JPH11155362A - Compression-molded culture medium for cultivating plant - Google Patents
Compression-molded culture medium for cultivating plantInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11155362A JPH11155362A JP9339527A JP33952797A JPH11155362A JP H11155362 A JPH11155362 A JP H11155362A JP 9339527 A JP9339527 A JP 9339527A JP 33952797 A JP33952797 A JP 33952797A JP H11155362 A JPH11155362 A JP H11155362A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compression
- medium
- molding
- molded
- culture medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、園芸育苗用培地や
養液栽培用培地等として用いられ、花卉、野菜及び観賞
用植物等を生育栽培するのに好適な植物栽培用圧縮成型
培地に関する。更に詳しくは、ヤシガラ中果皮から主産
物である剛長繊維と中短繊維とを採取した後の残滓であ
るコイアダストの有効利用を目的とするもので、原料と
してコイアダストを用い、保管・輸送時にはコンパクト
化が可能であり、使用時には容易に所定の大きさに復元
し、肥料を添加すること無くそのままの使用が可能な植
物栽培用圧縮成型培地に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compacted medium for plant cultivation, which is used as a culture medium for horticultural seedlings or a nutrient solution, and is suitable for growing and cultivating flowers, vegetables and ornamental plants. More specifically, it aims at the effective use of coir dust, which is the residue after collecting the main products of long fiber and medium short fiber from coconut shell mesocarp, and uses coir dust as a raw material, and is compact during storage and transportation. The present invention relates to a compression molded medium for plant cultivation, which can be easily restored to a predetermined size when used, and can be used as it is without adding a fertilizer.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、培地の通水性、通気性、保水
性、保気性及び保肥性等を良好に保ち、植物の生育を好
適化するための植物栽培用培地素材としては、ピートモ
ス、水苔、バーミキュライト及び蛭石等が知られてお
り、これらの材料は単独で又は土壌中に混合して使用さ
れていた。しかし、これらの材料はそのままでは嵩高い
ため輸送コストが割高となったり、作業性の問題等もあ
り、圧縮成型によるコンパクト化が望まれていた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, peat moss, as a medium for plant cultivation for maintaining good water permeability, air permeability, water retentivity, air retentivity and fertilizing property of a culture medium and optimizing the growth of plants, has been known. Water moss, vermiculite, vermiculite, and the like are known, and these materials have been used alone or mixed in soil. However, since these materials are bulky as they are, the transportation cost is high, and there are problems of workability and the like. Therefore, compactness by compression molding has been desired.
【０００３】このような要望の下、上記材料の中でもピ
ートモスは圧縮前後の物理的特性変化が少ないことか
ら、ピートモスを圧縮成型して園芸育苗用や養液栽培用
の基盤材として用いることが一般的に知られており、家
庭園芸用培地としてもピートモスの圧縮成型体が広く使
用されるようになった。ところが、ピートモスの圧縮成
型体では、圧縮率に対して復元率が低く、復元率の約
１．５倍以上の圧縮率で圧縮成型しなければならないた
め、成型効率が悪いという問題があった。そこで、近
年、ピートモスに替わる培地材料としてヤシガラが注目
されはじめ、ピートモス同様に圧縮成型が可能なことか
ら、ヤシガラを用いた潅水復元可能な圧縮成型体も使用
されるようになってきている。Under such a demand, among the above-mentioned materials, peat moss has little change in physical characteristics before and after compression. Therefore, it is common to use peat moss by compression molding and use it as a base material for horticultural seedlings and nutrient cultivation. Peat moss compression molding has been widely used as a medium for home gardening. However, the compression molded body of peat moss has a problem that the molding efficiency is poor because the restoration ratio is low with respect to the compression ratio and the compression molding must be performed at a compression ratio of about 1.5 times or more of the restoration ratio. Therefore, in recent years, coconut husk has begun to attract attention as a medium material replacing peat moss, and since compression molding is possible in the same manner as peat moss, a compression molded article that can be restored by irrigation using coconut husk is also being used.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これら
の圧縮成型体では、潅水復元後、解してから栽培容器に
小分けして使用する必要があり、大幅な作業性改善には
つながっていないという課題があった。However, in these compression molded articles, it is necessary to disassemble them after restoration of irrigation and then use them in small portions in cultivation containers, which does not lead to a significant improvement in workability. was there.
【０００５】また、ヤシガラを培地素材として用いた植
物の植込み材料（特公昭６３−５２８４８号公報及び特
開平２−２３４６１１号公報）や、ヤシガラを用いた土
壌改良材（特開平４−１２６０１５号公報）が提案され
ているが、これらの発明に用いられているヤシガラは、
ヤシガラ中果皮全体を圧搾裁断又は裁断して得られるも
のであり、これらを圧縮成型しても、圧縮成型後の成型
保形性及び復元性が不十分であるという課題があった。[0005] Further, plant planting materials using coconut shell as a culture medium material (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-52848 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2-234611), and a soil improving material using coconut shell (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-126015). ), But the coconut shell used in these inventions is
It is obtained by squeezing or cutting the entire coconut mesocarp, and even if these are compression-molded, there is a problem that the shape retention and resilience after compression molding are insufficient.
【０００６】更に、ヤシガラ残渣を用いたココナッツダ
ストプランター（特開平７−１１１８３０号公報）も提
案されているが、これは成型培地をプランター兼用のプ
ラスチック製包装袋に入れただけのものであり、成型培
地単独では取り扱われないため、この成型培地は単独で
の取り扱いに耐え得るだけの成型保形性を有していない
のは勿論のこと、成型保形性という発想自体も存在しな
かった。また、プラスチック製包装袋に入れられている
ため、復元性の緻密なコントロールもされていなかっ
た。[0006] Furthermore, a coconut dust planter using a coconut shell residue (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-111830) has also been proposed, but this is only a method in which a molding medium is simply placed in a plastic packaging bag also serving as a planter. Since the molding medium is not handled by itself, this molding medium does not have the shape-retaining property enough to withstand handling by itself, and the idea of the shape-retaining property itself did not exist. In addition, since it is contained in a plastic packaging bag, precise control of restorability has not been performed.
【０００７】更にまた、上述のように、後述する本発明
に係るコイアダスト（ヤシガラの特殊品）以外のヤシガ
ラ（中果皮裁断品等）や、その他の木質繊維状物（オガ
クズ等）を圧縮成型したものは、復元率が低いため、こ
れらを深底の育苗容器等に用いると、圧縮成型体のサイ
ズをコンパクトにできないという課題があった。Furthermore, as described above, coconut shells (cut-to-peel cut products, etc.) other than the coir dust (special products of coconut shells) according to the present invention described later, and other woody fibrous materials (such as sawdust) are compression-molded. Since these have a low restoration rate, there is a problem that the size of the compression molded body cannot be made compact when these are used for a seedling container at a deep bottom or the like.
