JPS5814036Y2 - Inert gas replacement device for the melting chamber of precision casting machines - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は、金属製の身装具・工芸品・義歯、又は工業用
小物を鋳造する精密鋳造機において、溶解材料の酸化を
防ぐために溶解室内を空気から不活性力スにガス置換す
る装置に関し５、そのガス置換のための鋳造機本体の構
造を簡単にしたうえ、その配管を短縮で゛きるようにす
ることを目的とする。[Detailed description of the invention] This invention is a precision casting machine that casts metal personal accessories, crafts, dentures, or industrial accessories. Regarding a device for gas replacement, an object of the present invention is to simplify the structure of the casting machine body for gas replacement and to shorten the piping.

一般に、上記不活性ガス置換装置とし７て、第５図に示
すように溶解室１に対して、真空ポンプ１６をガス管６
１で、不活性ガスボンベ２４をガス管６２で、互いに別
系統として連結する事が考えられる。Generally, as the inert gas replacement device 7, a vacuum pump 16 is connected to the gas pipe 6 for the melting chamber 1 as shown in FIG.
1, it is conceivable that the inert gas cylinders 24 are connected to each other as separate systems through gas pipes 62.

しかし、この配管構造では次の欠点がある。However, this piping structure has the following drawbacks.

イ、鋳造機本体２９に空気排出孔６３と不活性ガス注入
孔６４との二つの孔を明ける必要がある。B. Two holes, an air exhaust hole 63 and an inert gas injection hole 64, need to be made in the casting machine body 29.

そして各孔６３．６４にそれぞれネジ加工６５．６６を
施して、各管接手６７ 、６８を接続するのであるが、
そのネジ加工６５．６６が２個所要るうえ、管接手６７
．６８も２個要る。Then, each hole 63, 64 is threaded 65, 66, and each pipe joint 67, 68 is connected.
Two screws 65 and 66 are required, and the pipe joint 67
．． I also need two 68's.

ロ、真空引用ガス管６１と不活性ガス供給用ガス管６２
とは、互いに別系統になっているので、ガス管６１．６
２の合計の所要長さが長い。B. Vacuum quotation gas pipe 61 and inert gas supply gas pipe 62
The gas pipes 61.6 and 61.6 are in different systems.
The total required length of 2 is long.

ハ、各ガス管６１．６２にそれぞれ開閉弁６９．７０を
１個づつ合計２個取付ける必要がある。C. It is necessary to install a total of two on-off valves 69 and 70, one on each gas pipe 61 and 62.

しかも、両開閉弁６９．７０の開閉タイミングを同期さ
せるための同期装置７１も要るし、同期のタイミングを
正確に合せにくいうえ、狂いが生ずるおそれもある。In addition, a synchronizer 71 is also required to synchronize the opening and closing timings of both on-off valves 69 and 70, which makes it difficult to synchronize the timings accurately and may cause errors.

本考案は、上記欠点を解消するために、例えば第１図に
示すように、前記二つの開閉弁６９．７０の代りに１個
の三方弁１８を用い、この三方弁１８は溶解室１に直通
するガス出入孔５５、真空ポンプ１６に連通する真空引
孔５６、及び不活性ガスボンベ２４に連通ずる不活性ガ
ス供給孔５７を有し、弁体１８ａが不活性ガス供給孔５
７と真空引孔５６とを択一的に閉じることにより、溶解
室１の真空引きと不活性ガス充填とを選択して行なえる
ようにするものである。In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention uses one three-way valve 18 instead of the two on-off valves 69 and 70, as shown in FIG. It has a gas inlet/outlet hole 55 that communicates directly with the inert gas supply hole 5, a vacuum hole 56 that communicates with the vacuum pump 16, and an inert gas supply hole 57 that communicates with the inert gas cylinder 24.
By selectively closing 7 and the vacuum hole 56, it is possible to selectively evacuate the melting chamber 1 and fill it with an inert gas.

