JPS5815617B2 - Carburetor for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Carburetor for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5815617B2 JPS5815617B2 JP52006359A JP635977A JPS5815617B2 JP S5815617 B2 JPS5815617 B2 JP S5815617B2 JP 52006359 A JP52006359 A JP 52006359A JP 635977 A JP635977 A JP 635977A JP S5815617 B2 JPS5815617 B2 JP S5815617B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- porous material
- carburetor
- internal combustion
- fuel
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M29/00—Apparatus for re-atomising condensed fuel or homogenising fuel-air mixture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M17/00—Carburettors having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of preceding main groups F02M1/00 - F02M15/00
- F02M17/40—Selection of particular materials for carburettors, e.g. sheet metal, plastic, or translucent materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
- Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は内燃機関の燃焼室へ供給される揮発性燃料の気
化率を改善する気化器の改良に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a carburetor that improves the vaporization rate of volatile fuel supplied to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
自動車等の内燃機関の燃焼室へ供給されるガソリン等揮
発性燃料の気化率の良否は排気ガス中に含まれる一酸化
炭素ＣＯ及び炭化水素ＨＣの量と密接な関係があるばか
りでなく、単位消費燃料当りの走行距離に大きな影響を
与える。The quality of the vaporization rate of volatile fuels such as gasoline supplied to the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines such as automobiles is not only closely related to the amount of carbon monoxide CO and hydrocarbons HC contained in the exhaust gas, but also the unit This has a significant impact on the distance traveled per fuel consumed.
このため、従来、例えば米国特許１３２７２３３゜１８
５７５６５及び２１４９４６０更には英国特許２４５２
５４に示されているように、気化器内の揮発性燃料の気
化率を改善するため、比較的孔径の大きなメツシュ等を
気化器内に配設し、該メツシュ等に空気−燃料混合物を
通過させて液体燃料成分をより微小な紛霧状に分割する
ことが提案されている。For this reason, conventionally, for example, US Pat.
57565 and 2149460 as well as British Patent 2452
54, in order to improve the vaporization rate of the volatile fuel in the vaporizer, a mesh or the like with a relatively large pore size is disposed in the vaporizer, and the air-fuel mixture is passed through the mesh or the like. It has been proposed that the liquid fuel component be divided into finer atomized particles.
しかしながら、これら従来技術は所望の効果を達成する
ことができず、多くの場合エンジン出力の低下を来たし
、実用に供されていない。However, these conventional techniques are unable to achieve the desired effect, resulting in a decrease in engine output in many cases, and are not put to practical use.
本願発明者は多孔性物質の孔径とその配設位置が揮発性
燃料の気化率改善に大きな関係があることを知得し、広
範な研究と実験を重ねた結果本発明を達成したのであっ
て、その目的は揮発性燃料の気化率を改善することによ
って排気ガス中の一酸化炭素ＣＯと炭化水素ＨＣ’の排
出量を減少させるとともに消費燃料の経済性を高める内
燃機関用気化器を提供するにある。The inventor of the present application learned that the pore diameter of a porous material and its location have a significant relationship with improving the vaporization rate of volatile fuel, and as a result of extensive research and repeated experiments, the present invention was achieved. The purpose is to provide a carburetor for an internal combustion engine that reduces the emissions of carbon monoxide CO and hydrocarbons HC' in the exhaust gas by improving the vaporization rate of volatile fuel, and increases the economy of consumed fuel. It is in.
本発明の他の目的は、現在使用中の各種タイプ自動車に
極めて容易に適応することのできる上記気化率を改善す
る内燃機関用気化器を提供するにある。Another object of the present invention is to provide a carburetor for an internal combustion engine that improves the vaporization rate and can be very easily adapted to various types of automobiles currently in use.
内燃機関用気化器においては、主燃料供給口から気化器
内に散布された揮発性燃料はベンチュリ作用によって一
部は気化されるが、一部はなお液状で残存する。In a carburetor for an internal combustion engine, a portion of the volatile fuel dispersed into the carburetor from the main fuel supply port is vaporized by the venturi action, but a portion still remains in a liquid state.
この気化した燃料成分は緊密に空気と混合するので、こ
の空気と気化した燃料との混合物はもはやいかなる気化
装置を流通させる必要もないし、逆にこのような気化装
置は流通を制限或いは阻害することになる。Since this vaporized fuel component mixes intimately with the air, this mixture of air and vaporized fuel no longer needs to be passed through any vaporization device, and on the contrary, such a vaporization device can restrict or obstruct the flow. become.
一方、気化器中に液状燃料成分が多く残存すると排気ガ
ス中の一酸化炭素ＣＯ及び炭化水素ＨＣの排出量を増大
させるとともに消費燃料の経済性が悪くなる。On the other hand, if a large amount of liquid fuel components remain in the vaporizer, the amount of carbon monoxide CO and hydrocarbon HC in the exhaust gas will increase, and the economy of fuel consumption will deteriorate.
従って、気化器においては、未だ気化していない液状燃
料成分のみを気化装置に流通させ、空気と既に気化した
燃料成分はこれを流通させないことである。Therefore, in the vaporizer, only the liquid fuel component that has not yet been vaporized is allowed to flow through the vaporizer, and the air and the fuel component that has already been vaporized are not allowed to flow therethrough.
本願発明者の知得したところによると、極めて孔径の小
さな多孔性物質は毛管現像によって液体燃料を容易に吸
収するが空気合気化した燃料成分の混合物を流通させな
い。The inventors have discovered that porous materials with extremely small pore sizes readily absorb liquid fuel by capillary development, but do not allow the air-aerated mixture of fuel components to flow therethrough.
一方、このような多孔性物質は吸収した液体揮発性燃料
を液状では容易に放出しないが気体状では容易に放出す
ることが知得された。On the other hand, it has been found that such porous materials do not easily release the absorbed liquid volatile fuel in liquid form, but easily release it in gaseous form.
