JPH1121189A - Method for composting crude refuse - Google Patents
Method for composting crude refuseInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1121189A JPH1121189A JP17540997A JP17540997A JPH1121189A JP H1121189 A JPH1121189 A JP H1121189A JP 17540997 A JP17540997 A JP 17540997A JP 17540997 A JP17540997 A JP 17540997A JP H1121189 A JPH1121189 A JP H1121189A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- garbage
- composting
- layer
- coal ash
- ground
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、家庭や産業上で排
出される生ごみの肥料化に関し、更に詳しくは、大気中
の微生物等の生分解作用を利用した生ごみの肥料化に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the conversion of garbage discharged into households and industries into fertilizer, and more particularly to the conversion of garbage into fertilizer utilizing the biodegradation of microorganisms in the atmosphere.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、家庭から排出されたり、食品産業
等から排出された生ごみは、ゴミ収集車で収集されてゴ
ミ焼却場で焼却処分されるか、海上や山間部の埋立地等
に放置されたり埋められて自然に微生物等の生分解作用
で分解されることが知られている。また、最近では、一
部の電気メーカーにより家庭用の生ごみの土や肥料への
リサイクル装置が発売されているが、高価な割に１日の
処理量は限られており、生ごみと一緒に攪拌される専用
の調整材が必要であったり、電気動力が攪拌のために必
要であったりするために、コストがかかる割に処理が限
られているため、一般家庭に多く普及している装置であ
るとは言えない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, garbage discharged from households or from the food industry is collected by a garbage truck and incinerated at a garbage incineration plant, or disposed in a landfill at sea or in a mountainous area. It is known that it is left or buried and naturally decomposed by a biodegradation action of microorganisms or the like. Also, recently, some electric manufacturers have released equipment for recycling household garbage into soil and fertilizer, but the amount of processing per day is limited for the price of expensive garbage. It is widely used in ordinary households because it requires a special adjustment material to be agitated or electric power is required for agitation, so processing is limited in spite of cost. Not a device.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記の一部電機メーカ
ーによる家庭用生ごみリサイクル装置からもわかるよう
に、生ごみを土として還元したり肥料化することが可能
なことは従来から知られている。また、地球環境の保護
が叫ばれている今日この頃では、生ごみもできるかぎり
リサイクルするべきという理解は普及しつつある。しか
しながら、家庭用の１軒分ような少量の食品の生ごみを
処理するのでなく、食品産業のような産業用の生ごみを
大量に処理することになると、単純に家庭用装置を大型
化しただけでは攪拌等が充分に行われるとは考えられ
ず、また、そのような装置では、水分の多い純粋な食品
の生ごみだけを分別して収集する必要があり、そのよう
な生ごみは水分が多く雑菌等により腐敗しやすいことか
ら輸送や蓄積時や処理装置への生ごみの追加時等に悪臭
が避けられず、処理前や処理後の生ごみへの蠅等の小生
物の寄りつきが避けられない等で、簡単には生ごみを処
理することはできなかった。As can be seen from the above-mentioned household garbage recycling system by some electric appliance manufacturers, it has been known that garbage can be reduced to soil or made into fertilizer. I have. Also, at this time when the protection of the global environment is being called for, the understanding that garbage should be recycled as much as possible is becoming widespread. However, instead of processing a small amount of food garbage as in a household, a large amount of industrial garbage such as the food industry is to be processed. It is not considered that stirring alone will be sufficient, and it is necessary to separate and collect only garbage of pure watery food with such equipment, and such garbage will not It is easily rotted by many germs, etc., so odors are inevitable during transportation and storage or when adding garbage to the processing equipment, and avoid the approach of small organisms such as fly to the garbage before and after treatment. The garbage could not be easily disposed of because it was not available.