以下、本考案の実施例を図面に基き説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図面は自動精密鋳造機を示し、その鋳造の基本原理は次
の通りである。The drawing shows an automatic precision casting machine, and the basic principle of its casting is as follows.

即ち、溶解室１内において、アーク放電電極２と柱形の
鋳物材料３との間に高電圧を印加して、そこにアーク放
電４を起し、材料３を溶解する。That is, in the melting chamber 1, a high voltage is applied between the arc discharge electrode 2 and the columnar casting material 3 to generate an arc discharge 4 there and melt the material 3.

第４図イ乃至二に示すように、材料３が上がら順に溶は
落ちてるつぼ５に受溜められ、下まで完全に溶けたとき
に、るつぼ５の底壁の流出孔６が固形の材料底部で閉塞
されなくなり、溶解材料３ａが流出孔６及び通過孔７を
通り、鋳込み室８内で鋳型９の湯口１０から造形空洞１
１に流れ込む。As shown in Fig. 4 A to 2, the melt is collected in the crucible 5 where the material 3 falls in order from the top, and when it is completely melted to the bottom, the outflow hole 6 in the bottom wall of the crucible 5 is located at the bottom of the solid material. The molten material 3a passes through the outflow hole 6 and the passage hole 7, and flows from the sprue 10 of the mold 9 into the molding cavity 1 in the casting chamber 8.
Flows into 1.

材料３の溶解前から鋳込み後まで、溶解室１及び鋳込み
室８を不活性ガス雰囲気に保つ事により、材料の酸化等
の変質を防ぐ。By keeping the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 8 in an inert gas atmosphere from before the material 3 is melted to after it is poured, deterioration such as oxidation of the material is prevented.

また、不活性ガスを差圧３．７５ ｋｇ／Ｃｍ２で溶解
室１から隙間通路１２、通過孔７、鋳型９内の湯口１０
、造形空洞１１．通気性埋没材１３を経て鋳込み室に流
し続ける事により、材料３が完全に溶解して鋳型９に流
れ込む際に、溶解材料３ａを不活性ガス流に乗せて鋳型
９の造形空洞１１の奥深くまでスムースに流れ込ませた
後、差圧３．７ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で押圧し続けて、湯回り
をよくする。In addition, an inert gas was supplied from the melting chamber 1 to the gap passage 12, the passage hole 7, and the sprue 10 in the mold 9 at a differential pressure of 3.75 kg/Cm2.
, modeling cavity 11. By continuing to flow into the casting chamber through the breathable investment material 13, when the material 3 is completely melted and flows into the mold 9, the melted material 3a is carried by the inert gas flow and reaches deep into the modeling cavity 11 of the mold 9. After letting it flow smoothly, keep pressing with a differential pressure of 3.7 kg/cm2 to improve the water circulation.

このため不活性ガス流の制御は次のように行なう。For this reason, the inert gas flow is controlled as follows.

即ち、電気制御装置１４の起動ボタン１５を押すと、真
空ポンプ１６が始動し、溶解室１がガス管１７．２０、
電磁三方弁１８、接続器１９を経て真空引きされるとと
もに、鋳込み室８がガス管２０，２１．ストレーナ２２
を経て真空引きされる。That is, when the start button 15 of the electric control device 14 is pressed, the vacuum pump 16 is started, and the melting chamber 1 is connected to the gas pipes 17, 20,
The casting chamber 8 is evacuated via the electromagnetic three-way valve 18 and the connector 19, and the casting chamber 8 is connected to the gas pipes 20, 21 . Strainer 22
It is then evacuated.

