JPH116928A - アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器 - Google Patents

アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器

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Publication number
JPH116928A
JPH116928A JP16078697A JP16078697A JPH116928A JP H116928 A JPH116928 A JP H116928A JP 16078697 A JP16078697 A JP 16078697A JP 16078697 A JP16078697 A JP 16078697A JP H116928 A JPH116928 A JP H116928A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
dielectric multilayer
demultiplexer
waveguides
waveguide grating
grating type
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP16078697A
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English (en)
Inventor
Yasuyuki Inoue
靖之 井上
Makoto Sumita
真 住田
Akira Himeno
明 姫野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority to JP16078697A priority Critical patent/JPH116928A/ja
Publication of JPH116928A publication Critical patent/JPH116928A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【課題】 アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器のクロスト
ークを改善することを目的とする。 【解決手段】 平面基板上10に形成され、分波された
出力光を導く複数の出力導波路2を有するアレイ導波路
格子型波長合分波器において、前記複数の出力導波路2
に溝7が形成され、該溝7に誘電体多層膜フィルタ6が
挿入されていることを特徴とする。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、アレイ導波路格子
型波長合分波器に関する。例えば、光通信或いは光情報
処理などの分野で用いられる導波型光素子に関するもの
である。具体的には、平面上に形成された導波路により
構成されたアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器(AWG:
Arrayed-Waveguide Grating )において、そのクロスト
ークを誘電体多層膜フィルタのバンドパス特性を利用し
て低減したことを特徴とする導波型光素子に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】近年、例えばシリコン基板上に形成した
石英系光導波路などによって構成されたプレーナ光波回
路(PLC:Planner Lightwave Circit)の研究が盛ん
に行われている。そのなかで最も重要な回路としてアレ
イ導波路格子型波長合分波器がある。
【0003】アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器は、並列
に並べられた互いに光路長がn×ΔLずつ異なる30〜
100本程度のアーム導波路を伝搬した複数の光の干渉
により光の波長合分波機能を実現している。ここでnは
導波路の実効屈折率、ΔLは10〜100μm程度の値
である。この回路の特徴は、複数の波長の光を一段の多
光束干渉により実現していることである。
【0004】この結果として以下の2つの特長が生じ
る。一つは、回路挿入損失が波長チャンネル数に依存し
ない。もう一つは、分波される互いのチャンネル波長の
間隔がフォトマスクの精度で定まり、0.1nm以下の
精度で作製できる。
【0005】これらの特長のため将来、多波長の光を使
用する光通信システムにおいて、アレイ導波路格子型波
長合分波器は極めて重要な光回路になることが予測され
ると報告されている(H.Takahashi et al., "Arrayed-W
aveguide Grating for Wavelength Division Multi/Dem
ultiplexer with Nanometre Resolution," Electron.Le
tt., vol.26, no.2, pp.87-88, 1990. )
【0006】図6にその回路構成を、図7に中心入力ポ
ートから中心出力ポートヘの透過波長特性を示す。図6
に示すように、Si基板10上には、石英系光導波路よ
りなる複数の入力導波路1、出力導波路2、二つのスラ
ブ導波路3,4及び互いに光路長がn×ΔLずつ異なる
アレイ導波路5が形成され、入射光が何れかの入力導波
路1に入射されると、スラブ導波路3、アレイ導波路
5、スラブ導波路4を順に伝搬して出力導波路2から出
射されることになる。
【0007】ここで、アレイ導波路5における伝搬時に
複数の光が干渉することにより、光の波長合分波機能が
実現される。例えば、図7に示すように、中心入力ポー
トから中心出力ポートヘ特定の波長のみが透過し、それ
以外の波長の光は阻止されていることが分かる。現在の
ところ、阻止波長の透過率と透過波長の透過率との比で
表されるクロストークは30dB程度である。
【0008】このクロストークを低減することは、波長
合分波機能として極めて重要な課題である。このクロス
トークが−30dB程度に制限されている原因は、導波
路の作製誤差によるものであり、現状のプロセス技術に
おいてクロストークを大幅に改善することは容易ではな
い。
【0009】一方、アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器と
同じ波長合分波機能を有する光部品として誘電体多層膜
フィルタを用いたものが報告されている( M.A.Scobey
et al. "Passive DWDM components using MicroPlasma
optical interference filters," OFC'96 Technical Di
gest ThKl pp.242-243. )
【0010】一般に誘電体多層膜フィルタを用いた波長
合分波器では、分波する波長数と同じ数の誘電体多層膜
フィルタが必要であり、かつ各々の入出力ファイバを調
芯する必要がある。このため部品のコストが高くなると
いう問題がある。また、使用する複数の誘電体多層膜フ
ィルタの透過中心波長をそれぞれ0.1nm以下の精度
で合わせる必要があり、このことが部品歩留まりを制限
している。
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、アレイ導波
路格子型波長合分波器のクロストークを改善することを
目的とする。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】アレイ導波路格子型波長
合分波器のクロストークを改善する手段として、バンド
パス機能を有する誘電体多層膜フィルタを用いる。具体
的には、アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器で一括して多
波長の光を分波した後、複数の出力導波路に誘電体多層
膜フィルタを挿入して不要な波長の光を除去することに
よりアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器のクロストークを
改善する。
