JPH1154086A - Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture - Google Patents

Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture

Info

Publication number
JPH1154086A
JPH1154086A JP22563397A JP22563397A JPH1154086A JP H1154086 A JPH1154086 A JP H1154086A JP 22563397 A JP22563397 A JP 22563397A JP 22563397 A JP22563397 A JP 22563397A JP H1154086 A JPH1154086 A JP H1154086A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrode material
tungsten
powder
lanthanum
boron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP22563397A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masao Ushio
誠夫 牛尾
Kenji Ikeuchi
建二 池内
Kiyoyuki Hasegawa
清幸 長谷川
Katsuyoshi Akabane
克芳 赤羽根
Takashi Matsuno
隆 松野
Hiroo Matsumoto
裕夫 松本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toho Kinzoku Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Toho Kinzoku Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toho Kinzoku Co Ltd filed Critical Toho Kinzoku Co Ltd
Priority to JP22563397A priority Critical patent/JPH1154086A/en
Publication of JPH1154086A publication Critical patent/JPH1154086A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrode material having satisfactory ignitablility and excellent wear resistance by containing both a compound of tungsten and boron and a compound of lanthanum and boron. SOLUTION: This electrode material is preferably obtained by adding lanthanum boride powder to metal tungsten powder in a ratio of 10-75 VOL.% of the whole body followed by sufficient dry mixing, and discharge plasma sintering the resulting mixing powder. The sintering is performed at about 1600-1800 deg.C to provide an electrode material having desired form and dimension. When the addition quantity of lanthanum boride is less than 10% by volume, desired electron emitting characteristic cannot be provided, and when it exceeds 75%, it is too brittle to be resistant to practical use. The preferable average particle size of metal tungsten powder is 2-4 μm, and the preferable average particle size of lanthanum boride is 1-3 μm. The electrode material is preferably used as an electrode material for a high-pressure discharge lamp, especially as a negative electrode tor a mercury lamp or xenon lamp.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明が属する技術分野】本発明は、主として高圧放電
灯等の電極材、特に水銀灯やキセノンランプ等の陰極材
料として使用するに適したタングステン系電極材に関す
るものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrode material for a high pressure discharge lamp or the like, and more particularly to a tungsten electrode material suitable for use as a cathode material for a mercury lamp or a xenon lamp.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】高圧放電灯用電極等の電極材としてよく
知られているのは、酸化トリウムを添加したタングステ
ン電極材、いわゆるトリエーテッドタングステン材であ
る。酸化トリウムは、電子放出材としては優れたもので
あり、広く使用されてきた。
2. Description of the Related Art A well-known electrode material such as an electrode for a high pressure discharge lamp is a tungsten electrode material to which thorium oxide is added, that is, a so-called thoriated tungsten material. Thorium oxide is an excellent electron-emitting material and has been widely used.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記酸化トリウムを添
加したタングステン電極材は、電子放出特性に優れてい
るものの、再結晶温度が低く、再結晶し易いため、電極
形状の変化が生じ易いと云う問題点があった。また、酸
化トリウムを添加したタングステン電極材は、作動温度
が高く、したがって、電極が高温になり易く消耗量も大
きいという問題もある。
The tungsten electrode material to which thorium oxide is added has excellent electron emission characteristics, but has a low recrystallization temperature and is easily recrystallized, so that the electrode shape is liable to change. There was a problem. Further, the tungsten electrode material to which thorium oxide is added has a problem that the operating temperature is high, and therefore, the temperature of the electrode tends to be high and the consumption amount is large.

【0004】さらに、原料である酸化トリウム粉末は、
放射性物質であるため、原料の入手が次第に困難となり
つつあり、コストが高くつくとともに、法律上、その保
管や取扱に厳重な管理が必要であるという問題点もあ
る。
Further, thorium oxide powder, which is a raw material,
Since it is a radioactive substance, it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain raw materials, which increases costs, and there is also a problem that strict control is required for its storage and handling by law.

