JPH11309315A - Flame-resistant filter and ventilation fan - Google Patents
Flame-resistant filter and ventilation fanInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11309315A JPH11309315A JP10120555A JP12055598A JPH11309315A JP H11309315 A JPH11309315 A JP H11309315A JP 10120555 A JP10120555 A JP 10120555A JP 12055598 A JP12055598 A JP 12055598A JP H11309315 A JPH11309315 A JP H11309315A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- fibers
- resistant filter
- fiber
- nonwoven fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Ventilation (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は調理場などに設置す
る換気扇などの排煙設備に使用する不織布系の油粒子捕
集用の耐炎性フィルター及び前記耐炎性フィルターとフ
ァンとを組合わせた換気扇に関する。本発明で換気扇
は、ときに炎などの高熱気体を吸引するおそれのある換
気扇、例えば調理場用換気扇、レンジフード、産業用換
気扇を意味する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric-based flame-resistant filter for collecting oil particles used in a smoke exhaust system such as a ventilation fan installed in a kitchen, etc., and a ventilation fan combining the flame-resistant filter and a fan. About. In the present invention, the ventilation fan means a ventilation fan that sometimes draws high-heat gas such as a flame, for example, a ventilation fan for a kitchen, a range hood, and an industrial ventilation fan.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】調理場などで使用されている換気扇に
は、通常、発生する油のミストや煤が外部に発散した
り、回転羽根などに付着して汚れるのを防ぐ目的で、吸
引側にフィルターが使用されている。これらのフィルタ
ーは、防火上の問題から難燃性合成繊維や熱可塑性合成
繊維を主体に、強度や難燃性を付与するために塩化ビニ
ル系、塩化ビニリデン系の難燃性樹脂や塩素系、リン系
などの有機難燃剤を単一又は併用して含浸あるいは塗布
乾燥した難燃性の不織布で構成されている。従って、こ
れらの難燃性フィルターは、突発的に風炎に曝されても
燃え上がることはない。しかし、しばしば高熱により一
瞬にして軟化収縮しフィルターに大きな孔があき、役に
立たなくなってしまう。また、有機塩素系樹脂や難燃剤
が燃焼するとポリ塩化ジベンゾパラジオキシンやポリ塩
化ジベンゾフラン等の有機塩素系化合物、すなわちダイ
オキシン類が発生する原因になるともいわれている。2. Description of the Related Art Ventilation fans used in kitchens and the like usually have an oil mist or soot generated on the suction side for the purpose of preventing the oil mist or soot from escaping to the outside or adhering to rotating blades and becoming dirty. Filters are used. These filters are mainly made of flame-retardant synthetic fibers and thermoplastic synthetic fibers from the viewpoint of fire protection, and vinyl chloride-based, vinylidene chloride-based flame-retardant resins and chlorine-based resins to impart strength and flame retardancy. It is composed of a flame-retardant nonwoven fabric which is impregnated or coated and dried with an organic flame retardant such as phosphorus alone or in combination. Therefore, these flame-retardant filters do not burn even if they are suddenly exposed to a wind flame. However, high heat often softens and shrinks instantaneously, creating large holes in the filter and rendering it useless. It is also said that combustion of an organic chlorine-based resin or a flame retardant causes generation of organic chlorine-based compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzoparadioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran, that is, dioxins.
【０００３】この種の難燃性フィルターの溶融収縮の改
良を目的とするものとして、例えば特開平９−２５３４
８号公報には耐炎性有機繊維を主体とするフィルター材
が、特開平５−１６８８３０号公報にはガラス繊維フィ
ルター素材に有機リン系の難燃剤を塗布乾燥させたレン
ジフード用フィルターが、また特開平９−１１７６２９
号公報には炭素繊維不織布を加工したフィルタが記載さ
れている。これらのフィルターにはそれぞれ改良の特徴
が見られる。しかし、瞬間的な風炎においては溶融収縮
や穴開きしないように改良されているが、接炎時間が長
いと大きな孔が開くとか、一部の構成素材に有機塩素系
樹脂が用いられているとか、フィルターの交換時に異物
を発散しやすいなどの未解決の課題もあった。[0003] As an object of improving the melting shrinkage of this type of flame-retardant filter, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-2534 is disclosed.
No. 8 discloses a filter material mainly composed of flame-resistant organic fibers, and JP-A-5-168830 discloses a filter for a range hood in which an organic phosphorus-based flame retardant is applied to a glass fiber filter material and dried. Kaihei 9-117629
Japanese Patent Application Publication No. JP-A-2005-26095 discloses a filter obtained by processing a carbon fiber nonwoven fabric. Each of these filters has improved features. However, it has been improved to prevent melting shrinkage and holes in the instantaneous wind flame, but if the flame contact time is long, large holes are opened, or organochlorine resin is used for some constituent materials There were also unsolved problems, such as the easy emission of foreign matter when replacing the filter.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は前記の課題を
解決すべく、調理中などに発生する突発的な風炎や高温
に曝された場合でも軟化収縮して大きな穴が開いたり、
燃焼時に塩素系のガスの発生することのない安全な耐炎
性フィルターを提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a large hole by softening and contracting even when exposed to sudden wind flame or high temperature generated during cooking or the like.
