JPH1151764A - Passive infrared detector - Google Patents
Passive infrared detectorInfo
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- JPH1151764A JPH1151764A JP9206130A JP20613097A JPH1151764A JP H1151764 A JPH1151764 A JP H1151764A JP 9206130 A JP9206130 A JP 9206130A JP 20613097 A JP20613097 A JP 20613097A JP H1151764 A JPH1151764 A JP H1151764A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- detection
- pair
- infrared
- detecting
- areas
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、設定された検知エ
リア内へ進入した人体などの物体を、そのエリア内から
放射される赤外線エネルギの変動によって検知する受動
型赤外線検知装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a passive infrared detecting apparatus for detecting an object such as a human body which has entered a set detection area by a change in infrared energy radiated from the area.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】受動型赤外線検知装置は、一般に光学系
によって赤外線検出素子に入射する赤外線のエリア（検
知エリア）を設定し、そのエリア内の物体から放射され
る赤外線を赤外線検出素子に集光するようにしておくと
ともに、その赤外線検出素子の出力に基づく検知エリア
内からの赤外線エネルギの変動量が所定のレベルを超え
たときに、検知エリア内への人体等の移動物体の進入を
検知するように構成され、自動ドアの開閉や防犯警報装
置の作動のための起動スイッチとして広く使用されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art In general, a passive infrared detection device sets an area (detection area) of infrared light incident on an infrared detection element by an optical system, and condenses infrared light radiated from an object in the area to the infrared detection element. When the variation of the infrared energy from the detection area based on the output of the infrared detection element exceeds a predetermined level, the detection of the entry of a moving object such as a human body into the detection area is detected. It is widely used as a start switch for opening and closing an automatic door and operating a security alarm device.
【０００３】また、この種の受動型赤外線検知装置で
は、強い風が吹く等に起因する検知エリアの背景温度の
変化、外来の電波ノイズまたは直射日光の照射などの外
乱光等による赤外線エネルギの変化を誤検知しないよう
に、２個一対の赤外線検出素子を備えた検出素子対が用
いられている。この検出素子対は、一対の赤外線検出素
子を互いに逆極性として並列または直列に接続して構成
されている。また、両赤外線検出素子に対応する２つの
検知エリアは、検出すべき移動物体が移動するであろう
と想定した方向に沿って並べて設定される。それによ
り、人体などの移動物体が２つの検知エリアを或る時間
差で横切って通過するのに対し、外乱光などによる背景
雑音は各検知エリアに同時に発生することを利用して、
背景雑音のみを二つのエリア間で互いに相殺して誤検知
を防止するようにしている。In this type of passive infrared detector, a change in the background temperature of the detection area due to a strong wind or the like, a change in infrared energy due to external radio noise or disturbance light such as irradiation of direct sunlight, etc. In order to prevent erroneous detection, a detection element pair having a pair of two infrared detection elements is used. This detection element pair is configured by connecting a pair of infrared detection elements in parallel or in series with opposite polarities. The two detection areas corresponding to the two infrared detection elements are set side by side along the direction in which the moving object to be detected is expected to move. Accordingly, while a moving object such as a human body passes across the two detection areas with a certain time difference, background noise due to disturbance light or the like is simultaneously generated in each detection area.
Only background noise is offset between the two areas to prevent erroneous detection.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記一
対の赤外線検出素子を備えた検出素子対は、物体が２つ
の検知エリアを順に横切るように移動した場合のみ物体
の検知が可能な検知方向性を有しているから、物体が２
つの検知エリアが並ぶ配置方向に対し直交方向に移動し
た場合、つまり、物体が２つのうちのいずれか一方の検
知エリアに沿って移動するか、或いは両検知エリアの間
の空間に沿って移動した場合には、検出素子対からの信
号が検出レベルよりも低い信号レベルで出力されるか、
或いは検出素子対から全く信号が出力されず、移動物体
を検知することができない。例えば、防犯用カメラを受
動型赤外線検知装置からの物体検知信号の出力により起
動して検知エリア内の状況を撮像記録する防犯カメラシ
ステムにおいては、一般に、防犯用カメラが建造物の出
入口に視野を向けて設置されるとともに、受動型赤外線
検知装置がカメラに一体に設けられ、光学系による多数
の検知エリアのうち、一対の検知エリアは出入口に向か
う方向に沿って設定されるが、この場合、カメラに向か
って移動する物体は、受動型赤外線検知装置から物体検
知信号が出力されないことから、撮影することができな
い。However, the detection element pair provided with the above-mentioned pair of infrared detection elements has a detection direction in which an object can be detected only when the object moves across two detection areas in order. Object has 2
When the two detection areas move in the direction orthogonal to the arrangement direction, that is, the object moves along one of the two detection areas, or moves along the space between the two detection areas. In this case, the signal from the detection element pair is output at a signal level lower than the detection level,
Alternatively, no signal is output from the detecting element pair, and the moving object cannot be detected. For example, in a security camera system that activates a security camera by outputting an object detection signal from a passive infrared detection device and captures and records the situation in the detection area, the security camera generally has a field of view at the entrance of a building. Along with being installed facing, a passive infrared detection device is provided integrally with the camera, and among a number of detection areas by the optical system, a pair of detection areas is set along a direction toward an entrance, in this case, An object moving toward the camera cannot be photographed because no object detection signal is output from the passive infrared detection device.
