JPS58107810A - Exhaust-gas purifier for diesel engine - Google Patents
Exhaust-gas purifier for diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58107810A JPS58107810A JP56206500A JP20650081A JPS58107810A JP S58107810 A JPS58107810 A JP S58107810A JP 56206500 A JP56206500 A JP 56206500A JP 20650081 A JP20650081 A JP 20650081A JP S58107810 A JPS58107810 A JP S58107810A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter member
- exhaust
- exhaust gas
- burner
- clogging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
- F01N3/032—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start during filter regeneration only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/05—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a particulate sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/07—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas flow rate or velocity meter or sensor, intake flow meters only when exclusively used to determine exhaust gas parameters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中のカーボン
粒子等の微粒子成分を捕集するフィルタ一部材を排気通
路に設けるとともにこのフィルタ一部材に捕集された微
粒子成分を燃焼させてフィルタ一部材の目詰まりを解消
するバーナ装置を設けたディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス
浄化装置に関し、さらに詳細にはフィルタ一部材の目詰
まり進行を緩和し、かつバーナ装置の消炎を防止するよ
うにした排気ガス浄化装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a filter member that collects particulate components such as carbon particles in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine in an exhaust passage, and burns the particulate components collected by this filter member. The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for a diesel engine equipped with a burner device that eliminates clogging of a filter member, and more specifically, a device that alleviates the progress of clogging of the filter member and prevents the burner device from extinguishing the flame. This invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device.
ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス中には、カーボン粒子等
の微粒子成分が多（含まれ、ディーゼルエンジンの排気
ガス浄化を実施するにあたっては、この微粒子成分を除
去することが不可欠とされてきた。このような微粒子成
分を除去する排気ガス浄化装置としては、例えば特開昭
４９−７１３１５号公報に示されているように、排気通
路内に上記微粒子成分を捕集するフィルタ一部材を配設
したものが公知どなっている。Diesel engine exhaust gas contains many particulate components such as carbon particles, and it has been considered essential to remove these particulate components when purifying diesel engine exhaust gas. As an exhaust gas purification device for removing particulate components, there is a known exhaust gas purification device in which a filter member for collecting the particulate components is disposed in the exhaust passage, as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 71315/1983. There's a lot of yelling.
しかしこのようなフィルタ一部材を使用する従来のディ
ーゼルエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置にあっては、エンジ
ンから排出される排気ガスは′Ｋにフィルタ一部材に通
されるようになっていたため、たとえ前記微粒子成分か
らなる排気煙が浄化不要であるほど低濃度レベルであっ
ても排気ガスはフィルタ一部材に通されてしまい、フィ
ルタ一部材の目詰まり進行が著しく促進されてしまうと
いう問題があった。However, in a conventional diesel engine exhaust gas purification device that uses such a filter member, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is passed through the filter member. Even if the concentration level of the exhaust smoke made of particulate components is so low that purification is not necessary, the exhaust gas is passed through the filter member, and there is a problem in that the progress of clogging of the filter member is significantly accelerated.
フィルタ一部材が目詰まりするとリド圧が上昇し、その
結果燃焼性能が低下する等エンジンにとって好ましくな
い事態が生じる。また上記のようなフィルタ一部材を用
いる排気ガス浄化装置は、前述の特開昭４９−７１３１
５号公報にも示されているように一般に、目詰まりが進
行したならば捕集成、分をバーナ装置によって燃焼させ
て目詰まりを解消するように形成されるが、目詰まりの
進行か速ければそれだけバーナ装置の作動も頻繁になり
、フィルタ一部材が高温にさらされる機会が増えてフィ
ルタ一部材の寿命が短くなる。さらにバーナ装置を頻繁
に作動させればそれだけバーナ用燃料の消費もかさむ。When the filter member becomes clogged, the lid pressure increases, resulting in unfavorable conditions for the engine, such as a decrease in combustion performance. Further, an exhaust gas purification device using the above-mentioned filter member is disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 49-7131.
As shown in Publication No. 5, in general, if the clogging progresses, the collected components are burned by a burner device to eliminate the clogging, but if the clogging progresses quickly, As the burner device operates more frequently, there are more opportunities for the filter member to be exposed to high temperatures, which shortens the life of the filter member. Furthermore, the more frequently the burner device is operated, the more the burner fuel is consumed.
一方、上記のような目詰まり解消用のバーナ装置ｄを作
動させるときに、高速で排気ガスが送られて来るとバー
ナ装置が立ち消えや不看火（以下、総じて消炎と称する
）を起こすことがある。このような消炎が生じても特別
の検出手段が設けられていない限りバーナ燃料は供給さ
れ続けるので、未燃ガスが排気ガス中に放出されて２次
汚染が生じることになる。On the other hand, when operating the burner device d for eliminating clogging as described above, if exhaust gas is sent at high speed, the burner device may go out or fail to catch fire (hereinafter collectively referred to as quenching). be. Even if such extinction occurs, burner fuel continues to be supplied unless special detection means are provided, and unburned gases are released into the exhaust gas, causing secondary pollution.
