JPH11267101A - Visual field measuring method and apparatus - Google Patents
Visual field measuring method and apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11267101A JPH11267101A JP10071616A JP7161698A JPH11267101A JP H11267101 A JPH11267101 A JP H11267101A JP 10071616 A JP10071616 A JP 10071616A JP 7161698 A JP7161698 A JP 7161698A JP H11267101 A JPH11267101 A JP H11267101A
- Authority
- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- background
- visual field
- flicker
- period
- cycle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、視野測定方法及び
装置、更に詳細には、形成された視標のちらつき(フリ
ッカー)に基づき被検者のフリッカー視野を測定する視
野測定方法及び装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a visual field measuring method and apparatus, and more particularly, to a visual field measuring method and apparatus for measuring a flicker visual field of a subject based on flicker of a formed visual target.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より視野検査測定は眼科診断あるい
は頭蓋内疾患において広く有用性が認められ測定が行わ
れている。この従来行われてきた視野検査は明度識別視
野検査と呼ばれるもので、所定の視野内に所定の明るさ
で表示される視標を被検者が認識できるかどうかを検査
していた。近年、早期に緑内障性視野変化を検出する方
法として、フリッカー視野測定が注目されている。この
方法は視野内に所定の明るさの視標を表示するだけでは
なく、その表示にちらつきを持たせ、そのちらつき速度
(周波数)を変化させて、被検者がちらつきを認識でき
る能力を検査する方法である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, perimetry has been widely used for ophthalmic diagnosis or intracranial disease, and measurement has been carried out. This conventionally performed visual field inspection is called a lightness discrimination visual field inspection, and inspects whether or not the subject can recognize an optotype displayed at a predetermined brightness in a predetermined visual field. In recent years, flicker perimetry has been attracting attention as a method for early detection of glaucomatous visual field change. This method not only displays an optotype with a predetermined brightness in the visual field, but also makes the display flicker, and changes the flicker speed (frequency) to test the ability of the subject to recognize the flicker. How to
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】これまでフリッカー視
野測定は検査が複雑なため、被検者の検査に対する理解
と鍛練が必要とされていた。すなわち明度識別視野検査
では、被検者は視野の中心付近を固視していて、視野内
のどこかに光を感じれば、その合図を検者に送ればよか
ったが、フリッカー視野検査では、中心付近を固視しな
がら感じた光のちらつきを認識しなければならないの
で、固視が不安定になりやすく測定に時間がかかり、ま
た測定結果の信頼性も問題となっていた。更に、被検者
にかかる精神的、体力的な苦痛も大きく、被検者に多大
の負担を課している、という問題があった。Until now, flicker visual field measurement has required complicated understanding and training of the subject due to the complicated inspection. In other words, in the brightness discrimination visual field test, the subject fixed his eye on the vicinity of the center of the visual field, and if he felt light somewhere in the visual field, he had to send a cue to the examiner. Since it is necessary to recognize the flickering of the light while staring at the vicinity, the fixation tends to be unstable, and it takes a long time for the measurement, and the reliability of the measurement result is also a problem. Further, there is a problem that the subject suffers a great deal of mental and physical pain and places a great burden on the subject.
【0004】本発明は、上記問題を解決するためになさ
れたもので、被検者を不安定にさせることなく、信頼性
のあるフリッカー視野測定ができる視野測定方法及び装
置を提供することをその課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a visual field measurement method and apparatus which can perform a reliable flicker visual field measurement without making a subject unstable. Make it an issue.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、この課題を解
決するために、所定色の背景を形成し、色が互いに異な
りかつ重ね合わせたとき背景と同じ色で同じ明るさにな
る同じ大きさの第1と第2の視標を形成し、前記第1と
第2の視標を周期を変化させて交互に前記背景の所定位
置にずれなく重ね合わせて表示し、周期を長くしたとき
に発生する視標のちらつきに被検者が応答したときの周
期を求め、前記求めた周期に基づきフリッカー視野を測
定する構成を採用した。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve this problem, the present invention forms a background of a predetermined color and has the same size as the background and the same color and the same brightness when the colors are overlapped and superimposed. When the first and second optotypes are formed, and the first and second optotypes are alternately superimposed and displayed at predetermined positions on the background by changing the cycle, and the cycle is lengthened. The cycle in which the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype occurring in the above is obtained, and the flicker visual field is measured based on the obtained cycle.
