JPH1183718A - Method for measuring density of inorganic hydraulic substance and method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded matter - Google Patents
Method for measuring density of inorganic hydraulic substance and method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded matterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1183718A JPH1183718A JP26092497A JP26092497A JPH1183718A JP H1183718 A JPH1183718 A JP H1183718A JP 26092497 A JP26092497 A JP 26092497A JP 26092497 A JP26092497 A JP 26092497A JP H1183718 A JPH1183718 A JP H1183718A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- sample
- density
- inorganic hydraulic
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、無機水硬性物質の
密度の測定方法及び無機水硬性混練物の単位水量の測定
方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance and a method for measuring the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】セメントなどの無機水硬性物質の密度を
測定する方法として、鉱油などによる方法がある。又、
コンクリートなどの無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を測定
する方法として、加熱乾燥方法、アルコールと比重計に
よる方法、又は、本出願人が先の出願で提案した無機水
硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法（特開平９−４３２３３
号公報）などがある。2. Description of the Related Art As a method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance such as cement, there is a method using mineral oil or the like. or,
As a method of measuring the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material such as concrete, a heating and drying method, a method using an alcohol and a hydrometer, or a method of measuring the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material proposed in the earlier application by the present applicant (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-43233
No.).
【０００３】[0003]
＜イ＞本発明は、無機水硬性混練物内の無機水硬性物質
の密度を正確に測定する方法にある。 ＜ロ＞本発明は、無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を正確に
測定する方法にある。<A> The present invention resides in a method for accurately measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance in an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material. <B> The present invention is a method for accurately measuring the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、無機水硬性物
質の試料を内部に有する試料容器を水槽内に配置し、試
料容器内の水と水槽内の水の温度を同一にして該試料の
水中における見掛けの質量を求め、該試料の質量と水中
における見掛けの質量から該試料の密度を求めることを
特徴とする、無機水硬性物質の密度測定方法、又は、無
機水硬性物質の試料を内部に有する試料容器を水槽内に
配置し、試料容器内の水温、水槽内の水温及び試料容器
内の該試料の水中における見掛けの質量を求め、試料容
器内の水温と水槽内の水温に対応する試料容器内の水の
密度と水槽内の水の密度および試料容器内の水量を考慮
して、該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量から該
試料の密度を求めることを特徴とする、無機水硬性物質
の密度測定方法、又は、前記無機水硬性物質の密度測定
方法において、該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質
量の差から該試料の体積を求め、該試料の質量を体積で
除して密度を求めることを特徴とする、無機水硬性物質
の密度測定方法、又は、無機水硬性混練物の試料を内部
に有する試料容器を水槽内に配置し、試料容器内の水と
水槽内の水の温度を同一にして該試料の水中における見
掛けの質量を求め、該試料の質量、水中における見掛け
の質量、骨材の密度、無機水硬性物質の水に接している
状態の密度、及び、無機水硬性混練物の調合の無機水硬
性物質量と骨材量の比率から無機水硬性混練物の単位水
量を求めることを特徴とする、無機水硬性混練物の単位
水量測定方法、又は、無機水硬性混練物の試料を内部に
有する試料容器を水槽内に配置し、試料容器内の水温、
水槽内の水温及び試料容器内の該試料の水中における見
掛けの質量を求め、試料容器内の水温と水槽内の水温に
対応する試料容器内の水の密度と水槽内の水の密度およ
び試料容器内の水量を考慮して、該試料の質量、水中に
おける見掛けの質量、骨材の密度、無機水硬性物質の水
に接している状態の密度、及び、無機水硬性混練物の調
合の無機水硬性物質量と骨材量の比率から無機水硬性混
練物の単位水量を求めることを特徴とする、無機水硬性
混練物の単位水量測定方法、又は、前記無機水硬性混練
物の単位水量測定方法において、該試料の質量と水中に
おける見掛けの質量の差から該試料の体積を求め、骨材
の密度、無機水硬性物質の水に接している状態の密度、
及び、無機水硬性混練物の調合の無機水硬性物質量と骨
材量の比率とから無機水硬性物質と骨材の合計体積を求
め、該試料の体積と、無機水硬性物質と骨材の合計体積
との差を求めて、該試料の水量とすることにより、無機
水硬性混練物の単位水量を求めることを特徴とする、無
機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法、又は、前記無機水
硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法において、無機水硬性混
練物は、コンクリート又はモルタルであることを特徴と
する、無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法、又は、前
記無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法において、試料
は、コンクリートの試料であり、該試料の質量と水中に
おける見掛けの質量を測定後、該試料から粗骨材を取り
出し、骨材を粗骨材と細骨材に分けて扱うことを特徴と
する、無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法にある。According to the present invention, a sample container having a sample of an inorganic hydraulic substance therein is disposed in a water tank, and the temperature of the water in the sample container and the water in the water tank are made the same. Determine the apparent mass in water of the, characterized by determining the density of the sample from the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water, the density measurement method of the inorganic hydraulic substance, or a sample of the inorganic hydraulic substance The sample container inside is placed in the water tank, and the water temperature in the sample container, the water temperature in the water tank, and the apparent mass of the sample in the water in the sample container in water are determined to correspond to the water temperature in the sample container and the water temperature in the water tank. The density of the sample is determined from the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in the water, taking into account the density of water in the sample container, the density of water in the water tank, and the amount of water in the sample container. Density measurement method of hydraulic substance, Is a method for measuring the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance, wherein a volume of the sample is obtained from a difference between the mass of the sample and an apparent mass in water, and the density is obtained by dividing the mass of the sample by the volume. A method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance, or disposing a sample container having a sample of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material inside a water tank, and setting the temperature of the water in the sample container and the water in the water tank to be the same. Determine the apparent mass of the sample in water, the mass of the sample, the apparent mass in water, the density of the aggregate, the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance in contact with water, and the formulation of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded product. A method of measuring the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, which comprises determining the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material from the ratio of the amount of the inorganic hydraulic material to the amount of the aggregate, or a sample of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material inside. Place the sample container with the in the water tank, The water temperature of the material in the container,
