JPS58123549A

JPS58123549A - Electrophotographic developing carrier

Info

Publication number: JPS58123549A
Application number: JP57006470A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hajime Shinohara; 篠原　肇; Tsutomu Iimura; 飯村　勉
Original assignee: Hitachi Metals Ltd
Current assignee: Proterial Ltd
Priority date: 1982-01-19
Filing date: 1982-01-19
Publication date: 1983-07-22
Also published as: JPH0559423B2

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a carrier superior in image characteristics and long in service life, by specifying proportions of the components of ferrite consisting of MgO, ZnO and Fe2O3, its electromagnetic characteristics, its particle diameter, and its surface state. CONSTITUTION:This ferrite consists of 1-50mol% MgO, 1-30mol% ZnO, and 45-60mol% Fe2O3, and it has 10<3>-10<12>ohm.cm electric resistance, 15-80emu/g saturation magnetization value, <=10Oe coercive force Hc, >=10 magnetic permeability mu, >=50 deg.C Curie temp. Tc, and 5-500mum average particle diameter. It is spherical and the surface of each particle is oxidized or coated with a resin. A sample was prepared and tested in actual copying, and as a result, 70,000- 100,000 sharp copies were obtained with this carrier, as compared with 50,000 copies obtained with the conventional ferrite carrier.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】本発明はｔ子写真用トナーキャリアに関するものである
。電子写真の現像法としては、カスケード現像法、磁気
ブラシ現像法やその他の方法があるが、キャリアとして
要求される特性は適当な摩擦帯電性をもちトナー粒子を
吸引すると緻密であり粒子の強度が十分で、粒の破壊を
生じさせない粒子が流動性に菖むこと、粒子が均一であ
ること０表面の状態が湿度等によって種々の特性が変らず安定し
ていること、引張り、圧縮強度を有すること、また適切
な飽和磁化、透磁率あるいは保磁力を有する等である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a toner carrier for photographic photography. Development methods for electrophotography include cascade development, magnetic brush development, and other methods, but the characteristics required for the carrier are appropriate triboelectric charging properties, and when the toner particles are attracted, they are dense and the strength of the particles increases. The particles must have sufficient fluidity without causing particle breakage, the particles must be uniform, the surface condition must be stable without changing various properties due to humidity, etc., and the tensile and compressive strength must be maintained. It also has appropriate saturation magnetization, magnetic permeability, or coercive force.

従来、トナーキャリア粒子として種々の材料が１゜使用
されてきているが最も多く用いられたものとして鉄粉が
ある。鉄粉の表面を適当な処理をして使用しているが長
時間使用すると粒子の表面が物理的あるいは化学的に変
化し、トナーが付着してしまったり、あるいは使用環境
の湿度に敏感になつて画像の鮮明度がうすれたりし寿命
は短いという欠点がある。Conventionally, various materials have been used as toner carrier particles, but iron powder is the most commonly used material. Although the surface of iron powder is used after being appropriately treated, if it is used for a long time, the surface of the particles changes physically or chemically, causing toner to adhere to it, or making it sensitive to the humidity of the usage environment. The drawbacks are that the sharpness of the image becomes blurred and the lifespan is short.

また、キャリアとして酸化物磁性材料であるフェライト
を用いることは特開昭５２−５６５３６等で報告されて
いるが、従来のフェライトキャリアは画像特性あるいは
寿命の点で必ずしも満足しうるものではない。Furthermore, although the use of ferrite, which is an oxide magnetic material, as a carrier has been reported in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-56536, etc., conventional ferrite carriers are not necessarily satisfactory in terms of image characteristics or lifespan.

本発明はこれら従来の電子写真用トナーキャリアの欠点
をなくし画像特性のしれた、また寿命の長いキャリアを
提供するものである。The present invention eliminates these drawbacks of conventional electrophotographic toner carriers and provides a carrier with excellent image characteristics and long life.