【０００４】本発明は、上記のようなある程度まとまっ
た量の生ごみの肥料化において、悪臭をほとんど出さ
ず、蠅等の小生物の寄りつきを抑え、最小限の設備投資
で、高価で特別な調整材等を用いない生ごみの肥料化方
法を提供することを課題とする。According to the present invention, when a certain amount of garbage is turned into fertilizer as described above, it emits almost no bad smell, suppresses the approach of small creatures such as fly, minimizes equipment investment, and is expensive and special. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for converting garbage into fertilizer that does not use conditioning materials.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明では、食品等の生
ごみの堆肥化における、堆肥化の間大気にさらされる生
ごみの表面を石炭灰で覆って堆肥化を行うことで、悪臭
をほとんど出さず、蠅等の小生物の寄りつきを抑え、最
小限の設備投資で、高価な特別の調整材等を必要としな
い生ごみの堆肥化方法とすることができる。According to the present invention, in composting garbage such as food, the surface of the garbage exposed to the air during composting is composted by covering it with coal ash, thereby eliminating malodor. A method of composting garbage, which hardly emits, suppresses the approach of small creatures such as fly, and requires minimal capital investment and does not require expensive special preparation materials.
【０００６】さらに、生ごみと石炭灰を交互に積層化す
ることで、より効果的に悪臭を防止することができ、大
地の保水と排水機能及び防水シート等を用いることで、
生ごみの堆肥化中に水分量の過多状態や過小状態になる
ことを避けることができ、その結果迅速な生ごみの堆肥
化方法とすることができる。Further, by alternately stacking garbage and coal ash, it is possible to more effectively prevent bad odors.
During the composting of the garbage, it is possible to avoid an excessive or underwater state of the water content, and as a result, a method for composting the garbage quickly.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施形態につき図
を用いて詳細に説明を行う。図１は、本発明の第１の実
施の形態の構成を示す図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
【０００８】まず、大地に掘削した穴３には、後で投棄
される生ごみ層１の水分調整のための石炭灰層２が最初
に形成される。この、石炭灰層２の層の厚みは、３０ｃ
ｍ〜５０ｃｍであり、且つ、少なくとも後で形成される
生ごみ層の厚みに対して１０％の厚みになるように層を
形成することが望ましいが、特にそれに規定されるもの
ではない。First, a coal ash layer 2 for adjusting the water content of a garbage layer 1 to be later discarded is first formed in a hole 3 excavated on the ground. The thickness of the coal ash layer 2 is 30c
It is desirable to form the layer so as to have a thickness of at least 50 cm and at least 10% of the thickness of the garbage layer to be formed later, but this is not particularly limited.
【０００９】生ごみ層１は、大地４を掘削した穴３に投
棄されており、後述する石炭灰層２の肥料調整材として
の効果を良好に得るために、好ましくは生ごみの層１の
表面はなるべく平準化されていることが望ましい。又、
生ごみ層１は、そのままの状態のむき出し状態の投棄で
も良いが、収集や搬送のために袋に小分けされる必要が
有る場合には、生分解性プラスチックの袋を使用するこ
とが望ましい。The garbage layer 1 is discarded in the hole 3 from which the earth 4 is excavated. In order to obtain the effect of the coal ash layer 2 described later as a fertilizer adjusting material, the garbage layer 1 is preferably used. It is desirable that the surface be leveled as much as possible. or,
Although the raw garbage layer 1 may be discarded as it is in a bare state, it is preferable to use a biodegradable plastic bag when it is necessary to divide the garbage into bags for collection and transportation.
【００１０】次に、投棄されて平準化された生ごみ層１
の上に石炭灰層２の形成を行う。この石炭灰層２の量
は、生ごみ層１の水分を吸収して防臭と防蠅等に充分な
効果がある最小限の量であることが、コスト的理由と資
源の有効利用及び石炭灰による自然環境の悪影響防止の
理由から望まれる。従って、上記した穴３に最初に形成
する石炭灰層２と同様に、石炭灰層２の厚みが３０ｃｍ
〜５０ｃｍであり、且つ、少なくとも生ごみ層の厚みに
対して１０％の厚みになるように層を形成することが望
ましい。Next, the dumped and leveled garbage layer 1
The formation of the coal ash layer 2 is performed. The amount of the coal ash layer 2 is a minimum amount that absorbs the moisture of the garbage layer 1 and has a sufficient effect on deodorization and fly mitigation. It is desired for the reason of preventing adverse effects on the natural environment due to Therefore, similarly to the coal ash layer 2 initially formed in the hole 3 described above, the thickness of the coal ash layer 2 is 30 cm.