【0005】近年、高圧放電灯等の用途が多様化し、従
来のものよりも高度の性能を有する電極材が求められる
ようになった。すなわち、高圧放電灯において、陰極に
かかる電流は極めて密度が高いため、高温になり易く、
高い耐熱性が要求される。同時に、長時間連続して点灯
される場合、及び点滅が反復して長時間行われる場合な
ど、その用途、目的に応じて常に安定した放電が要求さ
れる。
In recent years, applications of high pressure discharge lamps and the like have been diversified, and there has been a demand for electrode materials having higher performance than conventional ones. That is, in a high-pressure discharge lamp, the current applied to the cathode is extremely high in density, so
High heat resistance is required. At the same time, a stable discharge is always required depending on the use and purpose, such as when the light is continuously turned on for a long time or when the blinking is repeatedly performed for a long time.

【0006】したがって、作動時の高温高圧化におい
て、結晶組織が常に一定に保たれ、安定した放電が維持
されるために、電子放出物質が内部より安定して供給さ
れることが必要となる。
[0006] Therefore, in operating at high temperature and high pressure during operation, in order to keep the crystal structure constant and maintain stable discharge, it is necessary to supply the electron-emitting substance stably from the inside.

【0007】本件発明者等は、硼化ランタンを添加した
タングステン電極材が優れた性能を有することを見出
し、これに関する発明についてすでに特許出願している
(特開平6−91391号及び特開平7−292188
号)。
The present inventors have found that a tungsten electrode material to which lanthanum boride is added has excellent performance, and have already filed patent applications for inventions related thereto (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-91391 and 7-91391). 292188
issue).

【0008】本発明は、上記すでに出願済みの発明にか
かる電極材と同等以上の性能を有する電極材を提供する
ことを目的になされたものである。
An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode material having performance equal to or higher than that of the electrode material according to the present invention.

【0009】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、上記課題
を解決することを目的に種々の研究を行った結果、以下
の電極材が優れていることを見出して本願発明を完成し
た。まず、第1の発明は、タングステンと硼素の化合物
と、ランタンと硼素の化合物を共に含有することを特徴
とするタングステン系電極材を要旨としている。
The present inventors have conducted various studies for the purpose of solving the above problems, and as a result, have found that the following electrode materials are excellent, and have completed the present invention. First, the first invention has a gist of a tungsten-based electrode material characterized by containing both a compound of tungsten and boron and a compound of lanthanum and boron.

【0010】次に、第2の発明は、タングステン粉末に
硼化ランタンを全体の10〜75vol.%の割合で添
加した粉末を燒結して、タングステンと硼素の化合物及
びランタンと硼素の化合物が共存する電極材を得ること
を特徴とするタングステン系電極材の製法を要旨として
いる。
Next, a second aspect of the present invention is to provide lanthanum boride to tungsten powder in an amount of 10 to 75 vol. The present invention provides a method for producing a tungsten-based electrode material, characterized by obtaining an electrode material in which a powder added at a ratio of% is sintered to obtain a compound of tungsten and boron and a compound of lanthanum and boron.

