JPS58111922A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58111922A JPS58111922A JP56212042A JP21204281A JPS58111922A JP S58111922 A JPS58111922 A JP S58111922A JP 56212042 A JP56212042 A JP 56212042A JP 21204281 A JP21204281 A JP 21204281A JP S58111922 A JPS58111922 A JP S58111922A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- orientation
- polymer film
- substrate
- film substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はポリマーフィルムからなる上下基板間に成品を
封入して、文字、数字または図形を表示する液晶表示素
子に係イ）るものであり、特に液晶の配向処理に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element that displays characters, numbers, or figures by sealing a product between upper and lower substrates made of polymer films, and particularly relates to alignment treatment of liquid crystal. It is something.
従来、液晶表示素子の基板材料としては無機ガラスが主
流を占めたが、重量が重いとか、衝撃に弱く加工し難い
などの理由から、これに代わるものとして、最近では可
撓性のポリマーフィルムを基板として使用するもの（以
下ＰＦ’−ＬＣＤと略す）が登場した。そして、ポリマ
ーフィルムとしては通常、強靭性、透明性、耐溶剤性等
に優れたポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムが使用さ
れている。かかるポリマーフィルム基板に対して、従来
の無機ガラスに用いられている配向処理方法を、そのま
ま転用することはできなかった。これは、ポリマーフィ
ルムの耐熱温度かガラスに比べて低いため、高温処理が
できないとか、ポリマーフィルムとガラスとでは表向の
化学的性質が異なるため、ガラス用配向剤ではポリマー
フィルムとの密着力が弱く、十分な耐熱性、配向安定性
が得られない等の理由によるものである。そこで、ポリ
マーフィルム基板用の一回処理剤として、エポキシ樹脂
とポリアミド樹脂との混合物、あるいはこれらの樹脂に
更に有機チタン化合物を混合したものなどが提案されて
いる。しかし、これらの配向処理剤は、原材料のコスト
が高い上、材料の耐湿性に欠点があり、混合、保存、コ
ーティング等の工程管理が−１，い等の理由から、量産
性に劣っていた。また、いずれも水平配向処理を目的と
したものであり、垂直配向処理や、チルト角制御配向処
理を目的としたものはなかった。Traditionally, inorganic glass has been the mainstream substrate material for liquid crystal display elements, but due to its heavy weight, weak impact resistance, and difficulty in processing, flexible polymer films have recently been used as an alternative. A device used as a substrate (hereinafter abbreviated as PF'-LCD) has appeared. As the polymer film, polyethylene terephthalate film, which has excellent toughness, transparency, solvent resistance, etc., is usually used. It has not been possible to directly apply the alignment treatment method used for conventional inorganic glass to such polymer film substrates. This is because polymer film has a lower heat resistance temperature than glass, so it cannot be treated at high temperatures, and because polymer film and glass have different chemical properties on the surface, alignment agents for glass have poor adhesion to polymer films. This is because it is weak and cannot provide sufficient heat resistance and orientation stability. Therefore, a mixture of an epoxy resin and a polyamide resin, or a mixture of these resins with an organic titanium compound has been proposed as a one-time processing agent for polymer film substrates. However, these alignment agents are inferior to mass production due to the high cost of raw materials, shortcomings in the moisture resistance of the materials, and poor process control for mixing, storage, coating, etc. . Further, all of them were aimed at horizontal alignment processing, and none were aimed at vertical alignment processing or tilt angle control alignment processing.
本発明は、かかる従来の配向処理の持つ欠点を解決し、
安価で量産性に優れ、目的に応じて液晶配向の制御が可
能な、高信頼性のポリマーフィル・基板用配向処理を提
徂♀るものである。The present invention solves the drawbacks of such conventional alignment processing,
We offer a highly reliable alignment treatment for polymer films and substrates that is inexpensive, easy to mass produce, and allows for control of liquid crystal alignment depending on the purpose.
