JPH11178120A - Slip detector of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Slip detector of electric vehicle

Info

Publication number
JPH11178120A
JPH11178120A JP9341018A JP34101897A JPH11178120A JP H11178120 A JPH11178120 A JP H11178120A JP 9341018 A JP9341018 A JP 9341018A JP 34101897 A JP34101897 A JP 34101897A JP H11178120 A JPH11178120 A JP H11178120A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
wheel
acceleration
driving
motor
slip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP9341018A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigeru Kuriyama
茂 栗山
Kiyoshi Nemoto
清志 根本
Nobuo Inoue
信男 井上
Hideo Toyoda
英雄 豊田
Kenichi Maehara
健一 前原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Hitachi Automotive Systems Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Hitachi Car Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd, Hitachi Car Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP9341018A priority Critical patent/JPH11178120A/en
Publication of JPH11178120A publication Critical patent/JPH11178120A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the certainty of the sensing of the slip of an electric vehicle as reducing the number of its sensors, by computing the acceleration of its wheel while measuring the actual acceleration of its wheel through its acceleration sensor, and by comparing both the values, and further, by judging that its slip is large when the value of its acceleration sensor is zero or small. SOLUTION: There are provided a driving-wheel rotation sensor 17 for sensing the rotation of a driving wheel and a driving-wheel-portion acceleration sensor 18 for sensing the acceleration of a driving-wheel portion. The output torque of a motor is transmitted to the driving wheel via gears, etc., and by the driving-wheel rotation sensor 17, the sensing of the rotational speed of the motor is allowed when the rotational speed of the driving wheel is proportional to the rotational speed of the motor. Providing the driving-wheel-portion acceleration sensor 18 along the rotational direction of the driving wheel, the acceleration caused by the increase of the rotational speed of the driving wheel can be sensed. When the acceleration is zero or small although the rotational speed of the driving wheel is increased, it is judged that the slip of an electric vehicle is large. When judging so, controlling to reduce the current of the motor, the torque of the motor is reduced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はバッテリーフォーク
リフトのタイヤスリップ低減制御に係わり、特にリーチ
式フォークリフトに適した検出方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to tire slip reduction control of a battery forklift, and more particularly to a detection method suitable for a reach type forklift.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】タイヤのスリップを検出するものとし
て、駆動輪と従動輪の回転差を検出するものに特開平3
−60302号がある。この方式をリーチ式フォークリフト
に適用する場合、旋回時を考慮すると2個の従動輪速度
を加える必要がある。そのため、使用する回転センサが
多くなる。
2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 3 (1995) discloses a method for detecting a slip of a tire by detecting a rotation difference between a driving wheel and a driven wheel.
There is -60302. When this method is applied to a reach type forklift, it is necessary to add two driven wheel speeds in consideration of turning. Therefore, the number of rotation sensors used increases.

【0003】また別の方式として、車輪速度度計から加
速度を計算しこの値が、マップの値を越えたときスリッ
プとする特公平7−96769号公報がある。この方式はセン
サの数が少ないという利点はあるが、検出幅が大きくな
る。
As another method, there is Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-96769 which calculates an acceleration from a wheel speed meter and slips when this value exceeds a value on a map. Although this method has an advantage that the number of sensors is small, the detection width becomes large.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】検出センサの数を少な
くし、スリップ検出の確実性を良くすることにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to reduce the number of detection sensors and improve the reliability of slip detection.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】車輪速度の他に、車体の
速度が分かればスリップ率Sは、駆動輪速度Vm駆動輪
部の速度をVとするとS=(Vm−V)/Vmと表され
る。
In addition to the wheel speed, if the speed of the vehicle body is known, the slip ratio S is expressed as S = (Vm-V) / Vm where V is the speed of the driving wheel portion. Is done.

【0006】ただ車体の速度を検出するのは難しい。そ
れで車体速度の代わりに、駆動輪部の加速度を検出す
る。
However, it is difficult to detect the speed of the vehicle body. Thus, instead of the vehicle speed, the acceleration of the driving wheel is detected.