【0011】上記製法における粉末成形体の燒結は、放
電プラズマ燒結法で行うのが好ましい。放電プラズマ燒
結法は、粉末成形体にオン・オフ直流パルス電圧を印加
し、粉体粒子間に起こる放電現象を利用して加熱する方
法で、熱効率に優れ、従来燒結が困難であった材料の燒
結も可能とされている。
The sintering of the powder compact in the above-mentioned production method is preferably performed by a discharge plasma sintering method. The discharge plasma sintering method is a method in which an on / off DC pulse voltage is applied to a powder compact and heating is performed using a discharge phenomenon that occurs between powder particles. Sintering is also possible.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、具体例を挙げつつ本発明に
ついて詳細に説明する。この電極材は、例えば次のよう
にして製造される。まず、原料となる金属タングステン
粉末に硼化ランタンLaB6 粉末を添加し、均一に分散
するまで混合する。硼化ランタンLaB6 粉末の添加量
は、全体の10〜75vol.%である。硼化ランタン
の添加量が容量比で10%未満であると、所望の電子放
出特性が得られず、75%よりも多くなると、脆過ぎ
て、実用に耐えなくなる。金属タングステン粉末の好ま
しい平均粒度は、例えば2〜4ミクロンであり、硼化ラ
ンタン粉末の好ましい平均粒度は例えば1〜3ミクロン
である。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. This electrode material is manufactured, for example, as follows. First, lanthanum boride LaB 6 powder is added to metal tungsten powder as a raw material, and mixed until uniformly dispersed. The addition amount of lanthanum boride LaB 6 powder, whole 10~75Vol. %. If the added amount of lanthanum boride is less than 10% by volume, desired electron emission characteristics cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 75%, it is too brittle and cannot withstand practical use. The preferred average particle size of the metal tungsten powder is, for example, 2 to 4 microns, and the preferred average particle size of the lanthanum boride powder is, for example, 1 to 3 microns.

【0013】得られた混合粉末は、放電プラズマ燒結法
によって燒結し、所望の形状・寸法の電極材を得る。放
電プラズマ燒結法は、例えばカーボンで作られたダイと
上下のポンチよりなる型に混合粉末を極力隙間のないよ
うに充填し、上下ポンチを電源に接続すると共に、装置
内を真空に引いて通電を行うことにより行われる。この
燒結は、所定の加圧パターンと昇温パターンに従って行
われるもので、所定の燒結温度に達したら一定時間その
温度と圧力を維持し、燒結完了後は圧力を下げ、大気に
触れても影響のない温度まで真空雰囲気のまま冷却す
る。なお、好ましい燒結温度は、1600〜1800度
C程度である。この燒結温度が高すぎると、硼化ランタ
ンが先に溶融するので、所望の燒結体が得られない。
The obtained mixed powder is sintered by a discharge plasma sintering method to obtain an electrode material having a desired shape and dimensions. In the discharge plasma sintering method, for example, a mixture of a die made of carbon and upper and lower punches is filled with the mixed powder as much as possible without gaps, and the upper and lower punches are connected to a power supply, and the inside of the apparatus is evacuated and energized Is carried out. This sintering is performed according to a predetermined pressurization pattern and temperature rise pattern. When the predetermined sintering temperature is reached, the temperature and pressure are maintained for a certain period of time. Cool in a vacuum atmosphere to a temperature free of The preferred sintering temperature is about 1600 to 1800 ° C. If the sintering temperature is too high, the desired sintered body cannot be obtained because lanthanum boride is melted first.

【0014】上記燒結によって得られる電極材中には、
タングステンの硼化物とランタンの硼化物とが共に存在
する。タングステンの硼化物としては、例えばWB,W
2 B,W25 等がある。また、ランタンの硼化物とし
ては、例えばLaB6 ,LaB4 等がある。なお、硼化
ランタンLaB6 の添加量が比較的少ない場合は、X線
回折によって純タングステンWが検出されたが、硼化ラ
ンタンの添加量が多い場合は、純タングステンは検出さ
れなかった。上記のようにして得られた燒結体はかなり
脆いので、鍛造加工、塑性加工等の加工は困難であっ
た。
In the electrode material obtained by the above sintering,
Both borides of tungsten and lanthanum are present. Examples of borides of tungsten include WB, W
2 B, there is a W 2 B 5, and the like. Examples of lanthanum borides include LaB 6 and LaB 4 . When the amount of lanthanum boride LaB 6 was relatively small, pure tungsten W was detected by X-ray diffraction, but when the amount of lanthanum boride was large, pure tungsten was not detected. Since the sintered body obtained as described above is considerably brittle, it has been difficult to perform such processes as forging and plastic working.

