JPH11329472A - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Fuel cell system

Info

Publication number
JPH11329472A
JPH11329472A JP10124788A JP12478898A JPH11329472A JP H11329472 A JPH11329472 A JP H11329472A JP 10124788 A JP10124788 A JP 10124788A JP 12478898 A JP12478898 A JP 12478898A JP H11329472 A JPH11329472 A JP H11329472A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
fuel cell
flow path
gas
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP10124788A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3629949B2 (en
Inventor
Masatoshi Iio
雅俊 飯尾
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP12478898A priority Critical patent/JP3629949B2/en
Publication of JPH11329472A publication Critical patent/JPH11329472A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3629949B2 publication Critical patent/JP3629949B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell system, capable of eliminating poisoning of an electrode catalyst by using a small-sized, practical device. SOLUTION: In normal operation, high-purity hydrogen is separated from part of a reformed gas made by a reformer 2 by using a hydrogen separation film 14 and stored in a tank 15, power generated by a fuel cell is compared with a previously memorized reference value, and, when a drop from the reference value is more than a fixed value, deterioration of an electrode catalyst is judged to have happened, the amount of power generated is reduced, and poisoning eliminating operation is performed by using the high-purity hydrogen only. When degradation of the electrode catalyst of the fuel cell has occurred, the degradation can be eliminated by surely performing the poisoning eliminating operation. Because the amount of hydrogen separated from the refined gas and stored is far smaller than the whole amount of the reformed gas, a small- sized one is enough for the hydrogen separation film for separating high-purity hydrogen, and therefore this system is practicable in terms of volume and cost.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は燃料電池システム
に関し、特に改質ガス中に含まれる一酸化炭素による電
極触媒の被毒を解消する技術に関する。[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly to a technique for eliminating poisoning of an electrode catalyst by carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の燃料電池システムとしては、例え
ば特開昭６３−２３２２７２号公報や特開平８−３１４
４２号公報に記載されているものがある。燃料電池に供
給する水素ガスは、水素ボンベや水素貯蔵合金等に蓄え
た水素を用いる場合もあるが、改質器（触媒）を用いて
メタノールから水素リッチな改質ガスを生成し、それを
水素ガスとして用いる場合がある。しかし、メタノール
から改質する際の反応では、水素の他に一酸化炭素も発
生するので、改質ガスには一酸化炭素が含まれることに
なる。この一酸化炭素は、燃料電池の燃料極側の電極触
媒である白金や白金を含む合金に吸着されて、触媒とし
ての機能を低下させる状態、いわゆる触媒の被毒状態を
発生させる。例えば、固体高分子型の燃料電池は、通常
１００℃前後で運転されるため、改質ガス中に含まれる
一酸化炭素による電極触媒の被毒を生じさせないために
は、一酸化炭素濃度が１０ｐｐｍ以下であることが望ま
しい。しかしながら、改質ガス中の一酸化炭素を選択酸
化等により低減する場合、１００ｐｐｍ以下にするため
には、除去装置が大型となって車両等への搭載に適さな
くなったり、一酸化炭素と同時に酸化される水素の量が
増加して、同じ原料から得ることができる水素量が実質
的に低下する、という問題が生じる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventional fuel cell systems are disclosed in, for example, JP-A-63-232272 and JP-A-8-314.
No. 42 is disclosed. Hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel cell may use hydrogen stored in a hydrogen cylinder, a hydrogen storage alloy, or the like, but a reformer (catalyst) is used to generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from methanol, It may be used as hydrogen gas. However, in the reaction of reforming from methanol, carbon monoxide is also generated in addition to hydrogen, so that the reformed gas contains carbon monoxide. This carbon monoxide is adsorbed by platinum or an alloy containing platinum, which is an electrode catalyst on the fuel electrode side of the fuel cell, and generates a state of deteriorating the function as a catalyst, that is, a so-called poisoned state of the catalyst. For example, since a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is usually operated at about 100 ° C., in order to prevent poisoning of the electrode catalyst by carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas, the carbon monoxide concentration is 10 ppm. It is desirable that: However, when reducing carbon monoxide in the reformed gas by selective oxidation or the like, in order to reduce the carbon monoxide to 100 ppm or less, the removal device becomes large and becomes unsuitable for mounting on a vehicle or the like. The problem is that the amount of hydrogen that is produced increases and the amount of hydrogen that can be obtained from the same raw material substantially decreases.

【０００３】上記のように１００ｐｐｍを超えるような
一酸化炭素濃度の改質ガスを、固体高分子型燃料電池に
供給して発電していると、徐々に被毒による性能低下が
生じ、発電量が低下する。前記特開昭６３−２３２２７
２号公報に記載されている発明においては、一酸化炭素
濃度を検出するセンサを設け、一酸化炭素濃度が高くな
ると燃料電池の温度を上げることにより、燃料電池の許
容し得る一酸化濃度を高めるて被毒対策としている。ま
た、前記の特開平８−３１４４２号公報に記載されてい
る発明においては、温度センサで被毒状態を検知し、触
媒が被毒状態にあると判定した時点で、一酸化炭素濃度
の比較的低い改質ガスを燃料電池内に流すことにより、
被毒を解消するように構成している。[0003] As described above, when a reformed gas having a carbon monoxide concentration exceeding 100 ppm is supplied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate power, the performance gradually decreases due to poisoning, and the power generation amount is reduced. Decrease. JP-A-63-23227
In the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2 (1995), a sensor for detecting the concentration of carbon monoxide is provided, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide becomes high, the temperature of the fuel cell is raised to increase the allowable concentration of monoxide of the fuel cell. To prevent poisoning. Further, in the invention described in JP-A-8-31442, when the poisoning state is detected by the temperature sensor and the catalyst is determined to be in the poisoning state, the carbon monoxide concentration becomes relatively low. By flowing low reformed gas into the fuel cell,
It is configured to eliminate poisoning.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように改質ガス
を用いる燃料電池においては、改質ガスに含まれる一酸
化炭素によって電極触媒が被毒して発電性能が劣化する
という問題があり、また、改質ガス中の一酸化炭素を十
分に除去するためには除去装置が大型となって車両等へ
の搭載に適さなくなったり、一酸化炭素と同時に酸化さ
れる水素の量が増加して、同じ原料から得ることができ
る水素量が実質的に低下する、という問題があり、前記
のように種々の方策が考えられているが、必ずしも十分
な効果が得られなかった。As described above, in the fuel cell using the reformed gas, there is a problem that the electrode catalyst is poisoned by carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas and the power generation performance is deteriorated. In addition, in order to sufficiently remove carbon monoxide in the reformed gas, the removal device becomes large and becomes unsuitable for mounting on vehicles, or the amount of hydrogen oxidized simultaneously with carbon monoxide increases. However, there is a problem that the amount of hydrogen obtainable from the same raw material is substantially reduced, and various measures have been considered as described above, but a sufficient effect has not always been obtained.