溶解室１及び鋳込み室８が−０、７ｋｇ／Ｃｍ２になる
と、真空スイッチ２３が作動して、電磁三方弁１８の弁
体１８ａが左行され、溶解室１は真空引きが停止される
と同時に、ボンベ２４からアルゴン等の不活性ガスが圧
力設定弁２５で３ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２に設定されて、ガス管
１７．２５’、電磁三方弁１８を経て注入され、３気圧
に保たれる。When the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 8 reach -0.7 kg/Cm2, the vacuum switch 23 is activated, the valve body 18a of the electromagnetic three-way valve 18 is moved to the left, and the evacuation of the melting chamber 1 is stopped. An inert gas such as argon is set at 3 kg/cm2 from a cylinder 24 through a pressure setting valve 25, and is injected through a gas pipe 17, 25' and an electromagnetic three-way valve 18, and maintained at 3 atmospheres.

鋳込み室８は鋳込み完了まで真空引きされ続ける。The casting chamber 8 continues to be evacuated until the casting is completed.

溶解室１が０．５ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２を経過したときに、圧
力スイッチ２６が作動して、アーク電源２７をオンさせ
、アーク放電電極２と材料３との間にアーク４を起させ
る。When the pressure in the melting chamber 1 exceeds 0.5 kg/cm2, the pressure switch 26 is activated to turn on the arc power source 27, causing an arc 4 to occur between the arc discharge electrode 2 and the material 3.

鋳込み完了後に、電気制御装置１４が、真空ポンプ１６
及び電磁三方弁１８を作動停止させ、弁体１８ ａを右
行させて、真空引き及び不活性ガス注入を停止し、溶解
室１内の不活性ガスを各ガス管１７．２５’、電磁三方
弁１８、接続器１９を介して逆止弁２８から大気中に逃
すとともに、その一部を鋳込み室８に引込ませる。After the casting is completed, the electric control device 14 turns on the vacuum pump 16.
Then, the electromagnetic three-way valve 18 is deactivated, the valve body 18 a is moved to the right, and evacuation and inert gas injection are stopped. It is released into the atmosphere from the check valve 28 via the valve 18 and the connector 19, and a part of it is drawn into the casting chamber 8.

これにより、溶解室１及び鋳込み室８が大気圧になり、
鋳造が完了する。As a result, the melting chamber 1 and the casting chamber 8 are brought to atmospheric pressure,
Casting is completed.

次に、溶解室１の不活性ガス置換装置を具体的に説明す
る。Next, the inert gas replacement device for the melting chamber 1 will be specifically explained.

鋳造機本体２９内に溶解室１が密閉に形成され、溶解室
１にるつぼ５内の鋳物材料３の溶解手段としてアーク放
電電極２が設けられ、溶解室１の背壁の上部にガス置換
孔５２が明けられている。A melting chamber 1 is hermetically formed in the casting machine body 29, and an arc discharge electrode 2 is provided in the melting chamber 1 as a means for melting the casting material 3 in the crucible 5. A gas exchange hole is provided in the upper part of the back wall of the melting chamber 1. 52 is dawning.

電磁三方弁１８の弁箱５３内の弁室５４の右端壁にガス
出入孔５５と不活性ガス供給孔５７とが明き、弁室５４
の左端壁に真空引孔５６を明いている。A gas inlet/outlet hole 55 and an inert gas supply hole 57 are open on the right end wall of the valve chamber 54 in the valve box 53 of the electromagnetic three-way valve 18, and the valve chamber 54
A vacuum hole 56 is provided in the left end wall of the vacuum pump.

溶解室１のガス置換孔５２から管継手５８を介して導出
されたガス管１７がガス出入孔５５に接続する。A gas pipe 17 led out from the gas replacement hole 52 of the melting chamber 1 via a pipe joint 58 is connected to the gas inlet/outlet hole 55 .

真空ポンプ１６の吸入口に真空引孔５６が、そして不活
性ガスボンベ２４から圧力設定弁２５を介して導出した
ガス管２５′に不活性ガス供給孔５７がそれぞれ連通す
る。A vacuum hole 56 communicates with the suction port of the vacuum pump 16, and an inert gas supply hole 57 communicates with a gas pipe 25' led out from the inert gas cylinder 24 via a pressure setting valve 25, respectively.