【0015】この電極材は、タングステンの硼素化合物
のほかにランタンの硼素化合物を含んでおり、仕事関数
が低く電子放出性に富んでいるので、耐消耗性と、アー
ク点弧性にすぐれたものである。
This electrode material contains a boron compound of lanthanum in addition to a boron compound of tungsten, and has a low work function and a high electron emission property, so that it has excellent wear resistance and excellent arc ignition property. It is.

【0016】このタングステンを主成分とする電極材
は、加工形状等を変えることにより、電子管用電極、レ
ーザー励起用電極、各種プラズマ電極等として使用する
ことができる。
The electrode material containing tungsten as a main component can be used as an electrode for an electron tube, an electrode for laser excitation, various kinds of plasma electrodes, etc. by changing a processing shape or the like.

【0017】本発明者等の実験によれば、上記のように
して製造された丸棒の先端部分を特定の形状に加工して
使用すれば、優れた性能が得られることがわかった。ま
ず、上記組成を持つ素材としては、直径0.2〜15m
mの丸棒状のものが好ましい。そして、その丸棒の先端
部を15〜65度の範囲で円錐状に尖らせておくのが好
ましい。図2は好ましい先端形状を表すもので、この電
極材1の円錐状の先端部2の角度αは、放電灯の種類や
出力、サイズ等により丸棒(線棒)の径が異なり、アー
ク距離も異なるため、上記範囲内で適宜選択するのが好
ましい。この角度範囲以外では、先端消耗が激しくなっ
たり、アークのふらつきのため照度の乱高下が起こりや
すい。
According to experiments by the present inventors, it has been found that excellent performance can be obtained if the round bar manufactured as described above is processed into a specific shape and used. First, as a material having the above composition, a diameter of 0.2 to 15 m
A round bar shape of m is preferable. It is preferable that the tip of the round bar is pointed in a conical shape in the range of 15 to 65 degrees. FIG. 2 shows a preferable tip shape. The angle α of the conical tip portion 2 of the electrode material 1 varies depending on the type, output, size, etc. of the discharge lamp, and the diameter of the round bar (wire bar) varies. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately select within the above range. When the angle is out of this range, the tip tends to be worn out and the illuminance tends to fluctuate due to the fluctuation of the arc.

【0018】さらに、円錐状に尖らせた先端部を少しだ
けカットして、図2の(a)に示すように平坦部3を形
成し、先端が余り鋭利にならないようにしておく方が長
寿命と安定した電子放出性能が得られる。このカットす
る長さは、1mm以下、0.2〜0.8mmとするのが
好ましい。このカット長さが小さ過ぎると安定性に欠
け、大き過ぎるとアーク特性が低下するのでいずれも好
ましくない。このカットは、必ずしも実際に切断するこ
とにより行う必要はなく、研磨等他の方法で行ってもよ
い。また、上記平坦部3の形状は平面状でなくてもよ
く、例えば、図2の(b)に示すように凸状の曲面4と
して形成してもよい。
Furthermore, it is longer to slightly cut the conical pointed tip to form a flat portion 3 as shown in FIG. 2A so that the tip does not become too sharp. Lifetime and stable electron emission performance can be obtained. The cut length is preferably 1 mm or less, and 0.2 to 0.8 mm. If the cut length is too small, the stability is lacking, and if the cut length is too large, the arc characteristics are deteriorated. This cutting need not necessarily be performed by actually cutting, but may be performed by another method such as polishing. Further, the shape of the flat portion 3 may not be a flat shape, and may be formed as a convex curved surface 4 as shown in FIG. 2B, for example.