【0013】このアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器と誘
電体多層膜フィルタの組み合わせは以下のような特長を
有する。即ち、従来技術に示したように、アレイ導波路
格子型波長合分波器は分波するチャンネル波長の数に依
存せずほぼ一定の損失を有しており、かつ分波する各チ
ャンネル波長の間隔は高精度に設定できている。そのア
レイ導波路格子型波長合分波器の後段にバンドパス機能
を有する誘電体多層膜フィルタを挿入することによっ
て、アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器単体では実現でき
なかった極めて低いクロストークを実現する。
【0014】ここで誘電体多層膜フィルタはアレイ導波
路格子型波長合分波器のクロストーク光を除去するため
にのみ使われるため、その中心波長に対してかなり緩い
スペックしか求められないため、歩留まりが高く安価な
フィルタを使用することが可能である。
【0015】
【発明の実施の形態】図1(a)(b)に本発明の誘電
体多層膜フィルタを用いたアレイ導波路格子型波長合分
波器を示す。この回路の基本的な機能は、アレイ導波路
格子型波長合分波器によって多波長(本実施例では10
0GHzチャンネル間隔16波長)の光を分波し、その
出力導波路2に挿入した誘電体多層膜フィルタ6によっ
てクロストークを改善するものである。
【0016】即ち、図1(a)に示すように、Si基板
10上には、石英系光導波路よりなる複数の入力導波路
1、出力導波路2、二つのスラブ導波路3,4及び互い
に光路長がn×ΔLずつ異なるアレイ導波路5が形成さ
れ、入射光が何れかの入力導波路1に入射されると、ス
ラブ導波路3、アレイ導波路5、スラブ導波路4を順に
伝搬して出力導波路2から出射されるようになってい
る。
【0017】このような構成のアレイ導波路格子型波長
合分波器の後段、つまり、複数の出力導波路2にバンド
パス機能を有する誘電体多層膜フィルタ6が配置されて
いる。誘電体多層膜フィルタ6は16本の出力導波路に
個別に配置するのではなく、複数の出力導波路2にまた
がる(本実施例では8つの出力導波路にまたがる)構成
になっている。
【0018】誘電体多層膜フィルタ6の配置は、例え
ば、複数の出力導波路2に対して交差するように基板1
0に溝7を形成し、この溝7に誘電体多層膜6を挿入
し、接着剤8で固定することにより実現される。図1
(b)に図1(a)中のa−a’線の拡大断面図を示
す。誘電体多層膜フィルタ6の厚みは約50μm、溝7
の幅を55μm、溝7の深さを300μmとした。
【0019】各々の出力導波路2は誘電体多層膜フィル
タ6に交差する角度が異なっており、この交差角度の違
いによって誘電体多層膜フィルタ6を透過する波長が、
アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器で分波された各出力チ
ャンネル波長に一致するよう設計されている。即ち、誘
電体多層膜フィルタ6を直線導波路に挿入したときの透
過波長特性は図3に示す通り特定の波長でピークを有す
るが、誘電体多層膜フィルタ6に対する直線導波路の入
射角を変化させると、図4に示すように透過波長が変化
する。
【0020】従って、図4に示すような透過波長の入射
角依存性を利用して、誘電体多層膜フィルタ6を透過す
る波長が、アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器で分波され
た各出力チャンネル波長に一致するように設計すること
ができる。尚、入射角が大きくなると偏波による透過波
長の変化が大きくなるため、入射角としては10°以下
が好ましい。
【0021】上記構成を有する本実施例の誘電体多層膜
を用いたアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器は、次の効果
を奏する。先ず、前提として、アレイ導波路格子型波長
合分波器は分波するチャンネル波長の数に依存せずほぼ
一定の損失を有しており、かつ分波する各チャンネル波
長の間隔は高精度に設定できる。
【0022】更に、そのアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波
器の後段にバンドパス機能を有する誘電体多層膜フィル
タ6を挿入することによって、不要な波長の光が除去さ
れ、アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器単体では実現でき
なかった極めて低いクロストークを実現することができ
る。例えば、本実施例における誘電体多層膜フィルタを
用いたアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器の透過波長特性
は図5に示すように、図7に示す従来例に比較して、1
dB程度の過剰損失が生じているが、10dB以上の大
幅なクロストークの改善が認められる。
【0023】ここで、誘電体多層膜フィルタ6はアレイ
導波路格子型波長合分波器のクロストーク光を除去する
ためにのみ使われるため、その中心波長に対してかなり
緩いスペックしか求められないため、歩留まりが高く安
価なフィルタを使用することが可能である。
【0024】尚、上述した実施例では、16本の出力導
波路2を8本の出力導波路づつにまとめて誘電体多層膜
フィルタ6を挿入したが、必要に応じて4本の出力導波
路づつ、2本の出力導波路づつ、また16本の出力導波
路2に対して各々別々に誘電体多層膜フィルタ6を挿入
してもよい。この場合、これらの構成に合わせて挿入す
る誘電体多層膜の透過中心波長、導波路との交差角等を
適宜設定すればよい。
【0025】また、図2に示すように出力導波路2は、
誘電体多層膜フィルタ6に交差する部分にパラボラ形状
部分9を有している。パラボラ形状部分9は、フィルタ
溝7による光の放射損失を低減すると共に、フィルタ6
に入射する光を平行ビームに近づけるための手段であ
る。
【0026】
【発明の効果】以上、実施例に基づいて具体的に説明し
たように、本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルタを用いたアレ
イ導波路格子型波長合分波器は、アレイ導波路格子型波
長合分波器の後段にバンドパス機能を有する誘電体多層
膜フィルタを挿入することによって、不要な波長の光が
除去され、従来のアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器に比
べて大幅にクロストークが改善される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1(a)は本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルタを
用いたアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器の回路構成図、
図1(b)は、図1(a)中のa−a’線の拡大断面図
である。
【図2】誘電体多層膜フィルタが挿入されている部分の
拡大上面図である。
【図3】直線導波路に挿入した誘電体多層膜フィルタの
透過波長特性を示すグラフである。
【図4】誘電体多層膜フィルタに交差する導波路の入射
角と透過スペクトルの中心波長との関係を示すグラフで
ある。
【図5】図1の誘電体多層膜フィルタを用いたアレイ導
波路格子型波長合分波器の透過波長特性を示すグラフで
ある。
【図6】アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器の回路構成図
である。
【図7】図6に示したアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器
の中心入力ポートから中心出力ポートへの透過波長特性
を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1 入力導波路 2 出力導波路 3,4 スラブ導波路 5 アレイ導波路 6 誘電体多層膜フィルタ 7 溝 8 接着剤 9 パラボラ形状部分