【０００５】また、上述の防犯カメラシステムでは、人
体が横を向いた状態や物陰に隠れた状態で撮影されるこ
ともあるから、物体を特定できる鮮明な静止画像を確実
に得ることを目的として、一般に所定領域内に進入した
同一物体に対して物体の移動に伴って複数回の撮影が行
われる。そのため、所定領域には、２つ一組とした複数
組の検知エリアが放射状の配置で設定される。この場
合、隣接する各二組の検知エリアを近接し過ぎた間隔で
配設すると、隣接する二組の検知エリアのうちの互いに
近接する２つの検知エリアからの放射赤外線は、互いに
逆極性に接続された２つの赤外線検出素子に入射されて
相殺されてしまうため、赤外線検出素子の信号レベルが
低くなって物体の判別が難しくなる。逆に、隣接する検
知エリアの間隔を大きく設定すると、この検知エリアの
間が物体を検知することのできない検知不能領域とな
る。Also, in the above security camera system, the human body may be photographed in a state where the human body is turned sideways or hidden in the shade, so that a clear still image that can identify the object is surely obtained. Generally, a plurality of shootings are performed on the same object that has entered a predetermined area as the object moves. Therefore, in the predetermined area, a plurality of sets of two detection areas are set in a radial arrangement. In this case, if two adjacent sets of detection areas are arranged at an interval too close to each other, radiated infrared rays from two adjacent detection areas of the two adjacent sets of detection areas are connected to polarities opposite to each other. Since the light enters the two infrared detecting elements and is canceled out, the signal level of the infrared detecting element becomes low, and it becomes difficult to determine the object. Conversely, if the interval between the adjacent detection areas is set to be large, the area between the detection areas becomes an undetectable area where an object cannot be detected.
【０００６】そこで本発明は、外乱光などによる背景雑
音による誤検知を防止する機能を備えながらも検知方向
性をほぼ無くして、何れの方向に移動する物体をも確実
に検知することのできる受動型赤外線検知装置を提供す
ることを目的とするものである。Accordingly, the present invention has a function of preventing erroneous detection due to background noise due to disturbance light or the like, but has almost no detection directionality, and can reliably detect an object moving in any direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a type infrared detecting device.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の受動型赤外線検知装置は、互いに逆の極性
をもつ一対の赤外線検出素子をそれぞれに備えた第１お
よび第２の検出素子対と、前記各赤外線検出素子に所定
の検知エリアを割り当て、その検知エリアからの赤外線
を前記赤外線検出素子に入射させる光学系とを備え、前
記第１の検出素子対に割り当てられた一対の第１の検知
エリアは、第１の方向に沿って並んでおり、前記第２の
検出素子対に割り当てられた一対の第２の検知エリア
は、前記第１の方向とほぼ直交する第２の方向に沿って
並んでおり、さらに、前記第１の検出素子対からの検知
信号と前記第２の検出素子対からの検知信号との論理和
から物体を検知する検知回路を備えた構成になってい
る。In order to achieve the above object, a passive infrared detecting apparatus according to the present invention comprises a first and a second detecting means each having a pair of infrared detecting elements having opposite polarities. An element pair, and a predetermined detection area is allocated to each of the infrared detection elements, and an optical system that causes infrared light from the detection area to enter the infrared detection element is provided. The first detection areas are arranged along a first direction, and a pair of second detection areas assigned to the second detection element pair includes a second detection area that is substantially orthogonal to the first direction. And a detection circuit for detecting an object from a logical sum of a detection signal from the first detection element pair and a detection signal from the second detection element pair. ing.
【０００８】第１の方向に沿って移動する物体は、第１
の検出素子対に割り当てられた一対の第１の検知エリア
を或る時間差で順に通過するので、第１の検出素子対か
らは、その一対の赤外線検出素子にそれぞれ発生する極
性が互いに逆の大きな信号レベルの検知信号が出力され
る。一方、上記の第１の方向とはほぼ直交する第２の方
向に沿って移動する物体は、第２の検出素子対に割り当
てられた一対の第２の検知エリアを或る時間差で順に通
過するので、第２の検出素子対からは、その一対の赤外
線検出素子にそれぞれ発生する極性が互いに逆の大きな
信号レベルの検知信号が出力される。The object moving along the first direction is the first object.
Sequentially pass through a pair of first detection areas assigned to the pair of detection elements with a certain time difference, so that the first detection element pair generates large polarities generated in the pair of infrared detection elements, which are opposite to each other. A signal level detection signal is output. On the other hand, the object moving along the second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction passes through the pair of second detection areas assigned to the second detection element pair in order with a certain time difference. Therefore, the second detection element pair outputs a detection signal of a large signal level in which the polarities generated in the pair of infrared detection elements are opposite to each other.
【０００９】上記の第１および第２の両検出素子対から
それぞれ出力する検知信号の論理和から物体を検知する
ので、物体がいずれの方向に移動した場合にも、この物
体を第１の検出素子対または第２の検出素子対のいずれ
か一方の検知信号によりほぼ確実に検知することがで
き、物体検知の信頼性が格段に向上する。しかも、検知
エリアの背景温度の変化や外乱光等による赤外線エネル
ギの変化は、第１および第２の検出素子対の各々の赤外
線検出素子に同時に検出されるので、各検出素子対にお
いて一対の赤外線検出素子間で互いに相殺され、いずれ
の検出素子対からも検知信号が誤出力されることがな
い。Since the object is detected from the logical sum of the detection signals output from the first and second detection element pairs, the object is detected by the first detection even if the object moves in any direction. Detection can be performed almost reliably by a detection signal of either the element pair or the second detection element pair, and the reliability of object detection is significantly improved. Moreover, a change in the infrared energy due to a change in the background temperature of the detection area, disturbance light, or the like is simultaneously detected by each of the first and second detection element pairs. The detection elements are canceled each other, and no detection signal is erroneously output from any of the detection element pairs.