The water temperature in the water tank and the apparent mass of the sample in the water in the sample container in water are determined, and the density of water in the sample container, the density of water in the water tank, and the density of the water in the water tank correspond to the water temperature in the sample container and the water temperature in the water tank. In consideration of the amount of water in the sample, the mass of the sample, the apparent mass in water, the density of the aggregate, the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance in contact with water, and the inorganic water in the preparation of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material By determining the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material from the ratio of the amount of the hard material and the amount of aggregate, the unit water amount measuring method of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, or the unit water amount measuring method of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material In, determine the volume of the sample from the difference between the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water, the density of the aggregate, the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance in contact with water,
And, the total volume of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the aggregate is determined from the ratio of the amount of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the amount of the aggregate in the preparation of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, and the volume of the sample, and the amount of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the aggregate By determining the difference from the total volume, the amount of water of the sample, by determining the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, the method of measuring the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, or the inorganic water In the method for measuring the unit water amount of the hard kneaded material, the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material is characterized by being concrete or mortar, the unit water amount measuring method of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, or the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material In the measurement method, the sample is a concrete sample, and after measuring the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water, take out the coarse aggregate from the sample, and handle the aggregate by dividing it into coarse aggregate and fine aggregate. Characterized by inorganic hydraulic properties In the unit water content measurement method of kneaded.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を用いて本発明の実施
の形態を説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【０００６】＜イ＞無機水硬性物質の密度の測定及び無
機水硬性混練物の単位水量の測定原理 セメントなどの無機水硬性物質の水に接している状態の
密度は、大気中で質量及び水中における見掛けの質量を
求めて、大気中で求めた質量と水中における見掛けの質
量の差から体積を求め、質量を体積で除して求める。<A> Measurement of density of inorganic hydraulic substance and measurement principle of unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded material Density of inorganic hydraulic substance such as cement in contact with water is determined by mass and water in air. , The volume is determined from the difference between the mass determined in the atmosphere and the apparent mass in water, and the mass is divided by the volume.
【０００７】フレッシュコンクリートやモルタルなど
の、まだ固まらない無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を求め
る方法は、その一部を取り出して試料とし、この試料に
ついて質量、即ち大気中で測定した質量、及び水中にお
ける見掛けの質量、即ち水中で測定した見掛けの質量を
求め、更に、これらの質量と無機水硬性混練物の構成材
料の密度から単位水量を測定するものである。[0007] A method of determining the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material such as fresh concrete or mortar, which has not yet solidified, is to take out a part of the kneaded material and use it as a sample. , Ie, the apparent mass measured in water, and the unit water content is measured from these masses and the density of the constituent material of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material.
【０００８】水中における測定は、例えば図１のような
固体密度測定装置を使用する。この固体密度測定装置１
は、架台４に電子天秤２を配置し、電子天秤２で測定物
の質量を測定する。測定物として、例えば無機水硬性物
質又は無機水硬性混練物の試料８の水中における見掛け
の質量を測定する場合、試料８を試料容器７に入れ、容
器７自体を水１０で充満するように水槽５に水９を入
れ、かご６を介して吊り棒３で吊り下げて行うことがで
きる。For the measurement in water, for example, a solid density measuring device as shown in FIG. 1 is used. This solid density measuring device 1
The electronic balance 2 is arranged on the gantry 4 and the mass of the measured object is measured by the electronic balance 2. When measuring the apparent mass in water of a sample 8 of an inorganic hydraulic substance or an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material as a measurement object, the sample 8 is placed in a sample container 7, and a water tank is filled so that the container 7 itself is filled with water 10. 5 can be carried out by putting water 9 into the basket 5 and suspending it with the hanging bar 3 through the basket 6.
【０００９】この水中における測定時に従来は、水槽内
の水９の温度を測定して、その温度における密度を採用
して単位水量を計算していた。しかし、図１の固体密度
測定装置の試料容器内の水１０と水槽内の水９の温度に
差が生じることを発見した。また、試料容器内の水１０
と水槽内の水９の温度差が大きい場合に単位水量の測定
値に大きな影響が出ることを発見した。Conventionally, at the time of the measurement in the water, the temperature of the water 9 in the water tank was measured, and the unit water amount was calculated by adopting the density at that temperature. However, it has been found that a difference occurs between the temperature of the water 10 in the sample container and the temperature of the water 9 in the water tank of the solid density measuring device of FIG. In addition, water 10 in the sample container
It has been found that when the temperature difference between the water 9 in the water tank and the water tank is large, the measured value of the unit water amount is greatly affected.