【0006】また、本発明では、所定色の背景の所定位
置に視標を形成し、色が互いに異なりかつ重ね合わせた
とき背景と同じ色と同じ明るさになる光を発生する2つ
の光源で前記視標を周期を変化させて交互にずれなく照
明し、周期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに
被検者が応答したときの周期を求め、前記求めた周期に
基づきフリッカー視野を測定する構成も採用している。According to the present invention, an optotype is formed at a predetermined position on a background of a predetermined color, and two light sources which emit light having the same color and the same brightness as the background when the colors are different from each other and are superimposed. The target is illuminated alternately without changing the period by changing the period, a period when the subject responds to the flicker of the target generated when the period is lengthened is determined, and the flicker visual field is determined based on the determined period. A configuration for measuring is also adopted.
【0007】また、本発明では、所定色の背景を形成
し、色が互いに異なりかつ重ね合わせたとき背景と同じ
色と同じ明るさになる光を発生する2つの光源からの光
を周期を変化させて交互に前記背景の所定位置にそれぞ
れ同じ大きさになるように重ね合わせて投影し、周期を
長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者が応答
したときの周期を求め、前記求めた周期に基づきフリッ
カー視野を測定する構成も採用している。According to the present invention, the background of a predetermined color is formed, and the cycle of the light from two light sources that generate light having different colors from each other and having the same brightness as the background when superimposed is changed. And alternately overlap and project onto the predetermined position of the background so as to have the same size, and determine the cycle when the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype that occurs when the cycle is lengthened. A configuration in which the flicker visual field is measured based on the obtained cycle is also adopted.
【0008】更に、本発明では、所定色の背景を形成す
る手段と、色が互いに異なりかつ重ね合わせたとき背景
と同じ色で同じ明るさになる同じ大きさの第1と第2の
視標を形成する手段と、前記第1と第2の視標を交互に
前記背景の所定位置にずれなく重ね合わせて表示する手
段と、前記第1と第2の視標の表示周期を変化させる手
段と、周期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに
被検者が応答したときの周期を求める手段と、前記求め
た周期に基づきフリッカー視野を演算する手段とを有す
る構成も採用している。Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a means for forming a background of a predetermined color, and first and second optotypes of the same size which are different from each other and have the same brightness and the same color as the background when superimposed. Means for alternately displaying the first and second optotypes without overlapping at predetermined positions on the background, and means for changing the display cycle of the first and second optotypes. And a means for calculating a cycle when the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype generated when the cycle is lengthened, and a means for calculating a flicker visual field based on the obtained cycle. .
【0009】このような構成では、視標が高速に(短い
周期で)形成ないし投影されているときは、背景と同じ
色と同じ明るさになる結果ちらつきが発生せず、被検者
は、視標と背景を区別することができず、視標の存在を
認識することがない。その結果、被検者はその間不安定
になることなく固視を保つことができる。また、周期が
長くなると、視標にちらつきが発生するので、被検者は
視標を背景から区別することができ、ちらつきに容易に
応答することができる。それによりちらつきを認識した
周期ないし周波数に基づきフリッカー視野を正確に求め
ることが可能になる。In such a configuration, when the target is formed or projected at a high speed (with a short cycle), no flicker occurs as a result of the same color and the same brightness as the background. The target and the background cannot be distinguished, and the presence of the target is not recognized. As a result, the subject can keep his fixation without becoming unstable during that time. In addition, when the cycle is long, the optotype flickers, so that the subject can distinguish the optotype from the background, and can easily respond to the flicker. This makes it possible to accurately determine the flicker visual field based on the period or frequency at which flicker is recognized.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面に示す実施の形態に基
づいて本発明を詳細に説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
【0011】人間には、残照現象があるため2種類の光
源からの光A、Bを、高速に交互に見ると両光源からの
光A、Bが合成された光に見えてしまう。そこで両光源
からの光A、Bを合成した光を背景光とし、AとBを交
互に使用して視標を照明し投影させて視野検査を行な
う。このようにして視野検査を行なうとき、AとBとを
交互に使用する周期を徐々に遅くしていくと、ある周期
のところで初めて被検者はちらついている視標の存在を
認識する。視標を認識した時被検者に合図を送ってもら
い、その時の周期の値を計測すれば、ちらつきを識別す
る能力を視野のポイント毎に計測することができる。す
なわちフリッカー視野測定ができる。この方法では、被
検者は視標の認識のみ意識すればよいので、検査の負担
が従来から行われている明度識別視野検査と同じであ
り、被検者の熟練等を全く必要としない。[0011] Since a human suffers from the afterglow phenomenon, when the lights A and B from the two types of light sources are alternately viewed at high speed, the lights A and B from the two light sources appear to be combined light. Therefore, the light obtained by combining the lights A and B from both light sources is used as background light, and the target is illuminated and projected using A and B alternately to perform a visual field inspection. When performing the visual field examination in this way, if the cycle in which A and B are alternately used is gradually reduced, the subject recognizes the presence of the flickering target only at a certain cycle. When the subject is sent a signal when the target is recognized, and the cycle value at that time is measured, the ability to identify flicker can be measured for each point in the visual field. That is, flicker visual field measurement can be performed. In this method, since the subject only needs to be aware of the recognition of the optotype, the burden of the examination is the same as that of the conventional brightness discrimination visual field examination, and the subject does not require any skill or the like.