It is preferable that the layer is formed so as to have a thickness of about 50 cm and at least 10% of the thickness of the garbage layer.
【００１１】生ごみ層１に対する石炭灰層２の量が多く
なれば、当然、防臭や防蠅等に対する効果は高くなる
が、前記したように多くなった分だけコストは上昇し、
必要量以上の石炭灰層は資源の無駄使いであり、又、調
整材としての石炭灰も調整される対象より極端に量が多
くなる場合には、逆に自然環境への悪影響や調整材成分
による汚染を与える可能性が出てくる。As the amount of the coal ash layer 2 with respect to the garbage layer 1 increases, the effect on deodorization and fly prevention naturally increases, but the cost increases as much as described above,
Coal ash layers exceeding the required amount are a waste of resources, and if the amount of coal ash as an adjusting material is extremely large compared to the target to be adjusted, adversely affecting the natural environment and adjusting the components of the adjusting material The potential for contamination.
【００１２】尚、石炭灰層２の散布方法は任意である
が、例えば、ふるい等を用いて灰になっていない石炭や
不純物等の混入を避けて除去することが望ましい。この
ように、生ごみ層１の上に石炭灰層２を設けることで、
生ごみ層１の表面からの水分の蒸発が抑えられて、生ご
み層１の水分量が過小状態にならず、生ごみ層１の表面
部に近い部分でも恒温・恒湿度の好条件になり、生ごみ
層１の微生物による生分解（発酵）が促進される。The method of spraying the coal ash layer 2 is optional. For example, it is preferable to remove the coal ash by using a sieve or the like to avoid the incorporation of unashed coal and impurities. Thus, by providing the coal ash layer 2 on the garbage layer 1,
The evaporation of water from the surface of the garbage layer 1 is suppressed, and the water content of the garbage layer 1 does not become too small. In addition, biodegradation (fermentation) of the garbage layer 1 by microorganisms is promoted.
【００１３】又、生ごみ層１の表面部で大地４の穴３の
底面や側面と接する部分では、大地の保水・排水機能に
よりほぼ一定の範囲の水分量に保たれ、更に、大地の保
温機能により、ほぼ一定範囲の温度に保たれるため、生
ごみ層１の生分解は一定範囲の温度・湿度の好条件の中
で促進される。Further, at a portion of the surface of the garbage layer 1 which is in contact with the bottom surface or side surface of the hole 3 of the earth 4, the water content of the ground is kept in a substantially constant range by the water holding / draining function. Since the temperature is maintained at a substantially constant range by the function, the biodegradation of the garbage layer 1 is promoted under favorable conditions of a certain range of temperature and humidity.
【００１４】石炭灰層２は、上記のように生ごみ層１の
生分解の促進にも有効であるが、生ごみの生分解中の悪
臭の発散防止にも有効となる。これは、具体的な作用と
しては解明できていないが、生分解中の悪臭成分が石炭
灰層２で吸着されるためと予想される。Although the coal ash layer 2 is effective in promoting the biodegradation of the garbage layer 1 as described above, it is also effective in preventing the emission of offensive odor during the biodegradation of the garbage. Although this has not been elucidated as a specific function, it is expected that malodorous components during biodegradation are adsorbed by the coal ash layer 2.
【００１５】更に、石炭灰層２は、上記のように臭いの
発散を抑えているため、蠅等の病害虫や小生物の生ごみ
への接近を誘うことが少なく、仮に若干の臭いが漏れた
場合にも、石炭灰層２は、生ごみに直接触れることは妨
げる防護壁としても機能するため、堆肥化の途中の生ご
みが蠅等の病害虫の温床となることが防げる。Further, since the coal ash layer 2 suppresses the emission of odor as described above, it is unlikely that pests such as fly or small organisms approach the garbage, and a slight odor is leaked. In this case, the coal ash layer 2 also functions as a protective wall that prevents direct contact with the garbage, thereby preventing the garbage in the middle of composting from becoming a hotbed of pests such as fly.