各種の孔径を有する多孔性物質を用いた実験に依れば、
孔径が小さければ小さい程毛管現像が効果的に働いて液
状揮発性燃料を迅速に吸着し、その液状燃料を強く保持
しかつ気体状でその燃料を迅速に放出することが知得さ
れ、本発明に適応される多孔性物質の孔径は１２μ（ミ
クロン）以下であり、好ましくは２μ以下である。According to experiments using porous materials with various pore sizes,
It has been found that the smaller the pore diameter, the more effectively capillary development works to quickly adsorb liquid volatile fuel, strongly retain the liquid fuel, and quickly release the fuel in gaseous form. The pore diameter of the porous material used for this is 12μ (microns) or less, preferably 2μ or less.
ここで言う多孔性物質とは５、固体粒子間に形成された
微小な房室即ち孔が微小な間隙によって相互に結合され
たもので、本発明でいう孔径とはこの孔の径のことであ
る。The porous substance referred to here is one in which minute chambers or pores formed between solid particles are interconnected by minute gaps, and the pore size as used in the present invention refers to the diameter of these pores. be.
本発明の内燃機関用気化器では、空気−燃料混合物の直
線的流動が変化し、該混合物の流動方向に沿って圧力変
化が生じる該ベンチュリ及び該絞り弁の少なくとも何れ
か一方に、孔径が１２μ以下の多孔性物質を西ｄ設して
なり、該多孔性物質は液状燃料で濡らされた時に通気性
を失うものである。In the carburetor for an internal combustion engine of the present invention, at least one of the venturi and the throttle valve, in which the linear flow of the air-fuel mixture changes and the pressure changes along the flow direction of the mixture, has a hole diameter of 12 μm. The following porous material is provided, and the porous material loses air permeability when wetted with liquid fuel.
多孔性物質を構成する物質は熱に対して安定的でその形
状を維持でき、燃料によって変質しないものであればど
のようなものでもよく、多くの物質、例えば石膏、セラ
ミック、焼結金属、その他微細な粉状から熱及び／或い
は圧力等によって所望の孔径を有する固形状に形成され
得る物質、或いは焼石こうのように粉末から水等の凝固
剤によって所望の孔径を有する固形状に形成される物質
が使用できる。The material constituting the porous material may be any material that is stable to heat, maintains its shape, and is not altered by fuel, and may include many materials such as gypsum, ceramics, sintered metals, and others. A substance that can be formed from a fine powder into a solid shape with a desired pore size by heat and/or pressure, or a substance such as calcined gypsum that can be formed from a powder into a solid shape with a desired pore size by using a coagulating agent such as water. substance can be used.
しかし、何れの場合にも粒子径は微小で、粒子間の孔径
は１２μ好ましくは２μ以下とすることである。However, in either case, the particle size is minute, and the pore size between the particles is 12 μm or less, preferably 2 μm or less.
このような微小な孔径の多孔性物質においては、多孔性
物質が液状燃料で濡らされた時に多孔性即ち通気性でな
くなるという特色がある。A porous material having such a small pore size is characterized in that it becomes porous, ie, non-breathable, when the porous material is wetted with liquid fuel.
即ち、多孔性物質内の孔に浸入した液体はこれを閉塞し
、この孔に入った液体を放出させるに充分な高圧が加え
られない限り空気その他の気体の流通を阻止する。That is, liquid that has entered the pores in the porous material will occlude the pores, preventing air or other gases from passing through them unless a high enough pressure is applied to cause the liquid to escape.
このような高圧は気化器の正常な作動時に発生すること
がない程度のものである。Such high pressures are of a level that would not occur during normal operation of the vaporizer.
また、液体燃料が粉霧状となって多孔性物質から放出さ
れることは好ましいことでない。Furthermore, it is not desirable for the liquid fuel to be released from the porous material in the form of atomized powder.
要求されることは、液体燃料を液状で強く補足し、気体
状で放出することで、このことは微小な孔径の多孔性物
質程迅速である。What is required is to strongly capture liquid fuel in liquid form and release it in gaseous form, and this is more rapid for porous materials with smaller pore sizes.
明確に理解されなければならないことは、本発明では多
孔性換算を用いて液体燃料成分をより微細な粉霧状に分
散することではないのであって、多孔性物質の機能は液
体燃料成分を吸収してそれを気体としてのみ放出するこ
とである。It must be clearly understood that the present invention does not use porosity scaling to disperse liquid fuel components into a finer powder, but rather that the function of the porous material is to absorb liquid fuel components. and release it only as a gas.
この機能は多孔性物質の孔径が１２μ以下において効果
的に達成されるのであって、孔径が小さくなればなるほ
ど液状から気体への変換が良好になる。This function is effectively achieved when the pore size of the porous material is 12 microns or less, and the smaller the pore size, the better the conversion from liquid to gas.
本願発明者の考えによれば、液体燃料が微小な孔径の多
孔性物質に吸着されると、その液体はその微小な孔を通
って合孔のサイズに分割されるため、この微小な液体粒
子の気化がより迅速かつ容易に行われるためと思われる
。According to the inventor's idea, when liquid fuel is adsorbed by a porous material with minute pores, the liquid passes through the minute pores and is divided into the size of the pores, so that these minute liquid particles This seems to be because the vaporization of the gas occurs more quickly and easily.
このような意味から微小な孔径を有する多孔性物質は物
理的な見方によれば触媒と同機に看され、化学的変化を
促進する触媒同様に液体から気、体に物理的変化を促進
する。From this point of view, porous materials with minute pores can be seen as similar to catalysts from a physical point of view, and like catalysts that promote chemical changes, they promote physical changes from liquid to gas to body.
本発明では上記のような微小な孔径を有する多孔性物質
は、空気−燃料混合物の直線的流動が変化し、該混合物
の流動方向に沿って圧力変化が生じる気化器内の部分に
配設されることである。In the present invention, a porous material having a minute pore size as described above is disposed in a portion of the carburetor where the linear flow of the air-fuel mixture changes and pressure changes occur along the flow direction of the mixture. Is Rukoto.