【０００８】また通常、育苗容器は円柱状、円錐状又は
これらに類する形状であることが多く、圧縮成形体の復
元率が小さい場合、育苗容器の空隙を培土で充填するた
めには、圧縮成形体を予めその形状に近い、即ち円柱状
や円錐状に成型しておく必要があったが、円柱状等の曲
線や曲面を有する形状に成型することは、直線や平面で
形成される角柱及び角錐に成型することに比し工業的に
困難であり、成型できたとしてもコスト高となるという
課題もあった。[0008] Usually, the seedling raising container is often in the shape of a column, a cone or the like, and when the compression molded body has a small restoration rate, it is necessary to fill the cavity of the seedling raising container with the cultivated soil. It was necessary to mold the body in advance to a shape close to its shape, that is, a columnar shape or a conical shape. There is also a problem that it is industrially more difficult than molding into a pyramid, and even if it can be molded, the cost increases.
【０００９】本発明は、このような従来技術の有する課
題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところ
は、コンパクトで成型保形性に優れ、保管・輸送・取扱
いが便利であり、注水するだけで容易に所定の大きさに
復元し、解すことなくそのままの使用が可能な植物栽培
用圧縮成型培地を提供することにある。また、本発明の
他の目的は、灌水後の復元性が良好であり、且つ植物に
好適な土壌三相分布を提供することが可能な植物栽培用
圧縮成型培地を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and has as its object to be compact, excellent in shape retention, convenient in storage, transportation and handling. An object of the present invention is to provide a compression-molded medium for plant cultivation that can be easily restored to a predetermined size simply by water injection and can be used as it is without unraveling. Another object of the present invention is to provide a compression-molded medium for plant cultivation, which has good resilience after irrigation and can provide a three-phase soil distribution suitable for plants.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記目的
を達成すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ヤシガラの特定部
位を用い、含有水分率や成型圧等を適切に制御すること
により、上記目的が達成できることを見出し、本発明を
完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, by using a specific portion of coconut husk, by appropriately controlling the moisture content, molding pressure, and the like, The inventors have found that the above objects can be achieved, and have completed the present invention.
【００１１】即ち、本発明の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地
は、コイアダストを含有し、成型保形性が７５％以上で
あることを特徴とする。また、この植物栽培用圧縮成型
培地は、４〜１０倍の復元率を有することが好ましい。[0011] That is, the compression molding medium for plant cultivation of the present invention is characterized by containing coir dust and having a shape retention of 75% or more. Further, it is preferable that the compression molded medium for plant cultivation has a recovery rate of 4 to 10 times.
【００１２】また、本発明の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地の
好適形態は、圧縮成型前の培地原料の含有水分率Ｘが、
１重量％≦Ｘ＜３０重量％であることを特徴とする。更
に、本発明の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地の他の好適形態
は、３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2以上の圧力で圧縮成型されて成
ることを特徴とする。[0012] A preferred form of the compression-molding medium for plant cultivation of the present invention is that the moisture content X of the medium material before compression-molding is:
It is characterized in that 1% by weight ≦ X <30% by weight. Furthermore, another preferred form of the compression-molding medium for plant cultivation of the present invention is characterized in that the medium is compression-molded at a pressure of 300 kg / cm 2 or more.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の圧縮成型培地につ
いて詳細に説明する。上述の如く、この圧縮成型培地
は、培地原料を圧縮成型して得られるもので、コイアダ
ストを含有し、しかもその成型保形性は７５％以上であ
る。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The compression molding medium of the present invention will be described below in detail. As described above, this compression-molded medium is obtained by compression-molding a medium raw material, contains coir dust, and has a shape retention of 75% or more.
【００１４】ここで、コイアダストとは、ヤシの実の果
皮から外果皮及び内果皮を除去し、取り出された中果皮
から更に有用成分（剛長繊維及び中短繊維）を除いた残
りの細短繊維及び木質部分を意味し、また、この木質部
分は、中果皮の繊維間を埋めるように構成している木質
のようなものである。このように、コイアダストは、通
常の有用成分である繊維の採取工程に伴って大量（中果
皮全体の約６０重量％）に発生するものであり、従来は
廃棄処分されていたものである。なお、コイアダスト
は、上述のように繊維採取工程の不要成分として採取さ
れるため、これを構成する細短繊維及び木質部分の中に
は若干の長中繊維が混在しても構わない。Here, the coir dust refers to the remaining thin and fine fibers obtained by removing the outer and inner pericarps from the peel of the coconut, and further removing the useful components (rigid fibers and medium and short fibers) from the extracted mesocarps. It refers to fibers and woody parts, and the woody parts are like woody materials that are configured to fill between the fibers of the mesocarp. As described above, coir dust is generated in a large amount (about 60% by weight of the entire mesocarp) in the process of collecting fibers, which are ordinary useful components, and has conventionally been disposed of. Since the coir dust is collected as an unnecessary component in the fiber collecting step as described above, some short and medium fibers may be mixed in the short fibers and the woody part constituting the same.
【００１５】以下、コイアダストの製法を示す。 ヤシの実から、果汁、胚乳、内果皮部分を除いた外
・中果皮を乾燥する。 乾燥した外・中果皮を４〜６週間淡水に浸し、余分
なタンニン、塩化物を除去する（アク抜き）とともにふ
やけさせる。 柔らかくなった外・中果皮から、ロープ、マット及
びマットレスに使用される剛長繊維・中短繊維を分離
し、残滓として副生する細短繊維と木質部分を採取す
る。 採取した細短繊維と木質部分は、水分を８０〜９０
重量％含有しているが、脱水工程により４０〜５０重量
％とし、次いで、天日又は熱風乾燥により水分率２０重
量％とする。 更に、この乾燥品を薫蒸消毒・殺菌工程に供し、コ
ンタミ（不純物）除去・粒度調整を行い、コイアダスト
を得る。Hereinafter, a method for producing coir dust will be described. The outer and mesocarps of the palm nuts except for the juice, endosperm and inner rind are dried. The dried outer / mesocarp is soaked in fresh water for 4 to 6 weeks to remove excess tannins and chlorides (without removing water) and to soak. Rigid fibers and medium-short fibers used for ropes, mats and mattresses are separated from the softened outer and mesocarp, and the by-produced short fibers and woody parts are collected as residues. The collected short fibers and woody parts are 80 to 90
It is contained in an amount of 40% to 50% by weight in a dehydration step, and then dried in the sun or hot air to a water content of 20% by weight. Further, the dried product is subjected to a fumigation disinfection / sterilization process to remove contaminants (impurities) and adjust the particle size to obtain coir dust.