川本発明において、゛１Ｌ気抵抗率は１０４ΩｃＷＬ〜１
０１ＩΩαが良く、本範囲外では摩擦帯’ｉｔ嵐を適当
な値に制御できず、また湿度等の１巻を受けやすく、目
的とする鮮明な画像を得ることは困難である。また飽和
磁化の値は１５θＩＴｎ１／ｇ〜８０θｍ　ｕ／ｇが適
切で、この値より小さい場合には磁気ロールとの吸着力
は落ち目標とする鮮明な画像をうろことは困難である。In the present invention, the resistivity of 1L is 104ΩcWL~1
01IΩα is good; outside this range, the friction zone 'it storm cannot be controlled to an appropriate value, and it is susceptible to windings such as humidity, making it difficult to obtain the desired clear image. Further, the appropriate value of saturation magnetization is 15θITn1/g to 80θm u/g, and if it is smaller than this value, the attraction force with the magnetic roll decreases and it is difficult to obtain a clear image as a target.

またＨａが１００ｅ以上では粒子そのものが磁石の性質
をもち種々の部品に付着し良い画像は得られない。また
透磁率μが１０以下では磁気ロールへの反応が悪くなり
画質に影響を与える。Further, if Ha is 100e or more, the particles themselves have magnetic properties and adhere to various parts, making it impossible to obtain good images. Furthermore, if the magnetic permeability μ is less than 10, the response to the magnetic roll will be poor and the image quality will be affected.

以下実施例において詳細に説明する。This will be explained in detail in Examples below.

実施例１％ｌＶ比テＭｇ０２６％　、Ｊｋ／＋＋Ｑｉ５　％　、
Ｚｎ０４　％さらニＦｅ２０３６５％となるように秤皿
し混合した。混合機としてはボールミル、振動ミル、ミ
キサー等を用いた。Example 1 %lV ratio TeMg026%, Jk/++Qi5%,
The mixture was mixed using a weighing plate so that Zn04% and Fe20365% were obtained. As a mixer, a ball mill, a vibration mill, a mixer, etc. were used.

混合粉は８００〜１ｚｏｏ　Ｃで仮焼をした。仮焼した
試料はボールミル、振動ミル、アトライター等の粉砕用
い測定した結果平均粒径で０３〜２０μであった。The mixed powder was calcined at 800 to 1 zooC. The calcined sample was pulverized using a ball mill, a vibration mill, an attritor, etc., and the average particle diameter was 0.3 to 20 μm.

粉砕した試料はバインダーとしてＰ、Ｖ、Ａ　（ボリヒ
ニルアルコール）の水溶液（ｐ、ｖ、Ａ量としてはα０
５−５．０ｗｔ％）を使用しスプレードライヤー、ニー
ダ−、ミキサー等の造粒器を用い造粒した。The pulverized sample was prepared using an aqueous solution of P, V, and A (borihinyl alcohol) as a binder (the amounts of p, v, and A are α0).
5-5.0 wt%) and granulated using a granulator such as a spray dryer, kneader, or mixer.

次に粒造粉を１１００〜１４００３：で焼成した。焼成
方法としてはアルミナ等の容器に造粒粉を入れて焼成し
ても良いが多姐に容器に入れて焼成する場合１：１には焼成の際に粒成長し、粒同志が接合する場合がある
ためローターキルン等で試料を回転しながら焼成しても
良い。このようにして得られたフヱライトの特性を示す
。Next, the granulated powder was fired at a temperature of 1100 to 14003. As for the firing method, the granulated powder may be placed in a container such as alumina and fired, but if the powder is placed in multiple containers and fired in a 1:1 ratio, the grains will grow during firing and the grains will join together. Therefore, the sample may be fired while rotating in a rotor kiln or the like. The characteristics of the fluorite thus obtained are shown below.