【００１０】本発明において、前記第１の検知エリアは
放射状に複数設定されており、前記第２の検知エリア
が、隣接する前記第１の検知エリアの間に設定されてい
る構成とすることができる。In the present invention, a plurality of the first detection areas may be set radially, and the second detection area may be set between adjacent first detection areas. it can.
【００１１】これにより、それぞれ２つ一組とする第１
および第２の検知エリアの各々の配置方向は互いにほぼ
直交していることと、第１の検出素子対からの検知信号
と第２の検出素子対からの検知信号との論理和により物
体を検知こととにより、放射状に複数組設定された第１
の検知エリアにおける隣接する各間に、それぞれ第２の
検知エリアを第１の検知エリアに対し近接した配置で設
定しても、各検出素子対から出力される検知信号の信号
レベルにより物体を確実に検知することができる。その
ため、隣接する２つの検知エリアの間に物体の検知不能
領域が生じない。しかも、物体が第１の方向に沿って移
動した場合には、この物体が少なくとも２つ１組の第１
の検知エリアを横切ることから、第１の検出素子対によ
り検知できる。一方、物体が第２の方向に沿って移動し
た場合には、物体が２つ１組の第２の検知エリアを横切
ることから、第２の検出素子対により検知できる。した
がって、物体がいずれの方向に移動した場合にも、この
物体を第１または第２のいずれか一方の検出素子対によ
り確実に検知できる。As a result, each of the first and second pairs is formed as a pair.
An object is detected by the arrangement direction of each of the first and second detection areas being substantially orthogonal to each other, and a logical sum of a detection signal from the first detection element pair and a detection signal from the second detection element pair. Therefore, a plurality of radially set first sets are set.
Even if the second detection area is set close to the first detection area between each adjacent detection area, the object can be reliably detected by the signal level of the detection signal output from each detection element pair. Can be detected. Therefore, an undetectable area of an object does not occur between two adjacent detection areas. In addition, when the object moves along the first direction, the object is at least paired with the first set.
Crossing the detection area, the detection can be performed by the first detection element pair. On the other hand, when the object moves along the second direction, the object crosses the pair of second detection areas, and can be detected by the second detection element pair. Therefore, regardless of the direction in which the object moves, the object can be reliably detected by either the first or second detection element pair.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態
について図面を参照しながら詳述する。図１は本発明の
一実施形態に係る受動型赤外線検知装置を示す概略構成
図である。赤外線検出器１には、一対の赤外線検出素子
２ａ，２ｂ、３ａ，３ｂをそれぞれ備えた第１および第
２の検出素子対２，３が設けられている。一対の赤外線
検出素子２ａ，２ｂと３ａ，３ｂのそれぞれは、後述す
る回路構成のもとに互いに逆極性に接続されている。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a passive infrared detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The infrared detector 1 is provided with first and second detection element pairs 2 and 3 each having a pair of infrared detection elements 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b. Each of the pair of infrared detecting elements 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b is connected to opposite polarities under a circuit configuration described later.
【００１３】上記各赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ，３ａ，
３ｂには、光学系４によって所定の検知エリア７ａ，７
ｂ，８ａ，８ｂがそれぞれ複数割り当てられ、この各検
知エリア７ａ，７ｂ，８ａ，８ｂから放射される赤外線
エネルギが、光学系４により集光されて対応する各赤外
線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ，３ａ，３ｂのそれぞれに入射さ
れる。７ａ，７ｂ，８ａ，８ｂの符号が付された長方形
は、床面上の検知エリアを示す。各検出素子対２，３は
一つのケース内に収納され、光学系４がそのケースの外
壁の一部を形成している。Each of the infrared detecting elements 2a, 2b, 3a,
3b, predetermined detection areas 7a, 7
b, 8a, and 8b are respectively assigned, and infrared energy radiated from each of the detection areas 7a, 7b, 8a, and 8b is collected by the optical system 4 to correspond to each of the corresponding infrared detection elements 2a, 2b, 3a, and 2b. 3b. The rectangles denoted by reference numerals 7a, 7b, 8a, and 8b indicate detection areas on the floor. Each of the detection element pairs 2 and 3 is housed in one case, and the optical system 4 forms a part of the outer wall of the case.
【００１４】第１の検出素子対２における一対の赤外線
検出素子２ａ，２ｂに割り当てられた第１の検知エリア
７ａ，７ｂは、２つ一組として第１の方向Ｘに沿って並
んで配置されており、この実施形態では、五組を光学系
４を中心にして放射状に設定した場合を例示してある。
一方、第２の検出素子対３における一対の赤外線検出素
子３ａ，３ｂの検知エリア８ａ，８ｂは、同様に２つ一
組として、第１の方向Ｘとほぼ直交する第２の方向Ｙに
沿って並んだ配置で、各組の第１の検知エリア８ａ，８
ｂにそれぞれ近接して設定されており、この実施形態で
は、５組の第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂを設定した場合
を例示してある。The first detection areas 7a and 7b assigned to the pair of infrared detection elements 2a and 2b in the first detection element pair 2 are arranged side by side along the first direction X as a pair. In this embodiment, a case where five sets are set radially with the optical system 4 as the center is illustrated.
On the other hand, the detection areas 8a and 8b of the pair of infrared detection elements 3a and 3b in the second detection element pair 3 are similarly set in pairs along a second direction Y substantially orthogonal to the first direction X. The first detection areas 8a, 8
In this embodiment, a case where five sets of the second detection areas 8a and 8b are set is illustrated.