【００１６】以上のように、ヤシの実の外・中果皮か
ら、ロープ、マット及びマットレスに使用される剛長・
中短繊維を除いた残滓がコイアダストであり、別名コイ
ア、ピス等とも呼ばれ、従来は廃棄処分されていたもの
である。本発明の圧縮成型培地は、かかるコイアダスト
を積極的に使用するものであり、この観点によれば、本
発明は廃棄物の有効利用につながるものである。As described above, from the outer and mesocarp of palm nuts, the rigid materials used for ropes, mats and mattresses
The residue excluding the medium and short fibers is coir dust, which is also called coir, pis, or the like, and has been conventionally discarded. The compression-molding medium of the present invention actively uses such coir dust, and from this viewpoint, the present invention leads to effective utilization of waste.
【００１７】また、コイアダストを採取するヤシの種類
は、特に限定されるものではないが、スリランカ産のコ
コヤシから良質の剛い繊維が採取されるため、このココ
ヤシがロープ、マット及びマットレス等の繊維製品に好
適に使用されるので、コイアダストの排出量も多い。こ
のため、スリランカ産のココヤシのコイアダストは、品
質及び安定供給の点で優れており、本発明において好適
に用いられる。The kind of palm from which coir dust is collected is not particularly limited. However, since high-quality rigid fibers are collected from coconut palms produced in Sri Lanka, this coconut is used as a fiber for ropes, mats and mattresses. Since it is suitably used for products, it emits a lot of coir dust. For this reason, coconut coir dust from Sri Lanka is excellent in terms of quality and stable supply, and is suitably used in the present invention.
【００１８】上述したように、本発明の植物栽培用圧縮
成型培地は、コイアダストを含有し、圧縮成型されたも
のであるが、特に圧縮成型後の成型保形性に優れるの
で、良好な運搬性・保管性・復元性を有するものであ
る。かかる成型保形性は、本発明において、次式 成型保形性（％）＝ｗ１／ｗ０×１００ （式中のｗ０は、圧縮成型培地の重量、ｗ１は、圧縮成
形培地を３０秒振動させた後の重量を示す。）で表さ
れ、振動による圧縮成型培地の形状（重量）保持率
（％）を意味するが、本発明の圧縮成型培地では、この
成型保形性が７５％以上である。As described above, the compression-molding medium for plant cultivation of the present invention contains coir dust and is compression-molded. In particular, it has excellent shape retention after compression-molding, and therefore has good transportability.・ It has storage and restoration properties. In the present invention, such molded shape retention is expressed by the following formula: Molded shape retention (%) = w1 / w0 × 100 (where w0 is the weight of the compression molding medium, w1 is the vibration of the compression molding medium for 30 seconds. , Which indicates the shape (weight) retention (%) of the compression-molded culture medium due to vibration. In the compression-molded culture medium of the present invention, the molded form retention is 75% or more. is there.
【００１９】次に、復元性について説明すると、一般に
加圧圧縮により成型された培地における復元性は、原料
の水分、乾燥温度、圧縮成形時の圧力、温度、時間及び
原料組成等の諸条件によって決定される。Next, the resilience of a medium molded by pressurization is generally determined by various conditions such as the moisture content of the raw material, the drying temperature, the pressure, temperature, time and the composition of the raw material. It is determined.
【００２０】本発明の圧縮成型培地は、潅水すると４〜
１０倍程度の復元率で膨張・復元する。この復元率は、
圧縮成型と復元率との効率や、圧縮成型培地を深底の円
柱形や円錐形の育苗容器に充填することを考慮すると、
極めて好適な値である。なお、復元率が１０倍を超える
と、工業的生産が困難になる。よって、本発明において
は、この培地の体積と育苗容器や栽培容器の容積とを調
整することにより、当該容器に見合った所望の大きさに
復元させることができ、しかも解すことなくそのままの
状態で植物栽培に用いることが可能である。なお、本発
明の圧縮成型培地では、圧縮の方向性と復元の方向性と
に相関があるので、この相関を考慮すれば種々の形状の
栽培容器に対応可能である。The compression-molded culture medium of the present invention has a water content of 4 to
Inflates and restores at a restoration rate of about 10 times. This restoration rate is
Considering the efficiency of compression molding and the restoration rate, and filling the compression molding medium into deep-bottom cylindrical or conical seedling growing containers,
This is a very suitable value. If the restoration rate exceeds 10 times, industrial production becomes difficult. Therefore, in the present invention, by adjusting the volume of the culture medium and the volume of the seedling growing container or the cultivation container, it is possible to restore the size to a desired size corresponding to the container, and in the same state without understanding It can be used for plant cultivation. In the compression-molded culture medium of the present invention, since there is a correlation between the direction of compression and the direction of restoration, cultivation containers of various shapes can be accommodated by considering this correlation.
【００２１】また、本発明において、上述の成型保形性
は、原則としてコイアダストの圧縮成型のみで実現する
ことができるが、本発明が目的とする効果を損なわない
範囲で、必要に応じて固結材を用いることができる。か
かる固結材としては、水溶性の固結材が好ましく、具体
的には、コーンスターチ、小麦澱粉、米澱粉、甘藷澱
粉、馬鈴薯澱粉及びタピオカ澱粉等の澱粉類、アルギン
酸ナトリウムや寒天等の海藻抽出物、アラビアガムやト
ラガントガム等の植物性樹脂粘着物、カルボキシメチル
スターチやカルボキシメチルセルロース等の天然高分子
誘導体、ポリビニルアルコールやポリアクリル酸ナトリ
ウム等の合成高分子等を挙げることができる。Further, in the present invention, the above-mentioned shape retaining property can be realized only by compression molding of coir dust in principle. However, if necessary, it can be fixed as long as the desired effect of the present invention is not impaired. A binder can be used. As such a consolidation material, a water-soluble consolidation material is preferable, and specifically, starches such as corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch and tapioca starch, and seaweed extraction such as sodium alginate and agar. Products, vegetable resin adhesives such as gum arabic and tragacanth gum, natural polymer derivatives such as carboxymethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose, and synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and sodium polyacrylate.
【００２２】また、上記固結材の使用法としては、圧縮
成型後に成型体の表面に塗布、噴霧等すればよい。な
お、多量に使用したり、培地全体へ混合使用したり、非
水溶性の固結材を使用する場合などには、復元率が損な
われるおそれがあるので、使用上十分注意を払う必要が
ある。Further, as a method of using the above-mentioned consolidated material, it is sufficient to apply, spray, etc. on the surface of the molded body after compression molding. In addition, when using a large amount, mixing and using the whole medium, or using a water-insoluble solidifying material, the restoration rate may be impaired. .
