primary discharge communication pipe -. , the secondary discharge communication pipe provided outside the closed container (!l) flows into the closed container again,
A closed container (lubricating oil stored on the upper surface of the frame body (1)) is circulated through an external cooling circuit through the electric element (3) and from the outlet pipe side end at the upper end. Oil suction hole 4, frame body ()) and fixed scroll 0! The oil flows into the low-pressure area of the space (c) formed on the outer periphery of the oscillating scroll and is pressurized by the oil pump action of the eccentric rotation of the oscillating scroll and the reciprocating sliding of the partition plate (c). , from the high-pressure area of the space, the oil flows toward the center through the cough passage, overcoming the centrifugal force of the lubricating oil passage formed in the end plate of the oscillating scroll 010 (14), and flows toward the center of the oscillating scroll 010 The lubricant oil (9) flows into the oil supply hole and rises due to centrifugal action to the eccentric hole (iη) of the rotating shaft (Il) and the axis of the oscillating scroll α (Q1). Seki 11c14
The refrigerant that was mixed in with the lubricating oil (9)K in step 1 is released through the gas vent hole (■) drilled in the rotating shaft (No. 1), and while lubricating each sliding part, the refrigerant is released from the outlet hole (to) to the plate (to). Communication hole (to)
The lubricating oil return hole of the bearing part (-) through the frame body (7)
It returns to the lubricating oil +11 stored on the top surface. The clearance of the partition plate (c) in the oscillating scroll scroll that performs the oil pump action is such that the lubricating oil (-) overcomes the eccentric force of the oscillating scroll and flows through the lubricating oil passage toward the center. It is only necessary to raise the pressure to a certain level, and the gap size can be reduced to a large extent, thereby suppressing the increase in input power.
尚、上記説明においては揺動スフ四−ルＱ＠の端板０４
に穿設し良案内溝−内に弾性手段−を介して挿着し九仕
切板（至）で空間（至）内を高圧区域と低圧区域とに区
画していたが、一端を固定し、他端を自由端とし工圧接
させた板バネで前記空間（ハ）内を高圧区域と低圧区域
とに区画しても何ら本発明を逸脱する亀のではない。In addition, in the above explanation, the end plate 04 of the swinging frame Q@
The space was divided into a high-pressure area and a low-pressure area with nine partition plates, which were inserted into a good guide groove through elastic means, but one end was fixed, Even if the space (c) is divided into a high-pressure area and a low-pressure area using a plate spring whose other end is a free end and which is pressed into contact with the other end, this does not deviate from the scope of the present invention.
以上の如く本発明は内部高圧の密閉容器内に上部に電動
要素を下部にスクロール圧縮要素を配置且つ
し、咳圧縮要素を回転軸の軸受部を有しｖ啼閉容器内壁
に圧入固定される枠体に取付け、該枠体上面に潤滑油を
貯溜したスクロール圧縮機において。As described above, the present invention arranges an electric element in the upper part and a scroll compression element in the lower part in a closed container with internal high pressure, and the cough compression element has a bearing part for a rotating shaft and is press-fitted and fixed to the inner wall of the closed container. In a scroll compressor that is attached to a frame and has lubricating oil stored on the upper surface of the frame.
前記スクロール圧縮要素を構成する揺動スクロールの外
周に枠体と固定スクロールとで形成する空間と、該空間
を揺動スクロールの偏心回転により高圧区域と低圧区域
とに区画する可動仕切板と、前記低圧区域の空間に枠体
上面に貯溜された潤滑油を導びく該枠体に穿設した吸入
孔と、高圧区域の空間に連通して各摺動部に潤滑油を供
給する揺も
動スクロールに穿設した潤滑油通路とを設は木、のであ
るから、前記枠体と固定スフ薗−ルとで形成され揺動ス
クロールが偏心回転する空間を可動仕切板で高圧区域と
低圧区域とに区画し、該低圧区域へ流入させた潤滑油を
加圧して高圧区域に連通している揺動スフルールの潤滑
油通路の遠心力に打ち勝って該通路よシ各摺動部に確実
に供給できると共に前記高圧区域の圧力を潤滑油通路に
遠心力に打ち勝つ圧力にすればよくオイルポンプ作用に
よる入力の増加を低く押えられる等実用的な効果を有す
る。a space formed by a frame and a fixed scroll on the outer periphery of the oscillating scroll constituting the scroll compression element; a movable partition plate that divides the space into a high pressure area and a low pressure area by eccentric rotation of the oscillating scroll; A suction hole formed in the frame body that guides lubricating oil stored on the upper surface of the frame body into the space of the low pressure area, and an oscillating scroll that communicates with the space of the high pressure area and supplies lubricating oil to each sliding part. Since the lubricating oil passage is made of wood, the space formed by the frame body and the fixed sphere and in which the oscillating scroll rotates eccentrically is divided into a high pressure area and a low pressure area by a movable partition plate. The lubricating oil that has been divided and flowed into the low-pressure area can be pressurized to overcome the centrifugal force of the lubricating oil passage of the swinging souffler that communicates with the high-pressure area, and can be reliably supplied to each sliding part through the passage. If the pressure in the high pressure area is set to a pressure that overcomes the centrifugal force in the lubricating oil passage, it will have practical effects such as suppressing the increase in input due to the oil pump action.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示すスクロール圧縮機の断
面図、第２図は第１図のｎ−ｎ線方向の断面図、第３図
はオイルポンプ機構の要部断面図である。
＋１１・・・スクロール圧縮機、（２）・・・密閉容器
、（３）・・・電動要素、（４）・・・スクロール圧縮
要素、（５）・・・回転軸、（６）・・・軸受部、川・
・・枠体、（９）・・・潤滑油、旙・・・固定スクロー
ル、（１→・・・揺動スクロール、破・・・空間、（至
）・・・仕切板、翰・・・潤滑油吸入孔、−・・・潤滑
油通路。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a scroll compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line nn in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of essential parts of an oil pump mechanism. . +11... Scroll compressor, (2)... Sealed container, (3)... Electric element, (4)... Scroll compression element, (5)... Rotating shaft, (6)...・Bearing part, river・
... Frame, (9) ... Lubricating oil, 旙 ... Fixed scroll, (1 → ... Oscillating scroll, broken ... Space, (to) ... Partition plate, Kan ... Lubricating oil suction hole, --- Lubricating oil passage.