さらに詳しくは、ポリマーフィルム基板、特にポリエチ
レンテレフタレート基板に対して、良好な結合力を有す
る特定構造の有機ケイ素化合物の１種もしくは２種以上
の混合物を、浸漬法、スプレー法、スピンナー法などに
よって基板表面にコーティングし、フィルムの熱変形温
度以下の温度で加熱処理して安疋皮１戻化したのち、必
要によってはラビングを行うことで昼信頼性の配向を有
するＰ Ｉ’ −Ｌ ＯＤを得るものである。More specifically, one type or a mixture of two or more types of organosilicon compounds with a specific structure having good bonding strength is applied to a polymer film substrate, particularly a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, by a dipping method, a spray method, a spinner method, etc. After coating the surface and heat-treating it at a temperature below the heat distortion temperature of the film to revert to Anbihi 1, if necessary, rubbing is performed to obtain P I'-L OD having a day-reliable orientation. It is something.
本発明に適用さイする有機ケイ素化合物は、次の一般式
（１）で表わされる。The organosilicon compound applied to the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1).
１
■
Ｙ−８ｉ −４（１）
２
（１）式中、Ｙは本発明の核心をなすものであり、ポリ
マーフィルム基板、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートフ
ィルム基板に対して強力な結合性を付与するものである
。この目的には、官能基として、を含有する、炭化水素
基が虐していることが、多くの実験から確認されている
。1 ■ Y-8i -4(1) 2 In the formula (1), Y is the core of the present invention and provides strong bonding properties to a polymer film substrate, especially a polyethylene terephthalate film substrate. be. It has been confirmed from many experiments that hydrocarbon groups containing as functional groups are suitable for this purpose.
また、（１）式中、Ｘｌおよびｘ２は、アルコキシ基な
どの加水分解性基、好ましくはＣｆｌ８０−（メトキシ
基）であり、加水分解の結果、それら自身で縮合重合反
応を起し、ポリマーフィルム表面にシロキサン結合（８
Ｆ−０−８ｊ）のｃｒｏｓｓ−１ｉｎｋ構造を形成して
安定化する役割を持っている。In addition, in formula (1), Xl and x2 are hydrolyzable groups such as alkoxy groups, preferably Cfl80- (methoxy group), and as a result of hydrolysis, they themselves cause a condensation polymerization reaction, resulting in a polymer film. Siloxane bond (8
It has the role of forming and stabilizing the cross-1 ink structure of F-0-8j).
また、（１）式中、Ｒは液晶の配向性に寄与するもので
あり、配向目的に応じて、アルキル基またはフェニル基
より選択される。配向目的には、水平、配向処理、垂直
配向処理及び基板対液晶分子の長袖とのなす角（チルト
角）制御配向処理などがあるが、一般的には、水平配向
処理にはＲがフェニル基のものが適しており、また垂直
配向処理にはＲがアルキル基のものがよい傾向を示す。In formula (1), R contributes to the alignment of liquid crystals and is selected from an alkyl group or a phenyl group depending on the purpose of alignment. The purpose of alignment includes horizontal alignment treatment, vertical alignment treatment, and alignment treatment to control the angle (tilt angle) between the substrate and the long sleeve of the liquid crystal molecules, but in general, for horizontal alignment treatment, R is a phenyl group. Those in which R is an alkyl group tend to be suitable for vertical alignment treatment.
Ｒがアルキル基のものとフェニル基のものとを適正な割
合で混合すればチルト角制御が可能となる。Tilt angle control becomes possible by mixing those in which R is an alkyl group and one in which R is a phenyl group in an appropriate ratio.
以上、記述したような有機ケイ素化合物は、いわゆるシ
ランカップリング剤の一種とみなすことができるが、本
発明のように、（１）式で示される構造を持つものをポ
リマーフィルム基板の液晶配向処理剤として用いるのは
全く新規なものであり、重圧性に潰れた尚４に’？Ａ性
のポリマーフィルム基板用配向処理を希求する過柱にの
み得られたものである。The organosilicon compounds described above can be considered as a type of so-called silane coupling agents, but as in the present invention, compounds having the structure represented by formula (1) are used for liquid crystal alignment treatment of polymer film substrates. What is used as an agent is completely new, and it is used in Nao 4, which was crushed under pressure. This was obtained only for those seeking orientation treatment for A-type polymer film substrates.