【００１０】そこで、本発明は、試料容器内の水１０と
水槽内の水９の温度の差がないように測定するか、又
は、温度差がある場合には、試料容器内の水１０と水槽
内の水９の温度を測定し、それぞれの水の密度を考慮し
た計算を行うことにより、単位水量測定の精度を高める
ことを可能にした。Therefore, the present invention measures the temperature so that there is no difference between the temperature of the water 10 in the sample container and the water 9 in the water tank. By measuring the temperature of the water 9 in the water tank and performing calculations in consideration of the respective water densities, it has become possible to increase the accuracy of the unit water volume measurement.
【００１１】なお、無機水硬性混練物としてコンクリー
トやモルタルなどがあり、コンクリートは、骨材として
細骨材と粗骨材を含み、モルタルは粗骨材を含まないと
して定義されており、以下では、主にコンクリートにつ
いて説明するが、モルタルなどの他の無機水硬性混練物
にも本発明が適用できる。Incidentally, there are concrete and mortar as an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material. Concrete is defined as including fine aggregate and coarse aggregate as aggregate, and mortar is defined as not including coarse aggregate. The following mainly describes concrete, but the present invention can be applied to other inorganic hydraulic kneaded materials such as mortar.
【００１２】＜ロ＞無機水硬性物質の密度測定 無機水硬性物質は、セメントや石膏などの物質であり、
以下セメントを例に取り説明する。セメントの水に接し
ている状態の密度は、セメントの試料を一定量採取した
後、空中で質量を測定し、これに約等量の水を加えて均
一に混合した後、真空ポンプなどでセメントペースト中
の気泡を脱気し、水中における見掛けの質量を測定して
求める。<B> Density measurement of inorganic hydraulic substance The inorganic hydraulic substance is a substance such as cement or gypsum,
The following description is made taking cement as an example. The density of the cement in contact with water can be determined by taking a certain amount of the cement sample, measuring the mass in the air, adding approximately equal amount of water to the cement, mixing them uniformly, and then using a vacuum pump etc. The bubbles in the paste are degassed, and the apparent mass in water is measured and determined.
【００１３】この際、試料容器内と水槽内の水の温度が
同じ場合は、測定温度が変化してもセメント密度の変化
は認められないが、試料容器内と水槽内の水の温度が違
う場合は、水槽内の温度から求めた水の密度を用いた場
合にセメントの密度が図２の表のように変化する。At this time, when the temperature of the water in the sample container and the water in the water tank are the same, no change in the cement density is observed even if the measurement temperature changes, but the temperature of the water in the sample container and the water in the water tank are different. In this case, when the density of water obtained from the temperature in the water tank is used, the density of the cement changes as shown in the table of FIG.
【００１４】そこで、試料容器内と水槽内の水温を同じ
にするために、種々の方法があるが、例えば、セメント
の水和発熱を打ち消すように、試料容器内の水温を水槽
内の水温より低くして、測定時に両者の水温が一致する
ように調整する。Therefore, there are various methods for making the water temperature in the sample container and the water temperature in the water tank the same. For example, the water temperature in the sample container is made lower than the water temperature in the water tank so as to cancel the heat of hydration of the cement. Adjust the temperature so that the water temperatures of the two are the same during measurement.
【００１５】しかし、同じ水温にできない場合は、試料
容器内と水槽内の水の温度を測定し、それぞれの水の密
度を考慮した計算方法を行って、正確な密度を求めるこ
とができる。この計算方法は、以下のようにして行う。However, when the same water temperature cannot be obtained, the temperature of the water in the sample container and the temperature of the water in the water tank are measured, and a calculation method in consideration of the respective water densities is performed, so that an accurate density can be obtained. This calculation method is performed as follows.
【００１６】セメント試料の水中における見掛けの質量
測定値ＣWと空中で測定した質量測定値ＣAには、次の式
１の関係を有している。ここで、ＣWはセメント試料の
水中における見掛けの質量（ｇ）、ＣAはセメント試料
の質量（ｇ）、ρW1は水槽内の水の密度（ｇ／ｃ
ｍ3）、ρCはセメントの水中における密度（ｇ／ｃ
ｍ3）を示している。The apparent mass measurement value C W of the cement sample in water and the mass measurement value C A of the cement sample measured in the air have the following equation (1). Here, C W is the apparent mass of the cement sample in water (g), C A is the mass of the cement sample (g), and ρ W1 is the density of water in the water tank (g / c).
m 3 ), ρ C is the density of the cement in water (g / c)
m 3 ).
【００１７】[0017]
【式１】 (Equation 1)
【００１８】この式１には、試料容器内の水は含まれて
いないので、試料容器内の水を考慮した式にすると次の
式２になる。ここで、Ｗ2は試料容器内の水量（ｇ）、
ρW2は試料容器内の水の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3）を示してい
る。Since the water in the sample container is not included in the equation (1), the following equation (2) is obtained when the equation in consideration of the water in the sample vessel is used. Here, W 2 is the amount of water (g) in the sample container,
ρ W2 indicates the density of water in the sample container (g / cm 3 ).
【００１９】[0019]
【式２】 (Equation 2)
【００２０】この式２を展開してセメントの水中におけ
る密度を以下の式３で算出する。Developing the equation (2), the density of the cement in water is calculated by the following equation (3).