【００１５】各赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ，３ａ，３ｂ
にそれぞれ入射した赤外線光束により発生する信号は信
号処理部９により信号処理され、信号処理部９からは、
人体などの移動物体を検知したと判別したときに、例え
ば、自動ドアの開閉や防犯警報装置を起動させるための
作動信号Ｓ１、または防犯用カメラ１０に対し起動信号
Ｓ２を出力する。特に、この実施形態では、各赤外線検
出素子２ａ，２ｂ，３ａ，３ｂにそれぞれ５つずつ割り
当てられた検知エリア７ａ，７ｂ，８ａ，８ｂが放射状
の配置で設定されているから、防犯カメラ１０により複
数回の撮影を行うために同一の移動物体をその移動に伴
って複数回検知する必要がある撮像記録システムの物体
検知用に適している。Each infrared detecting element 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b
The signals generated by the infrared light fluxes incident on each of them are subjected to signal processing by a signal processing unit 9, and from the signal processing unit 9,
When it is determined that a moving object such as a human body is detected, for example, an activation signal S1 for opening or closing an automatic door or activating a security alarm device, or an activation signal S2 to the security camera 10 is output. In particular, in this embodiment, five detection areas 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b each assigned to each of the infrared detection elements 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are set in a radial arrangement. It is suitable for object detection of an imaging and recording system that needs to detect the same moving object a plurality of times in accordance with its movement in order to perform a plurality of shootings.
【００１６】図２は、上記受動型赤外線検知装置におけ
る信号処理部９を含む電気系のブロック構成図である。
第１の検出素子対２の一対の赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ
および第２の検出素子対３の一対の赤外線検出素子３
ａ，３ｂは、第１の信号処理回路１１および第２の信号
処理回路１２のそれぞれにおいて互いに逆極性に直列接
続されている。第１および第２の信号処理回路１１，１
２は同一の回路構成になっており、各信号処理回路１
１，１２において、一対の赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂま
たは３ａ，３ｂにそれぞれ入射した赤外線光束により発
生する電荷が、高抵抗値の入力抵抗Ｒ１を介して放電さ
れるとともに、電界効果トランジスタＦによりインピー
ダンス変換され、ソースフォロワ構成のもとに、この電
界効果トランジスタＦを介して直流電源＋Ｂに直列接続
された２個の増幅用抵抗Ｒ２，Ｒ３を通じて、増幅され
た信号として取り出される。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electric system including the signal processing section 9 in the passive infrared detection device.
A pair of infrared detecting elements 2a and 2b of the first detecting element pair 2
And a pair of infrared detecting elements 3 of the second detecting element pair 3
a and 3b are connected in series with opposite polarities in the first signal processing circuit 11 and the second signal processing circuit 12, respectively. First and second signal processing circuits 11, 1
2 have the same circuit configuration, and each signal processing circuit 1
At 1 and 12, the charges generated by the infrared light beams incident on the pair of infrared detecting elements 2a and 2b or 3a and 3b are discharged through the input resistor R1 having a high resistance value, and the impedance is changed by the field effect transistor F. The converted signal is extracted as an amplified signal through the field effect transistor F and the two amplifying resistors R2 and R3 connected in series to the DC power supply + B via the field effect transistor F.
【００１７】上記の第１および第２の信号処理回路１
１、１２のそれぞれからは、一対の赤外線検出素子２
ａ，２ｂ、３ａ，３ｂに発生した電荷が互いに逆極性の
もとに合計された信号が出力される。各信号処理回路１
１，１２の出力信号は、増幅回路１３，１４で増幅され
たのちに、比較回路からなるレベル検出回路１７，１８
に入力される。レベル検出回路１７，１８は、入力信号
の信号強度、すなわち赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ，３
ａ，３ｂに入射した赤外線光束の変動量に対応した信号
レベルを、検出レベル設定部１９，２０に設定された所
定の検出レベルと常時比較しており、入力信号レベルが
検出レベルを超えたときに、検知信号Ａ，Ｂを出力す
る。このレベル検出回路１７，１８のいずれか一方から
検知信号ＡまたはＢが出力されたときに、論理和回路よ
りなる検知回路２１から物体検出信号Ｃが出力される。
作動信号発生回路２２は、物体検出信号Ｃを受けて、防
犯カメラ１０の起動用或いは防犯警報機器または自動開
閉ドアの作動用の作動信号Ｄを出力する。The above-mentioned first and second signal processing circuits 1
1 and 12, a pair of infrared detecting elements 2
A signal is output in which the charges generated in a, 2b, 3a, and 3b are summed under the opposite polarities. Each signal processing circuit 1
After the output signals of the amplifiers 1 and 12 are amplified by the amplifier circuits 13 and 14, the level detection circuits 17 and 18 each composed of a comparison circuit.
Is input to The level detection circuits 17 and 18 determine the signal strength of the input signal, that is, the infrared detection elements 2a, 2b and 3
The signal level corresponding to the fluctuation amount of the infrared light beam incident on the a and 3b is constantly compared with a predetermined detection level set in the detection level setting units 19 and 20, and when the input signal level exceeds the detection level. Then, detection signals A and B are output. When the detection signal A or B is output from one of the level detection circuits 17 and 18, the object detection signal C is output from the detection circuit 21 composed of an OR circuit.
The operation signal generation circuit 22 receives the object detection signal C and outputs an operation signal D for starting the security camera 10 or for operating a security alarm device or an automatic door.