【0019】[0019]

【実施例】平均粒度2.7ミクロン、純度99.9%以
上のタングステン粉末に平均粒度1〜2ミクロンの硼化
ランタン粉末を添加し、乾式で充分混合した。添加する
硼化ランタンの量を表1に示す。得られた混合粉末を原
料として、放電プラズマ燒結法により燒結した。使用し
た燒結装置は、住友石炭鉱業株式会社製放電プラズマ燒
結機(商品名 DR.SINTERシリーズ)であっ
た。得られた燒結体から、直径3.2mmの丸棒を切り
出した。
EXAMPLES To a tungsten powder having an average particle size of 2.7 microns and a purity of 99.9% or more, a lanthanum boride powder having an average particle size of 1 to 2 microns was added and thoroughly mixed in a dry system. Table 1 shows the amount of lanthanum boride to be added. The obtained mixed powder was sintered as a raw material by a discharge plasma sintering method. The sintering apparatus used was a discharge plasma sintering machine (trade name: DR. SINTER series) manufactured by Sumitomo Coal Mining Co., Ltd. A round bar having a diameter of 3.2 mm was cut out from the obtained sintered body.

【0020】得られた丸棒の先端部を30度の円錐状に
研削加工し、その尖った先端を0.2mmの長さでカッ
トした。なお、表1には、組成、先端形状等が異なる比
較例を併せて記載した。
The tip of the obtained round bar was ground into a 30 ° conical shape, and the sharp tip was cut to a length of 0.2 mm. Table 1 also shows comparative examples having different compositions, tip shapes, and the like.

【0021】[0021]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0022】図1は、これらの電極材を用いて100時
間、300時間、700時間の連続点灯を行い、その消
耗量を測定した結果を示す。この点灯試験は、チャンバ
内で20気圧に加圧したアルゴン雰囲気中で上記先端部
を加工した丸棒からなる電極材を陰極とし、純タングス
テン材を陽極としてアーク距離2mm、12A定電圧に
て行った。
FIG. 1 shows the results obtained by performing continuous lighting for 100 hours, 300 hours, and 700 hours using these electrode materials and measuring the amount of consumption. This lighting test was performed in an argon atmosphere pressurized to 20 atm in a chamber, using an electrode material made of the round bar whose tip was processed as a cathode, a pure tungsten material as an anode, an arc distance of 2 mm, and a constant voltage of 12 A. Was.

【0023】表2は、上記と同一の材料を用いて、かつ
同一の条件下で20分点灯、5分間休止を1サイクルと
し、これを100回及び500回繰り返し、それぞれ1
秒以内に点弧した回数を測定したものである。同表に
は、比較例のデータも併記されている。
Table 2 shows that the same material was used under the same conditions under the same conditions for 20 minutes of lighting and 5 minutes of rest as one cycle, and this was repeated 100 times and 500 times, respectively.
It is a measure of the number of firings within seconds. In the same table, data of the comparative example is also shown.

【0024】[0024]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0025】[0025]

【発明の効果】以上に説明した如く、本発明によれば、
従来のトリエーテッドタングステン電極材以上の良好な
点弧性を有し、耐消耗性もきわめてすぐれたタングステ
ン系電極材を比較的容易に得ることができる。
As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to relatively easily obtain a tungsten-based electrode material having better ignition performance than conventional thoriated tungsten electrode material and extremely excellent wear resistance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】消耗試験結果を表すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing a result of a wear test.

【図2】電極材の好ましい先端形状を表す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a preferred tip shape of an electrode material.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 電極材 2 円錐状先端部 3 平坦部(先端カット部) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrode material 2 Conical tip 3 Flat part (tip cut part)

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 赤羽根 克芳 北海道深川市音江町字広里105番地の1 東邦金属株式会社深川工場内 (72)発明者 松野 隆 北海道深川市音江町字広里105番地の1 東邦金属株式会社深川工場内 (72)発明者 松本 裕夫 北海道深川市音江町字広里105番地の1 東邦金属株式会社深川工場内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Katsuyoshi Akane, 105-1, Hirosato, Otoe-cho, Fukagawa-shi, Hokkaido 1 Inside Toho Metal Co., Ltd. 105-1 in Toho Metal Co., Ltd. Fukagawa Plant (72) Inventor Hiroo Matsumoto 105-1, 1 Toho Metal Co., Ltd. in Fukagawa Plant