弁室５４内に挿入した弁体１８ ａは、電磁三方弁１８
の通電停止時には右行して、不活性ガス供給孔５７のみ
を閉じる状態になり、通電作動時には左行して真空引孔
５６のみを閉じる状態になる。The valve body 18 a inserted into the valve chamber 54 is the electromagnetic three-way valve 18
When energization is stopped, it moves to the right and only the inert gas supply hole 57 is closed, and when the energization is activated, it moves to the left and only the vacuum hole 56 is closed.

不活性ガス供給孔５７を閉した状態では、ガス出入孔５
５が真空引孔５６に通じ、溶解室１が真空ポンプ１６で
真空引きされる。When the inert gas supply hole 57 is closed, the gas inlet/outlet hole 5
5 communicates with a vacuum hole 56, and the melting chamber 1 is evacuated by a vacuum pump 16.

真空引孔５６を閉じた状態では、ガス出入孔５５が不活
性ガス供給孔５７に通じ、ボンベ２４内の不活性ガスが
溶解室１に注入される。When the vacuum hole 56 is closed, the gas inlet/outlet hole 55 communicates with the inert gas supply hole 57, and the inert gas in the cylinder 24 is injected into the melting chamber 1.

次に、その鋳造機の構造を具体的に説明する。Next, the structure of the casting machine will be specifically explained.

即ち、符号２９はアルミ合金製の鋳造機本体であり、そ
の内部に溶解室１と鋳込み室８とが区画壁３１で上下に
区画して形成される。That is, reference numeral 29 denotes a casting machine body made of aluminum alloy, in which a melting chamber 1 and a casting chamber 8 are vertically divided by partition walls 31 and formed.

区画壁３１の中央に銅製と受台３０が貫通状に固定され
、受台３０の中央に通過孔７が明けられる。A copper pedestal 30 is fixed to the center of the partition wall 31 in a penetrating manner, and a passage hole 7 is formed in the center of the pedestal 30.

通過孔７を挾んで、溶解室１に銅製のるつぼ５が、鋳込
み室８に鋳型９がそれぞれ配置されて、受台３０の上下
各面に接当する。A copper crucible 5 is disposed in the melting chamber 1 and a mold 9 is disposed in the casting chamber 8, sandwiching the passage hole 7, and abuts on the upper and lower surfaces of the pedestal 30.

溶解室１の上部空間の中央にアーク放電電極２が、るつ
ぼ５上に置いた材料３に上から対向する状態に配置され
る。An arc discharge electrode 2 is arranged in the center of the upper space of the melting chamber 1 so as to face the material 3 placed on the crucible 5 from above.

るつぼ５の本体５０は短円柱形で、その上面に材料容室
３２が逆円錐台形に凹設され、その扁平底面からなる材
料受面３３上に円柱形の材料３を立てることができ、材
料受面３３の中央部に流出孔６が明いている。The main body 50 of the crucible 5 has a short cylindrical shape, and the material chamber 32 is recessed in the upper surface in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, and the cylindrical material 3 can be erected on the material receiving surface 33 consisting of a flat bottom surface. An outflow hole 6 is open in the center of the receiving surface 33.

材料容室３２の逆円錐面の全面に断熱溝５１が放射状に
刻設され、各断熱溝５０の溝幅Ｂ及び溝深さＨは、溶解
材料３ａが表面張力で断熱溝５１に流れ込まない寸法に
形成される。Insulating grooves 51 are radially carved on the entire surface of the inverted conical surface of the material chamber 32, and the groove width B and groove depth H of each insulating groove 50 are such that the melted material 3a does not flow into the insulating groove 51 due to surface tension. is formed.

鋳型９は鉄製の円筒型枠３４内に通気性の埋没材１３を
鋳込んで成り、埋没材１３には湯口１０と造形空洞１１
とが形成されている。The mold 9 is made by casting a breathable investment material 13 into a cylindrical iron frame 34, and the investment material 13 has a sprue 10 and a modeling cavity 11.
is formed.