【０００５】本発明は上記のごとき従来技術の問題を解
決するためになされたものであり、小型で実用に適した
装置を用いて電極触媒の被毒を解消することのできる燃
料電池システムを提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and provides a fuel cell system capable of eliminating the poisoning of the electrode catalyst by using a small and practically suitable device. The purpose is to do.

【０００６】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め、本発明においては特許請求の範囲に記載するように
構成している。すなわち、請求項１に記載の発明におい
ては、通常運転時に改質ガスの一部から高純度の水素を
分離貯蔵しておき、燃料電池の発生電力を予め記憶して
ある基準の値と比較し、基準値からの低下が所定値以上
の時には、電極触媒の劣化が生じたものと判断して、発
電量を小さくし、高純度の水素のみで被毒解消運転を行
なうように構成している。そのため、電極触媒の劣化が
生じた際には確実に被毒解消運転を行なって劣化を解消
することが出来る。また、改質ガスから分離貯蔵する水
素量は、改質ガス全体の量に比して大幅に少ないので、
高純度の水素を分離するための水素分離膜が小型で済
み、したがって容積的にもコスト的にも実用可能であ
る。なお、運転中に発電量を小さくした場合に不足する
電力は、例えばバックアップ用の二次電池から一時的に
供給する。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as described in the appended claims. That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, during normal operation, high-purity hydrogen is separated and stored from a part of the reformed gas, and the generated power of the fuel cell is compared with a reference value stored in advance. When the decrease from the reference value is equal to or more than a predetermined value, it is determined that the electrode catalyst has deteriorated, the power generation amount is reduced, and the poisoning elimination operation is performed only with high-purity hydrogen. . Therefore, when the electrode catalyst is deteriorated, the poisoning elimination operation can be reliably performed to eliminate the deterioration. Also, since the amount of hydrogen separated and stored from the reformed gas is significantly smaller than the amount of the entire reformed gas,
The size of the hydrogen separation membrane for separating high-purity hydrogen is small, so that it is practically usable in terms of both volume and cost. Insufficient power when the amount of power generation is reduced during operation is temporarily supplied from, for example, a backup secondary battery.

【０００７】また、請求項２に記載の発明においては、
燃料電池における発電量が０または非常に小さい時に、
被毒解消運転を行なうように構成している。そのため少
量の水素で長時間にわたって燃料電池を高純度の水素に
晒すさらすことができ、被毒解消効果を高めることがで
きる。Further, in the invention according to claim 2,
When the power generation in the fuel cell is 0 or very small,
The poison elimination operation is configured to be performed. Therefore, the fuel cell can be exposed to high-purity hydrogen for a long time with a small amount of hydrogen, and the effect of eliminating poisoning can be enhanced.

【０００８】また、請求項３に記載の発明においては、
燃料電池が発電を停止した後に、燃料電池内を高純度の
水素で満たすように構成している。そのため被毒除去が
長時間かけて十分に行なうことが出来る。また、燃料電
池内に水素ガスの残圧を残すことにより、活性を高め、
被毒回復効果を高めることができる。Further, in the invention according to claim 3,
After the fuel cell stops generating power, the inside of the fuel cell is filled with high-purity hydrogen. Therefore, the poisoning can be sufficiently removed over a long period of time. Also, by leaving the residual pressure of hydrogen gas in the fuel cell, the activity is enhanced,
Poisoning recovery effect can be enhanced.

【０００９】また、請求項４に記載の発明においては、
高負荷時の高圧力時に、水素ガスを貯えておき、低負荷
時の低圧力時には、貯えていた水素を燃料電池へ流入さ
せるように構成している。そのため加圧用のポンプが不
要となり、また、一次流路配管内の圧力によって水素分
離に必要な水素分圧が決まるので、一定量以上の無駄な
水素を貯えることが無くなる。また、発生電力の検出や
判定等の構成が不要になる。Further, in the invention according to claim 4,
At high pressure at high load, hydrogen gas is stored, and at low pressure at low load, the stored hydrogen flows into the fuel cell. Therefore, a pressurizing pump is not required, and the partial pressure of hydrogen required for hydrogen separation is determined by the pressure in the primary flow pipe, so that a certain amount or more of unnecessary hydrogen is not stored. Further, a configuration for detecting and determining generated power is not required.

【００１０】[0010]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、電極触媒の被毒を解消
することが出来るので、一酸化炭素濃度が燃料電池を被
毒する濃度であるような改質ガスを用いても燃料電池を
運転できるという効果が得られる。また、通常運転時に
改質ガスの一部から高純度の水素を分離貯蔵しておき、
かつ分離貯蔵する水素量は、改質ガス全体の量に比して
大幅に少ないので、高純度の水素を分離するための水素
分離膜が小型で済み、したがって容積的にもコスト的に
も実用可能である。According to the present invention, the poisoning of the electrode catalyst can be eliminated, so that the fuel cell can be used even if a reformed gas whose carbon monoxide concentration is a concentration that poisons the fuel cell is used. The effect of being able to drive is obtained. Also, during normal operation, high-purity hydrogen is separated and stored from part of the reformed gas,
In addition, the amount of hydrogen to be separated and stored is significantly smaller than the amount of the entire reformed gas, so the hydrogen separation membrane for separating high-purity hydrogen can be reduced in size, and therefore practical in terms of both volume and cost. It is possible.

【００１１】また、請求項２の発明においては、発電量
が非常に小さい時に被毒解消運転を行なうので、少量の
水素で長時間にわたって燃料電池を高純度の水素に晒す
さらすことができ、被毒解消効果を高めることができ
る。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the poisoning elimination operation is performed when the amount of power generation is extremely small, so that the fuel cell can be exposed to high-purity hydrogen for a long time with a small amount of hydrogen, and Poison eliminating effect can be enhanced.

【００１２】また、請求項３の発明においては、燃料電
池の停止後に燃料電池内を高純度の水素で満たすので、
被毒除去が長時間かけて十分に行なうことが出来る。ま
た、燃料電池内に水素ガスの残圧を残すことにより、活
性を高め、被毒回復効果を高めることができる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, after the fuel cell is stopped, the inside of the fuel cell is filled with high-purity hydrogen.
Poisoning can be sufficiently removed over a long period of time. In addition, by leaving the residual pressure of hydrogen gas in the fuel cell, the activity can be enhanced and the poisoning recovery effect can be enhanced.