【００１８】つぎに、上記受動型赤外線検知装置の動作
について、図３のタイミングチャートを参照しながら説
明する。いま、物体が図１の第１の方向Ｘに沿って移動
して、二組の第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂを順次横切っ
て通過した場合、この物体は計４つの第１の検知エリア
７ａ，７ｂを或る時間差をもって通過するので、第１の
信号処理回路１１からは、図３（ａ）に示すように、一
対の赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂに入射した赤外線光束に
より発生した極性が交互に逆の電荷による大きなレベル
の信号が出力され、この出力信号は、図３（ａ）に２点
鎖線で示す正，負の検出レベルＬ１，Ｌ２をそれぞれ超
えるので、レベル検出回路１７からは、図３（ｂ）に示
すような検知信号Ａが出力される。Next, the operation of the passive infrared detecting device will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. Now, when the object moves along the first direction X in FIG. 1 and sequentially passes through two sets of the first detection areas 7a and 7b, the object is moved to a total of four first detection areas 7a. , 7b with a certain time difference, the first signal processing circuit 11 alternately outputs the polarity generated by the infrared light flux incident on the pair of infrared detection elements 2a, 2b as shown in FIG. The output signal exceeds the positive and negative detection levels L1 and L2 indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3A, respectively. The detection signal A as shown in FIG. 3B is output.
【００１９】続いて、物体が図１の第２の方向Ｙに沿っ
て移動して、二つの第１の検知エリア７ａ ，７ｂの間
を通って二つの第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂを順次横切
って通過した場合、この物体は２つの第２の検知エリア
８ａ，８ｂを或る時間差をもって通過するので、第２の
信号処理回路１２からは、図３（ｃ）に示すように、一
対の赤外線検出素子３ａ，３ｂに入射した赤外線光束に
より発生した極性が交互に逆の電荷による大きなレベル
の信号が出力され、この出力信号は、図３（ｃ）に２点
鎖線で示す正，負の検出レベルＬ１，Ｌ２をそれぞれ超
えるので、レベル検出回路１８からは、図３（ｄ）に示
すような検知信号Ｂが出力される。Subsequently, the object moves along the second direction Y in FIG. 1 and sequentially passes through the two first detection areas 7a and 7b to form the two second detection areas 8a and 8b. When the object passes across, the object passes through the two second detection areas 8a and 8b with a certain time difference. Therefore, from the second signal processing circuit 12, as shown in FIG. A large-level signal is generated by charges having alternately opposite polarities generated by the infrared light beams incident on the infrared detecting elements 3a and 3b. The output signal is a positive and negative signal indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Since the detection levels exceed the detection levels L1 and L2, the level detection circuit 18 outputs a detection signal B as shown in FIG.
【００２０】論理和回路２１は、両レベル検出回路１
７，１８からそれぞれ出力する検知信号Ａ，Ｂの論理和
をとって、図３（ｅ）に示すように、物体検出信号Ｃを
出力し、作動信号発生回路２２からは、図３（ｆ）に示
すように、物体検出信号Ｃの入力に基づいて作動信号Ｄ
を出力する。したがって、物体がいずれの方向に移動し
た場合にも、この物体は、第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂ
および第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂのうちの少なくとも
一方の二つ一組を横切ることになり、各検出素子対２，
３のいずれか一方に基づく検知信号ＡまたはＢにより物
体を確実に検知することができる。The OR circuit 21 is a two-level detection circuit 1
The detection signals A and B respectively output from the gates 7 and 18 are ORed to output an object detection signal C as shown in FIG. 3E, and the operation signal generation circuit 22 outputs the object detection signal C as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the operation signal D based on the input of the object detection signal C
Is output. Therefore, regardless of the direction in which the object is moved, the object is moved to the first detection areas 7a and 7b.
And at least one of the second detection areas 8a and 8b, and crosses each pair of detection elements.
The object can be reliably detected by the detection signal A or B based on any one of the three.
【００２１】また、検知エリア７ａ，７ｂ、８ａ，８ｂ
の背景温度の変化や外乱光などによる赤外線エネルギの
変化は、全ての検知エリア７ａ，７ｂ、８ａ，８ｂに同
時に発生するので、この背景雑音などは各検出素子対
７，８における一対の赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ間およ
び３ａ，３ｂ間でそれぞれ互いに相殺され、いずれの検
出素子対２，３からも信号が出力されない。The detection areas 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
The change in the background energy and the change in the infrared energy due to disturbance light occur simultaneously in all the detection areas 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b. The elements 2a and 2b and the elements 3a and 3b cancel each other, and no signal is output from any of the detection element pairs 2 and 3.
【００２２】図４（ａ）は赤外線検出素子の他の配置例
を示す斜視図である。第１の検出素子対２３は縦長の一
対の赤外線検出素子２３ａ，２３ｂを互いに平行に配置
して構成されており、第２の検出素子対２４は、同じく
縦長の一対の赤外線検出素子２４ａ，２４ｂを、前記赤
外線検出素子２３ａ，２３ｂに対し直交して互いに平行
に位置し、かつ各々の両端部分が赤外線検出素子２３
ａ，２３ｂの両端部分に重なるように配置して構成され
ている。各赤外線検出素子２３ａ，２３ｂ，２４ａ，１
４ｂは、いずれも焦電フィルムなどを主体として構成さ
れた光透過性の素子であって、赤外線入射方向に対し後
方側の赤外線検出素子２３ａ、２３ｂにも支障なく赤外
線が入射する。これらの素子は図２と同様の回路構成の
もとに、第１および第２の検出素子対２３，２４の各々
の一対の赤外線検出素子２３ａ，２３ｂ、２４ａ，２４
ｂが互いに逆極性に接続される。この両検出素子対２
３，２４がケースに収納されて赤外線検出器が構成され
る。FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing another arrangement example of the infrared detecting element. The first detection element pair 23 is configured by arranging a pair of vertically long infrared detection elements 23a and 23b in parallel with each other, and the second detection element pair 24 is formed of a pair of vertically long infrared detection elements 24a and 24b. Are positioned orthogonal to and parallel to the infrared detecting elements 23a and 23b, and both ends of the infrared detecting elements 23a and 23b are
a and 23b are arranged so as to overlap both end portions. Each infrared detecting element 23a, 23b, 24a, 1
Numeral 4b denotes a light-transmitting element mainly composed of a pyroelectric film or the like, and infrared rays enter the infrared detecting elements 23a and 23b on the rear side with respect to the incident direction of the infrared rays without any trouble. These elements have a circuit configuration similar to that of FIG. 2 and a pair of infrared detecting elements 23a, 23b, 24a, 24 of the first and second detecting element pairs 23, 24, respectively.