【0012】この原理を利用した視野測定装置の外観が
図1に、またその内部構成が図2に図示されている。被
検者は、その左眼10a及び右眼10bを接眼部1に当
てて着座し、内部に配置されたCRT12の像を観察す
る。CRT12の像は、図2に図示したように、倍率レ
ンズ13、リレーレンズ14及び合焦レンズ15を介し
てハーフミラー16に導かれ、ハーフミラー16を通過
した像は、シャッター11aが開放したときに保護ガラ
ス1aを介して左眼10aで観察され、また、ハーフミ
ラー16で反射した像はシャッター11bが開放したと
きに、ミラー17、保護ガラス1bを介して右眼10b
で観察される。CRT12の像は、調節ノブ2を調節し
て合焦レンズ15を移動させることにより被検者に鮮明
に観察できるようになっている。FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a visual field measuring apparatus utilizing this principle, and FIG. 2 shows the internal configuration thereof. The subject sits down with his left eye 10a and right eye 10b touching the eyepiece 1, and observes an image of the CRT 12 disposed inside. As shown in FIG. 2, the image of the CRT 12 is guided to the half mirror 16 via the magnification lens 13, the relay lens 14, and the focusing lens 15, and the image passing through the half mirror 16 is opened when the shutter 11a is opened. When the shutter 11b is opened, the image observed by the left eye 10a through the protective glass 1a and reflected by the half mirror 16 is reflected by the right eye 10b through the mirror 17 and the protective glass 1b.
Observed in. The image on the CRT 12 can be clearly observed by the subject by adjusting the adjustment knob 2 and moving the focusing lens 15.
【0013】また、視野測定装置は、内部にクロック2
1で同期して動作するCPU20を有し、CPU20は
側部に配置された指示パネル3を介して入力される指示
により各種の制御を行なう。指示パネル3により、CR
T12の表示面12a(図2(B))に表示される視標
30の位置並びにその色を指定することができ、また表
示面の背景31の色も指定することができる。視標3
0、30’の色は、例えば背景色をCとして少なくとも
2色A、Bを指定することができる。Also, the visual field measuring device has a clock 2 inside.
1, the CPU 20 operates in synchronization with each other, and the CPU 20 performs various controls according to an instruction input through an instruction panel 3 arranged on a side portion. By the indication panel 3, CR
The position and color of the target 30 displayed on the display surface 12a (FIG. 2B) at T12 can be specified, and the color of the background 31 on the display surface can also be specified. Target 3
As the colors 0 and 30 ', for example, at least two colors A and B can be designated with C as the background color.
【0014】CPU20は、指示パネル3で同じ大きさ
の視標30、30’の位置並びにその色A、B、それに
背景色Cが指定されると、キャラクタジェネレータ22
を介して視標30、30’のパターン及び所定色の固視
のためのパターン32を発生させ、指定された各色並び
に視標30、30’の位置及び固視パターンの位置(ほ
ぼ中央)に従ってVRAM23に描画パターンを書き込
む。VRAM23に書き込まれたパターンは表示回路2
4を介してCRT12に表示される。被検者は、CRT
12に表示された視標30、30’にちらつきが発生す
ると、応答スイッチ25で応答し、そのときのちらつき
周波数をもとに、フリッカー視標が演算され、それが表
示部4に表示される。また、指示パネル3を介して画角
を変更できるようになっており、視野範囲を変更をした
い場合には、CPU20は画角変換部26を介して倍率
レンズ13を他の倍率レンズ13’に変更できる。When the positions of optotypes 30, 30 'of the same size and their colors A, B, and background color C are designated on the instruction panel 3, the CPU 20 activates the character generator 22.