【００２１】[0021]
【式３】 (Equation 3)
【００２２】＜ハ＞コンクリートの水中における見掛け
の質量測定 コンクリート試料の単位水量測定において、コンクリー
トの水中のにおける見掛けの質量を測定する場合も、セ
メントの密度測定と同様に、試料容器内と水槽内の水の
温度を同じくする必要がある。また、同じ温度にできな
い場合は、試料容器内と水槽内の水の温度を測定し、そ
れぞれの水の密度を考慮した計算方法を行う必要があ
る。<C> Measurement of apparent mass of concrete in water When measuring the apparent mass of concrete in water in the measurement of the unit water volume of a concrete sample, the same applies to the measurement of the concrete mass in water, as in the measurement of the density of cement. The water temperature must be the same. If the temperature cannot be the same, it is necessary to measure the temperature of the water in the sample container and the temperature of the water in the water tank and perform a calculation method in consideration of the density of each water.
【００２３】＜ニ＞コンクリートの単位水量測定（１） 質量、水中における見掛けの質量測定後のコンクリート
試料から、水洗した粗骨材を分離し、その水中における
見掛けの質量を測定して、次の式４からコンクリート試
料中の粗骨材量を求める。ここで、ＧSはコンクリート
試料中の粗骨材の質量測定値（ｇ）、ＧWはコンクリー
ト試料中の粗骨材の水中における見掛けの質量測定値
（ｇ）、ρW1は水槽内の水の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3）、ρGは
粗骨材の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3）を示している。<D> Measurement of unit water amount of concrete (1) Mass and apparent mass in water The coarse aggregate washed with water was separated from the concrete sample after measurement, and the apparent mass in water was measured. From Equation 4, the amount of coarse aggregate in the concrete sample is determined. Here, G S is the mass measurements of coarse aggregate of the concrete sample (g), G W is the apparent mass measurements in water at coarse aggregate concrete sample (g), ρ W1 water in the water tank density of (g / cm 3), ρ G represents the density of the coarse aggregate (g / cm 3).
【００２４】[0024]
【式４】 (Equation 4)
【００２５】コンクリート調合のモルタル部に対するセ
メント量と細骨材量の比率から以下の式５〜式６を用い
てンクリート試料中のセメント量と細骨材量を算出す
る。ここで、ＣSはコンクリート試料中のセメント量推
定値（ｇ）、ＳSはコンクリート試料中の細骨材量推定
値（ｇ）、ＣONSはコンクリート試料の質量測定値
（ｇ）、ＷCはコンクリート調合の単位水量（ｋｇ／ｃ
ｍ3）、ＣCはコンクリート調合の単位セメント量（ｋｇ
／ｃｍ3）、ＳCコンクリート調合の単位細骨材量（ｋｇ
／ｃｍ3）を示している。From the ratio of the amount of cement and the amount of fine aggregate to the mortar portion of the concrete mixture, the amount of cement and the amount of fine aggregate in the concrete sample are calculated using the following equations (5) to (6). Here, C S is the estimated value of the amount of cement in the concrete sample (g), S S is the estimated value of the amount of fine aggregate in the concrete sample (g), C ONS is the measured value of the mass of the concrete sample (g), W C Is the unit water volume of the concrete mix (kg / c
m 3 ), C C is the unit cement amount of concrete mix (kg
/ Cm 3), the unit fine aggregate amount of S C Concrete Formulation (kg
/ Cm 3 ).
【００２６】[0026]
【式５】 (Equation 5)
【００２７】[0027]
【式６】 (Equation 6)
【００２８】求めた試料中の各材料量と各材料の密度、
コンクリート試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量の
測定値から、試料中の水量を求める。ここで、コンクリ
ート試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量とは次の式
７の関係を有している。ここで、ＣONWはコンクリート
試料の水中における見掛けの質量測定値（ｇ）、ＣONS
はコンクリート試料の質量測定値（ｇ）、ＶGはコンク
リート試料中の粗骨材の体積（ｃｍ3）、ＶSはコンクリ
ート試料中の細骨材の体積（ｃｍ3）、ＶCはコンクリー
ト試料中のセメントの体積（ｃｍ3）、ＶWはコンクリー
ト試料中の水の体積（ｃｍ3）を示している。The obtained amounts of each material in the sample and the density of each material,
From the measured mass of the concrete sample and the apparent mass in water, the amount of water in the sample is determined. Here, the mass of the concrete sample and the apparent mass in water have the relationship of the following equation (7). Here, C ONW is the apparent mass measurement (g) of the concrete sample in water, C ONS
Mass measurements of the concrete sample (g), V G is the volume of coarse aggregate of the concrete sample (cm 3), V S is the volume of fine aggregate concrete sample (cm 3), V C is the concrete specimen The volume of cement in (cm 3 ), V W indicates the volume of water (cm 3 ) in the concrete sample.
【００２９】[0029]
【式７】 Equation 7
【００３０】コンクリート試料の質量と水中における見
掛けの質量には試料容器内の水量は含まれないので、試
料容器内の水を考慮すると次の式８のようになる。ここ
で、Ｗ2は試料容器内の水量（ｇ）、ＶW2は試料容器内
の水の体積（ｃｍ3）を示している。Since the amount of water in the sample container is not included in the mass of the concrete sample and the apparent mass in water, the following expression 8 is obtained in consideration of the water in the sample container. Here, W 2 indicates the amount of water (g) in the sample container, and V W2 indicates the volume (cm 3 ) of water in the sample container.