【００１６】この穴３を掘削するための設備は、通常の
シャベルやスコップ等で良く、また、土木作業等で一般
的に用いられるパワーショベル等を用いれば、この穴３
を掘削するための処理の作業効率は更に良くなる。上記
の処理により堆肥化が進められた生ごみ層１は、最短約
６週間で堆肥となって取り出しが可能であるが、例え
ば、紙等のように堆肥化しにくい生ごみが混入している
場合には、最長で２年程度必要になることもある。The equipment for excavating the hole 3 may be a conventional shovel, scoop, or the like. If a power shovel or the like generally used in civil engineering work is used, the hole 3 may be excavated.
The work efficiency of the process for excavating the drill is further improved. The garbage layer 1 which has been made into a compost by the above processing can be taken out as a compost in a minimum of about 6 weeks, for example, when garbage which is difficult to compost such as paper is mixed. May require up to two years.
【００１７】図２は、第１の実施形態を２段に積層化し
て、その上を防水シート５で大地表面と同一面となるよ
うに覆った第２の実施の形態の構成を示す図である。１
層当たりの生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２の厚みや比率は図１
の場合と同様であり、図１の生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２を
重ねた構造となる。この図２のように積層化すること
で、石炭灰層２による生ごみ層１への堆肥化の際の調整
作用（ＰＨの調整作用や生ごみからの発生成分との反応
作用等）が、生ごみの量が増えた場合にも、生ごみの表
面部のみに調整作用が行われるのではなく、生ごみの全
体に石炭灰層２の調整作用を行き渡らせることができ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment in which the first embodiment is laminated in two layers and the upper surface is covered with a waterproof sheet 5 so as to be flush with the ground surface. is there. 1
Figure 1 shows the thickness and ratio of the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash layer 2 per layer.
And the structure is such that the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash layer 2 in FIG. By stacking as shown in FIG. 2, the adjusting action (such as the adjusting action of PH and the action of reacting with components generated from the garbage) at the time of composting to the garbage layer 1 by the coal ash layer 2, Even when the amount of garbage increases, the adjusting action of the coal ash layer 2 can be spread over the entire garbage, instead of being performed only on the surface portion of the garbage.
【００１８】この積層化は、例えば、毎日の生ごみの発
生量に合わせて掘削する穴の面積寸法を計算して穴３を
掘削することで、毎日の生ごみの発生に合わせて、生ご
みの保管をせずに、発生した生ごみをそのまま穴３に投
棄して生ごみ層１とし、その後、その上に石炭灰層２を
形成することで生ごみの保管を考えずに堆肥化を行うこ
とができる。This lamination is performed, for example, by calculating the area size of a hole to be excavated in accordance with the amount of daily garbage generated and excavating the hole 3 so that the garbage can be generated in accordance with the daily generation of garbage. Without storage, the generated garbage is dumped into the hole 3 as it is to form a garbage layer 1, and then a coal ash layer 2 is formed thereon, so that composting can be performed without considering garbage storage. It can be carried out.