この多孔性物質は気化器内の混合流方向を縦方向或いは
横方向に延長するように用いることができる。This porous material can be used to extend the mixed flow direction within the vaporizer either vertically or horizontally.
微小な孔径の多孔性物質を主ベンチユリ、小ベンチユリ
に配設する場合が前記縦方向へ延長する場合の例であっ
て、これらベンチュリの小さな口径の低圧部から大きな
口径の高圧部に多孔性物質が配設される。The case where a porous material with a minute pore diameter is arranged in the main venturi and the small venturi is an example of extending in the vertical direction, and the porous material is placed from the small diameter low pressure part of these venturis to the large diameter high pressure part. will be placed.
横方向へ延長する例としては、絞り弁を微小な孔径の多
孔性物質から構成する場合で気化器側の上流の高圧部と
吸気マニホルド側の下流の低圧部との間を延長している
。As an example of extending in the lateral direction, the throttle valve is made of a porous material with a minute pore diameter, and the throttle valve is extended between an upstream high-pressure part on the carburetor side and a downstream low-pressure part on the intake manifold side.
このような多孔性物質を上記圧力変化部分以外のところ
に配設しても所望の効果を奏することができない。Even if such a porous material is disposed at a location other than the pressure changing portion, the desired effect cannot be achieved.
上記説明から明らかなように、多孔性物質を配設する気
化器内の部分は下記のとおりである。As is clear from the above description, the parts within the vaporizer where the porous material is disposed are as follows.
（１）小ベンチユリ
（２）大ベンチユリ
（３）絞り弁
上記各部において、小ベンチユリと大ベンチユリとは好
ましくは多孔性物質から構成され、大ベンチユリは多孔
性物質で被覆される。(1) Small bench lily (2) Large bench lily (3) Throttle valve In each of the above parts, the small bench lily and the large bench lily are preferably made of a porous material, and the large bench lily is coated with a porous material.
上記（１）〜（３）の各部に多孔性物質が上記のように
設けられた場合には、揮発性の液状燃料成分はこれら各
部に順次吸着され気体状で放出されることによってその
気化率は蓄積的に増大し、燃料気化率は最良のものとな
る。When a porous substance is provided in each of the parts (1) to (3) above as described above, the volatile liquid fuel component is sequentially adsorbed in each part and released in gaseous form, resulting in its vaporization rate. increases cumulatively, and the fuel vaporization rate becomes the best.
しかしながら、上記（１）〜（３）の何れかの部分に多
孔性物質を配設した場合にも、従来の気化器に較べて顕
著な効果が得られるのである。However, even when a porous material is provided in any of the parts (1) to (3) above, remarkable effects can be obtained compared to conventional vaporizers.
次に、上記（１）〜（３）の各部に多孔性物質を配設す
る場合の要件について述べる。Next, the requirements for disposing a porous substance in each part of (1) to (3) above will be described.
■）小ベンチユリ
使用される多孔性物質の孔径は微小なものであって、多
孔部を空気が流通するのを阻止するものであることが重
要である。(2) Small bench lily It is important that the pore size of the porous material used is minute and that it prevents air from flowing through the pores.
小ベンチユリの内側面には口径の小さな比較的低圧な部
分と口径の大きな比較的高圧な部分とがあり、また外周
面部に比較的低圧部分が存在する。The inner surface of the small bench lily has a relatively low-pressure part with a small diameter and a relatively high-pressure part with a large diameter, and a relatively low-pressure part exists on the outer peripheral surface.
従って、もしもこの小ベンチユリの外周面から内周面に
空気が貫通したならば、内周面の小口径部と大口径部と
の間の圧力差は減少しベンチュリ機能は低下してしまう
。Therefore, if air penetrates from the outer circumferential surface to the inner circumferential surface of the small venturi, the pressure difference between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion of the inner circumferential surface will decrease, and the venturi function will deteriorate.
これは真空中に空気が流入した場合に所望の真空状態を
得られなくなるというごとと同様なことである。This is similar to the case where if air flows into a vacuum, the desired vacuum state cannot be obtained.
また、もしも多孔性物質の孔径が大きくその間を空気が
流通すると、本発明の目的を達成することができなくな
る。Furthermore, if the pores of the porous material are large and air flows through them, the object of the present invention cannot be achieved.
更に、湿潤した多孔性物質中を空気が流通すると、液状
燃料を泡状或いは霧状にしてそれを送り出し、液状燃料
粒子の若干の凝縮が発生し、これらは結合してより大き
な粒子となる。Additionally, the passage of air through the moist porous material displaces the liquid fuel in a foam or atomized form, causing some condensation of the liquid fuel particles, which combine into larger particles.
最適な性能を達成するには、小ベンチユリの多孔性物質
の孔径は、その孔内に吸引された液状燃料によって湿潤
した時に、空気が多孔性物質中を貫通するのを阻止し液
状燃料を強く保持するのに充分な程度に微小でなければ
ならない。To achieve optimal performance, the pore size of the porous material in the Benchlily must be such that, when moistened by liquid fuel drawn into its pores, air is prevented from penetrating through the porous material and the liquid fuel is strongly drawn into the material. It must be small enough to hold.
このように微小な孔径の多孔性物質を用いると、圧力の
低下により吸着された液状燃料の気化が効果的に促進さ
れる。When a porous material with such a small pore size is used, the vaporization of the adsorbed liquid fuel is effectively promoted due to the pressure drop.
小ベンチユリは空気流の方向に沿って口径が増大する部
分のみ、即ち小口径部から大口径部迄の間が多孔性物質
からなり、その上方部即ち空気流の方向に沿って口径が
大きなところから小さなところへと変化している部分は
多孔性としない。The small bench lily is made of porous material only in the part where the diameter increases along the direction of air flow, that is, from the small diameter part to the large diameter part, and the upper part, that is, the part where the diameter increases along the direction of air flow. Portions that change from small to small are not porous.