【００３１】[0031]
【式８】 (Equation 8)
【００３２】各材料の密度を用いると次の式９ようにな
る。ここで、Ｗ2は試料容器内の水量（ｇ）、ＧSはコン
クリート試料中の粗骨材の質量推定値（ｇ）、ＳSはコ
ンクリート試料中の細骨材推定値（ｇ）、ＣSはコンク
リート試料中のセメント量推定値（ｇ）、ＷSはコンク
リート試料中の水量（ｇ）、ρSは細骨材の密度（ｇ／
ｃｍ3）、ρCは前記セメント密度測定の項で求めたセメ
ントの水中における密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3）、ρW2は試料容
器内の水の密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3）を示している。When the density of each material is used, the following equation 9 is obtained. Here, W 2 is the amount of water in the sample container (g), G S is the estimated value of the coarse aggregate in the concrete sample (g), S S is the estimated value of the fine aggregate in the concrete sample (g), C S is the estimated value of the amount of cement in the concrete sample (g), W S is the amount of water in the concrete sample (g), ρ S is the density of fine aggregate (g / g).
cm 3 ) and ρ C indicate the density of the cement in water (g / cm 3 ) determined in the section of the cement density measurement, and ρ W2 indicates the density of water (g / cm 3 ) in the sample container.
【００３３】[0033]
【式９】 [Equation 9]
【００３４】これを展開して、試料中の水量を求める式
にする。This is developed into an equation for determining the amount of water in the sample.
【００３５】[0035]
【式１０】 (Equation 10)
【００３６】求めた試料中の水量を用いて、次の式１１
からコンクリート単位水量を求めることができる。Using the obtained amount of water in the sample, the following equation 11
From this, the concrete unit water volume can be obtained.
【００３７】[0037]
【式１１】 [Equation 11]
【００３８】＜ホ＞コンクリートの単位水量測定（２） 前記コンクリートの単位水量測定（１）では、単位水量
推定値がコンクリート調合の単位水量と大きく違う場合
は、誤差が大きくなるのため、次に示す方法で計算する
ことにより、更に精度を向上できる。<E> Measurement of unit water amount of concrete (2) In the unit water amount measurement of concrete (1), if the estimated unit water amount is significantly different from the unit water amount of the concrete mixture, the error increases. The accuracy can be further improved by performing the calculation using the method shown.
【００３９】質量、水中における見掛けの質量測定後の
コンクリート試料から、水洗した粗骨材を分離し、その
水中における見掛けの質量を測定して、次の式１２から
コンクリート試料中の粗骨材量を求める。From the concrete sample after measuring the apparent mass in water, the coarse aggregate washed with water was separated, and the apparent mass in water was measured, and the amount of coarse aggregate in the concrete sample was calculated from the following equation (12). Ask for.
【００４０】[0040]
【式１２】 (Equation 12)
【００４１】コンクリート調合のモルタル部に対するセ
メント量の比率から以下の式１３を用いてンクリート試
料中のセメント量を算出する。The amount of cement in the concrete sample is calculated from the ratio of the amount of cement to the mortar in the concrete mixture using the following equation (13).
【００４２】[0042]
【式１３】 (Equation 13)
【００４３】求めた試料中の各材料量と各材料の密度、
コンクリート試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量の
測定値から、試料中の水量を求める。ここで、コンクリ
ート試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量とは次の式
１４の関係を有している。The amount of each material in the sample and the density of each material,
From the measured mass of the concrete sample and the apparent mass in water, the amount of water in the sample is determined. Here, the mass of the concrete sample and the apparent mass in water have the relationship of the following Expression 14.
【００４４】[0044]
【式１４】 (Equation 14)
【００４５】コンクリート試料の質量と水中における見
掛けの質量には試料容器内の水量は含まれないので、試
料容器内の水を考慮すると次の式１５のようになる。Since the amount of water in the sample container is not included in the mass of the concrete sample and the apparent mass in water, the following expression 15 is obtained in consideration of the water in the sample container.
【００４６】[0046]
【式１５】 (Equation 15)
【００４７】各材料の密度を用いると次の式１６ように
なる。Using the density of each material, the following equation 16 is obtained.
【００４８】[0048]
【式１６】 (Equation 16)
【００４９】細骨材量は、ＳS＝ＣONS−ＧS−ＣS−ＷS
で表せるので、これを前式１６に代入すると、次の式１
７のようになる。The amount of fine aggregate is given by S S = C ONS -G S -C S -W S
Substituting this into Equation 16 above gives the following Equation 1
It looks like 7.
【００５０】[0050]
【式１７】 (Equation 17)
【００５１】これを展開して、試料中の水量を求める次
の式１８にする。By developing this, the following equation (18) for determining the amount of water in the sample is obtained.
【００５２】[0052]
【式１８】 (Equation 18)
【００５３】求めた試料中の水量を用いて、次の式１９
からコンクリートの単位水量を求める。Using the obtained amount of water in the sample, the following equation 19
To obtain the unit water volume of concrete from
【００５４】[0054]
【式１９】 (Equation 19)
【００５５】[0055]
【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例を示す。Examples of the present invention will be described below.
【００５６】＜イ＞コンクリートの調合 図３の表に示す２種類のコンクリート調合（Ａ、Ｂ）に
ついて、（１）水槽内と試料容器内の水の温度を同じに
した場合、（２）水槽内より試料容器内の水の温度を高
くした場合、及び（３）水槽内より試料容器内の水の温
度を低くした場合について、各々の単位水量の測定を実
施した。<A> Mixing of concrete For the two types of concrete mixing (A, B) shown in the table of FIG. 3, (1) when the temperature of water in the water tank and that in the sample container are the same, (2) water tank The unit water amount was measured when the temperature of the water in the sample container was higher than that in the inside and (3) when the temperature of the water in the sample container was lower than in the water tank.