And a pattern 32 for fixation of a predetermined color and a fixation pattern of a predetermined color are generated through the, and according to each designated color, the position of the target 30, 30 ′ and the position of the fixation pattern (substantially at the center) The drawing pattern is written in the VRAM 23. The pattern written in the VRAM 23 is the display circuit 2
4 is displayed on the CRT 12. The subject is a CRT
When flicker occurs in the optotypes 30 and 30 ′ displayed on the display 12, the response switch 25 responds, a flicker optotype is calculated based on the flicker frequency at that time, and the result is displayed on the display unit 4. . Further, the angle of view can be changed via the instruction panel 3. When the user wants to change the field of view, the CPU 20 changes the magnification lens 13 to another magnification lens 13 ′ via the angle-of-view conversion unit 26. Can be changed.
【0015】このような構成において、視野測定の流れ
を図3を参照して説明する。まず、ステップS1におい
て、視標30、30’の色A、B及び背景31の色Cを
指定し、ステップS2においてCRT表示面12aでの
視標位置を指定する。この場合、同じ大きさの視標3
0、30’がずれなく同じ位置に重なって表示されるよ
うにする。また、ステップS3で変数nを1に設定し、
ステップS4でタイマーtを0に設定する。In such a configuration, the flow of the visual field measurement will be described with reference to FIG. First, in step S1, the colors A and B of the targets 30, 30 'and the color C of the background 31 are specified, and in step S2, the positions of the targets on the CRT display surface 12a are specified. In this case, a target 3 of the same size
0 and 30 'are displayed in the same position without being shifted. Also, in step S3, the variable n is set to 1, and
In step S4, the timer t is set to 0.
【0016】例えば、指示パネル3を介して視標30の
色Aをブルーに、視標30’の色Bをレッドに、また背
景31の色Cをマゼンタに指定し、視標30と30’の
位置を同じ位置に指定すると、CPU20は、キャラク
タジェネレータ22を介して視標30、30’のパター
ン及び固視パターンを読み出し、各指定された位置及び
色で決まるパターンX、Yを発生させ、VRAM23に
書き込み、フリッカー周期N=F*n(Fはフィールド
周期=1/60秒)で交互に描画する(ステップS
5)。For example, the color A of the target 30 is set to blue, the color B of the target 30 'is set to red, and the color C of the background 31 is set to magenta via the instruction panel 3, and the targets 30 and 30' are designated. Are designated as the same position, the CPU 20 reads the patterns and fixation patterns of the targets 30 and 30 ′ via the character generator 22 and generates patterns X and Y determined by the designated positions and colors, respectively. The data is written in the VRAM 23 and drawn alternately at the flicker cycle N = F * n (F is the field cycle = 1/60 second) (step S).
5).
【0017】パターンXは、図4(A)に示すように、
円形の固視パターン32(色は例えばグリーン)を中央
にし背景色Cとして色Aの矩形視標30が指定された位
置にくるパターンである。このパターンXでは、例え
ば、視標を通過する水平同期信号33の後のmライン
で、視標に至るまでの距離L0では、R成分、B成分が
輝度I1であり、またG成分が輝度0であるので、マゼ
ンタ色の背景がCRT12に描画され、また視標30に
達すると、R成分、G成分が0で、B成分が輝度I2
(=I1)となるので、ブルーの視標が表示され、視標
を通過すると、視標に達するまでのと同じになる。この
場合、I1=I2であるので、背景31と視標30の色は
異るが、明るさは同じになる。The pattern X is, as shown in FIG.
This is a pattern in which a rectangular optotype 30 of a color A as a background color C is located at a designated position with a circular fixation pattern 32 (color is green, for example) at the center. In the pattern X, for example, in the m lines after the horizontal synchronizing signal 33 passing through the optotype, at a distance L0 to the optotype, the R component and the B component have luminance I1, and the G component has luminance 0. Therefore, when the magenta background is drawn on the CRT 12 and reaches the optotype 30, the R component and the G component are 0, and the B component is the luminance I2.