【００１３】また、請求項４の発明においては、一定量
以上の無駄な水素を貯えることが無くなり、かつ加圧用
のポンプが不要になると共に発生電力の検出や判定等の
構成が不要になるので、構成が簡略化される。Further, in the invention according to claim 4, there is no need to store more than a certain amount of useless hydrogen, and there is no need for a pressurizing pump, and no need for a configuration for detecting and determining generated power. The configuration is simplified.

【００１４】[0014]

【発明の実施の形態】図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形
態を示す模式図である。図１において、実線はガスの経
路を示し、破線は電気信号の経路を示す。先ず構成を説
明すると、１は固体高分子型の燃料電池、２はメタノー
ルから水素リッチな改質ガスを発生する改質器（例えば
触媒装置）、３は改質ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度を低減す
る一酸化炭素低減装置、４はメタノールタンク、５は制
御装置（詳細後述）、６は制御信号、７は燃料電池１に
空気（酸素）を供給する空気供給系、１１は改質ガスを
燃料電池１に導く一次流路配管、１２は一次流路配管１
１の途中から分岐した二次流路配管、１３は二次流路配
管１２に設けられたポンプ、１４は水素分離膜、１５は
アキュムレートタンク、１６は水素分離膜１４によって
高純度に分離された水素の流路、１７は水素分離膜１４
によって含有する水素の一部を分離した残ガスの流路、
１８は分離された高純度の水素と通常の改質ガスとを切
り替えて燃料電池１に導く三方弁、１９は燃料電池１の
出力電圧と電流とを検出するセンサである。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a solid line indicates a gas path, and a broken line indicates an electric signal path. First, the configuration will be described. 1 is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, 2 is a reformer (for example, a catalyst device) that generates a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from methanol, and 3 is a carbon monoxide concentration in the reformed gas. 4 is a methanol tank, 5 is a control device (to be described in detail later), 6 is a control signal, 7 is an air supply system for supplying air (oxygen) to the fuel cell 1, and 11 is a reformed gas. Primary flow path piping leading to fuel cell 1, 12 is primary flow path piping 1
A secondary channel pipe branched from the middle of 1, 13 is a pump provided in the secondary channel pipe 12, 14 is a hydrogen separation membrane, 15 is an accumulate tank, and 16 is a high-purity separated by the hydrogen separation membrane 14. Hydrogen flow path, 17 is a hydrogen separation membrane 14
A flow path of the residual gas that has separated a part of the hydrogen contained therein,
Reference numeral 18 denotes a three-way valve that switches between the separated high-purity hydrogen and normal reformed gas to guide the fuel gas to the fuel cell 1, and 19 denotes a sensor that detects the output voltage and current of the fuel cell 1.

【００１５】上記一酸化炭素低減装置３は、改質ガス中
の一酸化炭素濃度を１００ｐｐｍ程度に低減する簡単な
選択酸化装置などであり、従来用いられているものと同
様に、車載可能な大きさと価格のものである。また、空
気供給系７は圧縮機等からなり、燃料電池１に必要な酸
素（空気）を供給する。また、制御装置５はＣＰＵや入
出力インターフェイス等からなる演算装置で構成され、
車両の制御系信号（アクセルペダルの開度等）などに基
づいて燃料電池システムを制御する制御信号を出力す
る。ただし、本実施の形態においては、被毒解消運転に
関係する部分のみを説明する。The carbon monoxide reduction device 3 is a simple selective oxidation device or the like for reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas to about 100 ppm. And that of the price. The air supply system 7 includes a compressor and the like, and supplies necessary oxygen (air) to the fuel cell 1. Further, the control device 5 is configured by an arithmetic device including a CPU, an input / output interface, and the like.
A control signal for controlling the fuel cell system is output based on a vehicle control system signal (eg, accelerator pedal opening). However, in the present embodiment, only a portion related to the poisoning elimination operation will be described.

【００１６】次に、作用を説明する。メタノールタンク
４からのメタノールは、改質器２によって改質ガスに変
換される。この改質ガスは選択酸化等を行なう一酸化炭
素低減装置３により、比較的容易に一酸化炭素濃度１０
０ｐｐｍ程度まで低減される。しかし、この一酸化炭素
濃度では、固体高分子型の燃料電池１は被毒するため、
徐々に性能低下を生じる。Next, the operation will be described. Methanol from the methanol tank 4 is converted by the reformer 2 into reformed gas. This reformed gas is relatively easily converted to a carbon monoxide concentration of 10
It is reduced to about 0 ppm. However, at this carbon monoxide concentration, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 1 is poisoned.
The performance gradually decreases.

【００１７】一次流路配管１１より分岐した二次流路配
管１２に流れる改質ガスは、小型のポンプ１３によって
昇圧され、小型の水素分離膜１４に水素分圧差を発生さ
せる。これにより、常用運転中に改質ガスから小量の高
純度水素を精製し、アキュムレートタンク１５に貯えて
おく。また、水素分離膜１４で水素を分離した残ガスは
流路１７を通って一次流路配管１１へ戻る。The reformed gas flowing through the secondary flow pipe 12 branched from the primary flow pipe 11 is pressurized by a small pump 13 to generate a hydrogen partial pressure difference in a small hydrogen separation membrane 14. Thus, a small amount of high-purity hydrogen is purified from the reformed gas during the normal operation, and stored in the accumulation tank 15. The residual gas from which hydrogen has been separated by the hydrogen separation membrane 14 returns to the primary flow pipe 11 through the flow path 17.

【００１８】この際、改質ガスから分離する水素量は、
改質ガス全体に対して小さな割合であるため、これによ
って一次流路配管１１を流れる改質ガスの一酸化炭素濃
度が大きく変わることは無い。また、二次流路配管１２
を流れる流量を小さく設定することにより、ポンプ１３
を小型にし、消費する電力を小さく抑えることができ
る。また、水素分離膜１４で分離する水素量は改質ガス
全量よりも大幅に小さいので、必要な分離膜面積は小さ
くて済み、したがって高価な水素分離膜を小さくして全
体として安価、小型に実現できる。At this time, the amount of hydrogen separated from the reformed gas is:
Since the ratio is small relative to the entire reformed gas, the carbon monoxide concentration of the reformed gas flowing through the primary flow path pipe 11 does not greatly change. In addition, the secondary flow pipe 12
By setting the flow rate flowing through the pump to be small, the pump 13
And the power consumption can be reduced. In addition, since the amount of hydrogen separated by the hydrogen separation membrane 14 is significantly smaller than the total amount of reformed gas, the required separation membrane area can be small, and therefore, the expensive hydrogen separation membrane can be reduced in size and realized inexpensively and compactly as a whole. it can.