【0007】駆動輪速度の増加は駆動輪回転センサより
簡単に求められる。つまり車輪加速度を計算で求め得
る。一方、加速度は加速度センサにより計測される。こ
の両者の値を比較し、加速度センサの値が0とか小さい
とき、スリップが大きいとみなす。
[0007] An increase in drive wheel speed is more easily determined by a drive wheel rotation sensor. That is, the wheel acceleration can be obtained by calculation. On the other hand, acceleration is measured by an acceleration sensor. The two values are compared, and when the value of the acceleration sensor is 0 or small, it is determined that the slip is large.

【0008】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】以下本発明を、図に従って説明す
る。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【0009】図2は、普通一般的に用いられる走行用モ
ータの制御回路である。バッテリー1の(+)電源線2
から走行用モータ4を接続し、前進用コンタクタ5及び
後進用コンタクタ6を経て、チョッパ回路7を介して
(−)電源線3に接続する。チョッパ回路7と並列にバ
イパスコンタクタ8を接続する。D1はフリーホイール
ダイオード、D2はプラギイングダイオードと言われる
ものである。
FIG. 2 shows a control circuit of a commonly used traveling motor. (+) Power line 2 of battery 1
, A traveling motor 4, a forward contactor 5, a reverse contactor 6, and a (−) power supply line 3 via a chopper circuit 7. A bypass contactor 8 is connected in parallel with the chopper circuit 7. D1 is a so-called freewheel diode, and D2 is a so-called plugging diode.

【0010】前進用コンタクタ5の可動片を点線側に接
続し、チョッパ回路7をオンにするとバッテリー1から
走行用モータ4に通電される。チョッパ回路7をオフに
すると走行用モータ4からD1のフリーホイールダイオ
ードに循環電流が流れる。チョッパ回路7のオン時間を
大きくするとモータ電流が増えるとか回転数が増加する
などの制御ができる。
When the movable piece of the forward contactor 5 is connected to the dotted line side and the chopper circuit 7 is turned on, the battery 1 is energized to the traveling motor 4. When the chopper circuit 7 is turned off, a circulating current flows from the traveling motor 4 to the freewheel diode of D1. If the ON time of the chopper circuit 7 is increased, control such as an increase in the motor current or an increase in the number of revolutions can be performed.

【0011】図1は本発明からなる電気的構成を示すブ
ロック図である。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration according to the present invention.

【0012】制御回路9は、センサ類の入力信号を処理
する入力回路10,決められたプログラムで動作するC
PU(中央制御装置)11,プログラムが書き込められ
たROM(読みとり専用メモリ)13,処理途中の値を
格納するRAM(ランダムアクセス記憶装置)14、と
外部のアクチュエータに適正な信号を供給する出力回路
12から構成される。
The control circuit 9 includes an input circuit 10 for processing input signals of sensors and the like, and a C which operates according to a predetermined program.
PU (Central Control Unit) 11, ROM (Read Only Memory) in which programs are written, RAM (Random Access Memory) 14 for storing values during processing, and output circuit for supplying appropriate signals to external actuators 12 is comprised.

【0013】レバー15の操作でアクセルセンサ16が
作動し、アクセルレバーの操作量に応じた電気信号とレ
バー15の操作方向で前進か後進かのスイッチ信号が、
制御回路9に印加される。前進用(あるいは後進用)コ
ンタクタ5が作動し、つぎにチョッパ回路を作動させ、
走行モータ4を駆動する。
The operation of the lever 15 activates the accelerator sensor 16, and an electric signal corresponding to the operation amount of the accelerator lever and a switch signal indicating whether the lever 15 is operated in the forward or backward direction are generated.
It is applied to the control circuit 9. The forward (or reverse) contactor 5 is activated, then the chopper circuit is activated,
The traveling motor 4 is driven.

【0014】本発明では、駆動輪の回転を検出する駆動
輪回転センサ17と駆動輪部の加速度を検出する駆動輪
部加速センサ18を追加したことである。駆動輪回転セ
ンサ17は、モータ出力がギヤなどを介して駆動輪にト
ルクを伝達しモータ回転数と駆動輪回転数が比例してい
る場合は、モータ速度を検出してもよい。
In the present invention, a drive wheel rotation sensor 17 for detecting rotation of a drive wheel and a drive wheel acceleration sensor 18 for detecting acceleration of the drive wheel are added. The drive wheel rotation sensor 17 may detect the motor speed when the motor output transmits torque to the drive wheels via gears or the like and the motor rotation speed is proportional to the drive wheel rotation speed.

