JPS58138321A - Greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は温室に関し、太陽熱集熱装置を施して、夜間の
暖房エネルギーを節約する温室とすることを目的とする
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a greenhouse, and an object of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse that saves heating energy at night by providing a solar heat collector.

温室はその４面をガラスで囲い屋根もガラス張りとする
。即ち５面をガラスで囲って日中は日光の直射を受けて
室内を高温に保つものであるが、冬季は夜間（日没後か
ら日の山稜２時間位）は室内温度も低下するので、一般
にはこれを１００Ｃ以下にさせない為に暖房装置（灯油
燃焼暖房或いは電熱暖房）を施して加温しているもので
ある。本発明に係る温室は第１図にその実施例を示すよ
うに、温室１の北側（矢印Ｎ方向を北とする）に太陽熱
集熱装置２を設置する。即ち温室１の北面ガラス３を集
熱器４の覆いガラスとして垂直の太陽熱集熱装置を設置
する。従って該集熱器４はその北側と上・下面は断熱材
壁５で横われる。６は該集熱装置２のステーである。そ
してガラス板の天井７が設けられる。８は該天井用の支
柱・９は温室基礎ブロック−しは床地面を示す。上記集
熱装置の熱媒体としては水を使用するのが最も便利であ
る。その集熱器の一例を第２図（第１図Ａ矢示方向正面
図）に示すが、上記断熱材壁５で５面を囲われた温箱１
０の中に両端の硬質プラスチック縦管１１に多数の水平
管１２を接着したもので、その縦管１１の下部に水道水
の給水管１３と上部に排水管１４を接続したものである
。１５は開閉コックで水道水を上記縦管と水平管に充満
したら、該コックを閉じきっておけばよい。１６は管ノ
支持支柱である０又集熱器はこのようなものでなく、数
段の棚を設けこれに水を入れた壜（−升増のようなもの
）或いは罐（３２ビール・アルミ鱒のようなもの）等の
廃品を利用して多数列べた如きものでもよい。The greenhouse will be surrounded by glass on all four sides and the roof will also be made of glass. In other words, it is surrounded by glass on five sides and receives direct sunlight during the day to keep the indoor temperature high, but in winter the indoor temperature drops at night (about 2 hours from sunset to the top of the mountain), so generally speaking In order to prevent the temperature from dropping below 100C, a heating device (kerosene combustion heating or electric heating) is used to heat the room. In the greenhouse according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a solar heat collector 2 is installed on the north side of the greenhouse 1 (north is the direction of arrow N). That is, a vertical solar heat collector is installed using the north glass 3 of the greenhouse 1 as a cover glass for the heat collector 4. Therefore, the heat collector 4 is surrounded by a heat insulating wall 5 on its north side, upper and lower surfaces. 6 is a stay of the heat collecting device 2. A glass plate ceiling 7 is then provided. Reference numeral 8 indicates the support for the ceiling, and 9 indicates the greenhouse foundation block or floor surface. It is most convenient to use water as the heat medium in the heat collecting device. An example of such a heat collector is shown in FIG. 2 (front view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1).
A large number of horizontal pipes 12 are glued to hard plastic vertical pipes 11 at both ends of the pipe 1, and a tap water supply pipe 13 is connected to the lower part of the vertical pipe 11, and a drain pipe 14 is connected to the upper part of the vertical pipe 11. Reference numeral 15 indicates an opening/closing cock, and once the vertical pipe and horizontal pipe are filled with tap water, the cock can be closed completely. 16 is a support column for the pipe 0 Also, the heat collector is not like this, but has several shelves filled with water in a bottle (like a sho) or can (32 beer aluminum). It is also possible to arrange a large number of them using scraps such as trout (such as trout).