b are connected to opposite polarities. These two detection element pairs 2
Infrared detectors are configured by housing 3, 24 in a case.
【００２３】図４（ｂ）は、各赤外線検出素子２３ａ，
２３ｂ，２４ａ，２４ｂに対し単一の光学系により割り
当てられた検知エリア２７ａ，２７ｂ、２８ａ，２８ｂ
を示し、第１の検出素子対２３の一対の赤外線検出素子
素子２３ａ，２３ｂに割り当てられた第１検知エリア２
７ａ，２７ｂは、第１の方向Ｘに沿って並んだ配置とさ
れ、第２の検出素子対２４の一対の赤外線検出素子２４
ａ，２４ｂに割り当てられた第２の検知エリア２８ａ，
２８ｂは、第１の方向にほぼ直交する第２の方向Ｙに沿
って並んだ配置とされている。なお、（ｂ）に示した一
組の検知エリア２７ａ，２７ｂ、２８ａ，２８ｂは、単
一の光学系によって、図１に示したと同様の放射状の配
置で複数設定されている。また、信号処理するための電
気系は図２と同様に構成される。FIG. 4B shows each infrared detecting element 23a,
Detection areas 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b allocated by a single optical system to 23b, 24a, 24b
And a first detection area 2 assigned to a pair of infrared detection element elements 23a and 23b of the first detection element pair 23.
7a, 27b are arranged along the first direction X, and a pair of infrared detection elements 24 of the second detection element pair 24 are arranged.
a, 24b assigned to the second detection area 28a,
28b are arranged along a second direction Y substantially orthogonal to the first direction. Note that a plurality of sets of detection areas 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b shown in (b) are set by a single optical system in a radial arrangement similar to that shown in FIG. An electric system for signal processing is configured in the same manner as in FIG.
【００２４】いま、（ｂ）に示す第１の方向Ｘに沿って
物体が移動した場合、この物体が２つの第１の検知エリ
ア２７ａ，２７ｂを或る時間差をもって横切るように通
過するので、第１の検出素子対２３からは、図５（ａ）
に示すように、２点鎖線で示す正負の検出レベルＬ１，
Ｌ２をそれぞれ超える信号レベルの信号が出力される。
このとき、近接する第２の検知エリア２８ａ，２８ｂか
ら放射する赤外線光束は少ないうえに、この赤外線光束
が赤外線検出素子２４ａ，２４ｂに入射して互いに相殺
されるから、第２の検出素子対２４の出力信号は、図５
（ｂ）に示すように、ほぼ０である。Now, when an object moves along the first direction X shown in (b), the object passes across the two first detection areas 27a and 27b with a certain time difference. As shown in FIG.
, The positive and negative detection levels L1,
A signal having a signal level exceeding L2 is output.
At this time, the amount of infrared light emitted from the adjacent second detection areas 28a and 28b is small, and the infrared light is incident on the infrared detection elements 24a and 24b and cancels each other. The output signal of FIG.
As shown in (b), it is almost zero.
【００２５】つぎに、（ｂ）に矢印で示す第２の方向Ｙ
に沿って物体が移動した場合、この物体が２つの第１の
検知エリア２７，２７ｂの間を通りながら２つの第２の
検知エリア２８ａ，２８ｂを或る時間差をもって横切る
ように通過するので、第２の検出素子対２４からは、図
５（ｂ）に示すように、２点鎖線で示す正負の検出レベ
ルＬ１，Ｌ２をそれぞれ超える信号レベルの信号が出力
される。このときも、第１の検知エリア２７ａ，２７ｂ
から放射する赤外線光束が極めて少ないとともに、この
赤外線光束が赤外線検出素子２３ａ，２３ｂに入射して
互いに相殺されるから、第１の検出素子対２３の出力信
号は、図５（ａ）に示すように、ほぼ０である。Next, a second direction Y indicated by an arrow in FIG.
When the object moves along, the object passes across the two second detection areas 28a and 28b with a certain time difference while passing between the two first detection areas 27 and 27b. As shown in FIG. 5B, the two detection element pairs 24 output signals having signal levels exceeding the positive and negative detection levels L1 and L2 indicated by two-dot chain lines. Also at this time, the first detection areas 27a and 27b
5A, the output signal of the first detection element pair 23 is as shown in FIG. 5A because the infrared light flux emitted from the first detection element pair 23 is extremely small, and this infrared light flux is incident on the infrared detection elements 23a and 23b and cancels each other. Is almost zero.