鋳型９は受板３５に載せられ、ハンドル３６を締回す事
により、周面カム式のジヤツキ３７でロッド３８及び受
面３５を介して押上げられて、封止具３９を挾んで受台
３０の下面に気密接当させられる。The mold 9 is placed on the receiving plate 35, and by tightening the handle 36, it is pushed up by the peripheral cam type jack 37 via the rod 38 and the receiving surface 35, and the mold 9 is placed on the receiving plate 30 by sandwiching the sealing tool 39. is brought into airtight contact with the bottom surface of the

鋳造機本体２９の前壁部分４０がフランジ状に形成され
、このフランジ部４０に溶解室１の操作口４１と鋳込み
室８の操作口４２とが上下に並んで開口する。A front wall portion 40 of the casting machine main body 29 is formed into a flange shape, and an operating port 41 of the melting chamber 1 and an operating port 42 of the casting chamber 8 are vertically aligned and open in this flange portion 40.

材料３及びるつぼ５は溶解室１に操作口４１から出し入
れでき、鋳型９は鋳込み室８に操作口４２から出し入れ
できる。The material 3 and the crucible 5 can be taken in and out of the melting chamber 1 through the operation port 41, and the mold 9 can be taken in and out of the casting chamber 8 through the operation port 42.

両操作口４１．４２は一枚の扉式蓋４３で同時に開閉さ
れ、閉蓋ロック機構４４で気密閉蓋ロックできる。Both operation ports 41 and 42 can be opened and closed at the same time by a single door type lid 43, and can be locked airtight by a closing lid locking mechanism 44.

即ち、蓋４３はフランジ部４０に対して、その右端の上
部及び下部の両ヒンジ４５を支点として、開閉自在であ
り、その左端の中間高さ部で閉蓋ロックされる。That is, the lid 43 can be opened and closed with respect to the flange portion 40 using both the upper and lower hinges 45 at the right end as fulcrums, and the lid is locked at the intermediate height portion at the left end.

閉蓋ロック機構４４は、蓋４３に揺動自在に枢支させた
レバー４６と、レバー４６の軸４７の後端に形成した係
止爪４８を係止するためにフランジ部４０の背面に形成
した係止受部４９とからなる。The lid closing locking mechanism 44 is formed on the back surface of the flange portion 40 to lock a lever 46 pivotably supported on the lid 43 and a locking pawl 48 formed at the rear end of a shaft 47 of the lever 46. It consists of a locking receiving part 49.

本考案は、上記のように構成され、作用することから、
次の効果を奏する。Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above,
It has the following effects.

イ、鋳造機本体にはガス置換孔５２を一つ明けるだけで
済み、第５図の従来品の二つ６３．６４明ける場合と比
べて、その孔加工が半減する。(a) Only one gas exchange hole 52 needs to be drilled in the casting machine body, and the hole machining is halved compared to the conventional product shown in FIG. 5, which requires two holes.

そして、その孔に管を接続する構造も二つから一つに減
る。The structure for connecting the pipe to the hole is also reduced from two to one.

口、溶解室のガス置換孔と三方弁のガス出入孔とをつな
ぐガス管１７が、真空引用と不活性ガス供給用の二つの
働きをするので、溶解室と真空ポンプ及び不活性ガスボ
ンベとを接続するガス管１７゜２０．２５’の合計の全
長を短縮できる。The gas pipe 17 that connects the gas exchange hole of the melting chamber and the gas inlet/outlet of the three-way valve has two functions: vacuum extraction and inert gas supply, so the melting chamber is connected to the vacuum pump and inert gas cylinder. The total length of the connected gas pipes 17°20.25' can be shortened.

ハ、溶解室を真空引きするか不活性ガス充填するかの制
御は三方弁１個で行なうので、第５図の従来品の開閉弁
６９．７０が２個要る場合と比べて、弁の数を半減でき
る。C. Controlling whether the melting chamber is evacuated or filled with inert gas is done with one three-way valve, so compared to the case where two on-off valves 69 and 70 are required for the conventional product shown in Fig. 5, the number of valves is reduced. The number can be halved.