本発明は上記事情に鐵みてなされたものであり、フィル
タ一部材の目詰まり進行が緩和され、しかもバーナ装置
の消炎が起きることのないディーゼル千ンジンの排気ガ
ス浄化装置を提供することを目的とするものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification device for a diesel engine in which the progress of clogging of a filter member is alleviated and the burner device does not extinguish the flame. It is something to do.
本発明のディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置は、前
述のようなフィルタ一部材を設けるとともにこのフィル
タ一部材の目詰まりをバーナ装置によって解消するよう
にした排気ガス浄化装置において、フィルタ一部材とバ
ーナ装置をバイパスするバイパス通路を排気通路に設け
るとともに、このバイパス通路に送られる排気ガス量と
上記フィルタ一部材に流される排気ガス量の比を変更し
得る弁を設け、さらに前述したような微粒子の濃度を検
出する排気煙濃度検出器と上記弁を制御する弁制御手段
とを設け、上記排気煙濃度検出器が検出した排気煙濃度
の高、低に応じて、前記バイパス通路に流される排気の
量を減量、増量する方向に前記弁を制御する弁制御手段
を設けたものである。An exhaust gas purification device for a diesel engine according to the present invention is an exhaust gas purification device including a filter member as described above and in which clogging of the filter member is eliminated by a burner device. A bypass passage is provided in the exhaust passage, and a valve is provided that can change the ratio of the amount of exhaust gas sent to this bypass passage and the amount of exhaust gas sent to the filter member, and furthermore, the concentration of particulates as described above is adjusted. an exhaust smoke concentration detector for detecting the exhaust gas concentration and a valve control means for controlling the valve, and the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the bypass passage depending on whether the exhaust smoke concentration detected by the exhaust smoke concentration detector is high or low. A valve control means is provided for controlling the valve in the direction of decreasing or increasing the amount.
上記のように制御される弁が設けられることにより、デ
ィーゼルエンジンから排出される排気ガスの排気煙濃度
が十分に低くてフィルタ一部材による排気ガス浄化が不
要であるような場合には、排気ガスは自動的にフィルタ
一部材をバイパスして直接大気に放出されるようになる
ので、フィルタ一部材の目６吉まり進行が緩和されるよ
うになる。By providing the valve controlled as described above, when the exhaust smoke concentration of the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine is sufficiently low and there is no need to purify the exhaust gas with the filter member, the exhaust gas is Since the water automatically bypasses the filter member and is directly released into the atmosphere, the tendency of the filter member to deteriorate is alleviated.
そしてさらに本発明の排気ガス浄化装置には、フィルタ
一部材に所定量を超える排気ガスが流されているときに
は、バーナ装置の作動を停止させるバーナ作動制限手段
が設けられるようになっている。したがってフィルタ一
部材の目詰まりが所定レベルまで進行しても、フィルタ
一部材に、消炎を起こすほどの量の排気ガスが流されて
いる時にはバーナ装置は作動しないので、バーナ装置の
消炎が防止される。Further, the exhaust gas purification device of the present invention is provided with burner operation restriction means that stops the operation of the burner device when exhaust gas exceeding a predetermined amount is flowing through the filter member. Therefore, even if the filter member becomes clogged to a predetermined level, the burner device will not operate if enough exhaust gas is flowing through the filter member to cause flame extinguishment, and the burner device will be prevented from extinguishing the flame. Ru.
目詰まり解消用バーナ装置の作動が必要なときに、上記
バーナ作動制限手段によって作動が一旦停止されたバー
ナ装置は、排気ガスの排気煙濃度が低下してフィルタ一
部材に通されるｎト気ガス量が所定量以下になると作動
され、フィルタ一部材の目詰まりを解消する。When it is necessary to operate the burner device for clogging, the operation of the burner device is temporarily stopped by the burner operation limiting means, and the exhaust gas concentration of the exhaust gas decreases and the exhaust gas passes through the filter member. It is activated when the amount of gas falls below a predetermined amount to eliminate clogging of the filter member.
上記排気ガスの所定量はゼロに設定する、すなわちフィ
ルターｔａｕ ＋、１に少量でも排気ガスが流されてい
ればとにかくバーナ装置を作動させないようにすること
が、バーナ装置の消炎を防止する」−では最も好ましい
が、バーナ装置を消炎させることが絶対に考えられない
ような極めて小さい流量を所定量として設定しても勿論
構わない。Setting the above-mentioned predetermined amount of exhaust gas to zero, that is, preventing the burner device from operating if even a small amount of exhaust gas is flowing through the filter tau+1 prevents the burner device from extinguishing the flame. Although this is most preferable, it is of course possible to set the predetermined flow rate to an extremely small flow rate that is absolutely inconceivable to extinguish the burner device.