２）大ベンチユリ
小ベンチユリの下方の大ベンチユリには、比較的低圧部
と比較的高圧部との間に圧力差が形成され、本発明では
この部分間に多孔性物質が薄い層状に被覆される。2) A pressure difference is formed between a relatively low pressure part and a relatively high pressure part in the large bench lily below the small bench lily, and in the present invention, a thin layer of porous material is coated between these parts. .
小ベンチユリの場合と同様に、この多孔性物質層は空気
流の方向に沿って大ベンチユリの小口径部から大口径部
に亘って被覆され、空気が流入し圧縮される大ベンチユ
リの上方部には被覆されない。As in the case of the small bench lily, this layer of porous material covers the large bench lily from the small diameter part to the large diameter part along the direction of air flow, and is coated in the upper part of the large bench lily where the air enters and is compressed. is not coated.
本発明者の知得したところによれは、気化器内の実質的
圧力差を生じない大ベンチユリ下端に連続する垂直壁内
部、即ち空気−燃料混合物の直線的流動が変化しない部
分に多孔性物質層を被覆すると、エンジンの性能は低下
し鈍くなる。According to the knowledge of the present inventor, a porous material is formed inside the vertical wall continuous to the lower end of the large bench lily that does not create a substantial pressure difference in the carburetor, that is, the part where the linear flow of the air-fuel mixture does not change. Covering the layer reduces the performance of the engine and makes it sluggish.
３）絞り弁
絞り弁は多孔性物質から円板状に形成され、円板状に形
成された絞り弁の上方部は高圧部にまた下方部は低圧部
となって横方向に延長している。3) Throttle valve The throttle valve is formed from a porous material into a disc shape, and the upper part of the disc-shaped throttle valve is a high-pressure part and the lower part is a low-pressure part that extends in the horizontal direction. .
この多孔性絞り弁の場合にも前記孔径は最も重要な要件
であって、最適条件としては多孔性物質の孔径はほぼ均
一で１２μ以下とすることである。In the case of this porous throttle valve as well, the pore size is the most important requirement, and the optimum condition is that the pore size of the porous material be substantially uniform and 12 μm or less.
特に、絞り弁の場合には、気化器内で最大の圧力差が生
じ、エンジンのアイドリング時または絞り弁を閉じた状
態で下り坂を走行している時、高圧側は１４．７ｐｓｉ
となり低圧側は５ｐｓｉとなるので前記多孔性物質の孔
径は重要な条件となる。In particular, in the case of the throttle valve, the maximum pressure difference occurs in the carburetor, and when the engine is idling or driving downhill with the throttle valve closed, the high pressure side is 14.7 psi.
Since the low pressure side is 5 psi, the pore diameter of the porous material is an important condition.
即ち、この多孔性物質は気化器側の高圧と吸気マニホル
ド側の低圧による圧力差によって空気がこの多孔性物質
中を貫通することに対して充分な抵抗とならなければな
らず、多孔性物質中の小孔に吸着された液体燃料が空気
流によって粉霧状になって下方低圧側に押し出されるこ
となく、前記圧力差を維持しなければならない。That is, this porous material must provide sufficient resistance to air passing through it due to the pressure difference between the high pressure on the carburetor side and the low pressure on the intake manifold side. The pressure difference must be maintained without the liquid fuel adsorbed in the small holes being turned into atomized powder by the air flow and being pushed downward to the low pressure side.
以下に本発明の好適な実施例を示す添付図面を参照にし
て本発明を詳述する。The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention.
図示の燃料供給装置において、気化器１はフロート室２
と結合され、フロート室２の燃料３は、供給路４を通っ
て気化器内に開口する主燃料供給口５または他の供給路
６を通って気化器内に開口する低速ノズル７．８によっ
て気化器１の内部に供給される。In the illustrated fuel supply system, the carburetor 1 has a float chamber 2.
and the fuel 3 in the float chamber 2 is fed by a main fuel supply port 5 which opens into the carburetor through a supply channel 4 or by a low velocity nozzle 7.8 which opens into the carburetor through a further supply channel 6. It is supplied to the inside of the vaporizer 1.
小ベンチユリ９は放射状腕１０によって気化器１内に同
心状に支持され、その一つの腕を通って供給路の先端は
延長し、主燃料供給口５は小ベンチユリ９の中実軸芯の
中空狭隘部に開口している。The small bench lily 9 is supported concentrically within the carburetor 1 by radial arms 10, through one of which arms the tip of the supply passage extends, and the main fuel supply port 5 is located in the hollow of the solid axis of the small bench lily 9. It opens into a narrow space.
小ベンチユリ９の内面形状は上端から下方に向けて口径
が狭くなり次いで口径が除々に大きくなっているのに対
し、外面形状は直線的であり、上記内面形状によって狭
隘部が形成されている。The inner surface of the small bench lily 9 becomes narrower in diameter from the upper end downward, and then gradually increases in diameter, whereas the outer surface is linear, and a narrow portion is formed by the inner surface.
小ベンチユリ９の下方の気化器１の内面形状は小ベンチ
ユリの内面形状と似ており、大ベンチユリ１１を形成し
ている。The inner surface shape of the carburetor 1 below the small bench lily 9 is similar to the inner surface shape of the small bench lily and forms a large bench lily 11.
大ベンチユリ１１の下方には円板状の絞り弁が気化器１
内に軸１３によって回転可能に支持されている。A disc-shaped throttle valve is located below the large bench lily 11 for the carburetor 1.
It is rotatably supported within by a shaft 13.
低速ノズル７．８は絞り弁に近接した場所で気化器１内
に開口している。A low-speed nozzle 7.8 opens into the carburetor 1 in the vicinity of the throttle valve.