【００１９】積層化した場合には、下層の方が古くて堆
肥化の生分解処理は進んでおり、下層の方が一定範囲の
温度・湿度の維持の点でも有利になるため、堆肥化を終
えた生ごみ層１は下側から取り出される。その取り出す
場合には、堆肥の積層の横に取り出し用の穴を上から掘
って、そこから取り出すようにする等の作業が必要にな
る。従って、取り出しの手間だけをみれば、大地４中に
穴３等を掘削して生ごみの堆肥化をおこなうよりも、上
から入れて下から出す牧草サイロ的な堆肥化サイロを形
成することが望ましいことになるが、設備費用をほとん
どかけなくとも実施が可能である点や、一定範囲の温度
・湿度の維持に大地の保水性・保温性を有効利用できる
点から大地４の穴３を利用した図２を、第２の実施の形
態として記載した。When the layers are laminated, the lower layer is older and the biodegradation treatment of composting is progressing, and the lower layer is advantageous in maintaining a certain range of temperature and humidity. The finished garbage layer 1 is taken out from below. In the case of taking out, it is necessary to dig a hole for taking out from the top next to the compost stack and take out from there. Therefore, if only the trouble of taking out is considered, rather than excavating the hole 3 etc. in the earth 4 and composting the garbage, it is possible to form a compost silo like a grass silo which is put in from above and put out from below. Although it is desirable, the hole 3 of the earth 4 is used because it can be implemented with little equipment cost and because the water retention and heat retention of the earth can be effectively used for maintaining a certain range of temperature and humidity. FIG. 2 described above is described as the second embodiment.
【００２０】防水シート５は、生ごみ層１からの水分の
発散や蒸発を防ぐためと、雨天時等に雨水が生ごみ層１
にかかって、生ごみ層１が水分過多の状態になることで
生ごみ層１の堆肥化が阻害されることを防ぐために設置
される。The waterproof sheet 5 is provided to prevent water from escaping or evaporating from the garbage layer 1 and to allow rainwater to flow through the garbage layer 1 in rainy weather or the like.
The garbage layer 1 is installed in order to prevent the composting of the garbage layer 1 from being hindered due to excessive moisture.
【００２１】防水シート５の素材は、防水性を有するシ
ートであれば他の要素は特定されず、塩化ビニルやポリ
エチレン等の一般に入手可能な素材のシートでよく、特
別な材料は何ら必要としない。The material of the waterproof sheet 5 is not limited to other elements as long as it is a sheet having waterproofness, and may be a sheet of a generally available material such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, and does not require any special material. .
【００２２】図３は、第２の実施形態における穴３を掘
削さずに大地４上でそのまま石炭灰２と生ごみ１を積層
化し、その上を防水カバー６で覆った第３の実施の形態
の構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment in which the coal ash 2 and the garbage 1 are stacked on the ground 4 without excavating the hole 3 in the second embodiment, and the layer is covered with a waterproof cover 6. It is a figure showing composition of a form.
【００２３】１層当たりの生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２の厚
みや比率は図１及び図２の場合と同様である。この図３
のように積層化することで、石炭灰層２による生ごみ層
１への堆肥化の際の調整作用（ＰＨの調整作用や生ごみ
からの発生成分との反応作用等）が、生ごみの全体に行
き渡らせることができることは、図２の場合と同様であ
る。The thickness and ratio of the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash layer 2 per layer are the same as those in FIGS. This figure 3
By stacking the garbage as described above, the adjusting action (such as the adjusting action of PH and the reaction action with the component generated from the garbage) at the time of composting to the garbage layer 1 by the coal ash layer 2 can reduce the amount of the garbage. It is the same as in the case of FIG.
【００２４】この図３の積層化では、図２の場合のよう
に穴３掘削する必要はないので、簡易であり、穴３が無
いことから生ごみの量が変動しても対処はしやすく、堆
肥化後の取り出しも容易であるが、使用する石炭灰の量
が側面の分も必要になる点や、後述する防水カバー６の
使用量が増加する点、地上であることから外部からの力
により積層がやや壊れ易くなる点、及び、地上であるこ
とから美観上は好ましくないと考えられる点がある。In the stacking of FIG. 3, it is not necessary to excavate the hole 3 as in the case of FIG. 2, so that it is simple, and since there is no hole 3, it is easy to cope with a change in the amount of garbage. Although it is easy to take out after composting, the amount of coal ash to be used is also required for the side surface, the amount of use of the waterproof cover 6 to be described later is increased, There is a point that the lamination becomes slightly fragile due to the force, and a point that is considered unfavorable in aesthetics because it is on the ground.