An object of the present invention is to provide a safe flame-resistant filter that does not generate chlorine-based gas during combustion.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記の課題を
解決するために、バルキー性の炭素繊維と、融点の異な
るポリマーからなる多成分系合成繊維と、０ないし複数
種の第３の繊維とが混合、交絡され、かつ、多成分系合
成繊維が部分的に他の構成繊維に熱融着されている不織
布からなることを特徴とする耐炎性フィルターを提供す
る。また、本発明は、バルキー性の炭素繊維の４０ない
し９０重量％と、融点の異なるポリマーからなる多成分
系合成繊維の１０ないし５０重量％と、０ないし複数種
の第３の繊維の０ないし４０重量％とが混合、交絡さ
れ、かつ、多成分系合成繊維が部分的に他の構成繊維に
熱融着されている不織布からなることを特徴とする耐炎
性フィルターを提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides bulky carbon fibers, multi-component synthetic fibers composed of polymers having different melting points, and zero to plural kinds of third fibers. The present invention provides a flame-resistant filter comprising a nonwoven fabric in which fibers are mixed and entangled, and a multi-component synthetic fiber is partially heat-sealed to other constituent fibers. In addition, the present invention provides 40 to 90% by weight of bulky carbon fiber, 10 to 50% by weight of a multi-component synthetic fiber made of a polymer having a different melting point, and 0 to 50% by weight of a third kind of third fiber. 40% by weight, and a multi-component synthetic fiber is made of a nonwoven fabric which is partially heat-sealed to other constituent fibers.
【０００６】前記の耐炎性フィルターを構成するバルキ
ー性炭素繊維としては、石炭ピッチを原料とするものを
好ましく用いることができる。多成分系合成繊維として
は、鞘側を低融点ポリマーで、芯側を高融点ポリマーで
構成した芯鞘型の複合繊維が好適である。そして、前記
の不織布は開孔率を少なくとも９８％にすることが望ま
しい。これらの耐炎性フィルターは、下流側に耐炎性フ
ィルターと相互に着脱可能に吸引ファンを取り付け、換
気扇として広く使用することができる。[0006] As the bulky carbon fibers constituting the flame resistant filter, those made from coal pitch can be preferably used. As the multicomponent synthetic fiber, a core-sheath type composite fiber having a low melting point polymer on the sheath side and a high melting point polymer on the core side is preferable. The nonwoven fabric preferably has a porosity of at least 98%. In these flame resistant filters, a suction fan is detachably attached to the downstream side of the flame resistant filter and can be widely used as a ventilation fan.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を実施形態を挙げな
がら具体的に説明する。本発明の耐炎性フィルターを構
成する不織布は、バルキー性の炭素繊維と、融点の異な
るポリマーからなる多成分系合成繊維と、０ないし複数
種の第３の繊維とが混合、交絡されている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to embodiments. The nonwoven fabric constituting the flame-resistant filter of the present invention is obtained by mixing and entanglement of bulky carbon fibers, multicomponent synthetic fibers composed of polymers having different melting points, and zero or more types of third fibers.
【０００８】本発明において「バルキー性」はかさ高性
と同意であって、前記の不織布の構成繊維であるバルキ
ー性炭素繊維は、繊維形状が不規則にカールしあるいは
捲縮と類似の形状に変形した炭素繊維である。例えば、
石炭ピッチを原料とする市販のカール状等方性炭素繊維
があげられる。繊維がカール状に変形しているため他の
繊維と交絡しやすくバネのような働きがあって、優れた
バルキー性を発現することができる。参考までにバルキ
ー性炭素繊維の形状例を図１に図面に代えて拡大写真
（倍率１００倍）で示す。バルキー性炭素繊維は、通常
の炎や高温ガスに直接さらされても燃焼したり溶融、熱
変形して孔があくようなことはない。炭素繊維の繊維径
は１０〜２５μｍが好ましく、１２〜２０μｍがより好
ましい。繊維径１０μｍ以下ではバネ性に乏しく、また
２５μｍ以上になると繊維が折れやすくなって、バルキ
ー性が低下する傾向がある。In the present invention, "bulky" is synonymous with bulkiness, and the bulky carbon fiber which is a constituent fiber of the nonwoven fabric has an irregular curl or a shape similar to crimp. It is a deformed carbon fiber. For example,
Commercially available curled isotropic carbon fibers made from coal pitch are examples. Since the fibers are deformed in a curl shape, they are easily entangled with other fibers and have a function like a spring, so that excellent bulky properties can be exhibited. For reference, an example of the shape of the bulky carbon fiber is shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged photograph (magnification: 100) instead of the drawing. Even if the bulky carbon fiber is directly exposed to a normal flame or a high-temperature gas, it does not burn, melt, or be thermally deformed to form pores. The fiber diameter of the carbon fiber is preferably from 10 to 25 μm, more preferably from 12 to 20 μm. When the fiber diameter is 10 μm or less, the spring properties are poor. When the fiber diameter is 25 μm or more, the fibers are easily broken and the bulkiness tends to decrease.