【００１９】図２は、図１の装置における被毒解消運転
の制御手順を示すフローチャートである。まず、ステッ
プＳ１では、センサ１９で、燃料電池１の発生電圧と電
流とを検出し、制御装置５に送る。制御装置５では、燃
料電池１の運転状態（供給する改質ガスの流量と圧力）
に対応した基準の発生電力を、電圧と電流のマップとし
て予め記憶しておく。そしてステップＳ２では、その時
の電圧、電流とマップの値とを比較し、差が所定値以上
の場合、すなわち電極触媒が被毒して発生電力が供給ガ
ス量に比して低下している場合には、ステップＳ３へ行
く。被毒の程度が小さい場合には、ステップＳ１へ戻
る。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the poisoning elimination operation in the apparatus shown in FIG. First, at step S1, the sensor 19 detects the generated voltage and current of the fuel cell 1 and sends them to the control device 5. In the control device 5, the operating state of the fuel cell 1 (the flow rate and pressure of the supplied reformed gas)
Is generated in advance as a map of voltage and current. In step S2, the voltage and current at that time are compared with the values in the map, and when the difference is equal to or more than a predetermined value, that is, when the electrode catalyst is poisoned and the generated power is lower than the supplied gas amount. Goes to step S3. If the degree of poisoning is small, the process returns to step S1.

【００２０】ステップＳ３では、制御装置５からの制御
信号により、燃料電池１における発電量を減少させ、水
素の消費量を低下させる。この減少の程度は、アキュム
レートタンク１５からの高純度の水素のみで運転可能な
程度まで減少させる。なお、車両が高負荷運転中は、こ
のように発電量を低下させると、電力が不足する場合が
生じるが、被毒運転の継続時間は短いので、不足分の電
力はバックアップ用の二次電池（燃料電池が搭載される
車両に常備されている）から一時的に放出することによ
って補う。また、以下の制御も制御装置５からの制御信
号によって行なうが、図１では各制御信号を一括して制
御信号６として示している。In step S3, the power generation amount in the fuel cell 1 is reduced by the control signal from the control device 5, and the hydrogen consumption is reduced. The degree of this reduction is reduced to such an extent that it can be operated only with high-purity hydrogen from the accumulation tank 15. If the amount of power generation is reduced in this manner during high-load operation of the vehicle, power may become insufficient.However, since the duration of poisoning operation is short, the insufficient power is supplied to the secondary battery for backup. It is supplemented by temporary release from the fuel cell (a vehicle that is always equipped with the fuel cell). The following control is also performed by a control signal from the control device 5, but in FIG. 1, each control signal is collectively shown as a control signal 6.

【００２１】次に、ステップＳ４では、三方弁１８を切
り替え、アキュムレートタンク１５からの高純度の水素
を燃料電池１へ供給する。そしてステップＳ５では、燃
料電池１の冷却水流量を小さくするか、もしくは停止
し、冷却水からの放熱量を低減すると共に、空気供給系
７からの空気流量を、温度維持に必要な発電量に応じた
流量まで低減する。これらの処理は、燃料電池を少量の
水素で運転し、かつ燃料電池の温度を被毒解消に適した
温度に保つために行なうものである。Next, in step S4, the three-way valve 18 is switched to supply high-purity hydrogen from the accumulation tank 15 to the fuel cell 1. In step S5, the flow rate of the cooling water of the fuel cell 1 is reduced or stopped, and the amount of heat radiation from the cooling water is reduced, and the flow rate of the air from the air supply system 7 is reduced to the amount of power generation necessary for maintaining the temperature. Reduce to the appropriate flow rate. These processes are performed to operate the fuel cell with a small amount of hydrogen and to maintain the temperature of the fuel cell at a temperature suitable for eliminating poisoning.

【００２２】上記の処置を行なうことにより、アキュム
レートタンク１５に貯えられた少量の水素で、燃料電池
の温度を維持しながら、燃料電池を高純度の水素に晒す
時間を比較的長くすることが出来、それによって被毒解
消効果を高めることができる。その後、ステップＳ６に
示すように、アキュムレートタンク１５に貯えられた水
素が流出し、その圧力が低下して流出が停止すると、ス
テップＳ７で被毒解消運転を終了し、通常の制御に移行
する。なお、上記水素の流出停止は、燃料電池の発生電
力から検出することが出来る。また、所定時間後に通常
の制御に移行するように構成してもよい。By performing the above treatment, it is possible to relatively lengthen the time for exposing the fuel cell to high-purity hydrogen while maintaining the temperature of the fuel cell with a small amount of hydrogen stored in the accumulation tank 15. The poisoning elimination effect. Thereafter, as shown in step S6, when the hydrogen stored in the accumulation tank 15 flows out, the pressure decreases, and the flow stops, the poisoning elimination operation is terminated in step S7, and the process shifts to the normal control. . The stop of the outflow of hydrogen can be detected from the power generated by the fuel cell. Further, the control may be shifted to the normal control after a predetermined time.

【００２３】上記のように、第１の実施の形態において
は、通常運転時に改質ガスの一部から高純度の水素を分
離貯蔵しておき、燃料電池の発生電力を予め記憶してあ
る基準の値と比較し、基準値からの低下が所定値以上の
時には、電極触媒の劣化が生じたものと判断して、発電
量を小さくし、高純度の水素のみで被毒解消運転を行な
うように構成している。そのため、電極触媒の劣化が生
じた際には確実に被毒解消運転を行なって劣化を解消す
ることが出来る。また、改質ガスから分離貯蔵する水素
量は、改質ガス全体の量に比して大幅に少ないので、高
純度の水素を分離するための水素分離膜が小型で済み、
したがって容積的にもコスト的にも実用可能である。As described above, in the first embodiment, during normal operation, high-purity hydrogen is separated and stored from a part of the reformed gas, and the power generated by the fuel cell is stored in advance. When the decrease from the reference value is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, it is determined that the electrode catalyst has deteriorated, the power generation amount is reduced, and the poisoning elimination operation is performed using only high-purity hydrogen. It is composed. Therefore, when the electrode catalyst is deteriorated, the poisoning elimination operation can be reliably performed to eliminate the deterioration. Also, since the amount of hydrogen separated and stored from the reformed gas is significantly smaller than the amount of the entire reformed gas, the hydrogen separation membrane for separating high-purity hydrogen can be reduced in size,
Therefore, it can be practically used in terms of both volume and cost.

【００２４】次に、図３は本発明の第２の実施の形態を
示すフローチャートである。図３において、ステップＳ
４〜Ｓ７は図２と同じであり、ステップＳ１〜Ｓ３の代
わりにステップＳ８が設けられている点のみが異なって
いる。なお、構成図は図１において、センサ１９を除
き、代わりに制御装置５に要求電力＝０の信号（詳細後
述）が入力するようにしたものであり、その他の部分は
図１と同様なので、図示を省略する。Next, FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, step S
4 to S7 are the same as those in FIG. 2, except that step S8 is provided instead of steps S1 to S3. In FIG. 1, a signal (required later) of required power = 0 is input to the control device 5 instead of the sensor 19 in FIG. 1, and other parts are the same as those in FIG. 1. Illustration is omitted.