Claims (3)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 平面基板上に形成され、分波された出力
    光を導く複数の出力導波路を有するアレイ導波路格子型
    波長合分波器において、前記複数の出力導波路に溝が形
    成され、該溝に誘電体多層膜フィルタが挿入されている
    ことを特徴とするアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器。
  2. 【請求項2】 前記複数の出力導波路が前記溝に交差す
    る角度が互いに一定ではないことを特徴とする請求項1
    記載のアレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器。
  3. 【請求項3】 前記複数の出力導波路と前記溝の交差部
    において、前記導波路がパラボラ形状を有していること
    を特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2記載のアレイ導波路
    格子型波長合分波器。
JP16078697A 1997-06-18 1997-06-18 アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器 Pending JPH116928A (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16078697A JPH116928A (ja) 1997-06-18 1997-06-18 アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16078697A JPH116928A (ja) 1997-06-18 1997-06-18 アレイ導波路格子型波長合分波器

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH116928A true JPH116928A (ja) 1999-01-12

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JP2004341506A (ja) * 2003-04-25 2004-12-02 Photonic Lattice Inc 格子変調型フォトニック結晶波長フィルタ及びこれを用いたアレイ型波長合分波器並びにこれらの製造方法
WO2009113961A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-17 Agency For Science, Technology And Research A method for reducing optical coupling loss in a dielectric stack
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