上述した有機ケイ素化合物は、水あるいはアルコール類
等の適当な俗媒に俗解希釈することができ、その配向目
的に塔じて単一化合物もしくは２種以Ｅの混合物として
ポリマーフィルム基板上にコーティングされる。コーチ
、イノグは迫常、浸漬度（通常１００′Ｃ〜１５０°Ｃ
程度）テｌＯ分〜６０分程度加熱処理される。これによ
って化合物はホリマーフィルム基板表面に強固に密着し
皮膜化する。必要によっては加熱処理のあとに溶媒で基
板表面を洗浄し、水平配向あるいはチルト角制御配向の
場合は綿布などでラビングする。The above-mentioned organosilicon compounds can be diluted in a suitable medium such as water or alcohols, and can be coated on a polymer film substrate as a single compound or a mixture of two or more types depending on the purpose of alignment. Ru. Coach, Inogu is very strong, immersion degree (usually 100'C to 150°C)
degree) Heat treated for about 10 minutes to 60 minutes. As a result, the compound firmly adheres to the surface of the polymer film substrate and forms a film. If necessary, the substrate surface is cleaned with a solvent after the heat treatment, and in the case of horizontal alignment or tilt angle controlled alignment, it is rubbed with cotton cloth or the like.
以上述べたように、本発明は谷易な方法を用いることに
よって、ポリマーフィルム基板上に配向処理が可能なも
のである。As described above, the present invention allows alignment treatment to be performed on a polymer film substrate by using a simple method.
以下に実施例をｔげ、さらに詳述する。Examples will be given below for further details.
実施例１
２枚の厚み１００ ｔｔ−のポリエチレンテレフタレー
トフィルムの表面に、ＩｎｚＱう透明導電膜を所定の膨
軟ｔこパターン化したものを液晶表示用電極基板とした
。Example 1 An electrode substrate for a liquid crystal display was prepared by forming an InzQ transparent conductive film into a predetermined swelling pattern on the surface of two 100 tt-thick polyethylene terephthalate films.
上記基板上に、次式（２）で示される化合物の０．１重
量％エタノール溶液をスピンナー塗布した後１３０℃３
０分間加熱処理した。After applying a 0.1% by weight ethanol solution of the compound represented by the following formula (2) on the above substrate using a spinner,
Heat treatment was performed for 0 minutes.
Ｈａ
このように処理した２枚の基板を、ギャップが１０μｍ
になるように周辺をシールしてセルを作製した。Ha Two substrates treated in this way were separated with a gap of 10 μm.
A cell was prepared by sealing the periphery so that
上記セルに、フェニルシクロヘキサン系液晶を封入した
液晶パネルの前後に偏光板を置き、外観を観察した結果
、全面均一に垂直配向した。Polarizing plates were placed in front and behind the liquid crystal panel in which phenylcyclohexane liquid crystal was sealed in the cell, and as a result of observing the appearance, it was found that the entire surface was uniformly vertically aligned.
このパネルを８０°Ｃエージジグした結果、１０００時
間経過後も配向不良は生じなかった。As a result of aging this panel at 80°C, no defective orientation occurred even after 1000 hours.
失地例２
失地例１と同様に作製したセルに、誘電異方性が負のネ
マチック液晶に二色性急累を添加したゲスト−ホスト型
液晶組成吻を封入し、外観を観察したところ、全面均一
に垂直配回した。Area Loss Example 2 A guest-host liquid crystal composition in which a dichroic gradient was added to a nematic liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy was sealed in a cell prepared in the same manner as Area Loss Example 1, and when the appearance was observed, it was found that it was uniform over the entire surface. It was arranged vertically.
このセルに電界を印ｎ口したところ、電界無印加部は殆
んど無色に近く、電界印加部は有色の良好なコントラス
トを示すポジ型カラー表示を得た。When an electric field was applied to this cell, a positive color display was obtained in which the area where no electric field was applied was almost colorless and the area where the electric field was applied was colored and showed good contrast.