Claims (1)
クロール圧縮要素を配置し、該圧縮要素を回転軸の軸受
部を有し且つ密閉容器内壁に圧入固定される枠体に轍付
け、該枠体上面に潤滑油を貯溜したスクロール圧縮機に
おいて、前記スクロール圧縮要素を構成する揺動スクロ
ールの外周に枠体と固定スクロールとで形成する空間と
、該空間を揺動スクロールの偏心回転により高圧区域と
低圧区域とに区画する可動仕切板と、前記低圧区域の空
間に枠体上面に貯溜された潤滑油を導く該枠体に穿設し
た吸入孔と、高圧区域の空間に連通して各摺動部に潤滑
油を供給する揺動スクロールに穿設し九潤滑油通路とを
設けたことを特徴とするスクロール圧縮機の給油装置。1. Arranging an electric element in the upper part and a scroll compression element in the lower part in a closed container with high internal pressure, and rutting the compression element in a frame having a bearing part for a rotating shaft and press-fitted into the inner wall of the closed container, In the scroll compressor in which lubricating oil is stored on the upper surface of the frame, there is a space formed by the frame and the fixed scroll around the outer periphery of the oscillating scroll constituting the scroll compression element, and the space is formed by eccentric rotation of the oscillating scroll. a movable partition plate that divides the area into a high pressure area and a low pressure area; a suction hole drilled in the frame that guides lubricating oil stored on the upper surface of the frame into the space of the low pressure area; and a suction hole that communicates with the space of the high pressure area. An oil supply device for a scroll compressor, characterized in that nine lubricating oil passages are provided in an oscillating scroll for supplying lubricating oil to each sliding part.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11386481A JPH0248755B2 (en) | 1981-07-20 | 1981-07-20 | SUKUROORUATSUSHUKUKINOKYUYUSOCHI |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11386481A JPH0248755B2 (en) | 1981-07-20 | 1981-07-20 | SUKUROORUATSUSHUKUKINOKYUYUSOCHI |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5815787A true JPS5815787A (en) | 1983-01-29 |
| JPH0248755B2 JPH0248755B2 (en) | 1990-10-26 |
Family
ID=14623003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11386481A Expired - Lifetime JPH0248755B2 (en) | 1981-07-20 | 1981-07-20 | SUKUROORUATSUSHUKUKINOKYUYUSOCHI |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0248755B2 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59183095A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-10-18 | Toshiba Corp | Scroll type compressing device |
| US4818198A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1989-04-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Scroll fluid machine with oil feed passages |
| US4842499A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1989-06-27 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaish A | Scroll-type positive displacement apparatus with oil supply to compression chamber |
| JPH01190986A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-08-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Compressor |
| JPH0337389A (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1991-02-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Scroll compressor |
| WO1991006766A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compression |
| WO1991006770A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor |
| WO1991006768A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor |
| US5037278A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1991-08-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor with heat insulating and soundproof cover in bottom disposed low pressure chamber |
| CN103047138A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Motor-driven compressor |
-
1981
- 1981-07-20 JP JP11386481A patent/JPH0248755B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59183095A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-10-18 | Toshiba Corp | Scroll type compressing device |
| US4842499A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1989-06-27 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaish A | Scroll-type positive displacement apparatus with oil supply to compression chamber |
| US4846640A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1989-07-11 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Scroll-type vacuum apparatus with rotating scrolls and discharge valve |
| US4818198A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1989-04-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Scroll fluid machine with oil feed passages |
| JPH01190986A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-08-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Compressor |
| US5037278A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1991-08-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor with heat insulating and soundproof cover in bottom disposed low pressure chamber |
| JPH0337389A (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1991-02-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Scroll compressor |
| WO1991006768A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor |
| WO1991006770A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor |
| WO1991006766A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compression |
| US5213490A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1993-05-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll-type compressor with discharge opening above the lubricant reservoir |
| US5215452A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1993-06-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Compressor having an oil pump ring associated with the orbiting shaft |
| US5217360A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1993-06-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Scroll compressor with swirling impeller biased by cooled lubricant |
| CN103047138A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Motor-driven compressor |
| CN103047138B (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2015-08-12 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Motor compressor |
| US9644628B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2017-05-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Motor-driven compressor having oil passage that facilitates bearing lubrication |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0248755B2 (en) | 1990-10-26 |
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