【００２３】本発明の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地は、育苗
又は本圃の栽培培地として利用されるものであり、上述
のように主成分はコイアダストであるが、所要に応じて
肥料を添加することができ、このように、栽培に必要な
肥料を予め添加しておけば、施肥労力削減を図ることが
できる。また、本発明の圧縮成型培地においては、上記
成型保形性その他の特性に悪影響を及ぼさない限り、土
壌改良材や界面活性剤等の添加剤を添加することも可能
である。The compression-molded medium for plant cultivation of the present invention is used as a cultivation medium for raising seedlings or in this field. As described above, the main component is coir dust, but a fertilizer may be added as necessary. If the fertilizer necessary for cultivation is added in advance in this way, it is possible to reduce fertilization labor. In the compression-molding medium of the present invention, additives such as a soil conditioner and a surfactant can be added as long as the above-mentioned shape-retaining property and other properties are not adversely affected.
【００２４】ここで、添加可能な肥料は、特に限定され
るものではなく、Ｎ（窒素）、Ｐ2Ｏ5（リン酸）、Ｋ2
Ｏ（加里）のうち少なくとも一種の成分を含むものであ
ればば十分であるが、これら以外にもＣａＯ（酸化カル
シウム）、ＭｇＯ（酸化マグネシウム）、微量要素等の
化合物を含んでいてもよい。具体的には、チッソ肥料、
リン酸肥料、加里肥料、配合肥料、普通化成肥料、高度
化成肥料、ニ成分複合化成肥料、緩効性チッソ入り化成
肥料、被覆複合肥料、硝化制御剤入り化成肥料、固形肥
料、ペースト肥料、液体肥料、微量要素肥料、石灰質肥
料、苦土質肥料、ケイ酸質肥料、有機質肥料及び堆肥等
が挙げられる。Here, the fertilizer that can be added is not particularly limited, and N (nitrogen), P 2 O 5 (phosphoric acid), K 2
It suffices to include at least one component of O (Kari), but other than these, compounds such as CaO (calcium oxide), MgO (magnesium oxide), and trace elements may be included. Specifically, Chisso fertilizer,
Phosphate fertilizers, Kari fertilizers, compound fertilizers, ordinary chemical fertilizers, advanced chemical fertilizers, two-component compound fertilizers, compound fertilizers with slow-release nitrogen, coated compound fertilizers, compound fertilizers with nitrification control agents, solid fertilizers, paste fertilizers, liquids Fertilizers, trace element fertilizers, calcareous fertilizers, magnesia fertilizers, siliceous fertilizers, organic fertilizers and composts.
【００２５】次に、本発明の圧縮成型培地の製造方法に
ついて説明する。本発明の圧縮成型培地は、上述のよう
にして得られたコイアダストを、所要に応じて肥料その
他の添加剤と混合して培地原料を得、次いで、得られた
培地原料を圧縮成型することにより得られる。Next, a method for producing the compression-molded medium of the present invention will be described. The compression-molded medium of the present invention is obtained by mixing the coir dust obtained as described above with a fertilizer or other additives as necessary to obtain a medium material, and then compressing and molding the obtained medium material. can get.
【００２６】ここで、コイアダストその他の培地原料の
含有水分率Ｘは、成型保形性、寸法の経時変化（膨張
率）及び潅水後の復元性の点から、１重量％≦Ｘ＜３０
重量％とすることが好ましい。培地原料の含有水分率が
１重量％未満の状態で圧縮成型して得られる圧縮成型培
地は、保管時に空気中の水分を吸湿し、寸法の経時変化
が大きくなり、また、潅水後の復元率が低下することが
あり、好ましくない。一方、培地原料の含有水分率が３
０重量％以上で圧縮成型すると、圧縮時に水分が流出
し、圧縮終了直後に流出した水分を成型培地自体が吸
水、膨張するため成型保形性が低下するとともに、潅水
後の復元率も低下することがあるので、好ましくない。Here, the moisture content X of the coir dust and other culture medium raw materials is 1% by weight ≦ X <30 from the viewpoints of mold shape retention, dimensional change over time (expansion rate), and restorability after watering.
It is preferable to set the weight%. The compression-molded culture medium obtained by compression-molding with the moisture content of the culture medium material being less than 1% by weight absorbs moisture in the air at the time of storage, the dimensional change with time increases, and the restoration rate after irrigation. May decrease, which is not preferable. On the other hand, the moisture content of the culture medium material is 3
When compression molding is performed at 0% by weight or more, moisture flows out at the time of compression, and the molding medium itself absorbs and expands the water that has flowed out immediately after the compression, so that the shape retention of the molding decreases and the restoration rate after irrigation decreases. It is not preferable because it may occur.
【００２７】また、上述した含有水分率の調整は、具体
的には給水や乾燥により行うことができる。この場合、
乾燥は乾燥効率上できるだけ高温で行うことが望ましい
が、９０℃以下の温度で乾燥を行うことが好ましい。乾
燥温度が９０℃を超えると、コイアダストが炭化変質
し、圧縮成型後の復元率に悪影響を及ぼすことがある。
即ち、９０℃を超える温度で乾燥、水分調整した培地原
料を用いて圧縮成型した成型培地は、潅水時の吸水特性
が低下し、復元率が極端に悪くなることがあり、好まし
くない。The above-mentioned adjustment of the water content can be specifically performed by water supply or drying. in this case,
Drying is desirably performed at a temperature as high as possible from the viewpoint of drying efficiency, but it is preferable that drying is performed at a temperature of 90 ° C. or less. If the drying temperature exceeds 90 ° C., the coir dust is carbonized and deteriorated, which may adversely affect the restoration rate after compression molding.
That is, a compacted medium formed by compression-molding using a medium material dried and adjusted in water content at a temperature exceeding 90 ° C. is not preferable because the water absorption property at the time of watering is reduced and the restoration rate is extremely deteriorated.
【００２８】また、圧縮成型における圧縮圧力は、培地
原料の含有水分率によっても左右されるが、成型保形
性、潅水後の復元性の点から、３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2以上
とすることが好ましい。３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2未満では、
成型時の保形性が不十分であり、潅水後の復元性も低下
することがあり、好ましくない。なお、成型保形性は、
圧縮圧力を高くする方が向上するが、培地原料の含有水
分率に注意する必要があり、培地原料の含有水分率に見
合った圧力を選定することが重要である。The compression pressure in the compression molding depends on the moisture content of the raw material of the culture medium, but is preferably 300 kg / cm 2 or more from the viewpoint of the shape retention and the resilience after watering. If it is less than 300 kg / cm 2 ,
The shape retention during molding is insufficient, and the resilience after irrigation may decrease, which is not preferable. The shape retention is
The higher the compression pressure, the better. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the moisture content of the medium material, and it is important to select a pressure that matches the moisture content of the medium material.