実施＠３
実施例１と同様に作製した２枚の基板上に、次式（３）
で示される化合物のｏ、 ｉ 重量％エタノール溶液を
スピンナー塗布したのち１８０°Ｃ３０分間加熱処理し
た・
８１（８
０）１２＝ＯＦ（−８，−〇 （３）Ｈａ
このあとエタノールで洗浄したのち、綿布で数回ラビン
グした。Implementation@3 The following formula (3) was applied on two substrates prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
81(80)12=OF(-8,-〇(3)Ha After applying an o, i wt% ethanol solution of the compound represented by a spinner with a spinner, it was heated at 180°C for 30 minutes. After washing with ethanol, , rubbed several times with cotton cloth.
以上のように処理した２枚の基板をラビング方向が直交
するように重ね合せ、ギャップが１０μｍになるように
周辺をシールしてセルを作製した。The two substrates treated as described above were stacked on top of each other so that the rubbing directions were perpendicular to each other, and the periphery was sealed so that the gap was 10 μm to produce a cell.
上記セルに、フェニルシクロヘキサン系液晶を封入した
液晶パネルの前後に偏光板をラビング方向と同様に直交
させて置き、外観を観察した結果、全面均一に水平配向
した。仁のパネルを８０℃エージングした結果、１００
０時間経過後も配向不良は生じなかった。In the above cell, polarizing plates were placed before and after the liquid crystal panel filled with phenylcyclohexane liquid crystal so as to be perpendicular to the rubbing direction, and as a result of observing the appearance, it was found that the entire surface was uniformly horizontally aligned. As a result of aging the Jin panel at 80℃, the
No defective orientation occurred even after 0 hours had elapsed.
実施例４
実施例１と同様に作製した基板上に、式（３）で示され
た化合物と、次式（４）で示される化合物とのモル比１
．１混合物を、エタノールに対して０．１重量％溶解し
た溶液をスピンナー塗布したのち、１３０℃３０分間加
熱処理した。Example 4 On a substrate prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, a molar ratio of the compound represented by formula (3) and the compound represented by the following formula (4) was 1.
．． 1 mixture was applied with a spinner using a solution prepared by dissolving 0.1% by weight in ethanol, and then heat-treated at 130° C. for 30 minutes.
Ｃ山
０ｆ−１，２＝ ０Ｈ−８番−０ａＨｙ （４
）Ｈ８
このあと、エタノールで洗浄したのち綿布で数回ラビン
グした。C mountain 0f-1,2 = 0H-8th-0aHy (4
)H8 After this, the sample was washed with ethanol and then rubbed several times with cotton cloth.
以上のように処理した２奴の基板を、ラビング方向が直
交するように車ね合せ、ギャップが１０μｍになるよう
に周辺をシールしてセルを作製した。The two substrates treated as described above were combined so that the rubbing directions were perpendicular to each other, and the periphery was sealed so that the gap was 10 μm to prepare a cell.
上記セルに、失地例３と同様のフェニルシクロヘキサン
系液晶を封入した液晶パネルの前後に偏光板をラビング
方向と同様に直交させて置き、外観を観察した結果、パ
ネルの直上から見て全面均一に配向した。又、パネルを
斜方から観察したところ、全面に一様な干渉色が観１察
された。このパネルの電圧特性はｙｔｈが約１．５Ｖで
、実施例３の水平配向処理したパネルの１．７■に比べ
約０．２ Ｖ低電圧下していることが測定された。また
、静市谷量−印加菫圧法（０−Ｖ法）を用いてプレチル
トを測定したところ、実施例４の方が、実施例３よりも
プレチルト角が大きいことが確認された。In the above cell, polarizing plates were placed before and after the liquid crystal panel filled with the same phenylcyclohexane liquid crystal as in Example 3, perpendicular to the rubbing direction, and as a result of observing the appearance, it was found that the entire surface was uniform when viewed from directly above the panel. Oriented. Furthermore, when the panel was observed from an oblique angle, uniform interference colors were observed over the entire surface. As for the voltage characteristics of this panel, yth was about 1.5V, which was about 0.2V lower than the 1.7V of the horizontally aligned panel of Example 3. Further, when the pretilt was measured using the static I/O amount-applied violet pressure method (0-V method), it was confirmed that the pretilt angle of Example 4 was larger than that of Example 3.