【００５７】なお、セメントは普通ポルトランドセメン
トで、水中密度ρCは３．２０４（ｇ／ｃｍ3）、細骨材
は砕砂と陸砂の混合であり、その密度ρSは２．６３５
（ｇ／ｃｍ3）、粗骨材は硬砂岩砕石であり、その密度
ρGは２．６４８（ｇ／ｃｍ3）、混和剤は高性能ＡＥ減
水剤を使用した。The cement is ordinary Portland cement, the underwater density ρ C is 3.204 (g / cm 3 ), the fine aggregate is a mixture of crushed sand and land sand, and the density ρ S is 2.635.
(G / cm 3 ), the coarse aggregate was hard sandstone crushed stone, its density ρ G was 2.648 (g / cm 3 ), and the admixture used was a high-performance AE water reducing agent.
【００５８】＜ロ＞コンクリートの調合Ａの温度差の補
正を行わない場合の測定結果 調合Ａのコンクリートについて、水槽内と試料容器内の
水の温度差の補正を行わない場合の結果を図４の表に示
す。<B> Measurement results when the temperature difference of the mixture A of the concrete was not corrected FIG. 4 shows the result of the case where the temperature difference between the water in the water tank and the sample container was not corrected for the concrete of the mixture A. Is shown in the table.
【００５９】＜ハ＞コンクリートの調合Ａの温度差の補
正を行った場合の測定結果 調合Ａのコンクリートについて、水槽内と試料容器内の
水の温度差の補正を行った場合の結果を図５の表に示
す。この温度差補正は、単位水量測定２で行った。<C> Measurement results when the temperature difference of the mixture A of the concrete was corrected The results of the correction of the temperature difference between the water in the water tank and the water in the sample container for the concrete of the mixture A are shown in FIG. Is shown in the table. This temperature difference correction was performed in the unit water amount measurement 2.
【００６０】＜ニ＞コンクリートの調合Ｂの温度差の補
正を行わない場合の測定結果 調合Ｂのコンクリートについて、水槽内と試料容器内の
水の温度差の補正を行わない場合の結果を図６の表に示
す。<D> Measurement results when the temperature difference of the mixture B of the concrete is not corrected FIG. 6 shows the result of the case where the temperature difference of the water in the water tank and the sample container is not corrected for the concrete of the mixture B. Is shown in the table.
【００６１】＜ホ＞コンクリートの調合Ｂの温度差の補
正を行った場合の測定結果 調合Ｂのコンクリートについて、水槽内と試料容器内の
水の温度差の補正を行った場合の結果を図７の表に示
す。<E> Measurement results when the temperature difference of mix B of concrete was corrected FIG. 7 shows the results of correction of the temperature difference between the water in the water tank and the sample container in the mix B concrete. Is shown in the table.
【００６２】＜ヘ＞検討 以上の結果、補正を行わないと、水槽内より試料容器内
の水の温度を高くした場合は、調合より単位水量が高く
なり、水槽内より試料容器内の水の温度を低くした場合
は調合より単位水量が低くなるが、本発明により測定し
た結果は、調合した単位水量とほぼ一致している。<F> Examination As a result of the above, if the temperature is not corrected, when the temperature of the water in the sample container is higher than that in the water tank, the unit water volume is higher than in the preparation, and the water in the sample container is higher than in the water tank. When the temperature is lowered, the unit water amount is lower than that of the blended water, but the result measured according to the present invention substantially coincides with the blended unit water amount.
【００６３】なお、実施例としてコンクリートを扱って
あるが、モルタルの場合でも、粗骨材を除いて計算すれ
ば、コンクリートとほぼ同様にしてモルタルの単位水量
を求めることができる。Although concrete is used as an example, even in the case of mortar, the unit water amount of the mortar can be obtained almost in the same manner as in the case of the concrete, except for the coarse aggregate.
【００６４】[0064]
【発明の効果】本発明は、次のような効果を得ることが
できる。 ＜イ＞水槽と試料容器内の水の温度を同じにするか、又
はその温度に差がある場合、それぞれの水の密度を考慮
することにより、無機水硬性物質の密度を正確に求める
ことができる。 ＜ロ＞水槽と試料容器内の水の温度を同じにするか、又
はその温度に差がある場合、それぞれの水の密度を考慮
することにより、無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を正確に
求めることができる。According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. <B> If the water temperature in the water tank and the sample container is the same or there is a difference between them, it is possible to accurately determine the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance by considering the respective water densities. it can. <B> If the temperature of the water in the water tank and the sample container is the same, or if there is a difference between the temperatures, the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material is accurately determined by considering the density of each water. be able to.
【図１】固体密度測定装置の概略図FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid density measuring device.
【図２】普通ポルトランドセメントの密度を示す表の図FIG. 2 is a table showing the density of ordinary Portland cement.
【図３】コンクリート調合を示す表の図FIG. 3 is a diagram of a table showing concrete mixing.
【図４】調合Ａの補正を行わない場合の測定結果を示す
表の図FIG. 4 is a diagram of a table showing measurement results in the case where correction of Formulation A is not performed.
【図５】調合Ａの補正を行った場合の測定結果を示す表
の図FIG. 5 is a diagram of a table showing measurement results in the case where Formulation A is corrected.