このようにされ＼ば、屋根ガラス９・天井ガラス板７・
北面ガラス板３を透過する太陽光は集熱器の水を温め、
北面ガラス板とその外周の断熱材壁で形成される上記製
筒１０　（飽熱装置）を温める。そして日没後温室内の
温度が低下すると、上記集熱装置２の熱が温室内に放熱
されて温室を温める。云はソ日射時北面ガラス面から無
駄に放熱している熱を集熱装置に確保しておいて、夜間
その熱を室内の保温に利用する省エネ温室である。If it is done like this, the roof glass 9, the ceiling glass plate 7,
The sunlight that passes through the north glass plate 3 warms the water in the collector,
The cylinder 10 (saturation device) formed by the north glass plate and the heat insulating wall around its outer periphery is heated. When the temperature inside the greenhouse decreases after sunset, the heat from the heat collecting device 2 is radiated into the greenhouse to warm the greenhouse. Yun is an energy-saving greenhouse that uses a heat collector to capture the heat that is wasted from the north glass surface during solar radiation, and uses that heat to keep the room warm at night.

たソし勿論曇天・雨天或いは降雪特等日照のない場合、
或いは南北間長さが長くて室内容積の割には東西間隔が
短くて、上記北面集熱装置の集熱面積比が少いような温
室の場合は、日没後温室内温度が下ってから翌日の温度
上昇時迄集熱装置の放熱ぎ保てないような場合のための
予備の暖房装置は必要である。Of course, if it is cloudy, rainy, or snowy and there is no sunshine,
Alternatively, in the case of a greenhouse where the north-south length is long and the east-west distance is short relative to the indoor volume, and the heat collection area ratio of the north-facing heat collector is small, the greenhouse temperature will drop after sunset and then the next day. A backup heating system is necessary in case the heat dissipation of the heat collector cannot be maintained until the temperature rises.

上記のようにされるので、太陽熱集熱装置２は垂直型と
されるので、夏季は日光の照射角度は９０゜に近くなり
集熱器への照射熱量は少くなるが、温＼訳で、むしろ第
２図において給水管１３０反対側の縦管１１の下部にで
も排水コック（図示しない）を設けておいて、夏季は集
熱管内の水を抜いておいて冬季に新鮮な水を使うように
した方がよい。そして冬季には日光照射角度が少くなく
なり垂直集熱器への照射角度が直角に近づくから好都合
である。第１図のＢ矢示２点鎖線方向は関東地方におけ
る冬季の日射方向を示す（地面に対し約３０°）。従っ
て上記のガラス板天井７は、北側ガラス板７′を点線図
示のような開閉式にし、日照時は開いておくようにすれ
ば、それだけ日光の押引効率をあげ得る。そしてこの天
井を設けることは、暖ためられた温室内の空気が屋根９
の下部（第１図の三角形部）に集まることを防ぎ、冬季
においては温室内（天井７下部）の温度の底下を防ぐの
にそれだけ効果をもたらすものとなる。父上記天井下に
おいて温室外周４面のガラス壁面に近接して、カーテン
装置（図示しない）を施し、冬季の日没後は該カーテン
を閉じるようにすれば、これによっても夜間の温室内の
温度低下防止に役立つ。As described above, since the solar heat collector 2 is a vertical type, the irradiation angle of sunlight approaches 90 degrees in summer, and the amount of heat irradiated to the collector is small, but due to the temperature, Rather, a drain cock (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the vertical pipe 11 on the opposite side of the water supply pipe 130 in Fig. 2, so that the water in the heat collecting pipe can be drained in the summer and fresh water can be used in the winter. It is better to In winter, the angle of sunlight irradiation decreases and the angle of irradiation to the vertical heat collector approaches a right angle, which is advantageous. The direction of the two-dot chain line indicated by arrow B in Figure 1 indicates the direction of winter solar radiation in the Kanto region (approximately 30 degrees to the ground). Therefore, in the above-mentioned glass plate ceiling 7, if the north side glass plate 7' is opened and closed as shown by the dotted line and left open during sunshine hours, the efficiency of pushing and pulling sunlight can be increased accordingly. The provision of this ceiling means that the heated air inside the greenhouse can be
This is effective in preventing the temperature inside the greenhouse (lower part of the ceiling 7) from dropping to the bottom in winter. If a curtain device (not shown) is installed under the ceiling above the greenhouse near the four glass walls on the outer periphery of the greenhouse, and the curtain is closed after sunset in winter, this will also reduce the temperature inside the greenhouse at night. Helps prevent.