本発明は上記のような燃料供給装置の形状等を実質的に
変更することなく適応されるものである。The present invention can be applied to the fuel supply device as described above without substantially changing its shape or the like.
即ち、図示の好適な実施例において、孔径１２μ以下、
好ましくは２μ以下の多孔性物質が大ベンチユリ１１の
内面に配設または被覆されているのに対し、小ベンチユ
リ９及び絞り弁１２は上記多孔性物質から構成される。That is, in the preferred embodiment shown, the pore diameter is 12μ or less;
Preferably, a porous material of 2 μm or less is disposed or coated on the inner surface of the large bench lily 11, while the small vent lily 9 and the throttle valve 12 are made of the above-mentioned porous material.
気化器内に多孔性物質が配設される場所はいくつかある
ので、説明の簡略化のために、各部に設けられた多孔性
物質の機能を各別に説明する。Since there are several locations in which the porous material is disposed within the vaporizer, the functions of the porous material provided in each location will be explained separately to simplify the explanation.
（１） 小ベンチユリ
上端大口径部から小口径部へ次いで下端大口径部へと、
絞られた管のような内面形状を有する小ベンチユリ９で
は、小ベンチユリ内に吸入された空気が小口径部から下
方の大口径へと移動する間に圧力が増加する。(1) Small bench lily: from the large diameter part at the top end to the small diameter part, then to the large diameter part at the bottom end,
In the small bench lily 9 having an inner surface shape like a constricted pipe, the pressure increases while the air sucked into the small bench lily moves from the small diameter part to the large diameter part below.
この圧力増加は空気の直線的な流動が変化することによ
って発生するもので、これによって液体燃料は燃料供給
口５から吸引されて小ベンチユリ９の空気流中に霧状に
分散供給される。This pressure increase is caused by a change in the linear flow of air, whereby the liquid fuel is sucked through the fuel supply port 5 and dispersed and supplied into the air flow of the small bench lily 9 in the form of mist.
小ベンチユリ９の上記口径が拡大する部分では、小口径
部を通った空気流は膨張しく直線的流動が変化し）て液
状燃料成分を矢印Ａで示すように小ベンチユリ９の内側
拡大口径部に向けて偏向させるとともに燃料供給口５か
ら霧状に供給された液状燃料の一部は気化される。In the part where the diameter of the small bench lily 9 is enlarged, the air flow passing through the small diameter part expands and the linear flow changes), and the liquid fuel component is transferred to the inner enlarged diameter part of the small bench lily 9 as shown by arrow A. A part of the liquid fuel supplied in a mist form from the fuel supply port 5 is vaporized.
従来の中実な金属性の小ベンチユリでは、拡大口径部の
内面に到達した液状燃料成分はこの内面に沿って降下し
、大きな粒状に凝縮してその下端から滴下する。In conventional solid metal bench lilies, the liquid fuel component that reaches the inner surface of the enlarged bore portion descends along this inner surface, condenses into large particles, and drips from the lower end.
このように、小ベンチユリ並びに液体燃料を霧状に分散
する燃料供給口５の効果の一部は、霧状燃料成分が集合
して大きな粒状に凝縮するというマイナスの作用によっ
て減殺される。In this way, part of the effect of the small bench lily and the fuel supply port 5 for dispersing the liquid fuel in the form of mist is diminished by the negative effect that the atomized fuel components gather and condense into large particles.
本発明のように、空気の流通方向に沿って小ベンチユリ
９の小口径部から大口径部に亘る拡大口径部を従来の金
属の代りに孔径１２μ以下の多孔性物質９ａから形成し
た場合には、前記のようにその内面に到達した液状燃料
成分は多孔性物質中に吸着される。As in the present invention, when the enlarged diameter portion of the small bench lily 9 extending from the small diameter portion to the large diameter portion along the air flow direction is formed from a porous material 9a having a pore diameter of 12μ or less instead of the conventional metal, As described above, the liquid fuel components that reach the inner surface of the porous material are adsorbed into the porous material.
ここで、小口径部を比較的低圧とし大口径部を比較的高
圧とする圧力差があるから、吸着された液状燃料成分が
比較的低圧側に向けて移動する間に多孔性物質の壁面か
ら気体となって放出される。Here, there is a pressure difference in which the small diameter part is relatively low pressure and the large diameter part is relatively high pressure, so while the adsorbed liquid fuel component moves toward the relatively low pressure side, it is removed from the wall surface of the porous material. It is released as a gas.
このように、本発明では、従来の金属製小ベンチユリの
ように、吸着された液状燃料成分が集合、凝縮してその
下端から滴下するということはない。Thus, in the present invention, unlike the conventional small metal bench lily, the adsorbed liquid fuel components do not collect, condense, and drip from the lower end.
即ち、小ベンチユリ９の空気流通方向に沿って小口径部
から大口径部に亘る部分を孔径１２μ以下の微細な多孔
性物質９ａから形成した場合には、従来の小ベンチユリ
に較べてその気化率を顕著に向上させることができる。That is, when the part of the small bench lily 9 extending from the small diameter part to the large diameter part along the air flow direction is formed from a fine porous material 9a with a pore diameter of 12 μ or less, the vaporization rate is lower than that of the conventional small bench lily. can be significantly improved.
また、液状燃料成分が大きな粒状に集合することを阻止
することができる。Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the liquid fuel components from aggregating into large particles.
（２）大ベンチユリ
大ベンチユリ１１は小ベンチユリ９の内面形状と同様な
形状をしており、その作用も小ベンチユリのそれとほぼ
同じで、小口径部の圧力は比較的低く、この小口径部か
ら下方に向けて口径が除々に拡大しているため、圧力も
下方に向けて漸次増加する。(2) Large bench lily The large bench lily 11 has a similar shape to the inner surface of the small bench lily 9, and its function is almost the same as that of the small bench lily. Since the aperture gradually expands downward, the pressure also gradually increases downward.
