JPH11152538A - Sintered friction material - Google Patents
Sintered friction materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11152538A JPH11152538A JP33633497A JP33633497A JPH11152538A JP H11152538 A JPH11152538 A JP H11152538A JP 33633497 A JP33633497 A JP 33633497A JP 33633497 A JP33633497 A JP 33633497A JP H11152538 A JPH11152538 A JP H11152538A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- friction material
- friction
- potassium titanate
- graphite
- magnesium oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は摩擦材に関するもの
で、特に自動車，鉄道車両，航空機，産業機械などの制
動装置におけるブレーキライニング，ディスクパッド，
クラッチフェーシング等の摺動面に最適な摩擦材に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction material, and more particularly to a brake lining, a disc pad, and the like for a braking device of an automobile, a railway vehicle, an aircraft, an industrial machine, and the like.
The present invention relates to a friction material most suitable for a sliding surface such as clutch facing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】上記の制動装置の摩擦材として、樹脂
（フェノール樹脂，エポキシ樹脂など）を結合剤とし、
これに基材を分散し、必要に応じて摩擦調整材を添加し
た混合物を加熱・加圧下に結着成形することにより製造
されるものが知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Resin (phenol resin, epoxy resin, etc.) is used as a binder as a friction material for the above braking device,
What is manufactured by dispersing a base material in this and binding-molding the mixture which added the friction modifier as needed, under heat and pressure is known.
【０００３】この種の摩擦材は一般に温度の上昇につれ
て摩擦係数が低下するものが多い。このため、自動車の
走行において連続降坂などの際、制動性能が著しく低下
するフェード現象が生じることから、近年、高負荷条件
下で使用される摩擦材料には銅などの金属をベースと
し、これに黒鉛，セラミックス等の摩擦調整材を添加し
た焼結合金が使用されている。[0003] In many cases, the friction coefficient of this kind of friction material generally decreases as the temperature increases. For this reason, a fade phenomenon occurs in which the braking performance is significantly reduced when the vehicle is traveling continuously on a downhill or the like.In recent years, friction materials used under high load conditions have been based on metals such as copper. A sintered alloy obtained by adding a friction adjusting material such as graphite and ceramics to the material is used.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、これら従来の
焼結合金製摩擦材（以下焼結摩擦材という）のある種の
ものは、高い摩擦係数を示すが鳴き特性が不十分なもの
がある。また、別の摩擦材においては、鳴き特性は十分
であるが、摩擦係数が著しく低下するものなど、満足な
特性を具えていないのが現状である。However, some of these conventional sintered alloy friction materials (hereinafter referred to as sintered friction materials) exhibit a high coefficient of friction but have insufficient squeal characteristics. . In addition, other friction materials have satisfactory squealing characteristics, but do not have satisfactory characteristics such as a material having a significantly reduced friction coefficient.
【０００５】従って、本発明の主目的は、高い摩擦係数
の発現と鳴き特性とを両立した焼結摩擦材を提供するこ
とにある。[0005] Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a sintered friction material which exhibits both high friction coefficient expression and squeal characteristics.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記の課題を解
消するもので、その特徴は、銅系金属をマトリックスと
し、摩擦調整材として酸化マグネシウム，黒鉛およびチ
タン酸カリウムを含むことにある。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is characterized in that a copper-based metal is used as a matrix, and magnesium oxide, graphite and potassium titanate are used as friction modifiers.
【０００７】銅系金属のマトリックスは、展延性が良好
であり、かつ熱伝導性が高いことから、摩擦係数の安定
化とヒートスポットの分散化を図ると共に、相手材との
凝着により摩擦係数の向上が図れる。酸化マグネシウム
は摩擦材の減衰性を向上させることにより鳴き特性の向
上を、黒鉛は摩擦材の耐摩耗性向上を、チタン酸カリウ
ムはマトリックス金属と馴染むことで材料強度の保持を
図るものである。[0007] The copper-based metal matrix has good spreadability and high thermal conductivity, so that it stabilizes the friction coefficient and disperses the heat spot, and at the same time, adheres to the mating material to form a friction coefficient. Can be improved. Magnesium oxide improves the squeal characteristics by improving the damping property of the friction material, graphite improves the wear resistance of the friction material, and potassium titanate improves the material strength by being compatible with the matrix metal.