【0015】図3はリーチ式フォークリフトの側面図を
示す。
FIG. 3 shows a side view of the reach type forklift.

【0016】レバー15は、運転者が操作しやすい位置
に取り付けられる。19は駆動輪で20は従動輪であ
る。
The lever 15 is mounted at a position where the driver can easily operate it. 19 is a driving wheel and 20 is a driven wheel.

【0017】図4は図3の底面より上部を見た図であ
る。駆動輪9が角度θあるのは、ハンドル21(図3)
で操作したためである。この角度θは、概略90度程度
有り急旋回を可能にしている。
FIG. 4 is a view of the upper part of FIG. The drive wheel 9 has an angle θ due to the handle 21 (FIG. 3).
It is because it operated with. This angle θ is about 90 degrees, and enables a sharp turn.

【0018】図5は本発明からなる駆動輪部の構造図で
ある。
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a driving wheel portion according to the present invention.

【0019】走行用モータ4は、車両フレーム22に固
定される。駆動輪19を支えているアーム23は車両フ
レーム22に対し回転(90+90=180度)可能に
しておく。ハンドル21の回転はピニオンでリングギア
24を動かし必要な角度θを得る。
The traveling motor 4 is fixed to the vehicle frame 22. The arm 23 supporting the drive wheel 19 is rotatable (90 + 90 = 180 degrees) with respect to the vehicle frame 22. The rotation of the handle 21 moves the ring gear 24 with a pinion to obtain a required angle θ.

【0020】駆動輪部加速センサ18を、駆動輪19の
回転方向に取り付けることにより、駆動輪19の回転数
増加による加速度を検出できる。
By mounting the driving wheel acceleration sensor 18 in the direction of rotation of the driving wheel 19, it is possible to detect acceleration due to an increase in the number of rotations of the driving wheel 19.

【0021】図6は凍結路面におけるスリップ率と摩擦
係数の関係を示すものとする。スリップ率を0.1 程度
にすればよい。
FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the slip ratio and the friction coefficient on a frozen road surface. The slip ratio may be set to about 0.1.

【0022】図7は本発明からなるスリップを判定する
マップを示す。
FIG. 7 shows a map for judging slip according to the present invention.

【0023】横軸に単位時間当たりの駆動輪回転数の増
加量を、縦軸にそのとき計測された加速度を示す。
The horizontal axis shows the increase in the number of rotations of the drive wheels per unit time, and the vertical axis shows the acceleration measured at that time.

【0024】このとき黒丸で示した範囲をスリップとみ
なす判断をする。つまり、駆動輪速度が増加しているの
に、加速度がないとか加速度が小さいとき、スリップが
大きいとみなす。
At this time, it is determined that the range indicated by the black circle is regarded as slip. That is, when there is no acceleration or the acceleration is small even though the driving wheel speed is increasing, it is considered that the slip is large.

【0025】スリップと判断したら、モータの電流を低
減させるよう制御しモータのトルクを低減させる。
If it is determined that the motor is slipping, control is performed to reduce the motor current to reduce the motor torque.

【0026】例えば、図2の電流センサ25からの入力
を図1の入力回路10に接続し、CPU11で処理す
る。
For example, the input from the current sensor 25 in FIG. 2 is connected to the input circuit 10 in FIG.

【0027】あるいは図示してないが、電流フィードバ
ックのマイナーループを作り回路で処理することもでき
る。
Alternatively, although not shown, a minor loop of current feedback may be formed and processed by a circuit.

【0028】[0028]

【発明の効果】タイヤのスリップが小さくなり、凍結路
面でも運転が可能になった。
As described above, the slip of the tire is reduced, and the vehicle can be driven even on a frozen road surface.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明の実施例である走行用モータの制御構成
を示すブロック図を示す。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of a traveling motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】図1の走行モータの制御回路を示す。FIG. 2 shows a control circuit of the traveling motor of FIG.