【図６】調合Ｂの補正を行わない場合の測定結果を示す
表の図FIG. 6 is a diagram of a table showing measurement results in the case where Formulation B is not corrected.
【図７】調合Ｂの補正を行った場合の測定結果を示す表
の図FIG. 7 is a diagram of a table showing measurement results when the formulation B is corrected.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 後藤和正 東京都新宿区西新宿一丁目25番１号 大成 建設株式会社内Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kazumasa Goto 1-25-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Taisei Corporation
Claims (8)
容器を水槽内に配置し、試料容器内の水と水槽内の水の
温度を同一にして該試料の水中における見掛けの質量を
求め、 該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量から該試料の
密度を求めることを特徴とする、 無機水硬性物質の密度測定方法。A sample container having a sample of an inorganic hydraulic substance therein is disposed in a water tank, and the apparent mass of the sample in water is determined by making the temperature of the water in the sample container equal to the temperature of the water in the water tank. A method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance, comprising determining the density of the sample from the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water.
容器を水槽内に配置し、試料容器内の水温、水槽内の水
温及び試料容器内の該試料の水中における見掛けの質量
を求め、 試料容器内の水温と水槽内の水温に対応する試料容器内
の水の密度と水槽内の水の密度および試料容器内の水量
を考慮して、該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量
から該試料の密度を求めることを特徴とする、 無機水硬性物質の密度測定方法。2. A sample container having a sample of an inorganic hydraulic substance therein is disposed in a water tank, and the water temperature in the sample container, the water temperature in the water tank, and the apparent mass of the sample in water in the sample container are determined, Taking into account the water temperature in the sample container and the water density in the sample container corresponding to the water temperature in the water tank, the water density in the water tank, and the amount of water in the sample container, the weight of the sample and the apparent mass in water are calculated from the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water. A method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance, comprising determining the density of a sample.
密度測定方法において、 該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量の差から該試
料の体積を求め、該試料の質量を体積で除して密度を求
めることを特徴とする、 無機水硬性物質の密度測定方法。3. The method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance according to claim 1, wherein a volume of the sample is obtained from a difference between a mass of the sample and an apparent mass in water, and the mass of the sample is expressed as a volume. A method for measuring the density of an inorganic hydraulic substance, wherein the density is obtained by dividing the density.
料容器を水槽内に配置し、試料容器内の水と水槽内の水
の温度を同一にして該試料の水中における見掛けの質量
を求め、 該試料の質量、水中における見掛けの質量、骨材の密
度、無機水硬性物質の水に接している状態の密度、及
び、無機水硬性混練物の調合の無機水硬性物質量と骨材
量の比率から無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を求めること
を特徴とする、 無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法。4. A sample container having a sample of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material therein is arranged in a water tank, and the temperature of the water in the sample container and the water in the water tank are made equal to each other to reduce the apparent mass of the sample in water. The mass of the sample, the apparent mass in water, the density of the aggregate, the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance in contact with water, and the amount of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the amount of the aggregate in the preparation of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material A method for measuring a unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, wherein a unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material is obtained from a ratio of the amounts.
料容器を水槽内に配置し、試料容器内の水温、水槽内の
水温及び試料容器内の該試料の水中における見掛けの質
量を求め、 試料容器内の水温と水槽内の水温に対応する試料容器内
の水の密度と水槽内の水の密度および試料容器内の水量
を考慮して、該試料の質量、水中における見掛けの質
量、骨材の密度、無機水硬性物質の水に接している状態
の密度、及び、無機水硬性混練物の調合の無機水硬性物
質量と骨材量の比率から無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を
求めることを特徴とする、 無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法。5. A sample container having a sample of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material therein is placed in a water tank, and the water temperature in the sample container, the water temperature in the water tank, and the apparent mass of the sample in the sample container in water are determined. Considering the water temperature in the sample container and the water density in the sample container corresponding to the water temperature in the water tank and the water density in the water tank and the amount of water in the sample container, the mass of the sample, the apparent mass in water, From the density of the aggregate, the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance in contact with water, and the ratio of the amount of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the amount of the aggregate in the preparation of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded substance, the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded substance is determined. A method for measuring a unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, which is characterized in that:
の単位水量測定方法において、 該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量の差から該試
料の体積を求め、骨材の密度、無機水硬性物質の水に接
している状態の密度、及び、無機水硬性混練物の調合の
無機水硬性物質量と骨材量の比率とから無機水硬性物質
と骨材の合計体積を求め、該試料の体積と、無機水硬性
物質と骨材の合計体積との差を求めて、該試料の水量と
することにより、無機水硬性混練物の単位水量を求める
ことを特徴とする、 無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法。6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the volume of the sample is determined from the difference between the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water, and the density of the aggregate is determined. Determine the density of the inorganic hydraulic substance in contact with water, and the total volume of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the aggregate from the ratio of the amount of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the amount of the aggregate in the preparation of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, Determining the difference between the volume of the sample and the total volume of the inorganic hydraulic substance and the aggregate to obtain the water amount of the sample, thereby obtaining the unit water amount of the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material; A method for measuring the unit water amount of a hard kneaded material.
性混練物の単位水量測定方法において、 無機水硬性混練物は、コンクリート又はモルタルである
ことを特徴とする、 無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法。7. The method for measuring unit water content of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded product according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic hydraulic kneaded material is concrete or mortar. How to measure the unit water volume of an object.
