JPS58127142A - Detector for bearing defect - Google Patents
Detector for bearing defectInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58127142A JPS58127142A JP57009474A JP947482A JPS58127142A JP S58127142 A JPS58127142 A JP S58127142A JP 57009474 A JP57009474 A JP 57009474A JP 947482 A JP947482 A JP 947482A JP S58127142 A JPS58127142 A JP S58127142A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- envelope
- waveform
- effective value
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は軸受の傷検出装置に関し、特に軸受の大きさ、
軸受の回転数及び軸受周辺の構造等に依らず軸受の傷の
有無を簡単に検出することのできる汎用性に富んだ軸受
の傷検出装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a bearing flaw detection device, and particularly to a bearing flaw detection device.
The present invention relates to a highly versatile bearing flaw detection device that can easily detect the presence or absence of flaws in a bearing, regardless of the rotational speed of the bearing, the structure around the bearing, etc.
従来、機械に組み込まれた転がり軸受の異常診断を行な
うには軸受を回転させてその機械的々振動を電気的な振
動に変換して、この電気的振動波形の実効値、平均値及
びピーク値などを得てその振幅の大きさに基づいて軸受
の正常、異常の判定をしていた。しかし軸受良否の判断
基準となる限界値は、軸受の大きさ、回転数、及び軸受
周辺の構造等に依存して大幅に異なるため、診断の対象
となる磯懺毎にデータを蓄積して軸受の良否の判定基準
を作成する必要があった。換言すれば、従来の軸受の・
鍋検出装置は汎用性に劣り、また簡単な構成によって高
侑度の測足を可能にするものではなかった。Conventionally, in order to diagnose abnormalities in rolling bearings built into machines, the bearings are rotated, their mechanical vibrations are converted into electrical vibrations, and the effective value, average value, and peak value of the electrical vibration waveforms are calculated. Based on the magnitude of the amplitude, it was determined whether the bearing was normal or abnormal. However, the limit values that serve as criteria for determining whether a bearing is good or bad vary greatly depending on the size of the bearing, the number of rotations, and the structure around the bearing. It was necessary to create criteria for determining the quality of the product. In other words, conventional bearings
The pot detection device has poor versatility, and its simple configuration does not allow for high-precision foot measurement.
従って、本発明の目的は軸受の大きさ、軸受の回転数及
び軸受まわりの構造によらず十分な汎用性があわ、軸受
の傷の有無を即座に確果に検出することができる軸受の
傷検出装置を提供することにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to have sufficient versatility regardless of the size of the bearing, the number of revolutions of the bearing, and the structure around the bearing, and to be able to immediately and reliably detect the presence or absence of scratches on the bearing. The object of the present invention is to provide a detection device.
本発明の目的及び特徴は以下に示す実施例によってより
明確にされる。以下に本発明による軸受の傷検出装置を
モータ、プロアなとの外乱振動の少ない回転系に使用さ
れるころがり軸受に適用した例につき説明するが、本発
明はその他の軸受に適用できることは勿論である。The objects and features of the present invention will be made clearer by the following examples. The following describes an example in which the bearing flaw detection device according to the present invention is applied to a rolling bearing used in a rotating system with little external vibration such as a motor or a roller, but the present invention can of course be applied to other bearings. be.
第1図は本発明の軸受の傷検出装置の一実施例を示すブ
ロック系統図である。FIG. 1 is a block system diagram showing an embodiment of the bearing flaw detection device of the present invention.
1は振動のセンサであり、回転中の例えばモータ、ブロ
ア等のころがり軸受の機械的振動を電気信号に変換する
ものである。軸受に傷がない正常時にはその電気信号は
ホワイトノイズ的であり、第2図の実線で示される。Reference numeral 1 denotes a vibration sensor, which converts mechanical vibrations of a rotating bearing such as a motor or a blower into an electrical signal. When the bearing is normal and has no scratches, the electrical signal is white noise-like, and is shown by the solid line in FIG.