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 タングステンと硼素の化合物と、ランタ
ンと硼素の化合物を共に含有することを特徴とするタン
グステン系電極材。
1. A tungsten-based electrode material comprising both a compound of tungsten and boron and a compound of lanthanum and boron.
【請求項2】 タングステン粉末に硼化ランタンを全体
の10〜75vol.%の割合で添加した粉末を燒結し
て、タングステンと硼素の化合物及びランタンと硼素の
化合物が共存する電極材を得ることを特徴とするタング
ステン系電極材の製法。
2. Lanthanum boride is added to tungsten powder in an amount of 10 to 75 vol. %. A method for producing a tungsten-based electrode material, comprising sintering a powder added in a proportion of 10% to obtain an electrode material in which a compound of tungsten and boron and a compound of lanthanum and boron coexist.
【請求項3】 燒結を放電プラズマ燒結法で行う請求項
2に記載のタングステン電極材の製法。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the sintering is performed by a discharge plasma sintering method.
JP22563397A 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture Pending JPH1154086A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22563397A JPH1154086A (en) 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22563397A JPH1154086A (en) 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1154086A true JPH1154086A (en) 1999-02-26

Family

ID=16832372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP22563397A Pending JPH1154086A (en) 1997-08-06 1997-08-06 Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH1154086A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005228741A (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Nuflare Technology Inc High-luminance thermionic cathode
US7649319B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2010-01-19 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Ultra-high pressure mercury lamp
JP2010033825A (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-12 Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp Electrode, discharge lamp, method of manufacturing electrode
JP2010067428A (en) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-25 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd Electrode material for cold-cathode fluorescent lamp
JP2010073518A (en) * 2008-09-19 2010-04-02 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd Electrode material for cold-cathode fluorescent lamp

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005228741A (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Nuflare Technology Inc High-luminance thermionic cathode
US7649319B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2010-01-19 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Ultra-high pressure mercury lamp
JP2010033825A (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-02-12 Harison Toshiba Lighting Corp Electrode, discharge lamp, method of manufacturing electrode
JP2010067428A (en) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-25 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd Electrode material for cold-cathode fluorescent lamp
JP2010073518A (en) * 2008-09-19 2010-04-02 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd Electrode material for cold-cathode fluorescent lamp

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2912611A (en) Thermionic cathodes
US5911919A (en) Electron emission materials and components
US5774780A (en) Process for production of a shaped part
JP3665862B2 (en) Tungsten anode for discharge lamp
JP2007113104A (en) Tungsten electrode material
CN105340054B (en) Discharge lamp
JP3882093B2 (en) Tungsten electrode material and heat treatment method thereof
US6190579B1 (en) Electron emission materials and components
JP2851727B2 (en) Electrode for discharge lamp
JPH1154086A (en) Tungsten electrode material and its manufacture
JP5584093B2 (en) Cathode for short arc discharge lamp and method for producing the same
JP2001189145A (en) Gas discharge lamp
US6051165A (en) Electron emission materials and components
JP2011103240A (en) Tungsten electrode and discharge lamp using the same
JP5379863B2 (en) Discharge method
JPH09111388A (en) Tungsten electrode material and heat treatment therefor
JP2004355971A (en) Electrode for fluorescent lamp, its manufacturing method, and fluorescent lamp
US4265666A (en) Boron carbide La, Sr and/or Ba hexaboride ceramic material for a low temperature direct heating electric gun cathode
JPH11273618A (en) Discharge electrode material and its manufacture
JP2008004411A (en) Electron source
JPH0976092A (en) Material for tungsten electrode
JP3034703B2 (en) Method for producing electrode for discharge lamp
JP2001155679A (en) Gas discharge lamp
JP4368501B2 (en) Usage of electron emission cathode
JPH0691391A (en) Tungsten electrode material

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20040430

A521 Written amendment

Effective date: 20050203

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

RD03 Notification of appointment of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423

Effective date: 20050708

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20050728

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Effective date: 20050831

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

RD04 Notification of resignation of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424

Effective date: 20050926

A02 Decision of refusal

Effective date: 20060104

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02