【００２９】[0029]
【実施例】以下、本発明を、実施例及び比較例により更
に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定され
るものではない。なお、各例において、圧縮率その他の
基礎的特性は以下のようにして求めた。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. In each example, the compression ratio and other basic characteristics were determined as follows.
【００３０】（圧縮率）圧縮前の高さｈ０を測定後、各
成型条件により圧縮成型した後の高さｈ１を測定し、ｈ
０／ｈ１より圧縮率を算出した。(Compression ratio) After measuring the height h0 before compression, the height h1 after compression molding under each molding condition was measured, and h
The compression ratio was calculated from 0 / h1.
【００３１】（成型保形性） 圧縮成型品の重量ｗ０を測定する。ペイントシェイ
カー（平工製作所製、型式：ＴＩ−１００）を用い、サ
ンプルをシェイカー容器（内径φ６０ｍｍ×高さ２８ｍ
ｍ）にセットし、３０秒振動させる。サンプルをシェ
イカー容器から取り出し、重量ｗ１を測定し、ｗ１／ｗ
０×１００より、形状保持率（％）を算出する。以上の
評価を連続５回繰り返し、１回毎の形状保持率を算出
し、これを成型保形性とした。(Molding Shape Retention) The weight w0 of the compression molded product is measured. Using a paint shaker (manufactured by Heiko Seisakusho, model: TI-100), the sample was placed in a shaker container (inner diameter φ60 mm × height 28 m).
m) and shake for 30 seconds. The sample is taken out of the shaker container, the weight w1 is measured, and w1 / w
From 0 × 100, the shape retention (%) is calculated. The above evaluation was repeated five times in succession, and the shape retention rate was calculated each time, and this was defined as the mold shape retention.
【００３２】（膨張率） 圧縮成型直後の高さ（厚み）ｔ０を測定する。湿度
３０％ＲＨ下に２４時間放置し、２４時間後の高さ（厚
み）ｔ１を測定する。（ｔ１−ｔ０）／ｔ０×１００
より膨張率（％）を算出した。(Expansion coefficient) The height (thickness) t0 immediately after compression molding is measured. It is left under a humidity of 30% RH for 24 hours, and the height (thickness) t1 after 24 hours is measured. (T1−t0) / t0 × 100
From this, the expansion rate (%) was calculated.
【００３３】（復元率） 圧縮成型品の高さ（厚み）ｈ０を測定する。砂柱法
キット（大起理化工業（株）製、型式；ＤＩＫ−３５２
０）を用い、砂柱法容器内の石英砂の上にろ紙（φ３８
０ｍｍ以上）を敷き、十分に飽水させる。飽和状態の
石英砂の上に、アクリル製透明パイプ（内径７４ｍｍ×
外径８０ｍｍ×高さ１２０ｍｍ）を設置し、さらに、石
英砂上面からの水位が、２５ｍｍ上位まで給水する。
水位が安定したら、測定用サンプルをアクリル製透明パ
イプ内に投入・水没させ、潅水３０分後のサンプル高さ
ｈ１を測定する（※サンプル投入後、適宜、砂柱法容器
上部より、静かに給水する。）。ｈ１／ｈ０より、復
元率を算出した。(Restoration ratio) The height (thickness) h0 of the compression molded product is measured. Sand column method kit (manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., model: DIK-352)
0), filter paper (φ38) is placed on the quartz sand in the sand column method container.
(0 mm or more) and saturate sufficiently. Acrylic transparent pipe (inner diameter 74mm ×
(80 mm outer diameter x 120 mm height), and the water level from the upper surface of the quartz sand is 25 mm higher.
When the water level is stable, the sample for measurement is put in a transparent acrylic pipe and submerged, and the sample height h1 after 30 minutes of irrigation is measured. (* After the sample is put in, the water is gently supplied from the upper part of the sand column method container. I do.) The restoration rate was calculated from h1 / h0.
【００３４】（潅水復元後の三相分布） 上記方法にて復元させた後、砂柱法キットの水位をＰ
Ｆ＝１．５（石英砂上面からの水位；３１．６ｃｍ下
位）に調節する。 サンプル全体に蓋をし、ＰＦ＝
１．５の状態で２４時間以上放置する。アクリル製透
明パイプ内のサンプルを三相分布測定用１００ｍｌ試料
円筒（大起理化工業（株）製、型式；ＤＩＫ−１８０
１）にサンプル状態を変化させないように採取する。
土壌三相計（大起理化工業（株）製、型式；ＤＩＫ−１
１２０）に試料円筒をセットし、サンプルの実容積
（Ｖ）を測定する。さらに天秤にて全重量（Ｗ）を測
定し、オーブンに入れ１０５℃で２４時間以上乾燥さ
せ、乾燥前後の重量差から水分重量（Ｍ）を算出する。
下記の計算式により、ａ）気相率 ｂ）固相率 ｃ）
液相率を算出した。 ａ）気相率（Ａ＝Ｖａ） ；空気容量Ｖａ＝１００−Ｖ ｂ）固相率（Ｓν＝Ｖｓ）；固相容量Ｖｓ＝（Ｗ−Ｖ）／（ｄ−１） ｃ）液相率（Ｍν＝Ｖｌ）；水分容量Ｖｌ＝Ｖ−Ｖｓ ｄ）真比重（ｄ） ；ｄ＝（Ｗ−Ｍ）／（Ｖ−Ｖｌ） Ｖｌ：水分容量、Ｖｌ＝Ｍ(Three-phase distribution after irrigation restoration) After restoration by the above method, the water level of the sand column method kit was set to P
Adjust to F = 1.5 (water level from the top of quartz sand; 31.6 cm lower). Cover the entire sample, PF =
Leave at 1.5 for 24 hours or more. A sample in a transparent acrylic pipe was used as a 100-ml sample cylinder (manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., model: DIK-180) for three-phase distribution measurement.
The sample is collected without changing the sample state in 1).
Soil three-phase meter (manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd., model: DIK-1)
The sample cylinder is set to 120), and the actual volume (V) of the sample is measured. Further, the total weight (W) is measured with a balance, placed in an oven and dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours or more, and the water weight (M) is calculated from the weight difference before and after drying.