【００２５】生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２の積層化のステッ
プは図２の場合と同様であるが、図２の場合と比較し
て、図３の積層部分は側面部にも石炭灰層２が回り込ん
でいる。これは、図２の場合は大地４により生ごみ層１
の側面は一定範囲の温度・湿度に維持されていたもの
が、地上の積層部分では側面の大地４は無くなるので、
その分を石炭灰層２で補償するものである。従って、図
３の積層部分は石炭灰層２の石炭灰の使用量が増加する
ので、石炭灰の費用や生ごみ層１の上に散布するための
工数等は余分に必要になるが、本発明の作用としては変
わりなく、逆に、石炭灰層２の面積は広がり、その結
果、水分調整や悪臭等に対する作用面積も広がるので、
悪臭が漏れる可能性は少なくなる。The steps of laminating the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash layer 2 are the same as those in FIG. 2, but the laminating portion in FIG. 2 is wrapping around. This is because the ground 4 in the case of FIG.
Although the side of was maintained in a certain range of temperature and humidity, the ground 4 on the side is lost in the laminated part on the ground,
This is compensated by the coal ash layer 2. Therefore, the amount of coal ash used in the coal ash layer 2 increases in the layered portion in FIG. 3, so that the cost of the coal ash and the man-hours for dispersing the coal ash on the garbage layer 1 are required, but this The effect of the present invention is not changed, and conversely, the area of the coal ash layer 2 is increased, and as a result, the area of action against moisture control and odor is also increased.
The odor is less likely to leak.
【００２６】地上の積層部分の外側に被せられる防水カ
バー６の機能は、図２の防水シート５と同様に内部の水
蒸気等の湿度を外部に逃がさないで、防水カバー６内の
湿度を一定に保つためと、外部の雨水等の進入を防いで
過大な水分により内部の生ごみ層１の堆肥化に支障が出
る事態を起こさないようにするためである。尚、この防
水カバー６は、地上の積層部分の上に被さる形状であれ
ばどのような形状でも良い。The function of the waterproof cover 6 placed on the outer side of the laminated portion on the ground is that the humidity inside the waterproof cover 6 is kept constant without letting the moisture such as water vapor inside escape to the outside like the waterproof sheet 5 of FIG. This is to prevent the intrusion of rainwater and the like from the outside, and to prevent a situation in which composting of the garbage layer 1 in the inside is hindered by excessive moisture. The waterproof cover 6 may have any shape as long as it covers the laminated portion on the ground.
【００２７】図４は、図２の第２の実施の形態を大地４
の地上部分まで積層化を連続させて、言い換えれば、図
２の第２の実施の形態と図３の第３の実施の形態まで連
続させた場合の第４の実施の形態の構成を示す図であ
る。生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２の積層化のステップは図
２、及び、図３の場合と同様である。FIG. 4 shows the second embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment in which the lamination is continued up to the ground portion of FIG. 3, in other words, the lamination is continued up to the second embodiment of FIG. 2 and the third embodiment of FIG. It is. The steps of laminating the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash layer 2 are the same as those in FIGS. 2 and 3.
【００２８】地上の積層部分の外側には、防水カバー７
が被せられる。この防水カバー７の機能は、図３の防水
カバー６と同様である。この防水カバー７は、図３の防
水カバー６と同様に地上の積層部分の上に被さる形状で
あれば、１枚のシート状でも地上の積層部分が全て覆い
隠せる大きさで有ればよいが、例えば、図３で示したよ
うに最後に被せた石炭灰層２と防水カバー７に空間が存
在する既存のビニールハウスやビニールテントを利用す
るものや、簡単な金属や樹脂のフレームにビニールのフ
ィルムで覆いを付けただけでもよい。Outside the laminated portion on the ground, a waterproof cover 7
Is covered. The function of the waterproof cover 7 is the same as that of the waterproof cover 6 in FIG. As long as the waterproof cover 7 is shaped to cover the laminated portion on the ground in the same manner as the waterproof cover 6 in FIG. 3, it is sufficient if the laminated portion on the ground can be completely covered even with one sheet. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, an existing greenhouse or a vinyl tent having a space between the coal ash layer 2 and the waterproof cover 7 which was covered last, or a simple metal or resin frame made of vinyl can be used. It may be just covered with a film.