Since (= I1), the blue target is displayed, and after passing through the target, it becomes the same as when reaching the target. In this case, since I1 = I2, the background 31 and the optotype 30 have different colors, but have the same brightness.
【0018】また、パターンYでは、mラインの視標に
至るまでの距離L0では、パターンXと同様にマゼンタ
色の背景がCRT12に描画され、また視標30’に達
すると、G成分、B成分が0で、R成分が輝度I2(=
I1)となるので、レッドの視標が表示され、視標を通
過すると、視標に達するまでのと同じになる。この場
合、I1=I2であるので、背景31と視標30’の色は
異るが、明るさは同じになる。また視標30’は視標3
0と同じ形状でずれなく互いに重なるような位置であ
る。In the pattern Y, a magenta background is drawn on the CRT 12 at a distance L0 up to the m-line target, similarly to the pattern X, and when the target reaches the target 30 ', the G component, B The component is 0 and the R component is luminance I2 (=
I1), the red target is displayed, and when passing through the target, it becomes the same as before reaching the target. In this case, since I1 = I2, the background 31 and the target 30 'have different colors but the same brightness. The target 30 'is the target 3
It is a position that has the same shape as 0 and overlaps each other without displacement.
【0019】パターンX、Yが交互に表示される速度が
早いと、人間の眼には残像現象があるので、色A(ブル
ー)と色B(レッド)の視標30、30’は合成されて
背景と同じ明るさで同じ色(マゼンタ)になってしま
い、しかも視標30、30’はずれなく重なるので、背
景と同化してしまい、視標を識別することができない。
今、パターンX、Yは、図4(B)に示したように、N
=(1/60秒)*1=1/60秒の周期で交互に表示
されるので、普通の被検者は視標30(30’)を識別
できない。従って、ステップS6で応答がないので、タ
イマーが加算される(ステップS7)。所定の時間t0
が経過しても応答がない場合には(ステップS8)、ス
テップS9でnを+1し、表示周期を長くする。If the speed at which the patterns X and Y are alternately displayed is high, the afterimage phenomenon occurs in the human eye, so that the targets A and B of the color A (blue) and the color B (red) are combined. As a result, the same color (magenta) is obtained with the same brightness as the background, and the optotypes 30 and 30 ′ are overlapped without any deviation. Therefore, the optotypes are assimilated with the background, and the optotype cannot be identified.
Now, as shown in FIG. 4B, the patterns X and Y
= (1/60 seconds) * 1 Since the display is alternately performed at a period of 1/60 seconds, a normal subject cannot identify the optotype 30 (30 ′). Therefore, since there is no response in step S6, a timer is added (step S7). Predetermined time t0
If there is no response even after elapse (step S8), n is incremented by one in step S9, and the display cycle is lengthened.
【0020】nが所定値n0を越えない場合には(ステ
ップS10)、ステップS5に戻って、N=(1/60
秒)*2=1/30秒の周期で、パターンX、Yを交互
に表示する(図4(C))。まだ応答がない場合には、
nを+1増分させ、N=(1/60秒)*3=1/20
秒の周期で、パターンX、Yを交互に表示する(図4
(C))。If n does not exceed the predetermined value n0 (step S10), the flow returns to step S5, where N = (1/60).
Seconds) The patterns X and Y are displayed alternately in a cycle of 2 = 1/30 seconds (FIG. 4C). If there is no response yet,
Increment n by +1 and N = (1/60 sec) * 3 = 1/20
Patterns X and Y are displayed alternately in a cycle of seconds (FIG. 4).
(C)).
【0021】このように、パターンX、Yの切り換え周
期が長くなると、パターンX、Yの各視標30、30’
が分離してちらついて見えるようになり、被検者は視標
のちらつきを認識するので、応答スイッチ25で応答す
る。そこで、CPU20は、ステップS11でその視標
位置でのフリッカー視野(例えば、フリッカー周波数1
/N)を演算し、表示部4に表示する。As described above, when the switching cycle of the patterns X and Y becomes longer, the optotypes 30 and 30 'of the patterns X and Y become longer.
Is separated and flickers, and the subject recognizes the flicker of the target, and responds with the response switch 25. Therefore, the CPU 20 determines in step S11 the flicker visual field (for example, flicker frequency 1) at the target position.
/ N) is calculated and displayed on the display unit 4.