【０００９】不織布の構成繊維である融点の異なるポリ
マーからなる多成分系合成繊維は、バルキー性炭素繊維
や前記の第３の繊維と混合し交絡させて不織布にする。
得られた不織布を低融点ポリマーと高融点ポリマーの融
点温度の中間の適度な温度で加熱処理し、高融点ポリマ
ー部分を溶融させないで、低融点ポリマー部分を溶融す
る。溶融した低融点ポリマー部分は、バインダーとして
バルキー性炭素繊維や他の構成繊維に熱融着し、繊維間
を部分的に接合して不織布の強度を高める。また、高融
点ポリマー部分は溶融することなく不織布のバルキー性
を保持する。これに反し、単一融点の熱可塑性合成繊維
を他の繊維に交絡させて熱融着に用いると、熱可塑性合
成繊維が収縮変形し、すなわち熱へたりが起こって必要
とされるバルキー性が得られ難い。本発明の耐炎性フィ
ルターに使用する不織布には、バルキー性炭素繊維およ
び多成分系合成繊維に加え、前記多成分系合成繊維の融
着成分よりも高融点の熱可塑性合成繊維、融点を持たな
い合成繊維、天然繊維を第３の繊維として組合わせて用
い、所要の特性を得ることも可能である。[0009] The multicomponent synthetic fibers composed of polymers having different melting points, which are constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric, are mixed with bulky carbon fibers or the third fiber and entangled to form a nonwoven fabric.
The obtained nonwoven fabric is heat-treated at an appropriate temperature between the melting points of the low-melting polymer and the high-melting polymer to melt the low-melting polymer portion without melting the high-melting polymer portion. The melted low-melting polymer portion is thermally fused to bulky carbon fibers and other constituent fibers as a binder, and the fibers are partially joined to increase the strength of the nonwoven fabric. In addition, the high melting point polymer portion maintains the bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric without melting. On the other hand, when a thermoplastic synthetic fiber having a single melting point is entangled with another fiber and used for heat fusion, the thermoplastic synthetic fiber shrinks and deforms, that is, the bulkiness required by the heat sag occurs. It is hard to obtain. The nonwoven fabric used in the flame-resistant filter of the present invention has, in addition to the bulky carbon fiber and the multi-component synthetic fiber, a thermoplastic synthetic fiber having a higher melting point than the fusion component of the multi-component synthetic fiber, does not have a melting point. Synthetic fibers and natural fibers can be used in combination as the third fiber to obtain the required properties.
【００１０】多成分系合成繊維としては、芯鞘型、海島
型、張合せ型などの複合繊維、針状型などの混合繊維が
あげられる。これらの多成分系合成繊維では複合繊維が
好ましく、中でも、鞘側を低融点ポリマーで芯側を高融
点ポリマーで構成した芯鞘型複合繊維は好適である。加
熱処理により、高融点ポリマーからなる芯部は元の形状
を保ったまま、鞘の部分だけが熱溶融し炭素繊維などに
融着させることができる。張合せ型などの断面が非点対
称の複合繊維は加熱により捲縮されるために、不織布の
形状が変わることがあるが、芯鞘型複合繊維は断面が点
対称に形成されているのでそのおそれは小さい。バルキ
ー性を保つため芯部の繊度は１デニール以上にすること
が望ましい。Examples of the multicomponent synthetic fibers include conjugate fibers such as core-sheath type, sea-island type and bonded type, and mixed fibers such as needle type. Among these multicomponent synthetic fibers, conjugate fibers are preferable, and among them, core-sheath type conjugate fibers having a low melting point polymer on the sheath side and a high melting point polymer on the core side are preferable. By the heat treatment, only the sheath portion can be thermally melted and fused to the carbon fiber or the like while the core portion made of the high melting point polymer maintains its original shape. Since non-point symmetrical composite fibers such as laminating type are crimped by heating, the shape of the non-woven fabric may change. The fear is small. It is desirable that the fineness of the core be 1 denier or more in order to maintain bulkiness.
【００１１】多成分系合成繊維の融点の異なるポリマー
の組合せとしては、例えば２成分系ではポリエチレンと
ポリプロピレン、ポリプロピレンとポリエチレンテレフ
タレート、ポリエチレンとポリエチレンテレフタレー
ト、ポリエチレンテレフタレートとポリエチレンテレフ
タレートなどがあげられる。低融点ポリマーと他のポリ
マーとの融点差は少なくとも５０℃、好ましくは８０℃
以上ある方が熱融着させやすく、安定したバルキー性を
得ることができる。これらの多成分系合成繊維は市中に
おいて入手することができる。As a combination of polymers having different melting points of the multicomponent synthetic fibers, for example, in the case of a two-component synthetic fiber, polyethylene and polypropylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate and the like can be mentioned. The melting point difference between the low melting polymer and the other polymer is at least 50 ° C, preferably 80 ° C
With the above, heat fusion is easier and stable bulkiness can be obtained. These multi-component synthetic fibers are commercially available.