【００２９】上記の第１、第２、第３、第４の全ての実
施の形態に説明したように、本発明によれば、大地４の
穴３または大地上に生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２を設け、更
にその生ごみ層１と石炭灰層２を積層化して、その各層
を一定範囲の水分と温度に維持するようにすることで、
良好かつ迅速な堆肥化が行われ、悪臭や蠅等の病害虫や
小生物の発生の無い堆肥化を行うことができる。As described in all the first, second, third and fourth embodiments, according to the present invention, the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash are provided in the hole 3 of the earth 4 or in the earth. By providing a layer 2 and further laminating the garbage layer 1 and the coal ash layer 2 so that each layer is maintained at a certain range of moisture and temperature,
Good and quick composting can be performed, and composting can be performed without generating pests such as foul odors and flies and small organisms.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、家庭用生ごみの数軒分
以上の量の生ごみや、食品産業の生ごみのようなある程
度まとまった量の生ごみの肥料化において、生ごみ層の
堆肥化の間中大気にさらされる表面を石炭灰層で覆って
堆肥化を行うことで、生ごみの堆肥化が良好かつ迅速に
行われ、悪臭や蠅等の病害虫や小生物の発生による周囲
環境の悪化が無く、必要な設備等についても特別な装備
や新規に必要な設備等はほとんど無く、必要な場合も従
来からの設備の流用が可能なために最小限の設備投資
で、高価で特別な調整材等を用いない生ごみの肥料化方
法を提供することが可能となる。According to the present invention, a garbage layer can be used in the fertilization of household garbage in the amount of several households or more or a certain amount of garbage such as food industry garbage. The surface exposed to the air during the composting process is covered with a layer of coal ash, and composting is carried out well and quickly. There is no deterioration of the surrounding environment, and there is almost no special equipment or new equipment necessary for the necessary equipment.Since it is possible to divert the existing equipment when necessary, it is expensive with minimal capital investment Thus, it is possible to provide a method for converting garbage into a fertilizer without using a special adjusting material or the like.
【図１】第１の実施の形態の構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a first embodiment.
【図２】第２の実施の形態の構成を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a second embodiment.
【図３】第３の実施の形態の構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a third embodiment.
【図４】第４の実施の形態の構成を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a fourth embodiment.
１ 生ごみ層 ２ 石炭灰層 ３ 大地の穴 ４ 大地 ５ 防水性シート ６、７ 防水性カバー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage layer 2 Coal ash layer 3 Ground hole 4 Ground 5 Waterproof sheet 6,7 Waterproof cover
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成１０年９月１６日[Submission date] September 16, 1998
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】請求項８[Correction target item name] Claim 8
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【手続補正２】[Procedure amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】請求項９[Correction target item name] Claim 9
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【手続補正３】[Procedure amendment 3]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】請求項１０[Correction target item name] Claim 10
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【手続補正４】[Procedure amendment 4]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２２[Correction target item name] 0022
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００２２】図３は、第２の実施形態における穴３を掘
削せずに大地４上でそのまま石炭灰２と生ごみ１を積層
化し、その上を防水カバー６で覆った第３の実施の形態
の構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment in which the coal ash 2 and the garbage 1 are laminated on the ground 4 as they are without excavating the hole 3 in the second embodiment, and the layer is covered with a waterproof cover 6. It is a figure showing composition of a form.
