JPS58138905A - Two-step combustion controlling method - Google Patents
Two-step combustion controlling methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58138905A JPS58138905A JP57019694A JP1969482A JPS58138905A JP S58138905 A JPS58138905 A JP S58138905A JP 57019694 A JP57019694 A JP 57019694A JP 1969482 A JP1969482 A JP 1969482A JP S58138905 A JPS58138905 A JP S58138905A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- air
- combustion
- port
- stage combustion
- step combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/02—Regulating draught by direct pressure operation of single valves or dampers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/12—Integration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、二段燃焼制御法、特にボイラにおける排ガ
ス中のＣＯや灰中未燃分発生量を低減しながら窒素酸化
物の発生を防止する如好適な二段燃焼制御法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a two-stage combustion control method, particularly a two-stage combustion method that is suitable for preventing the generation of nitrogen oxides while reducing the amount of CO in exhaust gas and unburned matter in ash in a boiler. Concerning control methods.
石炭、石油、ガス等の化石燃料を用いて蒸気を発生させ
るボイラにおいては、公害防止の立場からＮＯｘと称さ
れる窒素酸化物の発生を極力低減する必要がある反面、
省エネルギーの見地からＣＯｌばい塵、灰中未燃分の発
生量を低下しなげればならないという要望がある。しか
も、両者は互に矛盾する要求である所に問題がある。In boilers that generate steam using fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas, it is necessary to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides called NOx as much as possible from the standpoint of pollution prevention.
From the standpoint of energy conservation, there is a desire to reduce the amount of CO1 dust and unburned matter in the ash. Moreover, the problem lies in the fact that these two requirements are contradictory to each other.
ＮＯｘ低減法としては従来から、バーナ口の燃焼用空気
量を理論値以下にしてバーナ下流の燃焼温度を下げるこ
とによって目的を達成するという二段燃焼法が採られて
いる。また、排ガス再循環や低ＮＯｘバーナの採用も実
施されている。そして、第１図・第２図・第３図のグラ
フに、示されるようにＮＯｘ発生量を低減しようとする
と：ガス燃料を用いる場合（第１図に示す）にはＣＯが
増加し、油燃焼時（第２図に示す）にはＣＯや未燃炭素
が、石炭燃料の場合（第３図に示す）には灰中未燃分が
増す傾向があり、しかもこの現象はＮＯｘ発生防止に効
果がある二段燃焼法において著しく現れる６かかる従来
の二段燃焼方式を第４〜６図に基づいて説明する。第４
図に従来方式のボイラ廻りを１５有する二段燃焼装置を
示し、送風機２によって昇圧された燃焼用空気は、空気
予熱機３を経てバーナ用風箱４及び二段燃焼用風箱１２
に送られ、それぞれ燃焼用空気および二段燃焼用空気と
して火炉１に供給されるように構成されている。そして
全燃焼用空気量は送風機人口ダンパ２′によって調節さ
れると共に、二段燃焼用空気量は第５図に示すようケ一
定のプログラムに従って二段燃焼用ダンパ１４によって
制御される。−また、これに用いる二段燃焼用ポート６
は第６図に示すようにエアレジスタ１５を備え、手動ド
ライブ１６によって開度を設定して燃焼用空気に旋回を
与えるように成されている。かかる従来の二段燃焼方式
を採ると前記のような諸問題を避けることができないこ
とは、我々の経験上明らかであった。Conventionally, a two-stage combustion method has been adopted as a method for reducing NOx, which achieves the objective by lowering the amount of combustion air at the burner mouth below the theoretical value and lowering the combustion temperature downstream of the burner. Additionally, exhaust gas recirculation and low NOx burners have been adopted. As shown in the graphs of Figures 1, 2, and 3, when trying to reduce the amount of NOx generated, CO increases when gas fuel is used (as shown in Figure 1), and oil During combustion (as shown in Figure 2), CO and unburned carbon tend to increase, and in the case of coal fuel (as shown in Figure 3), the amount of unburned matter in the ash tends to increase. 6 The conventional two-stage combustion method, which is particularly effective in the two-stage combustion method, will be explained based on FIGS. 4 to 6. Fourth
The figure shows a conventional two-stage combustion system having 15 boiler sections. Combustion air pressurized by a blower 2 passes through an air preheater 3 to a burner wind box 4 and a two-stage combustion wind box 12.
