JPS58143259A - Measuring apparatus of electrophoresis - Google Patents
Measuring apparatus of electrophoresisInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58143259A JPS58143259A JP57027957A JP2795782A JPS58143259A JP S58143259 A JPS58143259 A JP S58143259A JP 57027957 A JP57027957 A JP 57027957A JP 2795782 A JP2795782 A JP 2795782A JP S58143259 A JPS58143259 A JP S58143259A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrophoresis
- velocity
- particles
- detected
- migration velocity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は溶液中における細胞その他の荷電浮遊粒子の電
気泳動速度を測定する装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the electrophoretic velocity of cells and other charged suspended particles in a solution.
電気泳動管同番こおいて浮遊荷電粒子は色々な原因で運
動している。このうち一般に最も顕著に現れるのは溶液
自体の運動に乗った運動であり、測定目的である電界の
作用による運動速度は一般にきわめて小さく細胞の場合
１０μｍ／秒の程度である。即ち浮遊荷電粒子の電気泳
動速度を測定しようとする場合、目的の信号に対して雑
音のレベルカ大へん高い。本発明はこのような電気泳動
速度の測定における雑音処理を目的とするものである。Charged particles floating in an electrophoresis tube move for various reasons. Of these, the movement that appears most conspicuously is the movement caused by the movement of the solution itself, and the movement speed due to the action of the electric field, which is the object of measurement, is generally extremely small, on the order of 10 μm/sec in the case of cells. That is, when trying to measure the electrophoretic velocity of floating charged particles, the level of noise is much higher than the target signal. The present invention aims at noise processing in such electrophoretic velocity measurements.
以下実施例によって本発明を説明する。The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.
第４図は本発明の一実施例を示す。１は電気泳動管で両
端にバルブｖ１ ；ｖ２が設けられている。FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes an electrophoresis tube, and valves v1 and v2 are provided at both ends.
バルブｖ１．ｖ２は試料交換に用いるもので、電気泳動
速度測定中は両バルブは閉じてあり、試料交換の際両バ
ルブを開いて、ｖｌを通してまず洗滌液を管内に流通さ
せ、その後で新しい試料粒子浮遊液を管ｌ内に送ってバ
ルブｖ１ 、ｖ２を閉じる。２，３は電気泳動管の両端
寄りで電気泳動管ｌにフィルタ４・を介して接続された
電極槽で、夫々の槽には電極５，６が挿入しである。フ
ィルタ４は管１内の溶液と電極槽２，３内の溶液とを電
気的に接続し、しかも溶液の流通は阻止する半透過性の
膜層である。以上の電気・泳動装置の構成は従来と同じ
である。この構成によるときは電気泳動速度の測定中は
前述したようにバルブｖ１．ｖ２が閉じてあり、フィル
タ４も液の流通を許さないから電気泳動管１は完全に閉
鎖されており、同管内に一方向の液の流れは生じない筈
である。しかし実際に浮遊粒子の運動を観察すると電極
５゜６間に電圧を印加しない場合でむ電気泳動と同程度
或はそれ以」二の一方向の浮遊粒子の運動が認められる
。このような浮遊粒子の電界の作用によらない一方向の
運動の原因の主たるものは電気泳動管における液もれと
考えられる。Valve v1. v2 is used for sample exchange; both valves are closed during electrophoresis velocity measurement, and when replacing the sample, both valves are opened to first allow the washing solution to flow into the tube through vl, and then to introduce a new sample particle suspension. is sent into pipe l and valves v1 and v2 are closed. Reference numerals 2 and 3 denote electrode tanks connected to the electrophoresis tube l via a filter 4 near both ends of the electrophoresis tube, and electrodes 5 and 6 are inserted into each tank. The filter 4 is a semi-permeable membrane layer that electrically connects the solution in the tube 1 and the solutions in the electrode tanks 2 and 3, and prevents the solution from flowing. The configuration of the electrophoresis device described above is the same as the conventional one. With this configuration, during measurement of electrophoresis velocity, valve v1. Since the electrophoresis tube 1 is completely closed and the filter 4 does not allow the flow of liquid, the electrophoresis tube 1 is completely closed, and there should be no unidirectional flow of liquid within the tube. However, when the movement of the suspended particles is actually observed, it is observed that the movement of the suspended particles in one direction is comparable to or even greater than the electrophoresis that occurs when no voltage is applied between the electrodes. The main cause of such unidirectional movement of suspended particles that is not caused by the action of the electric field is considered to be liquid leakage in the electrophoresis tube.