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施例について詳細に説
明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の１実施例によるディーゼルエンジンの
排気ガス浄化装置を概略的に示すものである。ディーゼ
ルエンジン１の排気マニホールド２に接続された排気通
路３にはハニカム状のフィルタ一部材４が配設されてい
る。このフィルタ一部材４は多孔質の隔壁４ａによって
多数の細孔４ｂが形成されてなる。細孔４ｂは１つおき
に端部を変えて各々の一端部がブラインドプラグ４Ｃで
閉塞されており、上流側端部が開いた細孔４ｂ内に流入
した排気ガスは、多孔質の隔壁４ａを通過して、下流側
端部が開いた細孔４ｂに流出する。排気ガスが隔壁４ａ
を通過する際に、この排気ガス中に含まれていたカーボ
ン粒子等の微粒子が該隔壁４ａに捕集される。フィルタ
一部材４には、その軸心と直交する方向に１対の電極５
，６が挿入されている。これら電極５，６は、フィルタ
一部材４０周壁に固定され、各隔壁４ａに対しては密に
、すなわち隔壁４ａとの間に間隙を形成しないように挿
入されている。フィルタ一部材４よりも上流側の排気通
路３には、バーナ７が配設されている。このバーナ７は
エアノズル７ａと燃料ノズル７ｂおよび着火プラグ作動
用スイッチ７Ｃからなる。FIG. 1 schematically shows an exhaust gas purification device for a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. A honeycomb-shaped filter member 4 is disposed in an exhaust passage 3 connected to an exhaust manifold 2 of a diesel engine 1. This filter member 4 has a large number of pores 4b formed by porous partition walls 4a. The ends of the pores 4b are changed every other and one end of each is closed with a blind plug 4C, and the exhaust gas flowing into the pores 4b whose upstream end is open is passed through the porous partition wall 4a. It flows out into the pore 4b, which has an open downstream end. Exhaust gas passes through the partition wall 4a
When the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas, fine particles such as carbon particles contained in the exhaust gas are collected by the partition wall 4a. A pair of electrodes 5 are provided on the filter member 4 in a direction perpendicular to its axis.
, 6 are inserted. These electrodes 5 and 6 are fixed to the peripheral wall of the filter member 40, and are inserted into each partition wall 4a closely, that is, without forming a gap between them and the partition wall 4a. A burner 7 is disposed in the exhaust passage 3 upstream of the filter member 4. This burner 7 consists of an air nozzle 7a, a fuel nozzle 7b, and a spark plug operating switch 7C.
バーナ７よりもさらに上流側の排気通路３からはバイパ
ス通路８が分岐され、このバイパス通路８は前述したフ
ィルタ一部材４を迂回して排気通路３に戻されている。A bypass passage 8 branches off from the exhaust passage 3 on the upstream side of the burner 7, and this bypass passage 8 bypasses the filter member 4 described above and returns to the exhaust passage 3.
そしてこのバイパス通路８の上流側の分岐部には、該バ
イパス通路８への排気ガスの流入を遮断して排気ガスを
全墓前６己フィルタ一部材４に送り込むバイパス全開位
置（第１図中実勝の位置）と、フィルタ一部材４への排
気ガスの流入を連断して排気ガスを全量バイパス通路８
に送り込むバイパス全開位置（第１図中１点鎖線の位置
）との２つの位置をとる切替弁９が配設されている。こ
の切替弁９は例えば、ダイヤフラム操作圧が電磁弁等に
よって選択的に付加、遮断される空気作動ダイヤフラム
升、あるいは電動弁等から構成され、後に詳述する副側
１回路からの信号によって操作される。The upstream branch of the bypass passage 8 has a bypass fully open position (see Figure 1) where the exhaust gas is blocked from flowing into the bypass passage 8 and is sent to the filter member 4. position) and the inflow of exhaust gas to the filter member 4 is connected to the exhaust gas bypass passage 8.
A switching valve 9 is provided which can take two positions: a bypass fully open position (position indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 1), which sends the fuel to The switching valve 9 is composed of, for example, an air-operated diaphragm to which the diaphragm operating pressure is selectively applied or cut off by a solenoid valve or the like, or an electric valve, etc., and is operated by a signal from a secondary circuit, which will be described in detail later. Ru.
上記バイパス通路８の下流端が接続された部分よりも下
流側の排気通路３には、第２図に評しく図示されている
ような排気煙濃度センサー１０か設けられている。この
排気煙濃度センサー１０は、光源部である発光ダイオー
ド１． Ｏａと光量感知部であるフォトトランジスタ１
０ｂ１およびこのフォトトランジスタ１０ｂの出力を増
幅する増幅器１０Ｃからなり、発光ダイオード１０ａと
フォトトランジスタ１０ｂはリド気進路３の周壁部に相
対向して取り付けられている。発光ダイオード１０ａか
ら発せられる光は排気通路３を横切ってフォトトランジ
スタ１０ｂに達するが、フォトトランジスタ１０ｂが受
光する光量は、排気通路３内を通過する排気煙の一度に
逆比例する。フォトトランジスタ１０ｂは受光した光量
に応じた電圧を発生するので、これを検出して増幅器１
０ｃで増幅して出力する。An exhaust smoke concentration sensor 10 as best illustrated in FIG. 2 is provided in the exhaust passage 3 on the downstream side of the portion to which the downstream end of the bypass passage 8 is connected. This exhaust smoke concentration sensor 10 includes a light emitting diode 1. Oa and phototransistor 1 which is a light amount sensing section
0b1 and an amplifier 10C for amplifying the output of the phototransistor 10b, the light emitting diode 10a and the phototransistor 10b are attached to the peripheral wall of the lid air path 3 facing each other. The light emitted from the light emitting diode 10a crosses the exhaust passage 3 and reaches the phototransistor 10b, and the amount of light received by the phototransistor 10b is inversely proportional to the amount of exhaust smoke passing through the exhaust passage 3 at one time. Since the phototransistor 10b generates a voltage according to the amount of light received, this is detected and the amplifier 1
Amplify and output at 0c.