【手続補正５】[Procedure amendment 5]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００２４[Correction target item name] 0024
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【００２４】この図３の積層化では、図２の場合のよう
に穴３を掘削する必要はないので、簡易であり、穴３が
無いことから生ごみの量が変動しても対処はしやすく、
堆肥化後の取り出しも容易であるが、使用する石炭灰の
量が側面の分も必要になる点や、後述する防水カバー６
の使用量が増加する点、地上であることから外部からの
力により積層がやや壊れ易くなる点、及び、地上である
ことから美観上は好ましくないと考えられる点がある。[0024] In lamination of FIG. 3, there is no need to drill a hole 3 as in FIG. 2, a simplified, be varied amount of food waste since no holes 3 Action chopsticks Easy,
Although it is easy to take out after composting, the amount of coal ash to be used is required on the side,
There is a point that the amount of used is increased, a point that the lamination becomes slightly fragile due to an external force because it is on the ground, and a point that it is considered unfavorable in aesthetics because it is on the ground.
Claims (10)
大気にさらされる生ごみの表面を石炭灰で覆って堆肥化
を行うことを特徴とする生ごみの堆肥化方法。1. A method of composting garbage, wherein the composting is performed by covering the surface of the garbage exposed to the atmosphere during the composting with coal ash.
を特徴とする請求項１に記載の生ごみの堆肥化方法。2. The method for composting garbage according to claim 1, wherein coal ash and garbage are alternately laminated.
互に積層化したことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の生ご
みの堆肥化方法。3. The method for composting garbage according to claim 2, wherein coal ash and garbage are alternately laminated in a hole formed by excavating the earth.
げて積層化したことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の生ご
みの堆肥化方法。4. The method for composting garbage according to claim 2, wherein coal ash and garbage are alternately stacked and laminated on the ground.
て石炭灰と生ごみを交互に積み上げて積層化したことを
特徴とする請求項２に記載の生ごみの堆肥化方法。5. The method for composting garbage according to claim 2, wherein coal ash and garbage are alternately piled up and stacked continuously from the hole in which the ground is excavated to the ground.
の厚みが３０ｃｍから５０ｃｍであり、且つ、前記生ご
み層の厚みの１０％以上であることを特徴とする請求項
１から請求項５のいずれか１つに記載の生ごみの堆肥化
方法。6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of one layer of the coal ash that covers the garbage is 30 cm to 50 cm, and is 10% or more of a thickness of the garbage layer. A method for composting garbage according to claim 5.
と石炭灰の大気と接する表面を、防水性シートで覆うこ
とを特徴とする請求項３に記載の生ごみの堆肥化方法。7. The method for composting garbage according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the garbage and coal ash stacked in the hole excavated on the ground in contact with the atmosphere is covered with a waterproof sheet.
に設置されることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の生ごみ
の処理方法。8. The method for treating garbage according to claim 7, wherein the waterproof sheet is provided on substantially the same surface as the ground.
の外側を、防水性シートで覆うことを特徴とする請求項
４又は請求項５に記載の生ごみの処理方法。9. The method for treating garbage according to claim 4, wherein the outside of the garbage and coal ash stacked on the ground is covered with a waterproof sheet.
性シートが、金属や樹脂製のフレームに防水性シートを
張ったビニールハウス形状であることを特徴とする請求
項９に記載の生ごみの処理方法。10. The green sheet according to claim 9, wherein the waterproof sheet for covering garbage and coal ash has a greenhouse shape in which a waterproof sheet is stretched on a metal or resin frame. Garbage disposal method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17540997A JPH1121189A (en) | 1997-07-01 | 1997-07-01 | Method for composting crude refuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17540997A JPH1121189A (en) | 1997-07-01 | 1997-07-01 | Method for composting crude refuse |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1121189A true JPH1121189A (en) | 1999-01-26 |
Family
ID=15995598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17540997A Pending JPH1121189A (en) | 1997-07-01 | 1997-07-01 | Method for composting crude refuse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1121189A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011256076A (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-22 | 忠幸 ▲吉▼田 | Fertilizer utilizing underground resource and method of producing fertilizer |
| JP2015120659A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 有限会社川▲崎▼エンジ | Insect control method |
-
1997
- 1997-07-01 JP JP17540997A patent/JPH1121189A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011256076A (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-22 | 忠幸 ▲吉▼田 | Fertilizer utilizing underground resource and method of producing fertilizer |
| JP2015120659A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 有限会社川▲崎▼エンジ | Insect control method |
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