【００２５】図３において、ステップＳ８では、燃料電
池に要求される発電量が０（もしくは非常に小さい）を
示す信号が与えられたか否かを判断し、“ＹＥＳ”の場
合にはステップＳ４以下の被毒解消運転を行なう。上記
の要求電力＝０の信号は、車両の駆動制御装置（図示省
略、アクセル開度信号等に基づいて駆動系全体の制御を
行なう装置）から与えられる。In FIG. 3, in step S8, it is determined whether or not a signal indicating that the amount of power generation required for the fuel cell is 0 (or very small) has been given. Carry out the poison elimination operation. The signal of the required power = 0 is given from a drive control device of the vehicle (not shown, a device that controls the entire drive system based on an accelerator opening signal or the like).

【００２６】本実施の形態においては、燃料電池におけ
る発電量が０または非常に小さい時に、被毒解消運転を
行なうため、少量の水素で長時間にわたって燃料電池を
高純度の水素に晒すさらすことができ、被毒解消効果を
高めることができる。また、バックアップ用の二次電池
に負担をかけることもない。さらに、車両の駆動制御装
置から与えられる要求電力＝０の信号によって被毒解消
運転の開始を判断するので、図１に示した電圧・電流検
出用のセンサ１９は不要になる。In this embodiment, when the power generation amount of the fuel cell is 0 or very small, the poisoning elimination operation is performed. Therefore, the fuel cell may be exposed to high-purity hydrogen with a small amount of hydrogen for a long time. It is possible to enhance the effect of eliminating poisoning. In addition, there is no burden on the secondary battery for backup. Further, since the start of the poisoning elimination operation is determined based on the signal of the required power = 0 given from the drive control device of the vehicle, the voltage / current detection sensor 19 shown in FIG. 1 becomes unnecessary.

【００２７】次に、図４は、本発明の第３の実施の形態
を示す模式図である。図４において、２０はシャットオ
フバルブ、２１はリリーフバルブであり、それらは燃料
電池１のアノード側出口配管に設けられている。シャッ
トオフバルブ２０は制御装置５からの制御信号６によっ
て開閉し、閉時にはアノード側出口配管を遮断する。リ
リーフバルブ２１は燃料電池１の耐圧に近い所定の値以
上の圧力では開き、水素ガスを逃がす安全弁である。ま
た、８は燃料電池の運転停止信号であり、車両の駆動制
御装置から与えられる。その他、図１と同符号は同じも
のを示す。Next, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 20 denotes a shut-off valve, and reference numeral 21 denotes a relief valve, which are provided on an anode-side outlet pipe of the fuel cell 1. The shut-off valve 20 is opened and closed by a control signal 6 from the control device 5, and shuts off the anode-side outlet pipe when closed. The relief valve 21 is a safety valve that opens at a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined value close to the pressure resistance of the fuel cell 1 and allows hydrogen gas to escape. Reference numeral 8 denotes a fuel cell operation stop signal, which is given from the vehicle drive control device. In addition, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

【００２８】図５は、図４の装置における被毒解消運転
の制御手順を示すフローチャートである。まず、ステッ
プＳ１０では、燃料電池の運転停止信号が与えられたか
否かを判断し、“ＹＥＳ”の場合にはステップＳ１１へ
行き、三方弁１８を切り替えて、アキュムレートタンク
１５の水素ガスを燃料電池１に供給する。FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of the poisoning elimination operation in the apparatus of FIG. First, in step S10, it is determined whether or not a fuel cell operation stop signal has been given. If "YES", the flow proceeds to step S11, in which the three-way valve 18 is switched to supply hydrogen gas in the accumulation tank 15 to the fuel tank. Supply to battery 1.

【００２９】次に、ステップＳ１２では、燃料電池１内
の改質ガスの残ガスが排出されるのに十分な所定時間が
経過した否かを判断し、“ＹＥＳ”の場合にはステップ
Ｓ１３へ行き、シャットオフバルブ２０を閉じる。した
がって燃料電池１内は、高純度の水素ガスで満たされ
る。なお、この際、燃料電池１内はリリーフバルブ２１
によって燃料電池の耐圧以下の安全な圧力に保持され
る。Next, in step S12, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time sufficient for discharging the residual gas of the reformed gas in the fuel cell 1 has elapsed. If "YES", the flow proceeds to step S13. Go and close shutoff valve 20. Therefore, the inside of the fuel cell 1 is filled with high-purity hydrogen gas. At this time, the inside of the fuel cell 1 is provided with a relief valve 21.
As a result, the pressure is maintained at a safe pressure lower than the pressure resistance of the fuel cell.

【００３０】次に、ステップＳ１４では、燃料電池の冷
却水の循環を停止させ、かつ空気供給系７からの空気の
流入も停止する。その後、上記シャットオフバルブ２０
を閉じてから所定時間経過後（表示省略）に、ステップ
Ｓ１５で三方弁１８を閉じて、上記の状態を保持する。
この状態は、次に燃料電池１が運転状態になるまで保持
してもよいし、或いは所定時間後に解除するように構成
してもよい。Next, in step S14, the circulation of the cooling water of the fuel cell is stopped, and the inflow of air from the air supply system 7 is also stopped. Then, the shut-off valve 20
After a lapse of a predetermined time (display is omitted) after closing the three-way valve 18, the three-way valve 18 is closed in step S15, and the above state is maintained.
This state may be maintained until the fuel cell 1 enters the operating state next, or may be configured to be released after a predetermined time.

【００３１】上記のように、本実施の形態においては、
発電停止後に、燃料電池１内を高純度の水素で満たすた
め、被毒除去が長時間かけて十分に行なうことが出来
る。また、燃料電池内に水素ガスの残圧を残すことによ
り、活性を高め、被毒回復効果を高めることができる。As described above, in the present embodiment,
After the power generation is stopped, the fuel cell 1 is filled with high-purity hydrogen, so that poisoning can be sufficiently removed over a long period of time. In addition, by leaving the residual pressure of hydrogen gas in the fuel cell, the activity can be enhanced and the poisoning recovery effect can be enhanced.

【００３２】次に、図６は、本発明の第４の実施の形態
を示す模式図である。図６において、２２は逆止弁、２
３は圧力調整用バルブ、２５は圧力調整用バルブ２３下
流の配管、２６は燃料電池１のアノード側出口配管であ
り、その他、図１と同符号は同じものを示す。なお、図
６においては、図１における二次流路配管１２に設けら
れたポンプ１３が省かれている。Next, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, 22 is a check valve, 2
Reference numeral 3 denotes a pressure adjusting valve, reference numeral 25 denotes a pipe downstream of the pressure adjusting valve 23, reference numeral 26 denotes an anode-side outlet pipe of the fuel cell 1, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. In FIG. 6, the pump 13 provided in the secondary flow pipe 12 in FIG. 1 is omitted.