本発明の特徴は上述した電気泳動装置の構成に電極ｊの
極性切換え手段と検出された試料粒子の電気泳動速度の
データに対する演算処理手段とを付加した点にある。第
１図で７は直流電源、８は２極双投のり換えスイッチで
電極５．６間に印加する電圧の極性を切換えるようにな
っている。この実施例では浮遊粒子の電気泳動速度の測
定は光学系９によって光学的に行われる。即ち電気泳動
管１を適当な光源で照明し、拡大投影レンズによって格
子上に浮遊粒子の像を形成させる。この場合浮遊粒子の
像は輝いた点として格子上に形成されており、粒子の移
動に従ってこの像の輝点が格子上を移動すると格子透過
光の強さが周期的に変化し、その周期は粒子の移動速度
番こよって定まる。The feature of the present invention is that a polarity switching means for the electrode j and an arithmetic processing means for data on the electrophoretic velocity of detected sample particles are added to the structure of the electrophoresis apparatus described above. In FIG. 1, 7 is a DC power supply, and 8 is a two-pole, double-throw switch for switching the polarity of the voltage applied between the electrodes 5 and 6. In this embodiment, the electrophoretic velocity of suspended particles is measured optically by an optical system 9. That is, the electrophoresis tube 1 is illuminated with a suitable light source, and an image of the suspended particles is formed on the grid using a magnifying projection lens. In this case, the image of the floating particles is formed as a bright spot on the grid, and as the bright spot of this image moves on the grid as the particles move, the intensity of the light transmitted through the grid changes periodically, and the period is This is determined by the moving speed of the particles.
従って格子透過光を測光すると、多数の浮遊粒子の像に
よる種々な周波数（粒子の運動速度のばらつきによる）
の信号を重ねた形の信号が得られる。Therefore, when the grating transmitted light is photometered, various frequencies (due to variations in particle motion speed) due to the images of many suspended particles are detected.
A signal that is a superposition of the signals is obtained.
１０は波形解析器で上述した測光出力をフーリエ変換し
て測光出力信号の成分周波数のスペクトルを算出する。10 is a waveform analyzer that performs Fourier transform on the above-mentioned photometric output to calculate a spectrum of component frequencies of the photometric output signal.
この周波数スペクトルは多数の浮遊粒子の移動速度の分
布を示す。この分布から電極５．６間に一方向の電圧を
印加したときの粒子の平均速度が得られる。前述したよ
うにこのようにして得られた測定データが既述の「検出
された電気泳動速度のデータ」である。もちろんこ＼で
は検出された電気泳動速度のデータを得る手段そのもの
は任意であり」二連したような光学的方法に眼下
定されない。鎖線Ａからグ側が検出された電気泳動速度
のデータに演算処理を加える部分で、１１は泳動速度差
算出手段で、電極５．６に一方向の電圧を印加したとき
の検出された電気泳動速度と電極印加電圧の極性を反対
にしたときの検出された電気泳動速度との差を算出する
。真の電気泳動速度をＵとし、電気泳動管１内の一方向
の流れ等による浮遊粒子の電気泳動によらない一方向の
移動速度をθとすると、上述差の値は２ｅとなる。This frequency spectrum shows the distribution of moving velocities of a large number of suspended particles. From this distribution, the average velocity of the particles when a unidirectional voltage is applied between the electrodes 5 and 6 can be obtained. As described above, the measurement data obtained in this manner is the previously described "data of detected electrophoretic velocity." Of course, in this case, the means for obtaining data on the detected electrophoretic velocity is arbitrary and is not currently limited to a dual optical method. The part on the negative side of the chain line A is the part that performs arithmetic processing on the data of the detected electrophoretic velocity, and 11 is a migration velocity difference calculation means, which calculates the detected electrophoretic velocity when a unidirectional voltage is applied to the electrode 5.6. and the electrophoretic velocity detected when the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrodes is reversed. If the true electrophoresis speed is U, and the moving speed of suspended particles in one direction not due to electrophoresis due to a one-way flow in the electrophoresis tube 1 is θ, then the value of the above-mentioned difference is 2e.
１２は上述した２つの電気泳動速度の絶対値の平均を算
出する手段で、平均値においては前記θは相殺されて消
えている。１３は判定手段で泳動速度差算出手段１１の
出力を一定レベルと比較し、差の値がそのレベルを超過
しているときは異常の警告を発し、検出された電気泳動
速度のデータを無効とせしめる。■４はプリンタ或は数
字表示器等の表示手段で平均算出手段１２によって得ら
れた試料粒子の電気泳動速度を表示する。上述した演算
及び表示は電極５．６に印加する電圧の極性の切換えと
同期して行うが、それらの制御は制御回路１５によって
行う。Reference numeral 12 denotes means for calculating the average of the absolute values of the two electrophoresis velocities mentioned above, and in the average value, the above-mentioned θ is canceled out and disappears. 13 is a determination means that compares the output of the electrophoresis speed difference calculation means 11 with a certain level, and when the difference value exceeds the level, issues an abnormality warning and invalidates the data of the detected electrophoresis speed. urge (2) 4 displays the electrophoretic velocity of the sample particles obtained by the average calculation means 12 using a display means such as a printer or a numerical display. The above calculations and display are performed in synchronization with switching the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrodes 5.6, and these are controlled by the control circuit 15.