【００２６】図６は、本発明の他の実施形態に係る受動
型赤外線検知装置を示す概略構成図であり、図１と同一
若しくは同等のものには同一の符号を付してその説明を
省略する。各一対の赤外線検出素子２ａ，２ｂ、３ａ，
３ｂは、図２と同様の回路構成のもとに互いに逆極性に
接続されている。この実施形態では、光学系４によっ
て、図１と同様に、２つの第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂ
が第１の方向Ｘに沿って並べて一組とされており、その
５組が光学系４を中心とする放射状に配置されている。
他方、光学系４によって、第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂ
が第２の方向Ｙに沿って並べて一組とされ、各組が隣接
する２組の第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂの間に配置され
て、計４組が設定されている。５組の第１の検知エリア
７ａ，７ｂからの放射赤外線は、光学系４により集光さ
れて第１の検出素子対２の一対の赤外線検出素子２ａ，
２ｂにそれぞれ入射され、４組の第２の検知エリア８
ａ，８ｂからの放射赤外線は、光学系４により集光され
て第２の検出素子対３の一対の赤外線検出素子３ａ，３
ｂにそれぞれ入射される。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a passive infrared detector according to another embodiment of the present invention. I do. Each pair of infrared detecting elements 2a, 2b, 3a,
3b are connected in opposite polarities under the same circuit configuration as in FIG. In this embodiment, two first detection areas 7a and 7b are provided by the optical system 4 as in FIG.
Are arranged side by side along the first direction X to form a set, and five sets are radially arranged with the optical system 4 as a center.
On the other hand, by the optical system 4, the second detection areas 8a and 8b
Are arranged along the second direction Y to form one set, and each set is disposed between two adjacent first detection areas 7a and 7b, so that a total of four sets are set. Infrared rays emitted from the five pairs of first detection areas 7a and 7b are condensed by the optical system 4 and a pair of infrared detection elements 2a, 2a,
2b, and four sets of second detection areas 8
Infrared rays emitted from the first and second detector elements 3a and 3b are collected by the optical system 4 and the pair of infrared detector elements 3a and 3b of the second detector element pair 3.
b.
【００２７】この光学的構成を備えた受動型赤外線検知
装置は、図１および図２の一実施形態の装置と同様に、
第１の方向Ｘへ移動して第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂを
横切る物体を第１の検出素子対２で検知するとともに、
第２の方向Ｙへ移動して第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂを
横切る物体を第２の検出素子対３で検知し、いずれの方
向へ移動する物体をも確実に検知できる。それに加え
て、それぞれ２つ一組とする第１の検知エリア７ａ，７
ｂと第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂの各々の配置方向が互
いにほぼ直交しているとともに、第１の検出素子対２の
検知信号と第２の検出素子対８の検知信号との論理和に
より物体を検知するため、第２の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂ
を第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂに対し近接した配置で設
定しても、第１の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂ同士または第２
の検知エリア８ａ，８ｂ同士を近接させる場合とは異な
り、物体検知信号の相殺が生じないので、両検出素子対
２，３から出力される検知信号の信号レベルにより物体
を確実に検知することができる。そのため、隣接する２
種の検知エリア７ａ，７ｂと８ａ，８ｂの間に物体の検
知不能領域が生じない利点がある。A passive infrared detecting device having this optical configuration is similar to the device of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
An object that moves in the first direction X and crosses the first detection areas 7a and 7b is detected by the first detection element pair 2, and
The object that moves in the second direction Y and crosses the second detection areas 8a and 8b is detected by the second detection element pair 3, and the object that moves in any direction can be reliably detected. In addition, the first detection areas 7a, 7 each being a pair
b and the arrangement directions of the second detection areas 8a and 8b are substantially orthogonal to each other, and the logical sum of the detection signal of the first detection element pair 2 and the detection signal of the second detection element pair 8 is obtained. In order to detect an object, the second detection areas 8a and 8b
Is set close to the first detection areas 7a and 7b, the first detection areas 7a and 7b or the second
Unlike the case where the detection areas 8a and 8b are close to each other, the object detection signals do not cancel each other, so that the object can be reliably detected based on the signal levels of the detection signals output from the two detection element pairs 2 and 3. it can. Therefore, two adjacent
There is an advantage that an undetectable area of the object does not occur between the seed detection areas 7a, 7b and 8a, 8b.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の受動型赤外線検知
装置によれば、第１の方向に沿って移動する物体を第１
の検出素子対における一対の赤外線検出素子により検知
でき、第１の方向とはほぼ直交する第２の方向に沿って
移動する物体は、第２の検出素子対における一対の赤外
線検出素子により検知でき、この第１および第２の両検
出素子対からそれぞれ出力する検知信号の論理和から物
体を検知するので、物体がいずれの方向に移動した場合
にも、この物体を第１の検出素子対または第２の検出素
子対のいずれか一方によりほぼ確実に検知することがで
き、物体検知の信頼性が格段に向上する。しかも、背景
雑音などは、第１および第２の検出素子対における各一
対の赤外線検出素子間でそれぞれ相殺でき、検知信号の
誤出力を確実に防止できる。As described above, according to the passive infrared detecting device of the present invention, the object moving along the first direction is moved to the first direction.
Can be detected by a pair of infrared detecting elements in the pair of detecting elements, and an object moving along a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction can be detected by a pair of infrared detecting elements in the second detecting element pair. Since the object is detected from the logical sum of the detection signals respectively output from the first and second detection element pairs, the object is detected by the first detection element pair or Detection can be performed almost reliably by one of the second detection element pairs, and the reliability of object detection is significantly improved. In addition, background noise and the like can be canceled out between each pair of infrared detecting elements in the first and second detecting element pairs, and erroneous detection signal output can be reliably prevented.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る受動型赤外線検知装
置を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a passive infrared detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同上装置の電気回路のブロック構成図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of the device.