【００１２】次に、不織布を構成する繊維の混合比につ
いて説明する。各繊維の混合比は、使用する繊維の種類
や組合せにより適宜に選択する必要があって一概に規定
できない。しかし、ごく一般的に不織布中のバルキー性
炭素繊維の混合量は４０〜９０重量％が望ましく、とく
に５０〜８０重量％が好ましい。炭素繊維の混合量が４
０重量％以下になると、耐炎フィルターとして使用した
際、突発的な風炎と高温に耐えるだけの絡み強度に乏し
くなり、また９０重量％以上混合すればフィルター材と
しての強度を得にくくなる。また、不織布中のバルキー
性炭素繊維の目付量は１５ｇ／ｍ2 以上が望ましく、２
０ｇ／ｍ2 以上がより好ましい。１５ｇｍ2 以下では突
発的な風炎に触れると破れてしまうことがある。Next, the mixing ratio of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric will be described. The mixing ratio of each fiber must be appropriately selected depending on the type and combination of the fibers used, and cannot be specified unconditionally. However, in general, the amount of the bulky carbon fibers in the nonwoven fabric is desirably 40 to 90% by weight, particularly preferably 50 to 80% by weight. Carbon fiber mixing amount is 4
When the content is less than 0% by weight, when used as a flame resistant filter, the entanglement strength enough to withstand sudden wind flames and high temperatures is poor, and when 90% by weight or more is mixed, it becomes difficult to obtain the strength as a filter material. Further, the basis weight of the bulky carbon fibers in the nonwoven fabric is desirably 15 g / m 2 or more.
0 g / m 2 or more is more preferable. If it is less than 15 gm 2 , it may be broken when it comes into contact with sudden wind flame.
【００１３】本発明に用いる不織布中の多成分系合成繊
維の混合量は、通常１０〜５０重量％が好ましい。混合
量が１０重量％以下では炭素繊維を交絡し熱融着させた
ときに十分な接着力が得られず炭素繊維の飛散が多くな
り、また５０重量％以上では著しく難燃性が低下するこ
とがある。The mixing amount of the multicomponent synthetic fibers in the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is usually preferably from 10 to 50% by weight. If the mixing amount is 10% by weight or less, sufficient adhesion is not obtained when carbon fibers are entangled and heat-sealed, so that the carbon fibers are scattered. There is.
【００１４】また、前記のバルキー性炭素繊維および多
成分系合成繊維を除く第３の繊維は、一般に４０重量％
を超えない範囲で適量を混合することができる。耐炎フ
ィルターのバルキー性を低下させないため、多成分系合
成繊維の低融点ポリマーの融点よりも高い融点を有する
繊維を混合するのが望ましい。さらに均一な融着を実施
するために多成分系合成繊維の高融点ポリマーよりも高
融点の、または融点のない繊維を混合する方が好まし
い。The third fibers other than the bulky carbon fibers and the multicomponent synthetic fibers are generally 40% by weight.
An appropriate amount can be mixed within a range not exceeding. In order not to reduce the bulkiness of the flame resistant filter, it is desirable to mix fibers having a melting point higher than the melting point of the low melting point polymer of the multicomponent synthetic fiber. In order to achieve more uniform fusion, it is preferable to mix fibers having a higher melting point or no melting point than the high melting point polymer of the multicomponent synthetic fiber.
【００１５】本発明の耐炎性フィルターには、有機ハロ
ゲン系以外の難燃性樹脂や難燃剤を必要に応じて少量併
用することで、防炎性を高めることができる。前記の難
燃剤としては有機ハロゲン系以外のもので燃焼しても環
境に安全なものを使用することが望ましい。例えば、無
機系ではアンモニウム塩系、アルカリ金属塩系など、有
機系ではリン酸塩系、スルファミン酸塩系等を選択使用
すればよい。本発明の耐炎性フィルターには、通常、次
式で示される開孔率（％）が９８％以上の前記不織布を
使用することが望ましい。The flame resistance of the flame-resistant filter of the present invention can be improved by using a small amount of a flame-retardant resin or a flame retardant other than the organic halogen-based resin as required. As the above-mentioned flame retardant, it is desirable to use an environmentally safe one even if it is burned with an organic halogen-based one. For example, inorganic salts such as ammonium salts and alkali metal salts, and organics such as phosphate and sulfamate may be selectively used. In general, it is desirable to use the nonwoven fabric having a porosity (%) represented by the following formula of 98% or more for the flame resistant filter of the present invention.