大ベンチユリ１１の作用は小ベンチユリ９からの液状燃
料成分を更に気化させることであって、空気−燃料混合
流が小ベンチユリ９を通過すると、口径が急激に増大す
る大ベンチユリ１１に至るため、液状燃料成分は大ベン
チユリ１１の内壁面に向けて偏向され、内壁面に沿って
降下する。The function of the large bench lily 11 is to further vaporize the liquid fuel component from the small bench lily 9, and when the air-fuel mixture flow passes through the small bench lily 9, it reaches the large bench lily 11 whose diameter increases rapidly. The fuel components are deflected toward the inner wall surface of the large bench lily 11 and descend along the inner wall surface.
ここで、本発明によって、大ベンチユリ１１の内壁面の
うち空気の流通方向に沿って小口径部から大口径部に至
る部分を孔径１２μ以下の微細な多孔性物質１１ａによ
って被覆すると、矢印Ｂのように大ベンチユリの壁面に
偏向された粉霧状液体燃料成分は多孔性物質中に吸着さ
れ、低圧の大口径部に移動する間に矢印Ｃで示すように
多孔性物質の内面から気体となって放出される。Here, according to the present invention, if the inner wall surface of the large bench lily 11 is covered with a fine porous substance 11a having a pore diameter of 12μ or less along the direction of air flow from the small diameter part to the large diameter part, as shown by the arrow B. The atomized liquid fuel component deflected onto the wall of the large bench lily is adsorbed into the porous material, and as it moves to the low-pressure large diameter section, it becomes a gas from the inner surface of the porous material as shown by arrow C. released.
この作用は小ベンチユリ９で述べたのと同様である。This effect is similar to that described for the small bench lily 9.
このように、大ベンチユリ１１の内壁面を孔径１２μ以
下の微細な多孔性物質１１ａで被覆すると、従来の中実
な金属内壁面からなる大ベンチユリを備えた気化器に較
べて、燃料気化率が顕著に向上せられるとともに、液状
燃料成分が気化器の内壁面に沿って降下して吸気マニホ
ルドに入るのを阻止することができる。In this way, when the inner wall surface of the large bench lily 11 is coated with the fine porous material 11a with a pore diameter of 12μ or less, the fuel vaporization rate is increased compared to a conventional carburetor equipped with a large bench lily made of a solid metal inner wall surface. This is significantly improved and the liquid fuel components can be prevented from descending along the inner wall surface of the carburetor and entering the intake manifold.
当初の実験において用いた多孔性物質は焼石膏で、これ
を水とともに低濃度に混合し、大ベンチユリの前記部分
にブラックで軽く塗布した。The porous material used in the original experiment was calcined gypsum, which was mixed with water at a low concentration and lightly painted black onto the area of the large bench lily.
この際、多孔性物質の層の厚さが大きすぎると、エンジ
ンの性能が低下することが認められ、厚さの規準として
は多孔性物質を塗布した場合にその透明性が害われない
程度とすることで、０．３ｍｍ以下が好適であった。At this time, it is recognized that if the thickness of the layer of porous material is too large, engine performance will deteriorate, so the thickness standard is such that the transparency of the porous material is not impaired when it is applied. By doing so, 0.3 mm or less was suitable.
３）絞り弁
絞り弁の作用は内燃機関に供給される空気−燃料混合物
の量を制御することで、従ってエンジンの速度即ち回転
数を制御する。3) Throttle Valve The action of the throttle valve is to control the amount of air-fuel mixture supplied to the internal combustion engine, and thus the speed or rotational speed of the engine.
公知の通常の絞り弁は軸１３に取付けられた中実な金属
製円板であって、軸１３を回転することによって内燃機
関内に吸引される空気−燃料混合物の量を制御するよう
に移動するものである。A known conventional throttle valve is a solid metal disc mounted on a shaft 13 and moved by rotation of the shaft 13 to control the amount of air-fuel mixture drawn into the internal combustion engine. It is something to do.
本発明では、絞り弁１２、即ち円板状部、を孔径１２μ
以下の微細な多孔性物質から形成する。In the present invention, the throttle valve 12, that is, the disk-shaped portion, has a hole diameter of 12 μm.
It is formed from the following fine porous materials.
この場合、内燃機関の速度制御機能は通常の中実な金属
円板からなる絞り弁間様に達成することができる。In this case, the speed control function of the internal combustion engine can be achieved in the same way as a throttle valve consisting of a conventional solid metal disk.
即ち、絞り弁１２が孔径１２μ以下の微細な多孔性物質
から形成されているため、気化器の上流側から来る空気
−燃料混合流中に含まれている液状燃料成分は矢印りで
示すように多孔性絞り弁１２の上面に衝突してこれに吸
着される。That is, since the throttle valve 12 is made of a fine porous material with a pore diameter of 12μ or less, the liquid fuel component contained in the air-fuel mixed flow coming from the upstream side of the carburetor flows as shown by the arrow. It collides with the upper surface of the porous throttle valve 12 and is adsorbed thereto.
ここで、絞り弁を形成する多孔性物質の孔径は極めて微
小で空気並びに気化した気体燃料成分が貫通するのを実
質的に阻止するため、空気並びに気体燃料成分は矢印Ｅ
で示したように絞り弁１２の周辺へと迂回する。Here, since the pore diameter of the porous material forming the throttle valve is extremely small and substantially prevents air and vaporized gaseous fuel components from penetrating, the air and gaseous fuel components are
As shown in , it detours around the throttle valve 12 .
微細な多孔性の絞り弁の上面と下面との間には圧力差が
形成され、下面側が低圧であるため、絞り弁に衝突して
上面側に吸着された液状燃料成分は下面側から気体状と
なって放出される。A pressure difference is formed between the top and bottom surfaces of the finely porous throttle valve, and the lower pressure is lower, so the liquid fuel component that collides with the throttle valve and is adsorbed on the top side is converted into gas from the bottom side. and is released.