上述した実施例では検出された電気泳動速度データに対
して加える演算処理は電極印加電圧の各極性につき一つ
のデータを用いているが、電極電圧の極性の切換えを多
数回繰返し、各場合毎に検出される電気泳動速度データ
を各電極電圧極性毎に分別して夫々に分布を採り、異常
値を除いて平均するようにしてもよく、平均の方法も単
純な算術平均の他場合によって種々な平均法を用い得る
。In the above embodiment, the calculation processing applied to the detected electrophoresis velocity data uses one data for each polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode, but the polarity of the electrode voltage is switched many times, and in each case The detected electrophoretic velocity data may be separated for each electrode voltage polarity, each distribution taken, and abnormal values removed and averaged.The averaging method may be a simple arithmetic average or various averages depending on the case. law can be used.
本発明電気泳動測定装置は上述したような構成で、荷電
粒子の電気泳動に重畳して一方向の移動を与え見掛上の
電気泳動速度に偏角を生ぜしめる種々な効果を相殺し得
るから電気泳動速度の測定の正確さが向上する。With the above-described configuration, the electrophoresis measurement device of the present invention can superimpose the electrophoresis of charged particles to cause movement in one direction, thereby canceling out various effects that cause deviations in the apparent electrophoresis velocity. The accuracy of electrophoretic velocity measurements is improved.
図面は本発明の一実施例装置の構成を示すブロツク図で
ある。
１・・・電気泳動管、５，６・・・電極、８・・・極性
切換えスイッチ。The drawing is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Electrophoresis tube, 5, 6... Electrode, 8... Polarity changeover switch.
Claims (1)
夫々の電圧のもとての試料粒子の電気泳動速度を検出し
、検出された電気泳動速度のデータに対して演算処理を
施して判定或は表示を行うようにしたことを特徴とする
電気泳動測定装置。 （２）検出された電気泳動速度のデータに対して行う演
算処理が夫々の電圧方向において検出された電気泳動速
度の差或は比を求めるもので、算出された差或は比が所
定レベルを超えている場合、検出された電気泳動速度の
データを無効と判定するようにした特許請求の範囲第１
項記載の電気泳動測定装置。 （３）夫々の電圧方向において検出された電気泳動速度
のデータを平均化して表示するようにした特許請求の範
囲第１項或は第２項記載の電気泳動測定装置。[Claims] [++ Switching the direction of the voltage applied to the electrophoresis tube,
Electrophoresis characterized by detecting the electrophoretic velocity of sample particles under each voltage, performing arithmetic processing on the data of the detected electrophoretic velocity, and performing judgment or display. measuring device. (2) The arithmetic processing performed on the detected electrophoretic velocity data calculates the difference or ratio of the electrophoretic velocity detected in each voltage direction, and if the calculated difference or ratio exceeds a predetermined level. Claim 1 in which the detected electrophoretic velocity data is determined to be invalid if it exceeds the
The electrophoresis measurement device described in Section 1. (3) The electrophoresis measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrophoresis velocity data detected in each voltage direction is averaged and displayed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57027957A JPS58143259A (en) | 1982-02-22 | 1982-02-22 | Measuring apparatus of electrophoresis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57027957A JPS58143259A (en) | 1982-02-22 | 1982-02-22 | Measuring apparatus of electrophoresis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58143259A true JPS58143259A (en) | 1983-08-25 |
| JPS6367851B2 JPS6367851B2 (en) | 1988-12-27 |
Family
ID=12235367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57027957A Granted JPS58143259A (en) | 1982-02-22 | 1982-02-22 | Measuring apparatus of electrophoresis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58143259A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006150828A (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-15 | Janome Sewing Mach Co Ltd | Imprinter |
| KR100907289B1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-07-13 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Method for testing fluidity of compound paticle used in epaper display |
-
1982
- 1982-02-22 JP JP57027957A patent/JPS58143259A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006150828A (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-15 | Janome Sewing Mach Co Ltd | Imprinter |
| KR100907289B1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2009-07-13 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Method for testing fluidity of compound paticle used in epaper display |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6367851B2 (en) | 1988-12-27 |
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