したがってこの出力信号Ｓ１の電圧を測定することによ
って排気煙濃度を知ることができる。Therefore, by measuring the voltage of this output signal S1, the exhaust smoke concentration can be determined.
この排気煙濃度信号Ｓ１は、前述した１対の電・１参５
＋６の出力を受けてフィルタ一部材４が所定のレベルま
で目詰まりしたことを検出する目詰まり検出回路１１か
ら発せられる目詰まり検出信号Ｓ２、および前記切替弁
９が前述した２つの位置のどちらにあるかを示す弁位置
信号Ｓ３とともに制御回路１２に入力される。This exhaust smoke concentration signal S1 is generated by the above-mentioned pair of electric
+6 output from the clogging detection circuit 11 which detects that the filter member 4 is clogged to a predetermined level, and which of the two positions the switching valve 9 is in. It is input to the control circuit 12 together with a valve position signal S3 indicating whether the valve is present.
弁位置信号Ｓ３は例えば弁棒等の弁可動部に接続したリ
ミットスイッチ等によって取り出すことができるが、目
詰まり検出信号Ｓ２については第３図を用いて以下簡単
に説明する。The valve position signal S3 can be taken out, for example, by a limit switch connected to a valve movable part such as a valve stem, but the clogging detection signal S2 will be briefly explained below with reference to FIG.
前述した１対の酸惨５，６間の電気抵抗は、フィルタ一
部材４の隔壁４ａにカーボン粒子等の微粒子が付着する
と、付層したその微粒子の量の増大に応じて減小する特
性を有する。The electrical resistance between the pair of acid particles 5 and 6 described above has a characteristic that when fine particles such as carbon particles adhere to the partition wall 4a of the filter member 4, it decreases as the amount of the fine particles increases. have
したがって篭＋＃、５．６をバッチ＋）Ｅ、抵抗Ｒを介
して接続すると、上記抵抗Ｒの両端の電圧差は、隔壁４
ａに付着した微粒子の量の増大に応じて増大するように
なる。したがってここで、上記抵抗ｉｔの一端側をアー
スして他端側を比較器Ｃ０ＩＶｈに接続し、一方バーナ
７を燃焼させてフィルタ一部材４０目詰まりを解消する
ことが必要である程度に微粒子が付層したときの上記電
圧差と同じ基準電圧を発生する基準電圧発生器ｅＯの一
端側をアースして他端側を十Ｈ己比較器ＣＯｔＭ＋に接
続し、この基準電圧と上記電圧差を比較して上記電圧差
が基準電圧を上回ったときに電気信号Ｓ２を発するよう
にすれば、この電気信号Ｓ２を目詰まり検出信号として
用いて、バーナ作動を必要時に自動的に開始させること
ができる。なお目詰まり検出手段としてはその他の各種
公知のもの、例えば排圧の上昇を検出して目詰まりを検
出するようなものが使用されてもよい。Therefore, if the basket +#, 5.6 is connected through the batch +) E and resistor R, the voltage difference across the resistor R is
It increases as the amount of fine particles attached to a increases. Therefore, here, one end of the resistor it is grounded and the other end is connected to the comparator C0IVh, while the burner 7 is burned to remove the clogging of the filter member 40. One end of the reference voltage generator eO, which generates the same reference voltage as the above voltage difference when layered, is grounded and the other end is connected to the 10H self-comparator COtM+, and this reference voltage and the above voltage difference are compared. If the electric signal S2 is generated when the voltage difference exceeds the reference voltage, the electric signal S2 can be used as a clogging detection signal to automatically start burner operation when necessary. Note that as the clogging detection means, various other known devices may be used, such as those that detect clogging by detecting an increase in exhaust pressure.
以下、上記構造の本実施例のディーゼルエンジンの排気
ガス浄化装置の作動について説明する。第４図は制御回
路１２の構成を示すものであり、前述した排気煙濃度信
号Ｓ１は比較器Ｃ０Ｍ２に入力され、弁位置信号Ｓ３は
基準信号発生器１２ａに入力されるようになっている。The operation of the diesel engine exhaust gas purification device of this embodiment having the above structure will be explained below. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the control circuit 12, in which the aforementioned exhaust smoke concentration signal S1 is input to the comparator C0M2, and the valve position signal S3 is input to the reference signal generator 12a.
基準信号発生器１２ａは、例えば法定の規制値等、それ
以上高濃度で大気放出することが許されない限界の排気
煙濃度に対応する第１の基準値と、この第１の基準値よ
りも低い排気煙濃度に対応した第２の基準値の２種類の
基準値を発生可能で、弁位置信号Ｓ３を ′受けて
、切替弁９がバイパス全開位置にあるときには上記第１
の基準値を、切替弁９がバイパス全閉位置にあるときに
は上記第２の基準値を出力するように形成されている。The reference signal generator 12a has a first reference value, such as a legal regulation value, which corresponds to a limit exhaust smoke concentration that is not allowed to be released into the atmosphere at a higher concentration, and a first reference value lower than this first reference value. It is possible to generate two types of reference values, a second reference value corresponding to the exhaust smoke concentration, and when the switching valve 9 is in the bypass fully open position upon receiving the valve position signal S3', the first reference value is generated.