According to the following formula, a) gas phase ratio b) solid phase ratio c)
The liquid phase ratio was calculated. a) Gas phase ratio (A = Va); Air volume Va = 100−V b) Solid phase ratio (Sν = Vs); Solid phase volume Vs = (W−V) / (d−1) c) Liquid phase ratio (Mν = Vl); water capacity Vl = V−Vs d) true specific gravity (d); d = (WM) / (V−Vl) V1: water capacity, Vl = M
【００３５】（易崩壊性）潅水復元後状態を下記評価基
準に基づき、触感及び目視にて判断した。 ＜評価基準＞ ○：容易に崩壊する △：崩壊し難
い ×：崩壊しない 充填作業性は、実際の充填作業における作業性を比較し
た。(Easy Collapse) The state after restoration of watering was judged by touch and visual observation based on the following evaluation criteria. <Evaluation Criteria> ：: Disintegrates easily Δ: Difficult to disintegrate X: Does not disintegrate Filling workability was compared with workability in actual filling work.
【００３６】１．基礎的特性評価用サンプルの試作 （実施例１）スリランカ産コイアダスト（ＣＥＹＬＯＮ
ＧＡＲＤＥＮ ＣＯＩＲ （ＰＶＴ） ＬＴＤ．製、
１００Ｌ用圧縮ブロック品）を水に戻し、解ブロックし
た後、８０℃設定の熱風乾燥機にて乾燥したコイアダス
ト１００Ｌと、肥料成分として硫酸アンモニア（チッソ
旭肥料（株）製、保証成分：窒素２１％）７５ｇ、重焼
リン（小野田化学工業（株）製、保証成分：ク溶性リン
酸４６％）１００ｇ及び硫酸加里（チッソ旭肥料（株）
製、保証成分：加里５０％）３０ｇを、内部容量が４０
０Ｌの羽付きコンクリートミキサーに投入して１０ｒｐ
ｍの回転速度で１０分間混合ブレンドした。更に重量法
により全培地原料の水分率を測定し、水を添加して培地
全含有水分率を１０重量％に調整した。1. Trial production of sample for evaluation of basic characteristics (Example 1) Coir dust (CEYLON) from Sri Lanka
GARDEN COIR (PVT) LTD. Made,
100 L of compressed block product was returned to water, unblocked, and dried with a hot air dryer set at 80 ° C., 100 L of coir dust, and ammonium sulfate as a fertilizer component (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component: nitrogen 21) %) 75 g, heavy burning phosphorus (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., guaranteed component: 46% soluble phosphoric acid) 100 g and sulfuric acid potassium (Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.)
Made, guaranteed ingredients: Kali 50%) 30g, internal capacity 40
Put into a 0L winged concrete mixer and 10rpm
The mixture was blended at a rotation speed of m for 10 minutes. Further, the water content of all the raw materials of the culture medium was measured by a weight method, and water was added to adjust the total water content of the culture medium to 10% by weight.
【００３７】得られた水分調整済み培地原料２０ｇを、
φ５２ｍｍ×１２０ｍｍの円筒金型をセットした５０ｔ
プレス装置（（株）ショージ製）を用い、この金型に投
入し、成型圧力３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2、成型時間１分の条
件にて圧縮成型を行い、φ５２ｍｍ×１１ｍｍの基礎的
特性評価サンプルを得た。20 g of the obtained water-conditioned medium material was
50t with a cylindrical mold of φ52mm × 120mm set
Using a press machine (manufactured by Shoji Co., Ltd.), the material was put into this mold, compression-molded under the conditions of a molding pressure of 300 kg / cm 2 and a molding time of 1 minute to obtain a basic characteristic evaluation sample of φ52 mm × 11 mm. Was.
【００３８】（実施例２及び３）培地全含有水分率を２
０重量％（実施例２）及び２５重量％（実施例３）とし
た以外は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Examples 2 and 3)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that 0% by weight (Example 2) and 25% by weight (Example 3) were used.
【００３９】（実施例４〜６）プレス圧力を４００ｋｇ
／ｃｍ2（実施例４）、５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（実施例５）
及び６００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（実施例６）とした以外は、実
施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Examples 4 to 6) Pressing pressure of 400 kg
/ Cm 2 (Example 4), 500 kg / cm 2 (Example 5)
And 600 kg / cm 2 (Example 6), except that the same operation as in Example 1 was repeated.
【００４０】（実施例７）実施例１のコイアダストの替
わりに、このコイアダストを篩（１６ｍｅｓｈ、目開き
１ｍｍ）により分取した篩上成分であるコイアダスト１
ｍｍオン品を使用した以外は、実施例１と同様の操作を
繰り返した。(Example 7) Coir dust 1 which is a component on the sieve obtained by fractionating the coir dust by a sieve (16 mesh, 1 mm opening) instead of the coir dust of Example 1
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that the mm-on product was used.
【００４１】（実施例８及び９）実施例７のコイアダス
ト１ｍｍオン品を使用し、培地全含有水分率を２０重量
％（実施例８）及び２５重量％（実施例９）とした以外
は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Examples 8 and 9) The same procedure as in Example 7 was carried out except that the 1 mm-on coir dust was used, and the total moisture content of the medium was changed to 20% by weight (Example 8) and 25% by weight (Example 9). The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated.
【００４２】（実施例１０〜１２）実施例７のコイアダ
スト１ｍｍオン品を使用し、プレス圧力を４００ｋｇ／
ｃｍ2（実施例１０）、５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（実施例１
１）及び６００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（実施例１２）とした以外
は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Examples 10 to 12) Using the product of 1 mm on dust of coir dust of Example 7, the pressing pressure was 400 kg /
cm 2 (Example 10), 500 kg / cm 2 (Example 1)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated except that 1) and 600 kg / cm 2 (Example 12).
【００４３】（実施例１３）実施例１のコイアダストの
替わりに、このコイアダストを篩（１６ｍｅｓｈ、目開
き１ｍｍ）により分取した篩下成分であるコイアダスト
１ｍｍパス品を使用した以外は、実施例１と同様の操作
を繰り返した。Example 13 Example 1 was repeated, except that a 1 mm pass product of coir dust, which was a component under the sieve, was used in place of the coir dust of Example 1 and was filtered using a sieve (16 mesh, 1 mm opening). The same operation as described above was repeated.
【００４４】（実施例１４及び１５）実施例１３のコイ
アダスト１ｍｍパス品を使用し、培地全含有水分率を２
０重量％（実施例１３）及び２５重量％（実施例１５）
とした以外は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Examples 14 and 15) Using the coir dust 1 mm pass product of Example 13, the total moisture content of the medium was adjusted to 2
0% by weight (Example 13) and 25% by weight (Example 15)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that
【００４５】（実施例１６〜１８）実施例１３のコイア
ダスト１ｍｍパス品を使用し、プレス圧力を４００ｋｇ
／ｃｍ2（実施例１６）、５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（実施例１
７）及び６００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（実施例１８）とした以外
は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Examples 16 to 18) The 1 mm pass product of the coir dust of Example 13 was used, and the pressing pressure was 400 kg.
/ Cm 2 (Example 16), 500 kg / cm 2 (Example 1)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated except that 7) and 600 kg / cm 2 (Example 18).