又、軸受に剣やフレーキングがある異常時には周期的な
衝撃振動が生じておシ第3図の実線で示される。次に、
このセンサからの微小な電気信号を増巾器2で増幅しだ
後例えばIKHz から数十KHz の通過特性を
有する帯域沢波器3に供給し、信号中に含まれる駆動系
や・曲の機械系から生ずる雑音及び電源の雑音等の不要
な外乱成分を除去する。帯域沢波器3の出力は包絡線回
路4に供給される。この包絡線回路4は例えば第4図に
示すようなダイオード10と、これに直列に接続された
コンデンサ11及び抵抗器12の並列回路で構成できる
。同、コンデンサ11及び抵抗器120時定数は第2図
及び第3図の振動波形の周期より大きく、軸受の傷に基
づく衝撃波形の周期より小さい例えば1m5ec乃至1
゜m5e4度の適当な時定数に選定される。従って、包
絡、癲回路4の出力としては第2図及び第3図に波源で
示す如き波形出力が得られる。包絡線回路4の出力は第
1の実効値演算器5へ供給される。上述した帯域沢波器
3の出力はまた第2の実効値演算器6へ供給される。こ
の実効値演算器5,6は自乗平均平方根直埋ち実効1直
を求めるものであるが、必ずしも実効値ではなく平均値
(二乗平均値を含む)を算出する演算器でも良い。Furthermore, when there is abnormality in the bearing, such as sharpening or flaking, periodic shock vibrations occur, as shown by the solid line in FIG. next,
The minute electrical signal from this sensor is amplified by an amplifier 2 and then supplied to a bandpass amplifier 3 having a pass characteristic of, for example, IKHz to several tens of KHz, which transmits the signal to a drive system or a music machine included in the signal. Remove unnecessary disturbance components such as noise generated from the system and power supply noise. The output of the bandpass filter 3 is supplied to an envelope circuit 4. This envelope circuit 4 can be constructed, for example, from a parallel circuit of a diode 10 as shown in FIG. 4, a capacitor 11 and a resistor 12 connected in series. Similarly, the time constants of the capacitor 11 and the resistor 120 are larger than the period of the vibration waveform shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and smaller than the period of the shock waveform caused by scratches on the bearing, for example, 1 m5ec to 1
An appropriate time constant of ゜m5e4 degrees is selected. Therefore, as the output of the envelope/destruction circuit 4, waveform outputs as shown by the wave sources in FIGS. 2 and 3 are obtained. The output of the envelope circuit 4 is supplied to a first effective value calculator 5. The output of the band wave filter 3 described above is also supplied to a second effective value calculator 6. The effective value calculators 5 and 6 are for calculating the root mean square direct filling, but they may be calculators that calculate not necessarily the effective value but the average value (including the root mean square value).
次に第1及び第2の実効値演算器5,6の出力を割算器
7へ供絽して包絡線波形の実効値(平均値)を振動波形
の実効+ii (平均値)で割って正規化し、振動波形
の実効値(平均(4)
直)に対する包絡線波形の実効値(平均値)の比、即ち
包絡線指数を求める。軸受に湯がない場合振動波形はど
のような機械でも外乱振動が少ない時にはホワイトノイ
ズに近いため、正規化を行なうと略一定の直となる。こ
れに対して、軸受に傷がある異常な場合は包絡線波形が
直流的に乱れて包絡線指数が上述の略一定の直より増加
する。包絡線波形の乱れの程度は軸受の劣化の程度と相
関性があるため、包絡線指数の値により軸受の劣化状態
を知ることができる。Next, the outputs of the first and second effective value calculators 5 and 6 are sent to the divider 7, and the effective value (average value) of the envelope waveform is divided by the effective value +ii (average value) of the vibration waveform. It is normalized and the ratio of the effective value (average value) of the envelope waveform to the effective value (average (4) direct) of the vibration waveform, that is, the envelope index is determined. When there is no hot water in the bearing, the vibration waveform of any machine is close to white noise when there is little disturbance vibration, so when normalized it becomes approximately constant. On the other hand, if there is an abnormality in which the bearing is damaged, the envelope waveform is disturbed in a DC manner, and the envelope index increases from the above-mentioned substantially constant waveform. Since the degree of disturbance in the envelope waveform is correlated with the degree of deterioration of the bearing, the deterioration state of the bearing can be known from the value of the envelope index.