【図３】同上装置の信号波形図である。FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram of the above device.
【図４】（ａ）は同上装置における赤外線検出素子の他
の配置例を示す斜視図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の赤外線検出素
子に割り当てられた検知エリアの配置を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 4A is a perspective view showing another example of the arrangement of the infrared detection elements in the above device, and FIG. 4B is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of detection areas assigned to the infrared detection elements in FIG.
【図５】同上の赤外線検出素子を備えた受動型赤外線検
知装置の信号波形図である。FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of the passive infrared detection device having the infrared detection element according to the first embodiment.
【図６】本発明の他の実施形態に係る受動型赤外線検知
装置を示す概略構成図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a passive infrared detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
２，２３…第１の検出素子対、２ａ，２ｂ，２３ａ，２
３ｂ…第１の検出素子対の赤外線検出素子、３ａ，３
ｂ，２４ａ，２４ｂ…第２の検出素子対の赤外線検出素
子、４…光学系、７ａ，７ｂ，２７ａ，２７ｂ…第１の
検知エリア、８ａ，８ｂ，２８ａ，２８ｂ…第２の検知
エリア、２１…論理和回路（検知回路）、Ｘ…第１の方
向、Ｙ…第２の方向。2, 23 ... first detection element pair, 2a, 2b, 23a, 2
3b: infrared detecting element of the first detecting element pair, 3a, 3
b, 24a, 24b: infrared detecting element of the second detecting element pair, 4: optical system, 7a, 7b, 27a, 27b: first detecting area, 8a, 8b, 28a, 28b: second detecting area, 21: OR circuit (detection circuit), X: first direction, Y: second direction.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 松本 康彦 滋賀県大津市におの浜４丁目７番５号 オ プテックス株式会社内 (72)発明者 牧野 弘 滋賀県大津市におの浜４丁目７番５号 オ プテックス株式会社内 (72)発明者 大橋 孝浩 滋賀県大津市におの浜４丁目７番５号 オ プテックス株式会社内 (72)発明者 林 明彦 滋賀県大津市におの浜４丁目７番５号 オ プテックス株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasuhiko Matsumoto 4-7-5 Onohama, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture Within Optex Corporation (72) Inventor Hiroshi Makino 4-7-5 Onohama, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture Optex (72) Inventor Takahiro Ohashi 4-7-5 Nonohama, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture Within Optex Corporation (72) Inventor Akihiko Hayashi 4-7-5, Oninohama, Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture Optex Corporation
Claims (2)
素子をそれぞれに備えた第１および第２の検出素子対
と、 前記各赤外線検出素子に所定の検知エリアを割り当て、
その検知エリアからの赤外線を前記赤外線検出素子に入
射させる光学系とを備え、 前記第１の検出素子対に割り当てられた一対の第１の検
知エリアは、第１の方向に沿って並んでおり、 前記第２の検出素子対に割り当てられた一対の第２の検
知エリアは、前記第１の方向とほぼ直交する第２の方向
に沿って並んでおり、 さらに、前記第１の検出素子対からの検知信号と前記第
２の検出素子対からの検知信号との論理和から物体を検
知する検知回路を備えた受動型赤外線検知装置。A first detection element pair provided with a pair of infrared detection elements having polarities opposite to each other, and a predetermined detection area assigned to each of the infrared detection elements;
An optical system for causing infrared light from the detection area to be incident on the infrared detection element, wherein a pair of first detection areas assigned to the first detection element pair are arranged in a first direction. A pair of second detection areas assigned to the second detection element pair are arranged along a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction, and further, the first detection element pair And a detection circuit for detecting an object based on a logical sum of a detection signal from the second detection element pair and a detection signal from the second detection element pair.
アは放射状に複数設定されており、前記第２の検知エリ
アが隣接する前記第１の検知エリアの間に設定されてい
る受動型赤外線検知装置。2. The passive infrared ray according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said first detection areas are set radially, and said second detection area is set between adjacent first detection areas. Detection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20613097A JP3743832B2 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | Passive infrared detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20613097A JP3743832B2 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | Passive infrared detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1151764A true JPH1151764A (en) | 1999-02-26 |
| JP3743832B2 JP3743832B2 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
Family
ID=16518289
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20613097A Expired - Fee Related JP3743832B2 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | Passive infrared detector |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3743832B2 (en) |
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| US20090305635A1 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2009-12-10 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Packaging material with electromagnetic coupling module |
| US20100019903A1 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-01-28 | Atsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Passive infrared detector |
| WO2010035624A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-01 | 株式会社 東芝 | Solid-state imaging element |
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1997
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101087074B1 (en) | 2004-06-11 | 2011-11-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Apparatus for muting first stage detection signal in passive infra red sensor |
| US20090305635A1 (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2009-12-10 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Packaging material with electromagnetic coupling module |
| US20100019903A1 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-01-28 | Atsumi Electric Co., Ltd. | Passive infrared detector |
| WO2010035624A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-01 | 株式会社 東芝 | Solid-state imaging element |
| JP2010078423A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-08 | Toshiba Corp | Solid-state imaging element |
| US8212214B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2012-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Solid-state imaging element |
| JP2011252869A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-12-15 | Nec Tokin Corp | Pyroelectric element and pyroelectric type infrared sensor |
| JP2013210306A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-10 | Secom Co Ltd | Human body detector |
| CN104077871A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 四川仪岛科技有限公司 | Displacement-recognition passive curtain infrared probe and control method thereof |
| CN113612940A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-05 | 浙江焜腾红外科技有限公司 | Night vision infrared thermal imager |
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