上記の実施例は切妻形屋根の場合についてのものである
が、片流れ形屋根の場合の実施例を第３図に示す。この
場合は図示のように天井７の北側半部ガラス板７′を、
北面棟の最上部迄立上らせるようにすれば、集熱器４は
その高さを棟高迄延ばすことができ、それだけ集・放熱
面積を増すことができる。Although the above embodiment is for a gable roof, an embodiment for a single-slope roof is shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in the figure, the north half glass plate 7' of the ceiling 7,
By raising it to the top of the north-facing ridge, the height of the heat collector 4 can be extended to the ridge height, and the heat collection/radiation area can be increased accordingly.

父上記の実施例は温室の北面ガラス壁を太陽熱集熱装置
の集熱器覆ガラス（温箱蓋）としたものを示したが、第
４図に示すように温室の北面壁を断熱材部′とし、その
南側即ち温室内に太陽熱集熱器４を垂直に設置するよう
にしても同様である０３′はこの場合の集熱器覆ガラス
板である。In the above example, the north glass wall of the greenhouse was used as a collector covering glass (warm box lid) for a solar heat collector, but as shown in Figure 4, the north wall of the greenhouse was used as a heat insulator. 03', which is the same even if the solar heat collector 4 is installed vertically on the south side, that is, in the greenhouse, is the collector cover glass plate in this case.

上述の如く、本発明は温室の北面を利用して垂直に太陽
熱集熱装置を設置するようにするから、日照時の温室内
日光照射には変ヤがなく、そして集熱器にも照射するか
らその受熱温度（集熱製箱内温度）は、日没後温室内温
度が降下した時温室内に放熱するように壜り、そして更
にガラス板す天井が設けられるから温気が温室上部の不
要な部分への滞留を防止し、夜間の温室内温度の降下を
少くシ、省エネ対策に大きく貢献する温室とするもので
ある。As mentioned above, since the present invention uses the north face of the greenhouse to install the solar heat collector vertically, there is no change in the sunlight irradiation inside the greenhouse during sunshine, and the solar heat collector is also irradiated. The heat-receiving temperature (temperature inside the heat-collecting box) is controlled by a bottle that radiates heat into the greenhouse when the temperature inside the greenhouse drops after sunset, and a glass plate ceiling is installed so that the hot air does not need to be placed in the upper part of the greenhouse. The purpose of this greenhouse is to prevent greenhouse gas from accumulating in certain areas, reduce the drop in temperature inside the greenhouse at night, and greatly contribute to energy conservation measures.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明に係る一実施例の温室の東側から見た側
面図、第２図は第１図の太陽熱集熱器の一実施例につい
てＡ矢示方向の正面図、第３・４図は夫々慣の実施例の
温室について東側から見た側面図を示すものである。 １−ｍ−温室、　　２−ｍ−太陽熱集熱装置。 ３−ｍ−北側ガラス、　　４−ｍ−集熱器。 ５−一一断熱材壁、　　７−−−天井。 ７′・７′−ｍ−北側天井ガラス板。 １０−ｍ−屋根ガラス、　　　１１−−一製筒。 出願人　株式会社　展建築設計事務所 第３図 １０ 第４図Fig. 1 is a side view of a greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from the east side, Fig. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the solar heat collector of Fig. 1 in the direction of arrow A, and Figs. The figures each show a side view of a greenhouse according to a conventional embodiment, viewed from the east side. 1-m-greenhouse, 2-m-solar heat collector. 3-m-north glass, 4-m-heat collector. 5-11 insulation wall, 7----ceiling. 7'・7'-m-North side ceiling glass plate. 10-m-roof glass, 11--one tube. Applicant: Ten Architectural Design Office Co., Ltd. Figure 3 10 Figure 4

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 北側壁を断熱材壁とし該断熱材壁を背面壁として直立型
に太陽熱集熱装置を設置しガラス板による天井を備える
ことを特徴とする温室。A greenhouse characterized in that the north wall is a heat insulating wall, the heat insulating wall is a back wall, a solar heat collecting device is installed upright, and a ceiling is made of a glass plate.