【００４６】（比較例１〜３）培地全含有水分率を３０
重量％（比較例１）、４０重量％（比較例２）及び５０
重量％（比較例３）とした以外は、実施例１と同様の操
作を繰り返した。(Comparative Examples 1 to 3)
% (Comparative Example 1), 40% by weight (Comparative Example 2) and 50%
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated except that the weight% (Comparative Example 3) was used.
【００４７】（比較例４〜６）プレス圧力を５０ｋｇ／
ｃｍ2、１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2及び２００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2とし
た以外は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Comparative Examples 4 to 6) A pressing pressure of 50 kg /
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that cm 2 , 100 kg / cm 2 and 200 kg / cm 2 were used.
【００４８】（比較例７〜８）スリランカ産コイアダス
トの替わりに、スリランカ産ヤシガラチップ（ヤシガラ
果皮全体を１０ｍｍ角のチップ状に裁断したもの（比較
例７））及びその粉砕品（粉砕φ６ｍｍパス品（比較例
８））をそれぞれ別々に使用した以外は、実施例１と同
様の操作を繰り返した。(Comparative Examples 7 to 8) Instead of Sri Lanka's coir dust, Sri Lankan coconut shell chips (the whole coconut shell peeled into 10 mm square chips (Comparative Example 7)) and their crushed products (crushed φ6 mm pass products) (Comparative Example 8) The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated except that each was used separately.
【００４９】（比較例９）スリランカ産コイアダストの
替わりに、フィリピン産ヤシガラチップ（（株）フジッ
ク製、商品名；ベラボンＬ、ヤシガラ果皮全体を１４ｍ
ｍ角のチップ状に圧搾裁断したもの）を使用した以外
は、実施例１と同様の操作を繰り返した。(Comparative Example 9) Instead of Sri Lankan coir dust, Philippine coconut chips (Fujic Co., Ltd., trade name: Bellabon L, whole coconut husk 14 m)
The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated except that m-shaped chips were cut out.
【００５０】（比較例１０）スリランカ産コイアダスト
の替わりに、フィンランド産ピートモス（バポ社製、商
品名；バポ・ピート）を使用した以外は、実施例１と同
様の操作を繰り返した。Comparative Example 10 The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that Finnish peat moss (trade name: Bapo Peat) was used instead of Sri Lankan coir dust.
【００５１】（比較例１１）スリランカ産コイアダスト
の替わりに、オガクズを使用した以外は、実施例１と同
様の操作を繰り返した。Comparative Example 11 The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that sawdust was used instead of Sri Lankan coir dust.
【００５２】上述した各例の圧縮成型培地の基礎的特性
を評価し、得られた結果を含有水分率などとともに表１
に示す。The basic characteristics of the compression-molded medium of each of the above examples were evaluated, and the obtained results were evaluated together with the water content and the like in Table 1.
Shown in
【００５３】[0053]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００５４】２．育苗試験；苺の育苗試験 （実施例１９）実施例１で用いたプレス装置に縦１１ｃ
ｍ×横１１ｃｍ×高さ１２ｃｍの角柱金型をセットし、
実施例１で用いた培地原料３００ｇをこの金型へ投入
し、成型圧力３５０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2、成型時間１分の条件
にて圧縮成型を行った。得られた成形品を截頭四角錘形
に裁断し、潅水復元時に苺育苗用アイポット容器（容
積；１１５ｍｌ、内径；４ｃｍ、外径；５ｃｍ、深さ；
１５ｃｍのテーパーのある円筒型ポット）内を満たせる
ように加工し、本実施例の苺育苗用圧縮成型培地を得
た。このようにして得られた圧縮成型培地を苺育苗用ア
イポット容器３０個に詰める作業を行い、６月４日に苗
の採苗を実施し、７月５日に生育状態を調査した。な
お、育苗は福岡県北九州市戸畑区のガラスハウスにて実
施した。2. Seedling raising test; Seedling raising test of strawberry (Example 19) The press apparatus used in Example 1 was vertically 11c.
mx × 11cm × height 12cm set the prism mold,
300 g of the medium raw material used in Example 1 was charged into this mold, and compression molding was performed under the conditions of a molding pressure of 350 kg / cm 2 and a molding time of 1 minute. The obtained molded product was cut into a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape, and an eye pot container for strawberry raising seedlings (volume: 115 ml, inner diameter: 4 cm, outer diameter: 5 cm, depth;
Processing was performed so as to fill the inside of a 15 cm tapered cylindrical pot) to obtain a compression molded medium for growing strawberry seedlings of this example. The compression-molded medium thus obtained was packed into 30 strawberry growing seedling eye pot containers, the seedlings were collected on June 4, and the growth state was examined on July 5. The nursery was carried out at a glass house in Tobata Ward, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture.
【００５５】（実施例２０）スリランカ産コイアダスト
の替わりに実施例７の培地原料を使用し、金型への原料
投入量を２５０ｇとした以外は、実施例１９と同様の育
苗試験を実施した。Example 20 A seedling raising test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 19, except that the medium raw material of Example 7 was used in place of the Sri Lankan coir dust, and the amount of the raw material charged into the mold was 250 g.
【００５６】（比較例１２）スリランカ産コイアダスト
の替わりに、比較例９のフィンランド産ピートモスを成
型することなく、そのままバラ状で使用する以外は、実
施例１９と同様に育苗試験を実施した。(Comparative Example 12) A seedling raising test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 19, except that the Finnish peat moss of Comparative Example 9 was used in the form of roses instead of the Sri Lankan coir dust.
【００５７】（比較例１３）実施例１で用いた原料を成
型することなく、そのままバラ状で使用した以外は、実
施例１９と同様に育苗試験を実施した。(Comparative Example 13) A seedling raising test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 19, except that the raw materials used in Example 1 were used in a rose shape without molding.
【００５８】上記各例の充填作業及び育苗試験の結果を
表２に示す。Table 2 shows the results of the filling operation and the seedling raising test of each of the above examples.