【0022】所定の視標位置がまだすべて指定されてい
ない場合には(ステップS12)、ステップS2に戻っ
て同様の処理を行ない、他の位置での視野測定を行な
う。すべての視標位置での測定が終了した場合には、ス
テップS13で視野範囲を変更するかを判断する。視野
を変更して測定を行なう場合には、ステップS14で変
倍レンズ13を変更することにより画角を変えて同様な
測定を繰り返す。視野範囲を変更しない場合は、処理を
終了する。また、ステップS10でnが所定値n0より
大きくなった場合も、処理終了となる。If all of the predetermined target positions have not been specified (step S12), the process returns to step S2 to perform the same processing, and performs the visual field measurement at another position. When the measurement at all the target positions has been completed, it is determined in step S13 whether to change the visual field range. When the measurement is performed by changing the field of view, the same measurement is repeated by changing the angle of view by changing the zoom lens 13 in step S14. If the field of view is not to be changed, the process ends. The process is also terminated when n becomes larger than the predetermined value n0 in step S10.
【0023】なお、上記処理は単眼あるいは両眼で行な
われ、左眼10aあるいは右眼10bの視野を測定する
ときは、シャッター11aあるいは11bが開放され、
両眼で視野測定するときは、両シャッターが開放され
る。The above processing is performed with a single eye or both eyes, and when measuring the visual field of the left eye 10a or the right eye 10b, the shutter 11a or 11b is opened.
When measuring the visual field with both eyes, both shutters are opened.
【0024】なお、上記方法では、視野をパターン発生
器(キャラクタジェネレータ)を用いて発生したが、所
定色(例えばマゼンタ)の背景の所定位置に視標を形成
し、この視野を、色が互いに異なりかつ重ね合わせたと
き背景と同じ色と同じ明るさになる光を発光する2つの
光源で周期を変化させて交互にずれなく照明し、周期を
長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者が応答
したときの周期を求め、その周期に基づきフリッカー視
野を測定するようにしてもよい。In the above method, the visual field is generated using a pattern generator (character generator). However, a visual target is formed at a predetermined position on a background of a predetermined color (for example, magenta), and the visual fields are compared with each other. The two light sources, which emit light that is the same color and brightness as the background when they are different and overlapped, are illuminated alternately without any shift by changing the period, and suffer from optotype flicker that occurs when the period is lengthened. A cycle when the examiner responds may be obtained, and the flicker visual field may be measured based on the cycle.
【0025】また、視野を背景に最初につくるのではな
く、2つの光源を用いてつくるようにしてもよい。すな
わち、所定色の背景を形成しておき、色が互いに異なり
かつ重ね合わせたとき背景と同じ色と同じ明るさになる
光を発生する2つの光源からの光を周期を変化させて交
互に背景の所定位置にそれぞれ重ね合わせて投影し、周
期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者が
応答したときの周期を求め、この求めた周期に基づきフ
リッカー視野を測定するようにしてもよい。Also, instead of first making the field of view with the field of view as the background, it may be made using two light sources. That is, a background of a predetermined color is formed, and light from two light sources that generate light having the same color and the same brightness as the background when the colors are different from each other and are superimposed is alternately changed by changing the period. The projection is superimposed on each of the predetermined positions, and the cycle when the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype generated when the cycle is lengthened is determined, and the flicker visual field is measured based on the determined cycle. Is also good.
【0026】[0026]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明では、視標
が高速に(短い周期で)形成ないし投影されているとき
は、背景と同じ色と同じ明るさになる結果ちらつきが発
生せず、被検者は、視標と背景を区別することができ
ず、視標の存在を認識することがない。その結果、被検
者はその間不安定になることなく固視を保つことができ
る。また、周期が長くなると、視標にちらつきが発生す
るので、被検者は視標を背景から区別することができ、
ちらつきに容易に応答することができる。それによりち
らつきを認識した周期ないし周波数に基づきフリッカー
視野を正確に求めることが可能になる。As described above, according to the present invention, when a target is formed or projected at a high speed (with a short period), the same color as the background and the same brightness do not occur, resulting in no flickering. In addition, the subject cannot distinguish between the target and the background, and does not recognize the presence of the target. As a result, the subject can keep his fixation without becoming unstable during that time. In addition, when the cycle is long, the optotype flickers, so that the subject can distinguish the optotype from the background,
Can easily respond to flicker. This makes it possible to accurately determine the flicker visual field based on the period or frequency at which flicker is recognized.