When the switching valve 9 is in the bypass fully closed position, the second reference value is outputted.
比較器Ｃ０Ｍ２は上記第１あるいは第２の基準値と、実
測の排気煙濃度信号Ｓ１とを比較して、実測の排気煙濃
度が基準値を超えたならば切替弁９をバイパス全閉位置
に駆動する弁制御信号Ｓ５を出力し、反対に実測の排気
煙濃度が基準値以下ならば切替弁９をバイパス全開位置
に駆動する弁制御信号Ｓ５を出力するように形成されて
いる。ここで第２の基準値は、第１の基準値に相当する
排気煙濃度を有する排気ガスがフィルタ一部材４を通過
した後の排気煙濃度よりもやや低めの排気煙濃度に対応
するものに設定されている。The comparator C0M2 compares the first or second reference value with the actually measured exhaust smoke concentration signal S1, and if the actually measured exhaust smoke concentration exceeds the reference value, sets the switching valve 9 to the bypass fully closed position. It is configured to output a valve control signal S5 to drive the switching valve 9, and to output a valve control signal S5 to drive the switching valve 9 to the bypass fully open position if the actually measured exhaust smoke concentration is less than a reference value. Here, the second reference value corresponds to an exhaust smoke concentration that is slightly lower than the exhaust smoke concentration after the exhaust gas having the exhaust smoke concentration corresponding to the first reference value passes through the filter member 4. It is set.
ここで第５図を用いて、変化する実測の排気煙濃度に対
して上記の制ｇ４＋システムがどのように作動するかを
説明する。この第５図において曲１１ａは排気煙濃度セ
ンサー１０が測定する実際の排気煙濃度を示し、破曜衣
示の部分はそのとき切替弁９がバイパス全開位置にある
ことを示し、実線表示の部分はそのとき切替弁９がバイ
パス全閉位置にあることを示している。切替弁９がバイ
パス全開位置にあるとき、すなわち排気ガスか全量バイ
パス通路８に流されてフィルタ一部材４による浄化を受
けないとき、前述したように排気煙濃度は第１の基準値
との比較を受けている。したがってこの排気煙濃度が第
１の基準値を超えると（図中す点）、切替弁９はバイパ
ス全閉位置に駆動される。したがって排気ガスは全量が
フィルタ一部材４を通されることになり、排気煙濃度セ
ンサー１０を通過して大気中に放出される排気ガスの排
気煙ｉ＃度は急激に低下する（図中Ｃ点）。フィルタ一
部材４に送られるようになっても、排気ガスの排気煙濃
度高濃度化傾向が続けば、排気煙濃度は勿論上記Ｃ点よ
りも徐々に高くなるが、当然ながらフィルタ一部材４は
排気煙濃度を上記第１の基準値よりも低い範囲に抑える
ものが選択使用されるので、バイパス通路全閉状態下で
はυト気煙磯度が上記第１の基準値を超えることはない
。図中０点以後は、実測の排気煙濃度は第２の基準値と
比較されるようになっているから、排気煙縦度が世磯度
化傾同に移ってついにはこの第２の基準値以下になって
しまうと（図中ｄ点）、切替弁９はバイパス全開位置に
駆動され、排気煙濃度は急激に上昇する（図中ｅ点）。Here, using FIG. 5, it will be explained how the above-mentioned control g4+ system operates with respect to the actually measured exhaust smoke concentration that changes. In FIG. 5, the song 11a shows the actual exhaust smoke concentration measured by the exhaust smoke concentration sensor 10, the broken line part shows that the switching valve 9 is in the bypass full open position, and the solid line part shows that the switching valve 9 is in the bypass full open position. indicates that the switching valve 9 is in the bypass fully closed position at that time. When the switching valve 9 is in the bypass fully open position, that is, when all of the exhaust gas is passed through the bypass passage 8 and is not purified by the filter member 4, the exhaust smoke concentration is compared with the first reference value as described above. Is receiving. Therefore, when the exhaust smoke concentration exceeds the first reference value (point dot in the figure), the switching valve 9 is driven to the bypass fully closed position. Therefore, the entire amount of exhaust gas passes through the filter member 4, and the exhaust smoke i# degree of the exhaust gas that passes through the exhaust smoke concentration sensor 10 and is released into the atmosphere rapidly decreases (C in the figure). point). Even if the exhaust gas is sent to the filter member 4, if the trend toward higher exhaust smoke concentration in the exhaust gas continues, the exhaust smoke concentration will of course gradually become higher than the above point C, but of course the filter member 4 will Since the one that suppresses the exhaust smoke concentration to a range lower than the first reference value is selected and used, the smoke intensity does not exceed the first reference value when the bypass passage is fully closed. After the 0 point in the figure, the actually measured exhaust smoke concentration is compared with the second standard value, so the exhaust smoke verticality shifts to the standard value and finally reaches this second standard. When the value falls below this value (point d in the figure), the switching valve 9 is driven to the bypass fully open position, and the exhaust smoke concentration rapidly increases (point e in the figure).
しかしここで、前述の通り第２の基準値は図中Ｃ点の排
気煙濃度よりもさらに若干低い排気煙濃度に対応するも
のに設定されている（すなわち第５図における制御部ｍ
が設定されている）ので、このｅ点における排気煙濃度
が第１の基準値を超えることはない。このバイパス通路
全開状態下で、排気煙＃贋がｐ＋ＩｉＬ第１０基４！値
を上回るようなことがあれば（図中１点）、最初に述べ
た通りにして切替弁９はバイパス全閉位置に駆動され、
排気煙濃度が下げられる（図中ｇ点）。However, as mentioned above, the second reference value is set to correspond to an exhaust smoke concentration that is slightly lower than the exhaust smoke concentration at point C in the figure (i.e., the control unit m in FIG.
is set), the exhaust smoke concentration at this point e will not exceed the first reference value. Under this bypass passage fully open state, exhaust smoke #fake is p+IiL 10th group 4! If the value exceeds the value (1 point in the figure), the switching valve 9 is driven to the bypass fully closed position as described above,
The exhaust smoke concentration is lowered (point g in the figure).
上述の制御部ｍは、余りに小さく設定すると切替９Ｐ９
のハンチングを招き、反対に余りに大きく設定すると排
気ガス浄化不要領域でのフィルタ一部材４の使用を助長
し、バイパス通ｗ１８設置の効果を損うので、適当量に
設定することが必要である。If the above-mentioned control section m is set too small, switching 9P9 will occur.
On the other hand, if it is set too large, it will encourage the use of the filter member 4 in areas where exhaust gas purification is not required, impairing the effect of installing the bypass passage w18, so it is necessary to set it to an appropriate amount.
以上説明したように本実施例の装置においては、ＩＩ’
気ガスの排気煙濃度は、決して上回ってはならない第１
の基準値を超えることはないが、フィルタ一部材４は必
要時のみに限って使用されるようになっているので、フ
ィルタ一部材４０目詰まり進行がＭオｒ１され得る。As explained above, in the apparatus of this embodiment, II'
The exhaust smoke concentration of gas must never exceed the first level.
However, since the filter member 4 is used only when necessary, the progress of clogging of the filter member 40 may be reduced.
フィルタ一部材４０目詰まりが所定レベルまで進行する
と、前述のようにして目詰まり検出回路１１から目詰ま
り検出信号Ｓ２が出力される。この目詰まり検出信号Ｓ
２は第４図に示されるように、制御回路１２のバーナ制
御部１２ｂに入力される。バーナ制御部１２ｂは目詰ま
り検出信号Ｓ２を受けると、バーナ作動信号Ｓ４を出力
するが、このバーナ作動信号Ｓ４は前述した弁制御信号
Ｓ５とともに図示のようなＡＮＤゲート１２Ｃに入力さ
れ、弁制御信号Ｓ５が切替弁９をバイパス全開位置に設
定するものであるときのみこのＡ Ｎ ］）ゲート１２
ｃを通過して制Ｈ回路１２から出力されるようになって
いる。すなわちフィルタ一部材４の目詰まりが所定レベ
ルまで進行しても、排気ガスがフィルタ一部材４が設置
された排気通路３を流れている間はバーナ作動信号Ｓ４
は出力されないのである。そして排気ガスの排気煙濃度
が低下して、排気ガス全量をバイパス通路８１１１１に
流すように切替弁９が切り替えられると、バーナ作動信
号Ｓ４が制御回路から出力される。このバーナ作動信号
Ｓ４によって、バーナ７の燃料ノズル７ｂに燃料タンク
１３からバーナ燃料を送る燃料ポンプ１４、およびエア
ノズル７ａにバーナ燃焼用空気を送るプロワ１５が作動
される一方、盾火プラグ作動用スイッチ７Ｃが通電され
てバーナ７が燃焼作動する。このバーナ７が作動するこ
とにより、フィルタ一部材４に捕集されていた微粒子成
分が燃やされてフィルタ一部材４０目詰まりが解消され
る。When the clogging of the filter member 40 progresses to a predetermined level, the clogging detection circuit 11 outputs the clogging detection signal S2 as described above. This clogging detection signal S
2 is input to the burner control section 12b of the control circuit 12, as shown in FIG. When the burner control section 12b receives the clogging detection signal S2, it outputs the burner operation signal S4, but this burner operation signal S4 is inputted to the AND gate 12C as shown in the figure together with the aforementioned valve control signal S5, and the valve control signal S4 is input to the AND gate 12C as shown in the figure. This A N]) gate 12 only when S5 is to set the switching valve 9 to the bypass fully open position.
c and is output from the H control circuit 12. That is, even if the filter member 4 becomes clogged to a predetermined level, the burner operation signal S4 remains unchanged while the exhaust gas is flowing through the exhaust passage 3 in which the filter member 4 is installed.
is not output. Then, when the exhaust smoke concentration of the exhaust gas decreases and the switching valve 9 is switched so that the entire amount of exhaust gas flows into the bypass passage 81111, a burner operation signal S4 is output from the control circuit. This burner operation signal S4 operates the fuel pump 14 that sends burner fuel from the fuel tank 13 to the fuel nozzle 7b of the burner 7, and the blower 15 that sends burner combustion air to the air nozzle 7a. 7C is energized and the burner 7 is operated for combustion. By operating this burner 7, particulate components collected in the filter member 4 are burned, and the filter member 40 is unclogged.
上述のように本実施例の装置においては、バーナ７は排
気ガスが全量バイパス通路８を流れているときのみ作動
するようになっているから、排気ガスの流れによってバ
ーナ７が消炎することはない。As mentioned above, in the device of this embodiment, the burner 7 is configured to operate only when the exhaust gas is flowing through the bypass passage 8 in its entirety, so the burner 7 is not extinguished by the flow of exhaust gas. .
上記の実施例においては、切替弁９は排気ガス全量をバ
イパス通路８とフィルタ一部材４のいずれかに択一的に
流すように形成されているが、切替弁はこのように排気
ガスを全量切り替えるものに限らず、バイパス通路に送
られる排気ガスの量とフィルタ一部材に流される排気ガ
スの量の比を変更し得るものであればよく、例えば排気
煙低濃度時にはバイパス通路に８０９６、フィルタ一部
材に２０％の排気ガスを送り、排気煙高濃度時にはバイ
パス通路に２０チ、フィルタ一部材に８０％の排気ガス
を送るように流路状態を切り替えるようなものが使用さ
れてもよい。しかしこのようにバイパス通路に、より多
量の排気ガスを流すように切替弁を操作した時にも少量
の排気ガスかフィルタ一部材に送られる場合には、その
少量の排気ガスがエンジンのあらゆる運転状態を泄して
、決してバーナ装置を消炎させるほどの量にのぼらない
ように切替流量比を設定することが必要である。In the above embodiment, the switching valve 9 is formed to selectively allow the entire amount of exhaust gas to flow into either the bypass passage 8 or the filter member 4; It is not limited to a switching device, but any device that can change the ratio of the amount of exhaust gas sent to the bypass passage and the amount of exhaust gas flowing to the filter member may be used.For example, when the concentration of exhaust smoke is low, the 8096 and the filter It is also possible to use a system in which flow path conditions are switched such that 20% of the exhaust gas is sent to one member, and when the exhaust smoke concentration is high, 20% of the exhaust gas is sent to the bypass passage and 80% of the exhaust gas is sent to the filter member. However, even when the switching valve is operated to allow a larger amount of exhaust gas to flow through the bypass passage, if a small amount of exhaust gas is sent to the filter component, that small amount of exhaust gas may be used under any operating condition of the engine. It is necessary to set the switching flow rate ratio so that the amount of gas discharged never exceeds the level that causes the burner device to extinguish the flame.
また切管弁制御のために排気煙濃度を検出するリド気煙
譲度センサーは、切替弁の上流側に設けられてもよく、
そのような場合には単純に１つの排気煙濃度所定値を設
定し、排気煙ＩＪｋ度がこの所定値を超えたならば切替
弁をバイパス通路＃Ｌ量を少なくする位置に設定し、わ
ト気煙磯度か所定値以下のときは切替弁を・（イバス通
路流量を多くする位置に設定するようにすればよい。さ
らに前述したような２つの位置をとる切替弁に代えて、
バイパス通路に流される排気ガスの量を連続的に変更し
得る調節弁を設け、この調節弁を、バイパス通路よりも
下流側の排気通路において検出した排気煙濃度によって
フィードバック制御し、大気中に放出される排気ガスの
排気煙濃度を所望の値に維付させることも可能である。Further, a lid air smoke yield sensor that detects exhaust smoke concentration for controlling the switching valve may be provided on the upstream side of the switching valve.
In such a case, simply set one predetermined value for the exhaust smoke concentration, and if the exhaust smoke IJk degree exceeds this predetermined value, set the switching valve to a position that reduces the amount of bypass passage #L, and then When the air temperature is below a predetermined value, the switching valve can be set to a position that increases the Ibus passage flow rate.Furthermore, instead of the switching valve that takes two positions as described above,
A control valve that can continuously change the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the bypass passage is provided, and this control valve is feedback-controlled by the exhaust smoke concentration detected in the exhaust passage downstream of the bypass passage, and released into the atmosphere. It is also possible to maintain the exhaust smoke concentration of the exhaust gas at a desired value.
この場合にも勿論、調節弁はフィルタ一部拐設置の排気
通路に送る排気ガスの量を、決してバーナ装置を消炎さ
せない程度の少流量（勿論流量ゼロでもよい）まで絞り
込み得るように形成されなければならない。そしてバー
ナ装置がそのような少流量時に限って作動するようにバ
ーナ作動制限手段を構成すればよい。In this case as well, of course, the control valve must be configured in such a way that it can restrict the amount of exhaust gas sent to the exhaust passage where the filter is installed to a small flow rate (of course, the flow rate may be zero) that will never cause the burner device to extinguish the flame. Must be. The burner operation limiting means may be configured so that the burner device operates only at such a low flow rate.
以上詳測に説明した通り本発明のディーゼルエンジンの
排気ガス浄化装置は、大気中に放出する排気ガスの排気
煙濃度を常に所定値以下に抑えながらフィルタ一部材の
目詰まり進行を酸第１］するものであり、それによって
ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼性能が高く維持され、またフ
ィルタ一部材の目詰まり解消用バーナ装置が頻繁に作動
することがなくなるからフィルタ一部材の寿命も長くな
り、バーナ用燃料の消費も少なくなる。そして目詰まり
解消用バーナ装置が排気ガスの流れによって消炎するこ
とがないから、消炎による有害な未燃ガスの発生も起こ
らない。As explained above in detail, the diesel engine exhaust gas purification device of the present invention suppresses the progress of clogging of the filter member while always keeping the exhaust smoke concentration of the exhaust gas released into the atmosphere below a predetermined value. As a result, the combustion performance of the diesel engine is maintained at a high level, and since the burner device for removing clogging of the filter member does not operate frequently, the life of the filter member is extended, and the burner fuel is reduced. Consumption will also be reduced. Since the burner device for eliminating clogging is not extinguished by the flow of exhaust gas, no harmful unburned gas is generated due to extinguishing the flame.
第１図は本発明の１実施例を示す系統図、第２図は第１
図の実施例の一部を示す概略図、
第３図は第１図の実施例の電気回路の一部を詳しく示す
回路図、
第４図は第１図の実施例の制御回路を説明する説明図、
第５図は第１図の実施例における排気煙濃度制御の様子
を説明する説明図である。
■・・・・・・ディーゼルエンジン ３・・・・・・
排 気 通 路７・・φ・・・バ − す ８・
・＾・・す＜’ｆバ、４路９・・・・・・切 賓 弁
１０・・・・・・排気煙濃度センサー１２・・・・・
・制御回路 １２ｃ・・・・・・ＡＮＤゲートＳｌ・・
・・・・排気煙濃度信号 Ｓ４・・・・・・バーナ作動
信号Ｓ５・・・・・・弁制御信号
第３図
＼１１
第４図
４９−
第５図
時間□Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a circuit diagram showing in detail a part of the electric circuit of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a control circuit of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. Explanatory Diagram FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the state of exhaust smoke concentration control in the embodiment of FIG. 1. ■・・・Diesel engine 3・・・・・・
Exhaust passage 7...φ...Bar 8.
・＾・su<'fba、4ro9・・・・・・Kirihin Ben
10... Exhaust smoke concentration sensor 12...
・Control circuit 12c...AND gate Sl...
...Exhaust smoke concentration signal S4...Burner operation signal S5...Valve control signal Fig. 3\11 Fig. 4 49- Fig. 5 Time□
Claims (1)
一部材を排気通路に配設するとともに、該フィルタ一部
材の上流の排気通路にフィルタ一部材の目詰まりを解消
するバーナ装置を設けたディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス
浄化装置において、前記排気通路に、前記フィルタ一部
材とバーナ装置をバイパスするバイパスＡＭと、このバ
イパス通路に送られる排気ガス量と前記フィルタ一部材
に流される排気ガス量の比を変更し得る弁とを設ける／
′□とともに、前記微粒子の濃度を検出する排気煙濃度
検出器と、この排気煙濃度検出器の出力を受けて併気煙
績度の高、低に応じて前記バイパス通路に流される排気
の童を減量、増量する方向に前記弁を制御する弁制御手
段と、前記フィルタ一部材に所定量を超える排気ガスが
流されているときには前記バーナ装置の作動を１苧止さ
せるバーナ作動制限手段とを設けたことを時慎とするデ
ィーゼルエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置。A diesel engine in which a filter member for collecting fine particles such as carbon particles in exhaust gas is disposed in an exhaust passage, and a burner device is provided in the exhaust passage upstream of the filter member to unclog the filter member. In the exhaust gas purification device, a bypass AM that bypasses the filter member and the burner device is provided in the exhaust passage, and a ratio of the amount of exhaust gas sent to the bypass passage and the amount of exhaust gas flowed to the filter member is changed. Provide a valve that can
In addition to '□, there is also an exhaust smoke concentration detector that detects the concentration of the particulates, and an exhaust pipe that receives the output of the exhaust smoke concentration detector and flows into the bypass passage depending on whether the combined air smoke degree is high or low. a valve control means for controlling the valve in a direction to reduce or increase the amount of the burner; and a burner operation limiting means for stopping the operation of the burner device at least once when exhaust gas exceeding a predetermined amount is flowing through the filter member. This is an exhaust gas purification device for diesel engines that is designed to be used as a precaution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56206500A JPS58107810A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1981-12-21 | Exhaust-gas purifier for diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56206500A JPS58107810A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1981-12-21 | Exhaust-gas purifier for diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58107810A true JPS58107810A (en) | 1983-06-27 |
Family
ID=16524393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56206500A Pending JPS58107810A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1981-12-21 | Exhaust-gas purifier for diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58107810A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2559873A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2013-02-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
-
1981
- 1981-12-21 JP JP56206500A patent/JPS58107810A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2559873A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2013-02-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| EP2559873A4 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2013-07-10 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
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