【００１６】 開孔率（％）＝（１−Ｖｆ／Ｖｗ）×１００ 但し、Ｖｆ＝Ｗｃ／ρｃ＋Ｗｍ／ρｍ＋Ｗｓ／ρｓ＋Ｗ
ｂ／ρｂ Ｖｗ：耐炎性フィルターの不織布の見掛け容積（ｃ
ｍ3 ） Ｖｆ：Ｖｗ中に含まれる繊維及び難燃剤等の実容積（ｃ
ｍ3 ） Ｗｃ：Ｖｗ中に含まれるバルキー性炭素繊維の乾燥重量
（ｇ） ρｃ：バルキー性炭素繊維の比重 Ｗｍ：Ｖｗ中に含まれる多成分系複合繊維の乾燥重量
（ｇ） ρｍ：多成分系複合繊維の比重 Ｗｓ：Ｖｗ中に含まれる第３の繊維の乾燥重量（ｇ） ρｓ：第３の繊維の比重 Ｗｂ：Ｖｗ中に含まれる難燃剤等の乾燥重量（ｇ） ρｂ：難燃剤の比重 開孔率が９８％より小さくなると、図２（ｂ）に示すよ
うに炎がフィルターを抜けにくくなる傾向を生じてフィ
ルター表面に沿って炎が広がり易くなり、難燃効果に低
下傾向がみられるようになる。また圧力損失が大きくな
って排気能力が減少してくる。開孔率が９８％をこえる
ものでは、図２（ａ）に示すように炎がフィルター表面
で広がらずにフィルターを通り抜け、面方向の延焼を防
ぎ難燃効果が向上してくる。フィルターに有機難燃性樹
脂や有機難燃剤の使用量を最少限に、あるいは使用しな
いで済ますことができる。Opening ratio (%) = (1−Vf / Vw) × 100 where Vf = Wc / ρc + Wm / ρm + Ws / ρs + W
b / ρb Vw: apparent volume of nonwoven fabric of flame resistant filter (c
m 3 ) Vf: Actual volume of fibers and flame retardant contained in Vw (c
m 3 ) Wc: Dry weight of bulky carbon fiber contained in Vw (g) ρc: Specific gravity of bulky carbon fiber Wm: Dry weight of multicomponent conjugate fiber contained in Vw (g) ρm: Multicomponent Specific gravity of conjugated composite fiber Ws: Dry weight of third fiber contained in Vw (g) ρs: Specific gravity of third fiber Wb: Dry weight of flame retardant or the like contained in Vw (g) ρb: Flame retardant When the porosity is less than 98%, the flame tends to be less likely to pass through the filter as shown in FIG. 2 (b), so that the flame tends to spread along the filter surface and the flame retardant effect tends to decrease. Will be seen. Also, the pressure loss increases and the exhaust capacity decreases. When the porosity exceeds 98%, as shown in FIG. 2A, the flame does not spread on the filter surface but passes through the filter, preventing the spread of fire in the surface direction and improving the flame retardant effect. The amount of organic flame-retardant resin and organic flame-retardant used in the filter can be minimized or eliminated.
【００１７】前記の本発明耐炎性フィルターは耐炎性に
優れているので、下流側をファンの吸気側に接続すれ
ば、調理場に限られず金属の油焼入れの作業場などにお
いて、含まれる油煙や煤等を捕集し熱風や悪臭気体を排
出する換気扇として好適である。また、この換気扇は圧
力損失が小さく大量の排気量を得ることができる。Since the flame-resistant filter of the present invention is excellent in flame resistance, if the downstream side is connected to the intake side of a fan, oily smoke and soot contained in a metal oil quenching work place and the like are not limited to a cooking place. It is suitable as a ventilation fan for collecting hot air and odorous gas. In addition, this ventilation fan has a small pressure loss and can obtain a large amount of exhaust air.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】次に、本発明耐炎性フィルター及び比較のた
めの耐炎性フィルターを試作して耐炎性試験を実施し、
比較例と比較して本発明の効果を確認したので具体的に
説明する。フィルターの耐炎性試験には次のＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ
法を用いた。 １．Ａ法 プラスチック材料の燃焼試験規格ＵＬ９４（９４Ｖ−Ｏ
材料分類の垂直燃焼試験方法）に基づき、図３に示す状
態で各フィルターに用いた不織布に炎を直接接触させ、
その燃焼状態により評価した。EXAMPLES Next, a flame resistance test was conducted by trial production of a flame resistance filter of the present invention and a flame resistance filter for comparison.
The effect of the present invention has been confirmed in comparison with the comparative example, and will be specifically described. The following A, B, and C are used for the flame resistance test of the filter.
Method was used. 1. Method A Combustion test standard for plastic materials UL94 (94V-O
Based on the vertical combustion test method of the material classification), the flame was brought into direct contact with the nonwoven fabric used for each filter in the state shown in FIG.
Evaluation was made based on the combustion state.
【００１９】２．Ｂ法 繊維製品の燃焼性試験方法（ＪＩＳ Ｌ１０９１ Ａ−
１法）に基づき、４５度ミクロバーナー法により図４の
示す状態で各フィルターに用いた不織布に炎を直接接触
させ、その燃焼状態により評価した。 ３．Ｃ法 耐風炎性の試験として、筒先内径２０ｍｍのバーナー
（カセットコンロ用ブタンガスカートリッジボンベに取
付け）を使用し、図５に示す状態で炎が水平方向に約４
０ｃｍの長さになるようにガス量および空気量を調整
し、炎の先端から約１０ｃｍの辺りまで炎が直接当たる
位置に各フィルターに用いた不織布（内寸３０ｃｍ角の
枠に張り付けたもの）を炎に垂直において、バーナーの
風炎に５秒間曝した。不織布の燃焼状態により評価し
た。2. Method B Flammability test method for textile products (JIS L1091 A-
1), a flame was brought into direct contact with the non-woven fabric used for each filter in the state shown in FIG. 4 by a 45-degree micro burner method, and the state of combustion was evaluated. 3. Method C As a test for wind-flame resistance, a burner having a cylinder tip inner diameter of 20 mm (attached to a butane gas cartridge cylinder for a cassette stove) was used.
Adjust the amount of gas and air so that the length becomes 0 cm, and the non-woven fabric used for each filter at the position where the flame hits directly from the tip of the flame to about 10 cm (attached to a frame of 30 cm square inside) Was exposed to the burner wind flame for 5 seconds, perpendicular to the flame. The evaluation was based on the combustion state of the nonwoven fabric.