しかも、三方弁の作動により、真空引きと不活性ガス充
填との切換のタイミングがおのづと同期するので、従来
品の同期装置７０を省略できるうえ、同期タイミングが
狂い出すこともない。Moreover, since the timing of switching between evacuation and inert gas filling is automatically synchronized by the operation of the three-way valve, the conventional synchronizer 70 can be omitted, and the synchronization timing will not go out of order.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本考案の実施例を示し、第１図は斜視図、第２図
は縦断側面図、第３図は一部取出斜視図、第４図イ乃至
二は材料の溶解から鋳込までの工程を示す要部縦断側面
図、第５図は従来例の要部縦断側面図である。 １・・・・・・溶解室、２・・・・・・溶解手段、３・
・・・・・鋳物材料、１６・・・・・・真空ポンプ、１
７．２５’・・・・・・ガス管、１８・・・・・・三方
弁、１８ａ・・・・・・弁体、２４・・・・・・不活性
ガスボンベ、２９・・・・・・鋳造機本体、５２・・・
・・・ガス置換孔、５３・・・・・・弁箱、５４・・・
・・・弁室、５５・・・・・・ガス出入孔、５６・・・
・・・真空引孔、５７・・・・・・不活性ガス供給孔。The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a perspective view, Fig. 2 is a vertical side view, Fig. 3 is a partially taken out perspective view, and Figs. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the main part of the conventional example. 1...Dissolution chamber, 2...Dissolution means, 3.
...Casting material, 16...Vacuum pump, 1
7.25'... Gas pipe, 18... Three-way valve, 18a... Valve body, 24... Inert gas cylinder, 29...・Casting machine body, 52...
...Gas replacement hole, 53...Valve box, 54...
...Valve chamber, 55...Gas inlet/outlet hole, 56...
. . . Vacuum suction hole, 57 . . . Inert gas supply hole.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 鋳造機本体２９内に溶解室１を密閉に形成し、溶解室１
にるつぼ５内の鋳物材料３の溶解手段２を設け、溶解室
１にガス置換孔５２を明け、三方弁１８の弁箱５３内の
弁室５４にガス出入孔５５、真空引孔５６及び不活性ガ
ス供給孔５７を明け、溶解室１のガス置換孔５２から導
出したガス管１７をガス出入孔５５に、真空ポンプ１６
の吸入口に真空引孔５６を、そして不活性ガスボンベ２
４から導出するガス管２５′に不活性ガス供給孔５７を
それぞれ連通し、弁室５４内に挿入した弁体１８ ａを
不活性ガス供給孔５７のみを閉じる状態と真空引孔５６
のみを閉じる状態とに切換可能に構成した事を特徴とす
る精密鋳造機の溶解室の不活性ガス置換装置。The melting chamber 1 is formed in a sealed manner in the casting machine main body 29, and the melting chamber 1 is sealed.
A means 2 for melting the casting material 3 in the crucible 5 is provided, a gas exchange hole 52 is provided in the melting chamber 1, and a gas inlet/outlet hole 55, a vacuum hole 56, and a vacuum hole 56 are provided in the valve chamber 54 in the valve box 53 of the three-way valve 18. Open the active gas supply hole 57, connect the gas pipe 17 led out from the gas replacement hole 52 of the dissolution chamber 1 to the gas inlet/outlet hole 55, and connect the vacuum pump 16 to the gas inlet/outlet hole 55.
A vacuum hole 56 is provided at the inlet of the inert gas cylinder 2.
The inert gas supply holes 57 are connected to the gas pipes 25' led out from the valve chamber 54, and the valve body 18a inserted into the valve chamber 54 is placed in a state in which only the inert gas supply holes 57 are closed and the vacuum hole 56 is in communication with the inert gas supply holes 57.
An inert gas replacement device for a melting chamber of a precision casting machine, characterized in that it can be switched between a closed state and a closed state.