このように、絞り弁１２が孔径１２μ以下の微細な多孔
性物質から形成された場合には、絞り弁を中実な金属か
ら形成した場合に較べて燃料の気化率は顕著に改善され
る。In this way, when the throttle valve 12 is formed from a fine porous material with a pore diameter of 12 μm or less, the vaporization rate of the fuel is significantly improved compared to when the throttle valve is formed from a solid metal.
図示のタイプの本発明に係る装置を用いて、排気ガス中
に含まれる一酸化炭素ＣＯ並びに炭化水素ＨＣの排出量
と単位燃料当りの走行距離のテストを行った。Using a device according to the invention of the type shown, tests were carried out on the emissions of carbon monoxide CO and hydrocarbons HC contained in the exhaust gas and on the distance traveled per unit of fuel.
テストでは「いすずフローリアン」を用い、本発明のよ
うに多孔性物質を配設した場合と従来のように多孔性物
質を使用しない場合の各々について行った。The test was conducted using "Isuzu Florian" for both the case where a porous material was provided as in the present invention and the case where no porous material was used as in the past.
使用した多孔性物質は焼石膏で、その孔径は約２μであ
った。The porous material used was calcined gypsum, the pore size of which was approximately 2 microns.
大ベンチユリには前記当該部分に多孔性物質を厚さ約０
．２ ｍｍに塗布した。For the large bench lily, apply a porous material to the said area to a thickness of approximately 0.
．． It was applied to a thickness of 2 mm.
焼石膏から形成した絞り弁を構造上の強度を持たせるた
めに金属製枠に取付け、この絞り弁の肉厚を約２．５
ｍｍとした。A throttle valve made of plaster of Paris is attached to a metal frame for structural strength, and the wall thickness of this throttle valve is approximately 2.5 mm.
mm.
テストでは、ＣＯとＨＣのガス検出器を排気管中に取付
けるとともに、各ガスの量を示すメータを直読できるよ
うに車内に取付けた。In the test, CO and HC gas detectors were installed in the exhaust pipe, and meters indicating the amount of each gas were installed inside the car so that they could be read directly.
このメーターの値は相対的なガス量を示すもので、具体
的なパーセント、Ｐ、Ｐ、Ｍ、或いはｇｒｍｓ／ｋｍ等
を示すものではない。The value on this meter indicates the relative amount of gas and does not indicate specific percentages, P, P, M, or grms/km.
また、これらメーターとは別にガソリン単位リットル当
りの走行距離を具体的に示すメーターを取付けた。In addition to these meters, a meter was also installed to specifically indicate the distance traveled per liter of gasoline.
上記表中において、メーター読値１０とは設置したメー
ターの最大値を越えて指針が動いたことを意味し、より
大きな値を有するメーターが設置されていたら、この読
値は１５或いはそれ以上の値になっていたかもしれない
。In the table above, a meter reading of 10 means that the pointer has moved beyond the maximum value of the installed meter; if a meter with a higher value was installed, this reading would be 15 or more. It might have been.
更に、上記実験において、本発明の気化器の各部に多孔
性物質を配設した場合には、燃料供給口の直径を通常の
気化器のそれよりも３０％減少させた場合でも、通常の
気化器と同様なエンジン出力及び性能を得ることができ
ることが判明した。Furthermore, in the above experiment, when a porous material was provided in each part of the carburetor of the present invention, even when the diameter of the fuel supply port was reduced by 30% compared to that of a normal carburetor, normal vaporization remained. It has been found that it is possible to obtain engine output and performance similar to that of
これは、本発明の気化器では気化した燃料成分が増大し
たことによるものである。This is because the amount of vaporized fuel components increased in the carburetor of the present invention.
また、従来の気化器を用いたことによってカーボンが金
属部に多量に蓄積した点化プラグを本発明の気化器を用
いた自動車に装填して約５００１ａｆｌ走行したところ
点化プラグは清浄化され、カーボンの付着がなくなって
いた。Furthermore, when a car using the carburetor of the present invention was loaded with a dot plug, in which a large amount of carbon had accumulated on the metal parts due to the use of a conventional carburetor, and the car was driven for approximately 5001 afl, the dot plug was cleaned. Carbon adhesion was gone.
更には、排気管内面に付着していたカーボンに変化が起
こり、排気管内面の色は中褐色に変色した。Furthermore, the carbon adhering to the inside of the exhaust pipe changed, and the color of the inside of the exhaust pipe changed to medium brown.
このことは、排気ガス中に遊離したカーボンが存在しな
いこと、また中褐色はガソリンの添加物に起因している
ことが判明した。This revealed that there was no free carbon in the exhaust gas and that the medium brown color was due to additives in the gasoline.
以上のように本発明に依れば、空気−燃料混合物の直線
的な流動が変化し、該混合物の流動方向に沿って圧力変
化が生じるベンチュリ及び絞り弁の少なくとも何れか一
方に孔径が１２μ以下の多孔性物質を配設してなり、該
多孔性物質は液状燃料で濡らされた時に通気性を失うも
のであるため、空気と気化した燃料成分は従来同様に流
通するのに対し、未気化の液状燃料成分だけが多孔性物
質中に効果的に捕捉されその下流側において気体状で放
出され空気と良好に混合されるため、エンジン燃焼室に
供給される空気−燃料混合物はほぼ完全に燃焼され、Ｃ
ＯとＨＣの排出量を減少させるとともに単位ガソリン消
費量当りの走行距離を増大させるのである。As described above, according to the present invention, at least one of the venturi and the throttle valve, in which the linear flow of the air-fuel mixture changes and the pressure changes along the flow direction of the mixture, has a hole diameter of 12 μm or less. The porous material loses air permeability when wetted with liquid fuel, so air and vaporized fuel components circulate as before, whereas unvaporized fuel components The air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine combustion chamber is almost completely combusted, since only the liquid fuel component of and C
This reduces O and HC emissions and increases the mileage per unit of gasoline consumed.