【００３３】以下、作用を説明する。高負荷（燃料電池
が高い出力を発生する）時には、一次流路配管１１を流
れる改質ガス流量を大きくすると共に、比較的高い圧力
になるように設定し、低負荷（燃料電池が低い出力）時
には、改質ガス流量を小さくすると共に、比較的低い圧
力になるように設定する。このような条件設定は圧力調
整用バルブ２３によって行なうことが出来る。The operation will be described below. When the load is high (the fuel cell generates a high output), the flow rate of the reformed gas flowing through the primary flow pipe 11 is increased, and the pressure is set to a relatively high pressure. At times, the flow rate of the reformed gas is reduced, and the pressure is set to a relatively low pressure. Such conditions can be set by the pressure adjusting valve 23.

【００３４】上記のように設定することにより、高負荷
時には、一次流路配管１１内の圧力により、水素分離膜
１４前後に水素分圧を生じ、アキュムレートタンク１５
に水素が貯えられる。なお、逆止弁２２は一次流路配管
１１側から水素分離膜１４への一方向のみにガスを通過
させる弁である。By setting as described above, when the load is high, a partial pressure of hydrogen is generated around the hydrogen separation membrane 14 due to the pressure in the primary flow pipe 11 and the accumulation tank 15
Stores hydrogen. The check valve 22 is a valve that allows gas to pass only in one direction from the primary flow pipe 11 to the hydrogen separation membrane 14.

【００３５】一方、低負荷時には、一次流路配管１１の
圧力つまり燃料電池入り口の圧力が所定値よりも低くな
った時、三方弁１８を切り換えて、アキュムレートタン
ク１５に貯えていた水素を燃料電池１へ流入させる。上
記の三方弁１８の切り換えは、燃料電池入り口の圧力を
検出する圧力センサ（図示せず）からの信号９を制御装
置５に与え、制御装置５から出力される制御信号６に基
づいて行なう。なお、上記の三方弁１８を省略し、低負
荷時で一次流路配管１１の圧力つまり燃料電池入り口の
圧力が所定値よりも低くなった時に、自動的にアキュム
レートタンク１５の水素が燃料電池１へ流入するように
構成してもよい。このような設定は、圧力調整用バルブ
２３および圧力調整用バルブ２３下流の配管２５の圧損
などの条件によって設定することが出来る。また、燃料
電池１のアノード側出口配管２６に圧力調整用のバルブ
（図示せず）を設けてもよい。この構成の場合には、ア
キュムレートタンク１５の出口に逆止弁（図示せず）を
設ける必要がある。On the other hand, at a low load, when the pressure in the primary flow pipe 11, that is, the pressure at the fuel cell inlet, becomes lower than a predetermined value, the three-way valve 18 is switched to release the hydrogen stored in the accumulation tank 15 as fuel. Flow into battery 1. The switching of the three-way valve 18 is performed based on a control signal 6 output from the control device 5 by applying a signal 9 from a pressure sensor (not shown) for detecting the pressure at the fuel cell inlet to the control device 5. Note that the three-way valve 18 is omitted, and when the pressure of the primary flow pipe 11, that is, the pressure of the fuel cell inlet, becomes lower than a predetermined value at a low load, the hydrogen in the accumulation tank 15 is automatically replaced by the fuel cell. 1 may be configured to flow. Such a setting can be set according to conditions such as the pressure loss of the pressure adjusting valve 23 and the pipe 25 downstream of the pressure adjusting valve 23. Further, a valve (not shown) for pressure adjustment may be provided in the anode-side outlet pipe 26 of the fuel cell 1. In the case of this configuration, it is necessary to provide a check valve (not shown) at the outlet of the accumulation tank 15.

【００３６】上記のように、一次流路配管１１の圧力つ
まり燃料電池入り口圧力を高く設定すれば、燃料電池単
体の効率を向上させ、同じ改質ガス中の水素量でより多
くの出力を得ることができる。そして高負荷時における
一次流路配管１１内の圧力を利用して水素分離を行なう
ので、前記図１などに示した加圧用のポンプ１３が不要
となる。As described above, if the pressure of the primary flow pipe 11, that is, the inlet pressure of the fuel cell is set high, the efficiency of the fuel cell alone is improved, and more output is obtained with the same amount of hydrogen in the reformed gas. be able to. Since hydrogen separation is performed using the pressure in the primary flow pipe 11 under a high load, the pressurizing pump 13 shown in FIG.

【００３７】また、一次流路配管１１内の圧力によって
水素分離に必要な水素分圧が決まるので、一次流路配管
１１内の圧力によってアキュムレートタンク１５に貯え
られる水素量が決定される。そのため一定量以上の無駄
な水素を貯えることが無くなる。Since the partial pressure of hydrogen required for hydrogen separation is determined by the pressure in the primary flow pipe 11, the amount of hydrogen stored in the accumulation tank 15 is determined by the pressure in the primary flow pipe 11. Therefore, it is not necessary to store more than a certain amount of useless hydrogen.

【００３８】さらに、燃料電池入り口の圧力が設定値よ
り低くなった際に、アキュムレートタンク１５内の水素
を放出するため、低負荷でガスの滞留時間が長くなる時
に高純度の水素ガスを導入することになり、被毒解消効
果を高めることができる。Further, when the pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell becomes lower than the set value, the hydrogen in the accumulation tank 15 is released. Therefore, the effect of eliminating poisoning can be enhanced.