割算器7の出力は指示計8へ供給されて包絡線指数の値
が表示されて視覚で軸受の傷の有無が識別され、必要に
応じて割算器7の出力は警報回路9へも供給されて予め
設定されたレベルを包絡線指数の直が越えた時に誉報音
が発生されて聴覚で軸受の傷の有無が識別される。The output of the divider 7 is supplied to an indicator 8, which displays the value of the envelope index to visually identify the presence or absence of scratches on the bearing.The output of the divider 7 is also supplied to an alarm circuit 9, if necessary. When the supplied envelope index exceeds a preset level, a warning tone is generated and the presence or absence of damage to the bearing can be audibly identified.
尚、割算器7を第5図のように一対の対数変換器13.
14と差動増幅器15とにより構成し、包m線波形の実
効iii! (平均+m )の対数及び振動信号の実効
1直(平均uf: )の対数をとって引算し、包箱7〜
指数を求めても良い。Incidentally, the divider 7 is replaced by a pair of logarithmic converters 13. as shown in FIG.
14 and a differential amplifier 15, the effective iii! Take the logarithm of (average + m) and the logarithm of the effective 1st division (average uf: ) of the vibration signal and subtract it, and then
You can also find the index.
以上本発明を実施例につき説明したが、本発明によると
、軸受の大きさ、軸受の回転数及び軸受まわりの構造に
よらず、振動波形の振幅が異なる種々の対象機械に対し
て一定の判定基準により軸受の偶の有無をデータの積み
重ねなしに即座に雌実に横比できる。The present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments. According to the present invention, a fixed judgment can be made for various target machines with different vibration waveform amplitudes, regardless of the size of the bearing, the rotation speed of the bearing, and the structure around the bearing. Based on the standard, it is possible to immediately compare the presence or absence of bearings between the female and the actual bearings without having to accumulate data.
第1図は本発明による軸受の・高検出装置の一実施例を
示すブロック図、第2図は軸受に傷がない場合の振動信
号及び包絡線波形を示す図、第3図は軸受に湯がある場
合の振動信号及び包絡線波形を示す図、第4図は第1図
の包18#回路の具体構成を示す図、第5図は第1図の
割真器の他の構成例を示す図である。
〔主要部分の符号の説明〕
3・・・・・帯域f波器、4・・・・・包絡巌回路、5
・・・・・第1の演算器、6・・・・・第2の演算器、
(7)
7・・・・・第3の演算器、13.14・・・・・対数
変換器、15・・・・・差動増幅器。
出願人:日本精工株式会社
(8)
第1図FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the bearing high detection device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the vibration signal and envelope waveform when the bearing is free of scratches, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the vibration signal and envelope waveform when the bearing is not damaged. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the envelope 18# circuit in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. [Explanation of symbols of main parts] 3...band f-wave device, 4...envelope circuit, 5
...first arithmetic unit, 6...second arithmetic unit,
(7) 7... Third arithmetic unit, 13.14... Logarithmic converter, 15... Differential amplifier. Applicant: NSK Ltd. (8) Figure 1
Claims (1)
に変換して、電気的信号を処理。 評価して軸受の・鴎を検出する軸受の傷検出装置におい
て、 機械的振動から電気的振動に変換されだ電気的信号から
軸受の回転に固有な振動とは異なる外乱に起因する不要
な外乱成分を除去する帯域F波器と、 前記帯域f波器の出力電気信号波形から包絡線波形を抽
出する包絡線回路と、 前記包絡線回路の出力から包絡線波形の実効値又は平均
1直を得るための第1の演算器と、 前記帯域r波器の出力から電気信号波形の実効値又は平
均値を得るための第2の演算器と、 前記第1の演算器の出力と前記第2の演算器の出力との
比を算出し包絡線指数を与える第3の演算器とを含み、
前記包絡1課指数を評価することによって軸受の偶の存
否を識別することを特徴とする軸受の傷検出装置。 2、特許請求の範囲第1項記載の軸受の傷検出装置にお
いて、前記第3の演算器を一対の対数変換器と前記一対
の対数変換器の出力が供給される差動増幅器とにより構
成したことを特徴とする軸受の傷検出装置。[Claims] 1. Converting mechanical vibrations caused by rotation of a bearing into drowsy vibrations and processing electrical signals. In a bearing flaw detection device that evaluates and detects scratches on bearings, mechanical vibrations are converted into electrical vibrations, and unnecessary disturbance components caused by disturbances different from the vibrations inherent to the rotation of the bearing are detected from electrical signals. an envelope circuit for extracting an envelope waveform from the output electrical signal waveform of the band f-wave generator; and obtaining an effective value or an average value of the envelope waveform from the output of the envelope circuit. a first arithmetic unit for obtaining an effective value or an average value of an electrical signal waveform from the output of the band r-wave generator; a third arithmetic unit that calculates a ratio with the output of the arithmetic unit and gives an envelope index;
A bearing flaw detection device characterized in that the presence or absence of a defect in a bearing is identified by evaluating the envelope 1st division index. 2. In the bearing flaw detection device according to claim 1, the third arithmetic unit is constituted by a pair of logarithmic converters and a differential amplifier to which the outputs of the pair of logarithmic converters are supplied. A bearing flaw detection device characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57009474A JPS58127142A (en) | 1982-01-26 | 1982-01-26 | Detector for bearing defect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57009474A JPS58127142A (en) | 1982-01-26 | 1982-01-26 | Detector for bearing defect |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58127142A true JPS58127142A (en) | 1983-07-28 |