図は本発明の好適な実施例に係る気化器の要部を示す一
部断面斜視図である。
１・・・・・・気化器、５・・・・・・主燃料供給口、
９・・・・・・小ベンチユリ、９ａ・・・・・・多孔性
物質、１１・・・・・・大ベンチユリ、１１ａ・・・・
・・多孔性物質、１２・・・・・・多孔性物質製絞り弁
。The figure is a partially sectional perspective view showing the main parts of a carburetor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 1... Carburizer, 5... Main fuel supply port,
9...Small bench lily, 9a...Porous material, 11...Large bench lily, 11a...
... Porous material, 12... Throttle valve made of porous material.
Claims (1)
となってベンチュリ内に放出され、該ベンチュリ下流の
絞り弁を介してエンジンと連通される内燃機関用電化器
において、空気−燃料混合物の直線的な流動が変化し、
該混合物の流動方向に沿って圧力変化が生じる該ベンチ
ュリ及び該絞り弁の少なくとも何れか一方吟、孔径が１
２μ以下の多孔性物質を配設してなり、該多孔性物質は
液状燃料で濡らされた時に通気性を失うものであること
を特徴とする内燃機関用気化器。 ２ 前記多孔性物質が前記ベンチュリの小径部から大径
部に室る部分に施されてなることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第１ｉ記載の内燃機関用気化器。 ３ 前記多孔性物質が前記絞り弁を構成していることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項または第２項記載の内
燃機関用気化器。 ４ 前記多孔性物質が小ベンチユリの小径部から大径部
に至る部分を構成してなることを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第２項記載の内燃機関用気化器。 ５ 前記多孔性物質が大ベンチユリの小径部から大径部
に亘って厚さ０．３ ｍｍ以下に被検されてなることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第２項記載の内燃機関用気化
器。[Scope of Claims] 1. In an electrifier for an internal combustion engine, in which liquid fuel in a float chamber is released in atomized form from a main fuel supply port into a venturi, and is communicated with an engine via a throttle valve downstream of the venturi. , the linear flow of the air-fuel mixture changes;
At least one of the venturi and the throttle valve, in which a pressure change occurs along the flow direction of the mixture, has a hole diameter of 1.
1. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine, comprising a porous material having a size of 2 μm or less, the porous material losing air permeability when wetted with liquid fuel. 2. The carburetor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1i, wherein the porous material is applied to a portion of the venturi that extends from the small diameter section to the large diameter section. 3. The carburetor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous material constitutes the throttle valve. 4. The carburetor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the porous material constitutes a portion of a small bench lily from a small diameter portion to a large diameter portion. 5. The carburetor for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the porous material is tested to a thickness of 0.3 mm or less from the small diameter part to the large diameter part of a large bench lily. .
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US73228876A | 1976-10-14 | 1976-10-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5349635A JPS5349635A (en) | 1978-05-06 |
| JPS5815617B2 true JPS5815617B2 (en) | 1983-03-26 |
Family
ID=24942954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP52006359A Expired JPS5815617B2 (en) | 1976-10-14 | 1977-01-25 | Carburetor for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5815617B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2367923A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55177051U (en) * | 1979-06-06 | 1980-12-19 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50130931A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1975-10-16 | ||
| JPS52147240A (en) * | 1976-06-03 | 1977-12-07 | Tokyo Sintered Metal Co Ltd | Carburetor for internal combustion engine |
| JPS539917A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-01-28 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Intake pipe for internal combustion engine |
-
1977
- 1977-01-25 JP JP52006359A patent/JPS5815617B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-14 FR FR7730944A patent/FR2367923A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50130931A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1975-10-16 | ||
| JPS52147240A (en) * | 1976-06-03 | 1977-12-07 | Tokyo Sintered Metal Co Ltd | Carburetor for internal combustion engine |
| JPS539917A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-01-28 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Intake pipe for internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5349635A (en) | 1978-05-06 |
| FR2367923A1 (en) | 1978-05-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4088104A (en) | Device and method for improving vaporization rate of volatile fuels | |
| US3778038A (en) | Method and apparatus for mixing and modulating liquid fuel and intake air for an internal combustion engine | |
| US4223642A (en) | Method for improving the combustion efficiency of hydrocarbon fuel in the internal combustion engine | |
| US10022705B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst | |
| US3336734A (en) | Fuel vaporizing assembly | |
| US4040403A (en) | Air-fuel mixture control system | |
| JPS624546B2 (en) | ||
| US4269793A (en) | Carburettor for internal engine | |
| EP0066245B1 (en) | Fuel supplement supplying device for an internal combustion engine | |
| JPS5815617B2 (en) | Carburetor for internal combustion engine | |
| US4132752A (en) | Apparatus for providing a uniform combustible air-fuel mixture | |
| JPH04237860A (en) | Evaporated fuel processor | |
| US3653643A (en) | Carburetor | |
| JP3343259B2 (en) | Fuel supply system for IC engine | |
| US3528225A (en) | Fluid injecting apparatus for internal combustion engines | |
| US3999526A (en) | Vaporizing carburetor | |
| US4098231A (en) | Apparatus for improving the efficiency and reducing the hydrocarbon emissions of carbureted engines | |
| GB1593199A (en) | Carburettor for an internal combustion engine | |
| CN104100412A (en) | Automobile gasoline carburetor and operation method thereof | |
| JPS5834669B2 (en) | Suikomibunifunmushita Kuukiekitaikongobutsuo Kiyoukiyuusuru Souchi | |
| JP2000502417A (en) | Fuel economy optimization device and carbon dioxide emission reduction device based on air-vacuum liquid compensator | |
| JPS6131166Y2 (en) | ||
| US5694888A (en) | Fuel consumption optimizer and exhaust emissions reducer based on an air-vacuum liquid compensation system | |
| US4593671A (en) | Supplemental carburetion device | |
| JPH02500533A (en) | Fuel saving device for internal combustion engines |