【００３９】また、燃料電池入り口の圧力に応じて被毒
解消運転を開始するため、燃料電池の性能低下をモニタ
するための電圧・電流計を省くことができる。特に、低
負荷時に自動的にアキュムレートタンク１５の水素が燃
料電池１へ流入するように構成した場合には、圧力を検
出するセンサも不要である。Further, since the poisoning elimination operation is started in accordance with the pressure at the fuel cell inlet, a voltage / ammeter for monitoring the performance deterioration of the fuel cell can be omitted. In particular, if the hydrogen in the accumulation tank 15 automatically flows into the fuel cell 1 at a low load, a sensor for detecting the pressure is not required.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す模式図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】図１の装置における被毒解消運転の制御手順を
示すフローチャート。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of a poisoning elimination operation in the apparatus of FIG. 1;

【図３】本発明の第２の実施の形態を示すフローチャー
ト。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

【図４】本発明の第３の実施の形態を示す模式図。FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

【図５】図４の装置における被毒解消運転の制御手順を
示すフローチャート。FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control procedure of a poisoning elimination operation in the apparatus of FIG. 4;

【図６】本発明の第４の実施の形態を示す模式図。FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１…燃料電池 ２…改質器 ３…一酸化炭素低減装置 ４…メタノ
ールタンク ５…制御装置 ６…制御信
号 ７…燃料電池１に空気を供給する空気供給系 ８…要求電力＝０の信号 ９…燃料電池入り口の圧力を検出するセンサからの信号 １１…改質ガスの一次流路配管 １２…二次
流路配管 １３…加圧用のポンプ １４…水素
分離膜 １５…アキュムレートタンク １６…水素
の流路 １７…残ガスの流路 １８…三方
弁 １９…電圧および電流センサ ２０…シャ
ットオフバルブ ２１…リリーフバルブ ２２…逆止
弁 ２３…圧力調整バルブ ２５…圧力調整用バルブ２３下流の配管 ２６…燃料電池１のアノード側出口配管DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel cell 2 ... Reformer 3 ... Carbon monoxide reduction device 4 ... Methanol tank 5 ... Control device 6 ... Control signal 7 ... Air supply system which supplies air to the fuel cell 1 8 ... Signal of required electric power = 0 9 ... Signal from a sensor for detecting the pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell 11 ... Primary flow path pipe for reformed gas 12 ... Secondary flow path pipe 13 ... Pressurizing pump 14 ... Hydrogen separation membrane 15 ... Accumulate tank 16 ... Hydrogen Flow path 17 ... Remaining gas flow path 18 ... Three-way valve 19 ... Voltage and current sensor 20 ... Shutoff valve 21 ... Relief valve 22 ... Check valve 23 ... Pressure adjustment valve 25 ... Pressure adjustment valve 23 Downstream piping 26 ... Anode outlet piping of fuel cell 1

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】燃料から水素リッチな改質ガスを発生する
改質器と、 上記改質器から上記改質ガスを燃料電池に導く一次流路
配管と、 上記一次流路配管の途中から分岐した二次流路配管に設
けられた加圧用ポンプおよび水素分離膜と、 上記水素分離膜で分離した高純度の水素を貯蔵するタン
クと、 上記一次流路配管における上記二次流路配管の分岐点よ
りも下流の部分に、上記タンクからの水素ガス流路配管
との接合部を設け、その接合部に設けられた上記改質ガ
スと上記水素ガスとを切り替えて上記燃料電池に導く三
方弁と、 上記燃料電池の発生電力を検出し、該発生電力を上記燃
料電池の燃料供給条件に対して予め記憶している基準の
発生電力と比較し、その差が所定値以上の場合に被毒と
判断して、上記三方弁を上記水素ガス供給側に切り替え
ると共に、上記燃料電池の発電量を減少させるように制
御する制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする燃料電池
システム。1. A reformer for generating a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from fuel, a primary flow pipe for guiding the reformed gas from the reformer to a fuel cell, and a branch from the middle of the primary flow pipe. A pressurizing pump and a hydrogen separation membrane provided in the secondary flow path pipe, a tank storing high-purity hydrogen separated by the hydrogen separation membrane, and a branch of the secondary flow path pipe in the primary flow path pipe A three-way valve that is provided at a portion downstream of the point with a junction with a hydrogen gas flow path pipe from the tank and that switches between the reformed gas and the hydrogen gas provided at the junction and leads to the fuel cell. And detecting the generated power of the fuel cell, comparing the generated power with a reference generated power stored in advance for the fuel supply condition of the fuel cell, and poisoning when the difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. And the three-way valve is connected to the hydrogen gas supply side. Fuel cell system characterized by comprising together, and control means for controlling so as to reduce the amount of power generated by the fuel cell, a switch. 【請求項２】燃料から水素リッチな改質ガスを発生する
改質器と、 上記改質器から上記改質ガスを燃料電池に導く一次流路
配管と、 上記一次流路配管の途中から分岐した二次流路配管に設
けられた加圧用ポンプおよび水素分離膜と、 上記水素分離膜で分離した高純度の水素を貯蔵するタン
クと、 上記一次流路配管における上記二次流路配管の分岐点よ
りも下流の部分に、上記タンクからの水素ガス流路配管
との接合部を設け、その接合部に設けられた上記改質ガ
スと上記水素ガスとを切り替えて上記燃料電池に導く三
方弁と、 燃料電池に要求される発電量が０もしくは０に近い場合
に、上記三方弁を上記水素ガス供給側に切り替えると共
に、燃料電池の発電量を減少させように制御する制御手
段と、 を備えたことを特徴とする燃料電池システム。2. A reformer for generating a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from fuel, a primary flow pipe for guiding the reformed gas from the reformer to a fuel cell, and a branch from the middle of the primary flow pipe. A pressurizing pump and a hydrogen separation membrane provided in the secondary flow path pipe, a tank storing high-purity hydrogen separated by the hydrogen separation membrane, and a branch of the secondary flow path pipe in the primary flow path pipe A three-way valve that is provided at a portion downstream of the point with a junction with a hydrogen gas flow path pipe from the tank and that switches between the reformed gas and the hydrogen gas provided at the junction and leads to the fuel cell. And control means for switching the three-way valve to the hydrogen gas supply side and controlling the fuel cell to reduce the power generation when the power generation required for the fuel cell is 0 or close to 0. Fuel cell system Temu. 【請求項３】燃料から水素リッチな改質ガスを発生する
改質器と、 上記改質器から上記改質ガスを燃料電池に導く一次流路
配管と、 上記一次流路配管の途中から分岐した二次流路配管に設
けられた加圧用ポンプおよび水素分離膜と、 上記水素分離膜で分離した高純度の水素を貯蔵するタン
クと、 上記一次流路配管における上記二次流路配管の分岐点よ
りも下流の部分に、上記タンクからの水素ガス流路配管
との接合部を設け、その接合部に設けられた上記改質ガ
スと上記水素ガスとを切り替えて燃料電池に導く三方弁
と、 上記燃料電池のアノード側出口配管に設けられたシャッ
トオフバルブと、 上記燃料電池の運転停止時に、上記三方弁を上記水素ガ
ス供給側に切り替えてタンク内の水素ガスを上記燃料電
池に供給し、改質ガスの残ガス排出に要する所定時間経
過後に上記シャットオフバルブを閉じ、上記燃料電池内
に水素ガスの残圧を残した状態で保持するように制御す
る制御手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする燃料電池シス
テム。3. A reformer for generating a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from fuel, a primary flow pipe for guiding the reformed gas from the reformer to a fuel cell, and a branch from the middle of the primary flow pipe. A pressurizing pump and a hydrogen separation membrane provided in the secondary flow path pipe, a tank storing high-purity hydrogen separated by the hydrogen separation membrane, and a branch of the secondary flow path pipe in the primary flow path pipe A three-way valve that provides a junction with the hydrogen gas flow path pipe from the tank at a portion downstream of the point and switches the reformed gas and the hydrogen gas provided at the junction to the fuel cell. A shut-off valve provided on an outlet pipe on the anode side of the fuel cell; and when the operation of the fuel cell is stopped, the three-way valve is switched to the hydrogen gas supply side to supply hydrogen gas in a tank to the fuel cell. , Reformed gas residual gas Control means for closing the shut-off valve after a lapse of a predetermined time required for discharge, and controlling the fuel cell to maintain a residual pressure of hydrogen gas in the fuel cell. . 【請求項４】燃料から水素リッチな改質ガスを発生する
改質器と、 上記改質器から上記改質ガスを燃料電池に導く一次流路
配管と、 上記一次流路配管の途中から分岐した二次流路配管に設
けられた逆止弁および水素分離膜と、 上記水素分離膜で分離した高純度の水素を貯蔵するタン
クと、 上記一次流路配管における上記二次流路配管の分岐点よ
りも下流の部分に設けられた、上記タンクからの水素ガ
ス流路配管との接合部と、を備え、上記一次流路配管内
のガス圧力が高い場合に上記水素分離膜で水素を分離す
るに足る水素分圧が生じ、かつ上記一次流路配管内のガ
ス圧力が所定値より低い場合に上記タンクの水素ガスが
上記燃料電池に流入するように設定したことを特徴とす
る燃料電池システム。4. A reformer for generating a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from a fuel, a primary flow pipe for guiding the reformed gas from the reformer to a fuel cell, and a branch in the middle of the primary flow pipe. A check valve and a hydrogen separation membrane provided in the secondary flow path piping, a tank storing high-purity hydrogen separated by the hydrogen separation membrane, and a branch of the secondary flow path piping in the primary flow path piping A junction with a hydrogen gas flow path pipe from the tank, provided at a portion downstream from the point, wherein hydrogen is separated by the hydrogen separation membrane when the gas pressure in the primary flow path pipe is high. A fuel cell system wherein the hydrogen gas in the tank flows into the fuel cell when a sufficient hydrogen partial pressure is generated and the gas pressure in the primary flow path pipe is lower than a predetermined value. .
JP12478898A 1998-05-07 1998-05-07 Fuel cell system Expired - Lifetime JP3629949B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12478898A JP3629949B2 (en) 1998-05-07 1998-05-07 Fuel cell system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12478898A JP3629949B2 (en) 1998-05-07 1998-05-07 Fuel cell system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11329472A true JPH11329472A (en) 1999-11-30
JP3629949B2 JP3629949B2 (en) 2005-03-16