and is configured to be supplied to the furnace 1 as combustion air and second-stage combustion air, respectively. The total amount of combustion air is regulated by the blower artificial damper 2', and the amount of air for second stage combustion is controlled by the second stage combustion damper 14 according to a predetermined program as shown in FIG. -Also, the two-stage combustion port 6 used for this
As shown in FIG. 6, it is equipped with an air register 15, and the opening degree is set by a manual drive 16 to give swirl to the combustion air. It has been clear from our experience that the above-mentioned problems cannot be avoided if such a conventional two-stage combustion system is adopted.
この発明は、上記した従来技術の諸欠点を解消し、ボイ
ラ排ガス中のＣＯや灰中未燃分を増加させることなくＮ
Ｏｘ発生量を低減できる二段燃焼制御法を提供すること
を目的としている。This invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and eliminates the need for nitrogen without increasing CO in boiler exhaust gas or unburned content in ash.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a two-stage combustion control method that can reduce the amount of Ox generated.
発明者は種り試験検討した結果、既述し−た従来の二段
制御方式では二段燃焼用ポートからの空気流と火炉内火
炎ガス流とが十分に混合しないこと、及びかかる不混合
性が上記諸問題の原因となっていることを確認した。そ
して、この不混合性を解決して火炎ガス流と二段燃焼用
ポートからの空気とを良（混合するようにすれば、上記
目的を達成し得ることを確めた。即ち、従来の燃焼制御
方式を模擬した第７図のようなモデルプラントによって
試験して、従来方式では火炎ガスと二段燃焼ポート（か
らの）空気が良く混合しないことが確められ、このため
にバーナ口の酸素不足と相俟って上記のような現象を呈
するものであり、更に火炉内圧力と二段燃焼用風箱と圧
力の差を適当値に制御すればかかる諸問題を解消して本
目的を達成し得ることが判った。As a result of various tests, the inventor found that in the conventional two-stage control method described above, the air flow from the two-stage combustion port and the flame gas flow in the furnace do not mix sufficiently, and that such immiscibility It was confirmed that this was the cause of the above problems. We confirmed that the above objective could be achieved by resolving this immiscibility and allowing good mixing of the flame gas flow and the air from the two-stage combustion port. Tests were conducted using a model plant simulating the control method as shown in Figure 7, and it was confirmed that in the conventional method, the flame gas and the air (from) the two-stage combustion port did not mix well. Together with the shortage, the above-mentioned phenomena occur, and if the difference between the pressure inside the furnace and the pressure in the two-stage combustion wind box is controlled to an appropriate value, these problems can be resolved and the objective can be achieved. It turns out it can be done.
要するに、この発明は二段燃焼用ポート径を可変にでき
るように調整用スロート径可変装置を併設し、これを操
作して上記圧力差を予め経験的に定めたプログラムに従
って制御するようにしたものである。In short, this invention is equipped with a variable throat diameter adjusting device so that the port diameter for two-stage combustion can be varied, and by operating this device, the pressure difference is controlled according to a program determined empirically in advance. It is.
第８図に本発明の一実施例に係る二段燃焼方式を示し、
従来と同構成の二段燃焼装置（１〜１６）において同図
（ａ）の如（二段燃焼用ポート６に、（ｂ）の如くスロ
ート径を調節自在にした空気速度調整用のスロート径可
変装置１８を設け、該ポートから供給される空気量が少
ない時はスロート径を小さくすると共に、空気量が増し
た時にはスロート径を大きくすることによって二段燃焼
用風箱１２のドラフトを確保すなわち空気流速を高める
ようにしている。かくして第９図のように、火炉内火炎
ガスと二段燃焼ポート空気が十分に混合することが確め
られた。FIG. 8 shows a two-stage combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention,
In the two-stage combustion device (1 to 16) with the same configuration as the conventional one, the two-stage combustion port 6 is equipped with a throat diameter for air velocity adjustment as shown in (b), as shown in Figure (a). A variable device 18 is provided to ensure the draft of the two-stage combustion wind box 12 by reducing the throat diameter when the amount of air supplied from the port is small and increasing the throat diameter when the amount of air increases. The air flow velocity was increased.Thus, as shown in Figure 9, it was confirmed that the flame gas in the furnace and the second stage combustion port air were sufficiently mixed.