性混練物の単位水量測定方法において、 試料は、コンクリートの試料であり、 該試料の質量と水中における見掛けの質量を測定後、該
試料から粗骨材を取り出し、骨材を粗骨材と細骨材に分
けて扱うことを特徴とする、 無機水硬性混練物の単位水量測定方法。8. The method for measuring the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded product according to claim 4, wherein the sample is a concrete sample, and after measuring the mass of the sample and the apparent mass in water. A method of measuring the unit water amount of an inorganic hydraulic kneaded material, wherein coarse aggregate is taken out from the sample, and the aggregate is divided into coarse aggregate and fine aggregate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26092497A JP3941896B2 (en) | 1997-09-09 | 1997-09-09 | Method for measuring density of inorganic hydraulic substance and method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26092497A JP3941896B2 (en) | 1997-09-09 | 1997-09-09 | Method for measuring density of inorganic hydraulic substance and method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1183718A true JPH1183718A (en) | 1999-03-26 |
| JP3941896B2 JP3941896B2 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
Family
ID=17354664
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26092497A Expired - Fee Related JP3941896B2 (en) | 1997-09-09 | 1997-09-09 | Method for measuring density of inorganic hydraulic substance and method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3941896B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7578207B2 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2009-08-25 | Obayashi Corporation | Measuring apparatus and measuring method for concrete-forming materials |
| CN103217515A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-24 | 济南追易建筑材料技术有限公司 | Determination method of cement concrete mixture water-cement ratio |
| CN104330334A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | Testing method for testing density of coating |
| CN104792974A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-22 | 同济大学 | Method for testing chemical shrinkage of cement paste by using full-automatic true density instrument |
| CN109633136A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏华宁工程咨询有限公司 | A kind of cement slurry ratio of mud detector and its operating method |
| CN111721661A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rock sample total volume measuring device and method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102269683A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-12-07 | 吴江市明港道桥工程有限公司 | Material adding method in specific gravity test of cement |
-
1997
- 1997-09-09 JP JP26092497A patent/JP3941896B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7578207B2 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2009-08-25 | Obayashi Corporation | Measuring apparatus and measuring method for concrete-forming materials |
| CN103217515A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-24 | 济南追易建筑材料技术有限公司 | Determination method of cement concrete mixture water-cement ratio |
| CN104330334A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | Testing method for testing density of coating |
| CN104792974A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-22 | 同济大学 | Method for testing chemical shrinkage of cement paste by using full-automatic true density instrument |
| CN104792974B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-04-06 | 同济大学 | A kind of method adopting full-automatic real density instrument test water slurry body chemical shrinkage |
| CN109633136A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏华宁工程咨询有限公司 | A kind of cement slurry ratio of mud detector and its operating method |
| CN111721661A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Rock sample total volume measuring device and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3941896B2 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Caré | Influence of aggregates on chloride diffusion coefficient into mortar | |
| Akkaya et al. | Investigation of the density, porosity, and permeability properties of pervious concrete with different methods | |
| Wu et al. | Influence of the interfacial transition zone and interconnection on chloride migration of portland cement mortar | |
| JPH1183718A (en) | Method for measuring density of inorganic hydraulic substance and method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded matter | |
| Kolias | Investigation of the possibility of estimating concrete strength by porosity measurements | |
| JP3500591B2 (en) | Method for measuring unit water content of inorganic hydraulic kneaded material | |
| Khayat et al. | Multi-electrode conductivity method to evaluate static stability of flowable and self-consolidating concrete | |
| CN107589045A (en) | Method for calculating segregation degree of cement concrete | |
| JP4932679B2 (en) | Method for calculating specifications of fine aggregate | |
| Rice | Maximum Specific Gravity of Bituminous Mixtures by Vacuum Saturation Procedure | |
| Maghsoodi | W/C ratio profile in ITZ of mortar | |
| Tang et al. | Chloride diffusivity of self-compacting concrete | |
| Wei et al. | Water absorption in cementitious materials at different temperatures | |
| JP2704251B2 (en) | Method for determining the characteristics of a mixture using liquids, powders and granules, and method for adjusting the mixture | |
| JPH11194125A (en) | Method for measuring amount of connected water in inorganic hydraulic substance | |
| JP3406121B2 (en) | Strength prediction method for soil cement | |
| Kubissa et al. | Air permeability and sorptivity of concrete modified with viscosity modifying agents | |
| JP4971273B2 (en) | Method for estimating the unit water volume of concrete using an air meter | |
| Reynolds et al. | Ultrasonic wave velocities in concrete | |
| JP3738821B2 (en) | Formula estimation method for fresh concrete | |
| JPS63284469A (en) | Method for measuring basic fluid water volume of mixture composed of liquid, powder and grain and method for deciding characteristics of various kinds of compounds in said mixture system and method for preparing said mixture | |
| JP2731798B2 (en) | Physical property measurement method for granules to obtain mortar or concrete | |
| Yzenas | Bulk density, relative density (specific gravity), pore structure, absorption, and surface moisture | |
| JP2743569B2 (en) | Method of estimating concrete slump value | |
| Ngnihamye et al. | Research Article A Simple Benchmark to Evaluate the Influence Parameters of the Microstructure of the Masonry Wall on Capillary Water Migration Dynamic |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20040820 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20060831 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20060912 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20061012 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20070320 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20070328 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110413 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110413 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120413 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120413 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130413 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140413 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |