JPH118511A - Circularly polarized wave antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized wave antennaInfo
- Publication number
- JPH118511A JPH118511A JP19629297A JP19629297A JPH118511A JP H118511 A JPH118511 A JP H118511A JP 19629297 A JP19629297 A JP 19629297A JP 19629297 A JP19629297 A JP 19629297A JP H118511 A JPH118511 A JP H118511A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- diameter
- output
- circularly polarized
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、送信電波を受信する
際、その偏波面による影響を受け難い、円偏波アンテナ
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a circularly polarized antenna which is hardly affected by its polarization plane when receiving a transmission radio wave.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から短波、超短波帯で用いられ円偏
波アンテナとして、交差ダイポールアンテナが良く知ら
れている。この交差アンテナは周知のようにアンテナの
交差面に垂直方向に指向性を持ち、垂直方向からずれる
と次第に楕円偏波の性質が強くなる。このような指向特
性があるため、不特定の方向から入射する電波を同一特
性で受信することはできない。このため、通常は送受信
の位置関係を特定した状態で使用される。2. Description of the Related Art A crossed dipole antenna has been well known as a circularly polarized antenna used in the short wave and ultra high frequency bands. As is well known, this crossed antenna has directivity in a direction perpendicular to the crossing plane of the antenna, and when deviating from the vertical direction, the property of elliptical polarization gradually increases. Because of such directional characteristics, radio waves incident from an unspecified direction cannot be received with the same characteristics. For this reason, it is usually used in a state where the positional relationship between transmission and reception is specified.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】短波、超短波での通信
には、特殊な場合を除き直線偏波が使用されるが、特に
移動通信の場合、伝播経路の状況やアンテナの動揺で偏
波面が変化して、受信点まで必ずしも一定の偏波面が保
持されているとは限らない。受信アンテナには通常、水
平面無指向性の直線偏波アンテナが使用されるので、受
信電波の偏波の動揺によって、受信状態が大きく変化し
て受信品質が低下するという問題がある。このような場
合、偏波面に無関係に受信することのできる円偏波アン
テナである交差ダイポールアンテナを使用することが考
えられるが、上記のように指向性が鋭く、水平面の全方
向を受信の対象とすることはできない。本発明はこのよ
うな問題を解決するためになされたもので、水平面無指
向性の円偏波アンテナを提供することを目的とする。In shortwave and ultrashortwave communications, linear polarization is used except in special cases. In particular, in mobile communications, the plane of polarization is affected by propagation path conditions and antenna fluctuations. As a result, a constant polarization plane is not always held up to the receiving point. Normally, a horizontal omni-directional linearly polarized antenna is used as a receiving antenna, so that there is a problem that the receiving state is greatly changed due to fluctuations of the polarization of the received radio wave and the receiving quality is deteriorated. In such a case, it is conceivable to use a crossed dipole antenna, which is a circularly polarized antenna capable of receiving data regardless of the plane of polarization. Can not be. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized antenna having no horizontal omnidirectionality.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明における円偏波ア
ンテナは、垂直ダイポールアンテナと、水平ループアン
テナを各々の出力端で並列に合成する。このとき、各ア
ンテナの実効高が等しくなるように、また、ループアン
テナの出力インダクタンスとダイポールアンテナの出力
キャパシタンスが共振するように調整する。The circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention combines a vertical dipole antenna and a horizontal loop antenna in parallel at respective output terminals. At this time, adjustment is performed so that the effective heights of the antennas are equal, and the output inductance of the loop antenna and the output capacitance of the dipole antenna resonate.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】波長に比して小さい垂直ダイポールアンテナは
垂直偏波に対し、水平ループアンテナは水平偏波に対
し、共に水平面内無指向性であり、垂直面内は８字型指
向性を持っている。また、受信した信号の搬送波位相は
互いに９０度の位相を持っている。したがって、これら
両アンテナの実効高を揃えてそのまま合成すれば水平面
内無指向性の円偏波アンテナを得ることができる。The vertical dipole antenna, which is smaller than the wavelength, is omnidirectional in the horizontal plane, and the horizontal loop antenna is omnidirectional in the horizontal plane for vertical polarization, and has a figure-8 directivity in the vertical plane. I have. Further, the carrier phases of the received signals have a phase of 90 degrees with each other. Therefore, if the effective heights of these two antennas are aligned and combined as they are, an omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna in a horizontal plane can be obtained.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】以下、本発明による円偏波アンテナの一実施
例について、図面を参照して説明する。図１は本発明の
一実施例の構造を示す図である。図において、１は垂直
ダイポールアンテナであって、アンテナの全長は使用周
波数の１／２波長より短くし、その出力インピーダンス
を容量性にしてある。２は水平ループアンテナで、その
円周長は使用周波数の１／３波長より短くし、水平面無
指向性を保つようにしてある。３はブームであって、内
部に図２、または図３に示す回路を組み込んであり、同
軸接栓４から出力を取り出すようにしてある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a vertical dipole antenna, the total length of which is shorter than a half wavelength of a used frequency, and its output impedance is made capacitive. Reference numeral 2 denotes a horizontal loop antenna whose circumferential length is shorter than one-third wavelength of the used frequency so as to maintain a horizontal omnidirectionality. Reference numeral 3 denotes a boom, in which the circuit shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 is incorporated, and an output is taken out from the coaxial plug 4.
【０００７】１／２波長より短い全長Ｌのダイポールア
ンテナの実効高はＬ／２であり、直径Ｌで、円周長が１
／３波長のループアンテナの実効高も、その周波数でほ
ぼ、Ｌ／２となる。また、ダイポールアンテナの出力キ
ャパシタンスは、アンテナ素子の直径とアンテナ長の比
の関数であり、ループアンテナの出力インダクタンス
は、導体の直径とアンテナの直径の比の関数であるか
ら、アンテナ長と直径を一定にした場合、それぞれの素
子導体の径を適当に採れば上記周波数で共振させること
ができる。The effective height of a dipole antenna having a total length L shorter than 波長 wavelength is L / 2, the diameter L is 1 and the circumferential length is 1
The effective height of the ア ン テ ナ wavelength loop antenna is also approximately L / 2 at that frequency. The output capacitance of the dipole antenna is a function of the ratio of the antenna element diameter to the antenna length, and the output inductance of the loop antenna is a function of the ratio of the conductor diameter to the antenna diameter. In the case where the element conductors are fixed, resonance can be performed at the above-mentioned frequency if the diameter of each element conductor is appropriately selected.
【０００８】本実施例ではダイポールアンテナ長、及び
ループアンテナ径を２０ｃｍ、各導体径を１．６ｃｍと
し、１５０ＭＨｚで並列共振させている。図２はブーム
に内蔵された整合回路を示した図であって、５は回路の
Ｑを決める抵抗であり、変成器６で伝送線７の特性イン
ピーダンスとの整合される。In this embodiment, the length of the dipole antenna, the diameter of the loop antenna is 20 cm, the diameter of each conductor is 1.6 cm, and parallel resonance occurs at 150 MHz. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a matching circuit built in the boom. Reference numeral 5 denotes a resistor for determining the Q of the circuit, which is matched by a transformer 6 with the characteristic impedance of the transmission line 7.
【０００９】図３はダイポールアンテナ長をループアン
テナ径よりも大きくした場合の回路構成を示す図であっ
て、８はコンデンサ減衰器で、ダイポールアンテナ１の
実効高の増加分を、ループアンテナ２の実効高と合わせ
ると同時に、出力キャパシタンスをループアンテナ２の
インダクタンスと共振するようにしてある。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration when the length of the dipole antenna is made larger than the diameter of the loop antenna. Reference numeral 8 denotes a capacitor attenuator. At the same time as the effective height, the output capacitance resonates with the inductance of the loop antenna 2.
【００１０】以上、円偏波アンテナとして説明したが、
使用目的によっては厳密に円偏波アンテナでなくてもよ
い場合もある。このような場合には実効高、共振等の設
計条件を緩くしても楕円偏波となるだけで大方の目的を
達することができる。In the above, the circularly polarized antenna has been described.
Depending on the purpose of use, the antenna may not be strictly a circularly polarized antenna. In such a case, even if the design conditions such as the effective height and resonance are relaxed, most of the objects can be achieved only by the elliptical polarization.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば水
平面内無指向性の円偏波アンテナを構成できるので、不
特定の方向から到来する電波を、偏波に関係なく等感度
で受信することができる。また、本発明のアンテナを用
いて方位測定用アンテナアレィを構成すると、偏波面に
無関係に電波の到来方向を測定することが可能になる。As described above, according to the present invention, an omni-directional circularly polarized antenna in a horizontal plane can be constructed, so that radio waves arriving from an unspecified direction can be received with equal sensitivity regardless of the polarization. can do. Further, when the antenna array for azimuth measurement is configured using the antenna of the present invention, it is possible to measure the arrival direction of the radio wave regardless of the plane of polarization.
【図１】本発明による円偏波アンテナの一実施例の構造
を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of a circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明による円偏波アンテナの整合回路の一例
の構成を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a matching circuit of the circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明による円偏波アンテナの整合回路の他の
例の構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of another example of a matching circuit for a circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention.
【符号の説明】 １；垂直ダイポールアンテナ ２；水平ループアンテナ ３；ブーム ４；同軸接栓 ５；抵抗器 ６；変成器 ７；伝送線 ８；コンデンサ減衰器[Description of Signs] 1; vertical dipole antenna 2; horizontal loop antenna 3; boom 4; coaxial plug 5; resistor 6; transformer 7; transmission line 8;
Claims (1)
アンテナとで構成したことを特徴とする円偏波アンテナ1. A circularly polarized antenna comprising a vertical dipole antenna and a horizontal loop antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19629297A JPH118511A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Circularly polarized wave antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19629297A JPH118511A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Circularly polarized wave antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH118511A true JPH118511A (en) | 1999-01-12 |
Family
ID=16355385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19629297A Pending JPH118511A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Circularly polarized wave antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH118511A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4863737A (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1989-09-05 | University Of Utah | Compositions and methods of manufacture of compressed powder medicaments |
| JP2001068928A (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-16 | Yrp Kokino Idotai Tsushin Kenkyusho:Kk | Polarized wave diversity antenna |
| JP2015089054A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Antenna, communication device, and electronic apparatus |
| CN104969413A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-10-07 | 株式会社藤仓 | Integrated antenna, and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1997
- 1997-06-18 JP JP19629297A patent/JPH118511A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4863737A (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1989-09-05 | University Of Utah | Compositions and methods of manufacture of compressed powder medicaments |
| JP2001068928A (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-16 | Yrp Kokino Idotai Tsushin Kenkyusho:Kk | Polarized wave diversity antenna |
| CN104969413A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-10-07 | 株式会社藤仓 | Integrated antenna, and manufacturing method thereof |
| US9935372B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2018-04-03 | Fujikura Ltd. | Integrated antenna, and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2015089054A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Antenna, communication device, and electronic apparatus |
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