【図3】リーチ式フォークリフトの側面図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a side view of the reach type forklift.

【図4】図3の底面より見た図を示す。FIG. 4 shows a view from the bottom of FIG. 3;

【図5】本発明からなる駆動部の構造図を示す。FIG. 5 shows a structural view of a driving unit according to the present invention.

【図6】スリップ率と摩擦係数を示す特性図である。FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a slip ratio and a friction coefficient.

【図7】本発明からなるスリップ判断マップを示す特性
図である。
FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a slip determination map according to the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1…バッテリー、2…(+)電源線、3…(−)電源
線、4…走行用モータ、5…前進用コンタクタ、6…後
進用コンタクタ、7…チョッパ回路、8…バイパスコン
タクタ、9…制御回路、10…入力回路、11…MP
U、12…出力回路、13…ROM、14…RAM、1
5…レバー、16…アクセルセンサ、17…駆動輪回転
センサ、18…駆動輪部加速センサ、19…駆動輪、2
0…従動輪、21…ハンドル、22…車両フレーム、2
3…アーム、24…リングギア、25…電流センサ。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Battery, 2 ... (+) power line, 3 ... (-) power line, 4 ... Running motor, 5 ... Forward contactor, 6 ... Reverse contactor, 7 ... Chopper circuit, 8 ... Bypass contactor, 9 ... Control circuit, 10 ... input circuit, 11 ... MP
U, 12: output circuit, 13: ROM, 14: RAM, 1
5 Lever, 16 Accelerator sensor, 17 Drive wheel rotation sensor, 18 Drive wheel acceleration sensor, 19 Drive wheel, 2
0: driven wheel, 21: steering wheel, 22: vehicle frame, 2
3 ... arm, 24 ... ring gear, 25 ... current sensor.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 井上 信男 茨城県ひたちなか市大字高場2520番地 株 式会社日立製作所自動車機器事業部内 (72)発明者 豊田 英雄 茨城県ひたちなか市大字高場2520番地 株 式会社日立製作所自動車機器事業部内 (72)発明者 前原 健一 茨城県ひたちなか市高場2477番地 株式会 社日立カーエンジニアリング内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Nobuo Inoue 2520, Ojitakaba, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki Co., Ltd. Inside the Automotive Equipment Division of Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenichi Maehara 2477 Takaba, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Inside Hitachi Car Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】バッテリー,モータ,アクセルの操作量に
応じて速度あるいはトルクを加減するモータ制御装置か
ら構成される電気車において、駆動輪回転数(あるいは
モータと駆動輪が直結されているときのモータ回転数)
を検出する速度センサ,駆動輪の走行方向の加速度を検
出するように取り付けられた加速度センサ、上記2個の
センサの信号を演算しある規定された関係の範囲にある
かを判断しスリップを検出するスリップ検出装置、から
なることを特徴とする電気車のスリップ検出装置。
An electric vehicle comprising a motor control device for increasing or decreasing a speed or a torque in accordance with the operation amounts of a battery, a motor, and an accelerator, in a driving wheel rotational speed (or when a motor and a driving wheel are directly connected). Motor speed)
Speed sensor, acceleration sensor mounted to detect the acceleration of the driving wheels in the traveling direction, and detects the slip by calculating the signals of the above two sensors to determine if they are within a specified relationship. A slip detecting device for an electric vehicle.
JP9341018A 1997-12-11 1997-12-11 Slip detector of electric vehicle Pending JPH11178120A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9341018A JPH11178120A (en) 1997-12-11 1997-12-11 Slip detector of electric vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9341018A JPH11178120A (en) 1997-12-11 1997-12-11 Slip detector of electric vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11178120A true JPH11178120A (en) 1999-07-02

Family

ID=18342463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP9341018A Pending JPH11178120A (en) 1997-12-11 1997-12-11 Slip detector of electric vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH11178120A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040028374A (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-04-03 현대자동차주식회사 Slip exclusion apparatus of electric vehicle and method thereof
CN106740267A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-05-31 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 Control method and system for output torque

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040028374A (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-04-03 현대자동차주식회사 Slip exclusion apparatus of electric vehicle and method thereof
CN106740267A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-05-31 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 Control method and system for output torque

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