この二段燃焼制御方式を第８図（ａ）に例示し、減算器
２２に二段燃焼用空気流発信器１９かも特性リレー２１
を経た信号と二段燃焼用ドラフト発信器２０かもの信号
が人力し、その出力が比例積分器２３において処理され
手動・自動切替器２４を経てコントロールドライブ１７
を作動させて所望の制御を行うようになっている。This two-stage combustion control system is illustrated in FIG.
The signals from the two-stage combustion draft transmitter 20 and the signals from the two-stage combustion draft transmitter 20 are input manually, and the output thereof is processed by the proportional integrator 23 and sent to the control drive 17 via the manual/automatic switch 24.
is activated to perform the desired control.
以上の説明のように本発明によれば、ＮＯｘ発生を抑え
なからボイラ排ガス中のＣＯや灰中未燃分発生を最小に
なし得るので、公害を防止しつつ省エネルギーに寄与で
きる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to minimize the generation of CO in the boiler exhaust gas and unburned matter in the ash by suppressing the generation of NOx, thereby contributing to energy conservation while preventing pollution.
第１図・第２図・第３図は従来の燃焼方式により発生す
るＮＯｘとＣＯや灰中未燃分の関係を示すグラフ図、第
４図は従来の二段燃焼方式の概略図、第５図・第６図・
第７図は何れもその説明図、第８図は本発明による制御
方式の概略図、第９図はその火炉内燃焼状態図である。
１：火炉 ５：バーナ
６：二段燃焼用ポート
９：排ガス再循環ファン
１２：二段燃焼用風箱 １５：エアレジスタ１６：手動
ドライブ
１７：コントロールドライブ
１８ニスロート径可変装置
代理人弁理士 中 村 純之助Figures 1, 2, and 3 are graphs showing the relationship between NOx, CO, and unburned content in ash generated by conventional combustion methods, and Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the conventional two-stage combustion method. Figure 5・Figure 6・
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram thereof, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the control method according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a diagram of the combustion state in the furnace. 1: Furnace 5: Burner 6: Two-stage combustion port 9: Exhaust gas recirculation fan 12: Two-stage combustion wind box 15: Air register 16: Manual drive 17: Control drive 18 Nisthroat diameter variable device Patent attorney Nakamura Junnosuke
Claims (1)
て、当該二段燃焼用ポート径を可変自在にして該ポート
用風箱と火炉との圧力差を所定プログラムに従って調節
するようにしたことを特徴とする二段燃焼制御法。In a two-stage combustion method using a furnace having two-stage combustion ports, the diameter of the two-stage combustion port is made variable and the pressure difference between the port wind box and the furnace is adjusted according to a predetermined program. A two-stage combustion control method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57019694A JPS58138905A (en) | 1982-02-12 | 1982-02-12 | Two-step combustion controlling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57019694A JPS58138905A (en) | 1982-02-12 | 1982-02-12 | Two-step combustion controlling method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58138905A true JPS58138905A (en) | 1983-08-18 |
Family
ID=12006358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57019694A Pending JPS58138905A (en) | 1982-02-12 | 1982-02-12 | Two-step combustion controlling method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58138905A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021028557A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-25 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Combustion facility and combustion method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5074001A (en) * | 1973-11-07 | 1975-06-18 |
-
1982
- 1982-02-12 JP JP57019694A patent/JPS58138905A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5074001A (en) * | 1973-11-07 | 1975-06-18 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021028557A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-25 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Combustion facility and combustion method |
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