この球状フェライトをトナーキャリアとして使用シ、コ
ヒーシた結果、従来の鉄分キャリアは約１０．０００枚
、フェライトキャリア５０，０００枚に対し、本発明キ
ャリアを用いることにより７０，０００〜１０α０００
枚の鮮明なコピーが可能であった。As a result of using this spherical ferrite as a toner carrier and cohering, it was found that the conventional iron carrier can produce approximately 10,000 sheets and the ferrite carrier can produce approximately 50,000 sheets, whereas the carrier of the present invention can produce approximately 70,000 to 10α000 sheets.
It was possible to make clear copies of one sheet.

実施例２Ｍｇ０１Ａ１．２０Ｂ　、ｚｎ□およびＦｅ２Ｏ３を下
記組成に秤ｉし実施例１と同様に試料を作成した。単位
はモル％である。Example 2 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by weighing Mg01A1.20B, zn□ and Fe2O3 into the following composition. The unit is mol%.

次にこれら試料の特性を測定した結果次のようになった
。Next, the characteristics of these samples were measured and the results were as follows.

次にこれら試料ＡＳＢについて球状化し焼成しトナーキ
ャリアとして使Ｊ１」シコピーテストを行った。Next, these ASB samples were spheroidized, fired, and used as toner carriers to perform a J1 copy test.

その結果従来の鉄粉キャリア約１０．０ｏｏ枚、および
通常のフェライトキャリア５０，０００枚の寿命に対し
て、本発明品では７０．０００〜１．００，０００枚の
鮮明なコピーが可能であり装置のおかれている雰囲気の
水分量に全く依存しないものかえられた。As a result, the product of the present invention can produce 70,000 to 1,00,000 clear copies compared to the lifespan of a conventional iron powder carrier of about 10,000 copies and a normal ferrite carrier of 50,000 copies. We have changed to something that does not depend on the moisture content of the atmosphere in which the device is placed.

このように本発明によるフェライトキャリアは鮮明な画
像が得やすくまた外的雰囲気の依存性も極めて少く、そ
の発明の意翰は大なるものである。As described above, the ferrite carrier according to the present invention makes it easy to obtain clear images and has extremely little dependence on external atmosphere, which is a great idea of the present invention.

１（（1((

Claims

【特許請求の範囲】Ｌ　モル比Ｍｇ０１％〜５０％、ｚ′ｎｏ１％〜３０％
、Ｆｅ１０５４５％〜６０％、からなり電気抵抗率１が
Ω０Ｌ〜１０１２Ω国で飽和磁化値が１５ｅｍｕ／ｇ、
　８０θｍｒｇの特性を有し、平均粒径が５μｍ〜５０
０１Ｉｍの球状のフェライトキャリア。２、特許請求の範囲第１項記載のものにおいて、保磁力
ＨＯ１００θ以下であることを特徴とするフェライトキ
ャリア。ｌ１３、　特許請求の範囲第１項記載のものにおいて透磁率
μｍ０以上であることを特徴とするフェライトキャリア
。本　特許請求の範囲第１項記載のものにおいてキュリ一
温度ＴＣが５０［以上であることを特徴とするフェライ
トキャリア。５、　特許請求の範囲第１〜第４項記載のものにおいて
粒子の表面を酸化させたことを特徴とするフェライトキ
ャリア。６　特許請求の範囲第１〜第４項記載のものにおいて、
粒子の表面を樹脂等で被覆したことを特徴とするフェラ
イトキャリア。[Claims] L molar ratio Mg01% to 50%, z'no1% to 30%
, Fe105 45% to 60%, saturation magnetization value is 15 emu/g in countries where electrical resistivity 1 is Ω0L to 1012Ω,
It has the characteristics of 80θmrg, and the average particle size is 5μm to 50μm.
01Im spherical ferrite carrier. 2. A ferrite carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the coercive force HO is 100θ or less. 11 3. A ferrite carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier has a magnetic permeability of μm0 or more. A ferrite carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the Curie temperature TC is 50 or more. 5. A ferrite carrier according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surface of the particles is oxidized. 6 In the claims 1 to 4,
A ferrite carrier characterized by having the surface of particles coated with a resin or the like.