【００５９】[0059]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００６０】３．育苗試験；ハクサイの育苗試験 （実施例２１）実施例１で用いたプレス装置に縦１１ｃ
ｍ×横１１ｃｍ×高さ１２ｃｍの角柱金型をセットし、
実施例１で用いた培地原料１１０ｇを金型へ投入し、成
型圧力３５０ｋｇ／ｃｍ2、成型時間１分の条件にて圧
縮成型を行い、潅水後に５０ｍｍキューブ型に復元する
ように裁断し、ハクサイ育苗用圧縮成型培地を得た。し
かる後、これら成型培地を育苗用容器（縦；５０ｍｍ、
横；５０ｍｍ、深さ；５０ｍｍ）３０個に詰める作業を
行い、７月１５日に苗の採苗を実施し、８月１５日に生
育状態を調査した。なお、育苗は福岡県北九州市戸畑区
のガラスハウスにて実施した。3. Seedling raising test; seedling raising test of Chinese cabbage (Example 21) The press device used in Example 1 was vertically 11c.
mx × 11cm × height 12cm set the prism mold,
110 g of the medium raw material used in Example 1 was charged into a mold, compression-molded under the conditions of a molding pressure of 350 kg / cm 2 and a molding time of 1 minute, cut into a 50 mm cube after watering, and then cut into Chinese cabbage. A compression molding medium for raising seedlings was obtained. Thereafter, these molded media were placed in a container for raising seedlings (length: 50 mm,
(Width: 50 mm, depth: 50 mm) An operation of packing 30 pieces was performed, and seedlings were collected on July 15 and the growth state was investigated on August 15. The nursery was carried out at a glass house in Tobata Ward, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture.
【００６１】（実施例２２）スリランカ産コイアダスト
の替わりに、実施例１３の培地原料を使用し、金型への
原料投入量を１５０ｇとした以外は、実施例２１と同様
の育苗試験を実施した。Example 22 A seedling raising test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 except that the medium raw material of Example 13 was used instead of the Sri Lankan coir dust, and the amount of the raw material charged into the mold was 150 g. .
【００６２】（比較例１４）スリランカ産コイアダスト
の替わりに、比較例９のフィンランド産ピートモスを成
型することなく、そのままバラ状で使用した以外は、実
施例２１と同様の育苗試験を実施した。(Comparative Example 14) A seedling raising test similar to that of Example 21 was carried out, except that the Finnish peat moss of Comparative Example 9 was used in the form of roses instead of molding the Sri Lankan coir dust.
【００６３】（比較例１５）実施例１で用いた原料を成
型することなく、そのままバラ状で使用した以外は、実
施例２１と同様の育苗試験を実施した。Comparative Example 15 A seedling raising test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 21 except that the raw materials used in Example 1 were used in a rose shape without molding.
【００６４】上記各例の充填作業及び育苗試験の結果を
表３に示す。Table 3 shows the results of the filling operation and seedling raising test of each of the above examples.
【００６５】[0065]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００６６】[0066]
【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように、本発明によれ
ば、ヤシガラの特定部位を用い、含有水分率や成型圧等
を適切に制御することとしたため、コンパクトで成型保
形性に優れ、保管・輸送・取扱いが便利であり、注水す
るだけで容易に所定の大きさに復元し、解すことなくそ
のままの使用が可能な植物栽培用圧縮成型培地を提供す
ることができる。また、本発明によれば、灌水後の復元
性が良好であり、且つ植物に好適な土壌三相分布を提供
することが可能な植物栽培用圧縮成型培地が提供され
る。As described above, according to the present invention, a specific portion of coconut husk is used and the moisture content, molding pressure and the like are appropriately controlled, so that it is compact and excellent in shape retention. It is possible to provide a compressed medium for plant cultivation that is convenient to store, transport and handle, can be easily restored to a predetermined size only by pouring water, and can be used as it is without unraveling. Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a compression-molded medium for plant cultivation, which has good resilience after watering and can provide a three-phase soil distribution suitable for plants.
【００６７】即ち、本発明の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地
は、保管輸送時にはコンパクト化されているため嵩張ら
ず、使用時には栽培容器に入れて潅水することにより、
容易に栽培容器に見合った適切な大きさに復元し、肥料
を添加している場合には、そのままの状態で使用可能で
あるため、大幅な作業改善につながる。更に、培地の含
有水分率及び圧縮圧力条件を調節することにより、植物
に最適な土壌三相分布を有する培地の提供を可能とし、
且つ、圧縮成型時の保形性及び潅水後の復元性のコント
ロールも可能とした。That is, the compacted culture medium for plant cultivation of the present invention is compact when stored and transported, so that it is not bulky.
If it is easily restored to an appropriate size suitable for the cultivation container and fertilizer is added, it can be used as it is, leading to a significant improvement in work. Furthermore, by adjusting the moisture content and the compression pressure conditions of the medium, it is possible to provide a medium having an optimum soil three-phase distribution for plants,
In addition, control of shape retention during compression molding and restorability after irrigation was enabled.
Claims (8)
５％以上であることを特徴とする植物栽培用圧縮成型培
地。1. It contains coir dust and has a shape retention of 7
A compression-molded medium for plant cultivation, which is at least 5%.
する請求項１記載の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地。2. The compression molded medium for plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the restoration rate is 4 to 10 times.
求項１又は２記載の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地。3. The compression-molded medium for plant cultivation according to claim 1, further comprising a fertilizer.
が、１重量％≦Ｘ＜３０重量％であることを特徴とする
請求項１〜３のいずれか１つの項に記載の植物栽培用圧
縮成型培地。4. The moisture content X of a medium material before compression molding.
Is 1% by weight ≦ X <30% by weight, the compression molded medium for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
有する培地原料を、９０℃以下の温度で乾燥することに
より、含有水分率を調整して成ることを特徴とする請求
項４記載の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地。5. The plant cultivation according to claim 4, wherein the raw material for the culture medium containing coir dust and, if necessary, fertilizer is dried at a temperature of 90 ° C. or less to adjust the moisture content. For compression molding medium.
型されて成ることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか
１つの項に記載の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地。6. The compression molded medium for plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the medium is compression molded at a pressure of 300 kg / cm 2 or more.
の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地に用いられることを特徴とす
るコイアダスト。7. Coir dust, which is used for the press-molded medium for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
の植物栽培用圧縮成型培地を用いることを特徴とする栽
培方法。8. A cultivation method using the compression-molded medium for plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9339527A JPH11155362A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 1997-11-26 | Compression-molded culture medium for cultivating plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9339527A JPH11155362A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 1997-11-26 | Compression-molded culture medium for cultivating plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11155362A true JPH11155362A (en) | 1999-06-15 |
Family
ID=18328333
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9339527A Pending JPH11155362A (en) | 1997-11-26 | 1997-11-26 | Compression-molded culture medium for cultivating plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11155362A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100468452B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2005-01-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | Preparing method of medium for nutrient solution culture using coir and the medium thereof |
| WO2018020514A1 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-01 | Omega Ecotech Products India Pvt Ltd | An activated aerobic composting media and production method thereof |
-
1997
- 1997-11-26 JP JP9339527A patent/JPH11155362A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100468452B1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2005-01-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | Preparing method of medium for nutrient solution culture using coir and the medium thereof |
| WO2018020514A1 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-01 | Omega Ecotech Products India Pvt Ltd | An activated aerobic composting media and production method thereof |
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