以上の実話例からも明らかなように、本発明によって、
量産性に潰れた高信頼性のポリマーフィルム基板用液晶
配回が容易に侍られる。また、目的によって液晶配向の
制御が可能であり、水平配向はもとより、これまでポリ
マーフィルム基板で今
は嬉可能であった垂直配向やチルト角制御配向が可能と
なった。このことは、これまでガラスパネルにおいて考
案された、あらゆる種類の液晶配向状態がＰ １４’−
Ｌ ＯＤにおいても得られることを意味している。すな
わち、ゲスト−ホスト方式のポジ型カラー表示等、従来
ガラスパネルで提案されていた全ての表示方式がＰＦ−
ＬＣＤにおいても本発明によってはじめて実現可能とな
ったわけであり、Ｆ Ｂ” −Ｌ ＯＤの応用範囲を飛
躍的に拡大するものである。As is clear from the above actual examples, with the present invention,
Highly reliable liquid crystal layout for polymer film substrates, which has been lost in mass production, can be easily achieved. In addition, it is possible to control liquid crystal alignment depending on the purpose, and in addition to horizontal alignment, vertical alignment and tilt angle control alignment, which were previously only possible with polymer film substrates, are now possible. This means that all kinds of liquid crystal alignment states that have been devised for glass panels so far are P 14'-
This means that it can also be obtained at LOD. In other words, all display methods conventionally proposed for glass panels, such as guest-host positive color display, are now PF-
The present invention has also made it possible to realize this for the first time in LCDs, and dramatically expands the range of application of F B''-L OD.
Claims (1)
入して、文字、数字又は図形を表示する液晶表示素子に
おいて、該ポリマーフィルム基板の液晶と接する表面に
、下記一般式で示される有機ケイ素化合物の１柵もしく
は２種以上の混合物を皮膜化したことを特徴とする液晶
表示素子 １ Ｙ−８龜−Ｒ ２ （ここで、孔はアルキル基またはフェニル基Ｘ１Ｘはア
ルコキシ基などの加水分解性基、Ｙはビニル基、エポキ
シ基、メタクリロキシ基のいずれかを含有する炭化水素
基を意味する。）（２＞ 該ポリマーフィルムがポリ
エチレンテレフタレートフィルムである特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の液晶表示素子。[Claims] (I) In a liquid crystal display element that displays characters, numbers, or figures by sealing a liquid crystal between upper and lower substrates made of a polymer film, the following general formula is applied to the surface of the polymer film substrate in contact with the liquid crystal. Liquid crystal display element 1 characterized in that it is formed into a film of one or a mixture of two or more organosilicon compounds represented by Y-8-R2 (where the hole is an alkyl group or the phenyl group X1X is an alkoxy group) (Y means a hydrocarbon group containing any one of a vinyl group, an epoxy group, and a methacryloxy group.) (2> Claim 1, in which the polymer film is a polyethylene terephthalate film. The liquid crystal display element described above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56212042A JPS58111922A (en) | 1981-12-25 | 1981-12-25 | Liquid crystal display element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56212042A JPS58111922A (en) | 1981-12-25 | 1981-12-25 | Liquid crystal display element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58111922A true JPS58111922A (en) | 1983-07-04 |
Family
ID=16615900
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56212042A Pending JPS58111922A (en) | 1981-12-25 | 1981-12-25 | Liquid crystal display element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58111922A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58160924A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal element |
| EP1708015A3 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-18 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Organic silicon-based (polysiloxane) alignment layers for liquid crystal displays |
-
1981
- 1981-12-25 JP JP56212042A patent/JPS58111922A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58160924A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal element |
| EP1708015A3 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-18 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Organic silicon-based (polysiloxane) alignment layers for liquid crystal displays |
| US7638175B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2009-12-29 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Alignment film, method of forming the alignment film, liquid crystal panel, and electronic equipment |
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