Family

ID=14894145

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12478898A Expired - Lifetime JP3629949B2 (en) 1998-05-07 1998-05-07 Fuel cell system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3629949B2 (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000323157A (en) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-24 Hitachi Ltd Fuel cell power generation system and control method thereof
US6602628B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2003-08-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Control system for fuel cell
JP2004525488A (en) * 2001-02-21 2004-08-19 アイダテック， エル．エル．シー． Fuel cell system using stored hydrogen
US6908700B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-06-21 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system for vehicle
US7175928B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2007-02-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hydrogen supplying apparatus for fuel cell
JP2008041265A (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-21 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system
US7479169B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2009-01-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Gas supplying system and gas supplying method
JP2009217968A (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-24 Casio Comput Co Ltd Power generation apparatus, and electronic equipment
JP2012238599A (en) * 2003-06-25 2012-12-06 ７１８８５０１ カナダ インコーポレイデッド Fuel cell module and process for blocking fuel cell
JP2016081615A (en) * 2014-10-10 2016-05-16 東京瓦斯株式会社 Fuel cell system

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000323157A (en) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-24 Hitachi Ltd Fuel cell power generation system and control method thereof
US6602628B2 (en) 2000-03-24 2003-08-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Control system for fuel cell
JP2004525488A (en) * 2001-02-21 2004-08-19 アイダテック， エル．エル．シー． Fuel cell system using stored hydrogen
US6908700B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-06-21 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system for vehicle
US7175928B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2007-02-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hydrogen supplying apparatus for fuel cell
JP2012238599A (en) * 2003-06-25 2012-12-06 ７１８８５０１ カナダ インコーポレイデッド Fuel cell module and process for blocking fuel cell
US7479169B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2009-01-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Gas supplying system and gas supplying method
JP2008041265A (en) * 2006-08-01 2008-02-21 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel cell system
JP2009217968A (en) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-24 Casio Comput Co Ltd Power generation apparatus, and electronic equipment
JP2016081615A (en) * 2014-10-10 2016-05-16 東京瓦斯株式会社 Fuel cell system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3629949B2 (en) 2005-03-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1339125B1 (en) Purging control of fuel cell anode effluent
JP4028544B2 (en) Fuel cell system and fuel gas path failure detection method in the system
EP1665427B1 (en) Hydrogen passivation shut down system for a fuel cell power plant
US7192667B2 (en) Device and method for controlling fuel cell system
JP4495111B2 (en) Contactor failure detection device in fuel cell system
CN101262069B (en) Strategies for mitigating cell degradation during start-up and shutdown with H2/N2 storage
US20020182456A1 (en) Shut-down procedure for hydrogen-air fuel cell system
EP1473789A2 (en) Device and method for controlling fuel cell system
JP3629949B2 (en) Fuel cell system
JP5350601B2 (en) Fuel cell system
JP4847724B2 (en) Fuel cell system
JPWO2006019027A1 (en) Fuel cell system and liquid discharge method thereof
JP3807668B2 (en) Hydrogen supply device for fuel cell
JP2003130291A (en) Hydrogen filling device
JP2013089352A (en) Fuel cell system and stopping method therefor
US7666537B2 (en) Fuel cell system for preventing hydrogen permeable metal layer degradation
US7655336B2 (en) Fuel-cell system
JP4495110B2 (en) Contactor failure detection method and apparatus in fuel cell system
JP2009009791A (en) Fuel cell system and its control method
JPH09180744A (en) Phosphoric acid fuel cell power generation device
JP7302528B2 (en) fuel cell system
JP5513760B2 (en) Method for stopping operation of fuel cell system
JP2009117226A (en) Fuel cell system
JPH06223856A (en) Fuel cell generator
JP2006114434A (en) Fuel cell system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20040120

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040319

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20040921

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20041027

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20041124

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20041207

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20071224

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081224

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20081224

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20091224

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101224

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111224

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121224

Year of fee payment: 8

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121224

Year of fee payment: 8

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131224

Year of fee payment: 9

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term