【図1】(A)は視野測定装置の正面図、(B)はその
側面図である。FIG. 1A is a front view of a visual field measuring device, and FIG. 1B is a side view thereof.
【図2】(A)は視野測定装置の内部構成を示したブロ
ック図、(B)はブラウン管(CRT)の表示面を示す
説明図である。FIG. 2A is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a visual field measuring device, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram showing a display surface of a cathode ray tube (CRT).
【図3】フリッカー視野の測定の流れを示したフローチ
ャート図である。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of measuring a flicker visual field.
【図4】(A)はパターンを描画する状態を示した説明
図、(B)〜(D)はパターンを交互に周期を替えて表
示する状態を示した線図である。FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a pattern is drawn, and FIGS. 4B to 4D are diagrams showing a state in which the pattern is alternately displayed while changing the period.
1 接眼部 3 指示パネル 4 表示部 10a 左眼 10b 右眼 12 CRT 13 倍率レンズ 15 合焦レンズ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Eyepiece part 3 Instruction panel 4 Display part 10a Left eye 10b Right eye 12 CRT 13 Magnification lens 15 Focusing lens
Claims (5)
同じ明るさになる同じ大きさの第1と第2の視標を形成
し、 前記第1と第2の視標を周期を変化させて交互に前記背
景の所定位置にずれなく重ね合わせて表示し、 周期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者
が応答したときの周期を求め、 前記求めた周期に基づきフリッカー視野を測定すること
を特徴とする視野測定方法。1. A first target and a second target having the same size and having the same color and the same brightness as the background when the colors are different from each other and are superimposed are formed. When the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype generated when the period is lengthened, the first and second optotypes are alternately superimposed and displayed at a predetermined position on the background with a change in the cycle. A visual field measurement method, comprising: determining a period; and measuring a flicker visual field based on the determined period.
し、 色が互いに異なりかつ重ね合わせたとき背景と同じ色と
同じ明るさになる光を発生する2つの光源で前記視標を
周期を変化させて交互にずれなく照明し、 周期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者
が応答したときの周期を求め、 前記求めた周期に基づきフリッカー視野を測定すること
を特徴とする視野測定方法。2. An optotype is formed at a predetermined position on a background of a predetermined color, and the optotype is formed by two light sources that generate light having the same color and the same brightness as the background when the colors are different from each other and are superimposed. By illuminating alternately and alternately by changing the period, determining the period when the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype that occurs when the period is lengthened, measuring the flicker visual field based on the determined period. Characteristic visual field measurement method.
同じ明るさになる光を発生する2つの光源からの光を周
期を変化させて交互に前記背景の所定位置にそれぞれ同
じ大きさになるように重ね合わせて投影し、 周期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者
が応答したときの周期を求め、 前記求めた周期に基づきフリッカー視野を測定すること
を特徴とする視野測定方法。3. A light source from two light sources, which form a background of a predetermined color and emit light having the same color and the same brightness as the background when the colors are different from each other and are superimposed, alternately by changing the period. The projected image is superimposed and projected on the predetermined position of the background so as to have the same size, and the period when the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype generated when the period is lengthened is determined. A visual field measuring method, comprising measuring a flicker visual field based on the flicker visual field.
同じ明るさになる同じ大きさの第1と第2の視標を形成
する手段と、 前記第1と第2の視標を交互に前記背景の所定位置にず
れなく重ね合わせて表示する手段と、 前記第1と第2の視標の表示周期を変化させる手段と、 周期を長くしたときに発生する視標のちらつきに被検者
が応答したときの周期を求める手段と、 前記求めた周期に基づきフリッカー視野を演算する手段
と、 を有することを特徴とする視野測定装置。4. A means for forming a background of a predetermined color, and means for forming first and second optotypes of the same size which are different from each other and have the same brightness and the same color as the background when superimposed. Means for alternately displaying the first and second optotypes at a predetermined position on the background without displacement, and means for changing the display cycle of the first and second optotypes. A field-of-view measuring apparatus comprising: means for calculating a cycle when the subject responds to the flicker of the optotype generated when the length is increased; and means for calculating a flicker visual field based on the calculated cycle.
レータを介しCRT上に形成されることを特徴とする請
求項4に記載の視野測定装置。5. The visual field measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the background and the visual field are formed on a CRT via a character generator.
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JP2001299700A (en) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-10-30 | Interzeag Ag | Stimulus and method for measuring visual field of human eye |
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