【００２０】実施例１ バルキー性炭素繊維として径が１３μｍの石炭ピッチ系
炭素繊維（ドナカーボ：（株）ドナック製）７０重量％
を、多成分系合成繊維として鞘側が融点１３０℃のポリ
エチレンテレフタレート、芯側が融点２００℃のポリエ
チレンテレフタレートで構成された、繊度が３デニール
の芯鞘型複合繊維（メルティ：ユニチカ（株）製）３０
重量％とを混合交絡させてウエッブを製造した。このウ
エッブを１６０℃で熱処理し芯鞘型複合繊維と炭素繊維
とを熱融着させ、目付４０ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ２．９５ｍ
ｍ、開孔率９９．１％の不織布とし、本発明の耐炎性フ
ィルターを得た。この不織布について前記のＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ
法を実施して耐炎性の評価を行った。結果を表１に示
す。Example 1 70% by weight of coal pitch-based carbon fiber having a diameter of 13 μm as a bulky carbon fiber (Donna Carbo: manufactured by Donac Co., Ltd.)
As a multi-component synthetic fiber, a sheath-side composite fiber having a denier of 3 denier (Melty: manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) 30 composed of polyethylene terephthalate having a melting point of 130 ° C. on the sheath side and polyethylene terephthalate having a melting point of 200 ° C. on the core side.
The mixture was mixed and entangled with the weight% to produce a web. The web was heat-treated at 160 ° C. to heat-bond the core-sheath type composite fiber and the carbon fiber to obtain a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 and a thickness of 2.95 m.
m, a non-woven fabric having an opening ratio of 99.1% was obtained to obtain a flame-resistant filter of the present invention. About this nonwoven fabric, A, B, C
The flame resistance was evaluated by implementing the method. Table 1 shows the results.
【００２１】実施例２ 実施例１で使用したのと同じバルキー性炭素繊維６０重
量％を、多成分系合成繊維として鞘側が融点１１０℃の
ポリエチレン、芯側が融点１７０℃のポリプロピレンで
構成された、繊度が３デニールの芯鞘型複合繊維（ＥＳ
繊維：チッソ（株）製）３０重量％とを混合、交絡させ
てウエッブを製造した。このウエッブに固形分で１０重
量％のリン酸グアニジン系難燃剤をスプレーし、１４０
℃で熱処理して芯鞘型複合繊維を炭素繊維に熱融着さ
せ、目付４０ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ２．４２ｍｍ、開孔率９
８．９％の耐炎性フィルターを得た。実施例１と同様の
評価を実施したので、結果を表１に示す。Example 2 The same bulky carbon fiber as used in Example 1 was composed of 60% by weight of a multicomponent synthetic fiber composed of polyethylene having a melting point of 110 ° C. on the sheath side and polypropylene having a melting point of 170 ° C. on the core side. Core-sheath type composite fiber with a fineness of 3 denier (ES
The mixture was mixed with 30% by weight of fiber (manufactured by Chisso Corporation) and entangled to produce a web. The web was sprayed with a guanidine phosphate flame retardant of 10% by weight in solid content,
C. and heat-fused the core-sheath type composite fiber to the carbon fiber to obtain a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 , a thickness of 2.42 mm, and a porosity of 9
An 8.9% flame resistant filter was obtained. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００２２】実施例３ 径が１８μｍである以外は実施例１で使用したのと同じ
バルキー性炭素繊維５０重量％、多成分系合成繊維とし
て鞘側が融点１３０℃のポリエチレンテレフタレート、
芯側が融点２５０℃のポリエチレンテレフタレートで構
成された、繊度が２デニールの芯鞘型複合繊維（ソフィ
ット：（株）クラレ製）２０重量％、および繊度が２デ
ニール、融点２５０℃の単一ポリマーのポリエステル繊
維１０重量％を混合、交絡させてウエッブを製造した。
このウエッブにスルファミン酸グアニジン系難燃剤を固
形分で２０重量％含浸し、１８０℃で熱処理して芯鞘型
複合繊維を炭素繊維およびモノポリマータイプのポリエ
ステル繊維に熱融着させ、目付５０ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ２．
０５ｍｍ、開孔率９８．５％の不織布とし、本発明の耐
炎性フィルターを得た。実施例１と同様の評価を実施し
たので、結果を表１に示す。Example 3 The same bulky carbon fiber as used in Example 1 except that the diameter was 18 μm, 50% by weight, polyethylene terephthalate having a melting point of 130 ° C. on the sheath side as a multicomponent synthetic fiber,
20% by weight of a core-sheath type composite fiber having a fineness of 2 denier (Sofit: manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) composed of polyethylene terephthalate having a melting point of 250 ° C. and a single polymer having a fineness of 2 denier and a melting point of 250 ° C. A web was manufactured by mixing and entanglement of 10% by weight of polyester fiber.
This web is impregnated with a guanidine sulfamate-based flame retardant of 20% by weight in solid content, and heat-treated at 180 ° C. to thermally fuse the core-sheath type composite fiber to carbon fiber and monopolymer type polyester fiber, and to obtain a weight per unit area of 50 g / m 2. 2 , thickness 2.