Family
ID=11721248
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP57009474A Pending JPS58127142A (en) | 1982-01-26 | 1982-01-26 | Detector for bearing defect |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS58127142A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007101432A2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for the analysis of bearing damage |
US20110135236A1 (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2011-06-09 | Ntn Corporation | Reusable bearing and reuse method thereof |
WO2011081085A1 (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
WO2012117970A1 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Status monitoring system for rolling device and status monitoring method |
JP2012180921A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Ntn Corp | Oil lubrication type rolling device and method of setting threshold for monitoring abnormal concentration of water mixed into lubrication oil |
JP2012181169A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Ntn Corp | Apparatus and method for monitoring state of rolling component |
JP2012181168A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Ntn Corp | Apparatus and method for monitoring condition of rolling device |
JP2015172599A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-10-01 | Ntn株式会社 | Roller bearing abnormality diagnosis apparatus and gear abnormality diagnosis apparatus |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS56135140A (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-22 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Abnormality diagnostic device for roller bearing |
JPS5880538A (en) * | 1981-11-07 | 1983-05-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Abnormality detector |
-
1982
- 1982-01-26 JP JP57009474A patent/JPS58127142A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS56135140A (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-22 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Abnormality diagnostic device for roller bearing |
JPS5880538A (en) * | 1981-11-07 | 1983-05-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Abnormality detector |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007101432A2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-13 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for the analysis of bearing damage |
WO2007101432A3 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-11-29 | Schaeffler Kg | Method for the analysis of bearing damage |
US20110135236A1 (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2011-06-09 | Ntn Corporation | Reusable bearing and reuse method thereof |
CN102713554A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2012-10-03 | Ntn株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
JP2011154020A (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-08-11 | Ntn Corp | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
WO2011081085A1 (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
EP2522977A4 (en) * | 2010-01-04 | 2015-04-29 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Abnormality diagnosis device for rolling bearing, wind power generator, and abnormality diagnosis system |
US9423290B2 (en) | 2010-01-04 | 2016-08-23 | Ntn Corporation | Abnormality diagnostic device for rolling bearing, wind turbine generation apparatus and abnormality diagnostic system |
WO2012117970A1 (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-07 | Ntn株式会社 | Status monitoring system for rolling device and status monitoring method |
JP2012180921A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Ntn Corp | Oil lubrication type rolling device and method of setting threshold for monitoring abnormal concentration of water mixed into lubrication oil |
JP2012181169A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Ntn Corp | Apparatus and method for monitoring state of rolling component |
JP2012181168A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2012-09-20 | Ntn Corp | Apparatus and method for monitoring condition of rolling device |
US9335317B2 (en) | 2011-03-03 | 2016-05-10 | Ntn Corporation | Status monitoring system and status monitoring method for rolling device |
JP2015172599A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-10-01 | Ntn株式会社 | Roller bearing abnormality diagnosis apparatus and gear abnormality diagnosis apparatus |
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