The flame-resistant filter of the present invention was obtained as a nonwoven fabric having a diameter of 05 mm and an opening ratio of 98.5%. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００２３】比較例１ 繊度が１．５デニールのアクリル系難燃繊維（ボンネル
ＭＶＰ：三菱レーヨン（株）製）３０重量％と融点が２
５５℃の単一ポリマーからなるポリエステル繊維３０重
量％を混合、交絡させてウエッブを製造した。このウエ
ッブに、塩化ビニル−アクリル系共重合体エマルジョン
（ビニブラン６０９：日信化学工業（株）製）を固形分
で４０重量％含浸し１５０℃で乾燥して、目付４５ｇ／
ｍ2 、厚さ１．９３ｍｍ、開孔率９８．２％の不織布と
し、耐炎性フィルターを得た。実施例１と同様の評価を
実施したので、結果を表１に示す。Comparative Example 1 Acrylic flame-retardant fiber having a fineness of 1.5 denier (Bonnel MVP: manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) 30% by weight and a melting point of 2
A web was manufactured by mixing and entangled 30% by weight of polyester fiber consisting of a single polymer at 55 ° C. This web was impregnated with a vinyl chloride-acrylic copolymer emulsion (Viniblanc 609: manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) at a solid content of 40% by weight, dried at 150 ° C., and dried at a basis weight of 45 g / g.
A non-woven fabric having a m 2 , a thickness of 1.93 mm and a porosity of 98.2% was obtained to obtain a flame-resistant filter. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００２４】比較例２ 径が７μｍでストレート型のＰＡＮ系炭素繊維（ベスフ
ァイト：東邦レーヨン（株）製）６０重量％と、鞘側が
融点１３０℃のポリエチレンテレフタレート、芯側が融
点２００℃のポリエチレンテレフタレートで構成され
た、繊度が３デニールの芯鞘型複合繊維（メルティ：ユ
ニチカ（株）製）３０重量％とを混合、交絡させてウエ
ッブを製造した。このウエッブにリン酸グアニジン系難
燃剤を固形分で１０重量％含浸し、１６０℃で熱処理し
芯鞘型複合繊維を炭素繊維に熱融着させ、目付４０ｇ／
ｍ2 、厚さ０．７５ｍｍ、開孔率９６．９％の不織布と
し、耐炎性フィルターを得た。実施例１と同様の評価を
実施したので、結果を表１に示す。Comparative Example 2 Straight PAN-based carbon fiber having a diameter of 7 μm (Vesfight: manufactured by Toho Rayon Co., Ltd.), 60% by weight, polyethylene terephthalate having a sheath side having a melting point of 130 ° C., and polyethylene terephthalate having a core side having a melting point of 200 ° C. Was mixed with 30% by weight of a core-sheath composite fiber having a fineness of 3 denier (Melty: manufactured by Unitika Ltd.), and entangled to produce a web. This web was impregnated with a guanidine phosphate-based flame retardant at a solid content of 10% by weight, and heat-treated at 160 ° C. to thermally fuse the core-sheath type composite fiber to the carbon fiber.
A non-woven fabric with m 2 , thickness of 0.75 mm and porosity of 96.9% was obtained to obtain a flame-resistant filter. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００２５】比較例３ 実施例１で使用した径が１３μｍのバルキー性炭素繊維
７０重量％と繊度３デニール、融点１３０℃の単一ポリ
マーの低融点ポリエステル繊維３０重量％とを混合、交
絡させてウエッブを製造した。このウエッブを１７０℃
で熱処理してポリエステル繊維を炭素繊維に熱融着さ
せ、目付５０ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ１．４２ｍｍ、開孔率９
７．６％の不織布とし、耐炎性フィルターを得た。実施
例１と同様の評価を実施したので、結果を表１に示す。Comparative Example 3 70% by weight of bulky carbon fiber having a diameter of 13 μm used in Example 1 and 30% by weight of a single polymer low melting point polyester fiber having a denier of 3 denier and a melting point of 130 ° C. were mixed and entangled. A web was manufactured. 170 ° C
To heat-bond the polyester fiber to the carbon fiber, to give a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 , a thickness of 1.42 mm, and a porosity of 9
A 7.6% nonwoven fabric was used to obtain a flame resistant filter. The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００２６】[0026]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】本発明の耐炎性フィルターは、バルキー
性炭素繊維を主体に構成された不織布を用いるので、通
常の炎や高温ガスに直接さらされても燃焼したり溶融、
熱変形して孔があくようなことはなく元の形状を保持す
ることができる。また、他の構成繊維である融点の異な
るポリマーからなる多成分系合成繊維は、低融点ポリマ
ー部分がバインダーとして、高融点ポリマー部分がバル
キー性を保持する作用を奏する。本発明耐炎性フィルタ
ーは高開孔率であってもしっかりした不織布からなり、
炎が直接接触しても、基本形状を保持し環境に有害なガ
スの発生がなく、また強度があり繊維の飛散が少なく人
体に刺激感を与えないため取扱い上極めて安全である。
開孔率を９８％以上にすれば、圧力損失が小さく通気能
力にも優れているので、調理場用などの換気扇に好適に
利用することができる。The flame-resistant filter of the present invention uses a non-woven fabric mainly composed of bulky carbon fibers, so that it burns or melts even when directly exposed to a normal flame or high-temperature gas.
The original shape can be maintained without causing holes due to thermal deformation. Further, the multi-component synthetic fibers made of polymers having different melting points, which are other constituent fibers, have an effect that the low melting point polymer portion acts as a binder and the high melting point polymer portion maintains bulkiness. The flame-resistant filter of the present invention is made of a firm nonwoven even with a high porosity,
Even if the flame is in direct contact, it retains its basic shape and does not generate gas harmful to the environment. It is also very safe to handle because it is strong, has little scattering of fibers, and does not irritate the human body.
When the porosity is 98% or more, the pressure loss is small and the ventilation capacity is excellent, so that it can be suitably used for a ventilation fan for a kitchen.
【図１】図面に代えて示す本発明に使用するバルキー性
炭素繊維の拡大写真（拡大率１００倍）FIG. 1 is an enlarged photograph of a bulky carbon fiber used in the present invention shown in place of a drawing (magnification: 100 times).
【図２】本発明の難燃効果の説明図FIG. 2 is an illustration of the flame retardant effect of the present invention.
【図３】耐炎試験Ａ法の説明図FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a flame resistance test A method.
【図４】耐炎試験Ｂ法の説明図FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a flame resistance test B method.
【図５】耐炎試験Ｃ法の説明図FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a flame resistance test C method.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｆ２４Ｆ 7/06 １０１ Ｆ２４Ｆ 7/06 １０１Ａ ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code FI F24F 7/06 101 F24F 7/06 101A
Claims (6)
リマーからなる多成分系合成繊維と、０ないし複数種の
第３の繊維とが混合、交絡され、かつ、多成分系合成繊
維が部分的に他の構成繊維に熱融着されている不織布か
らなることを特徴とする耐炎性フィルター。1. A multi-component synthetic fiber composed of bulky carbon fiber, a polymer having a different melting point, and zero or more third fibers are mixed and entangled, and the multi-component synthetic fiber is partially entangled. A flame resistant filter comprising a nonwoven fabric which is thermally fused to other constituent fibers.
量％と、融点の異なるポリマーからなる多成分系合成繊
維の１０ないし５０重量％と、０ないし複数種の第３の
繊維の０ないし４０重量％とが混合、交絡され、かつ、
多成分系合成繊維が部分的に他の構成繊維に熱融着され
ている不織布からなることを特徴とする耐炎性フィルタ
ー。2. 40 to 90% by weight of bulky carbon fiber, 10 to 50% by weight of a multicomponent synthetic fiber composed of polymers having different melting points, and 0 to 40% of zero to plural kinds of third fibers. Weight% and mixed and entangled, and
A flame resistant filter comprising a nonwoven fabric in which a multicomponent synthetic fiber is partially heat-sealed to other constituent fibers.
を原料とするものであることを特徴とする請求項１また
は２記載の耐炎性フィルター。3. The flame-resistant filter according to claim 1, wherein the bulky carbon fiber is made from coal pitch.
ポリマーで、芯側を高融点ポリマーで構成した芯鞘型の
複合繊維であることを特徴とする請求項１、２または３
記載の耐炎性フィルター。4. The multi-component synthetic fiber according to claim 1, wherein said multi-component synthetic fiber is a core-sheath type composite fiber having a low melting point polymer on a sheath side and a high melting point polymer on a core side. 3
The flame resistant filter as described.
であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし４のいずれかに
記載の耐炎性フィルター。5. The nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein said nonwoven fabric has a porosity of at least 98%.
The flame-resistant filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
の下流側に、吸引ファンが耐炎性フィルターと相互に着
脱可能に取り付けられていることを特徴とする換気扇。6. A ventilation fan, characterized in that a suction fan is detachably mounted on the downstream side of the flame-resistant filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10120555A JPH11309315A (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1998-04-30 | Flame-resistant filter and ventilation fan |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10120555A JPH11309315A (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1998-04-30 | Flame-resistant filter and ventilation fan |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11309315A true JPH11309315A (en) | 1999-11-09 |
Family
ID=14789213
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10120555A Pending JPH11309315A (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1998-04-30 | Flame-resistant filter and ventilation fan |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11309315A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002316009A (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-29 | Japan Vilene Co Ltd | Flame resistant filter medium |
| JP2006233358A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-09-07 | Shinwa Kk | Reinforcing material for air filter |
| JP2006281108A (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-19 | Kureha Ltd | Filter for ventilation fan and production method of the same |
| JP2015037783A (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2015-02-26 | ドナルドソン カンパニー，インコーポレイティド | Filter medium |
| US9795906B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2017-10-24 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter medium and breather filter structure |
-
1998
- 1998-04-30 JP JP10120555A patent/JPH11309315A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002316009A (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-29 | Japan Vilene Co Ltd | Flame resistant filter medium |
| JP2015037783A (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2015-02-26 | ドナルドソン カンパニー，インコーポレイティド | Filter medium |
| US9795906B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2017-10-24 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter medium and breather filter structure |
| USRE47737E1 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2019-11-26 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter medium and structure |
| US10610813B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2020-04-07 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter medium and breather filter structure |
| USRE49097E1 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2022-06-07 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter medium and structure |
| US11504663B2 (en) | 2004-11-05 | 2022-11-22 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter medium and breather filter structure |
| JP2006233358A (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-09-07 | Shinwa Kk | Reinforcing material for air filter |
| JP4648725B2 (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2011-03-09 | シンワ株式会社 | Reinforcing material for air filter material |
| JP2006281108A (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-19 | Kureha Ltd | Filter for ventilation fan and production method of the same |
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