【０００８】これらの効果を十分に得るためには、酸化
マグネシウムは体積比率で１〜１５％，黒鉛は体積比率
で１０〜５０％，チタン酸カリウムは体積比率で５〜３
０％の割合で配合されていることが好ましい。In order to obtain these effects sufficiently, magnesium oxide has a volume ratio of 1 to 15%, graphite has a volume ratio of 10 to 50%, and potassium titanate has a volume ratio of 5 to 3%.
It is preferable to be blended at a ratio of 0%.
【０００９】酸化マグネシウムの体積比率が１％よりも
少ないと鳴き特性が不十分であり、逆に１５％よりも多
いとマトリックスの焼結が阻害され、材料強度が低下す
る。If the volume ratio of magnesium oxide is less than 1%, the squealing characteristics are insufficient. On the other hand, if the volume ratio is more than 15%, sintering of the matrix is hindered and the material strength is reduced.
【００１０】黒鉛の体積比率が１０％より少ないと摩擦
材の耐摩耗性向上が不十分であり、他方、５０％よりも
多いと材料強度が著しく低下する。[0010] If the volume ratio of graphite is less than 10%, the wear resistance of the friction material is insufficiently improved, while if it is more than 50%, the material strength is significantly reduced.
【００１１】チタン酸カリウムの体積比率が５％より少
ないと材料強度を保持する効果が発揮されず、逆に３０
％よりも多いと材料強度の保持効果が飽和して、やがて
材料強度の低下を招く。When the volume ratio of potassium titanate is less than 5%, the effect of maintaining the material strength is not exhibited, and
%, The effect of retaining the material strength saturates, eventually leading to a decrease in the material strength.
【００１２】なお、チタン酸カリウムは一般式Ｋ2 Ｏ・
ｎＴｉＯ2 で表される化合物であるが、ｎ＝２，４，
６，８のものが実用的である。特に六チタン酸カリウム
が好適である。また、チタン酸カリウムとチタン酸カル
シウムとを粒子状に焼結した複合材料を用いても良い。The potassium titanate has the general formula K 2 O.
A compound represented by nTiO 2 , where n = 2, 4,
6 and 8 are practical. Particularly, potassium hexatitanate is preferred. Further, a composite material obtained by sintering potassium titanate and calcium titanate into particles may be used.
【００１３】酸化マグネシウムの粒径は０．５〜２００
μｍの範囲が適当である。この下限より小さいとマトリ
ックスの焼結が阻害され、材料強度が低下する。また、
上限を超えると摩擦材の減衰性向上が見られず、鳴き特
性の向上が十分でない。The particle size of magnesium oxide is 0.5 to 200.
The range of μm is appropriate. If it is smaller than the lower limit, sintering of the matrix is hindered, and the material strength is reduced. Also,
If it exceeds the upper limit, the damping property of the friction material is not improved, and the squealing property is not sufficiently improved.
【００１４】黒鉛の粒径は１０〜１０００μｍの範囲が
適当である。この下限より小さいとマトリックスの焼結
が阻害され、材料強度が低下する。また、上限を超える
と黒鉛の偏析が顕著になり、均一な分散状態を確保する
ことが難しい。The particle size of graphite is suitably in the range of 10 to 1000 μm. If it is smaller than the lower limit, sintering of the matrix is hindered, and the material strength is reduced. If the upper limit is exceeded, segregation of graphite becomes remarkable, and it is difficult to ensure a uniform dispersion state.
【００１５】さらに、チタン酸カリウムの形状は、ウィ
スカ状，板状，球状の少なくとも１種類とすることが望
ましい。特に、球状のチタン酸カリウムはウィスカ状や
板状のものに比べて以下の点で好ましい。 同じ体積比率添加してもウィスカや板状に比べて材料
強度の低下が少ない。 原料粉末混合時に粉砕され難く、球状のまま均一に分
散される。 金型投入時の混合粉末の流動性が良好なため偏析が少
ない。 球状粒子内の内部摩擦により、焼結体の減衰性が向上
し鳴きを抑制する効果が大きい。Further, the shape of potassium titanate is desirably at least one of whisker, plate and sphere. In particular, spherical potassium titanate is preferable in the following points as compared with whisker-like or plate-like ones. Even if the same volume ratio is added, the decrease in material strength is small compared to whisker or plate shape. It is difficult to grind when mixing the raw material powders, and is uniformly dispersed in a spherical shape. Good segregation due to good flowability of the mixed powder at the time of injection into the mold. Due to the internal friction in the spherical particles, the damping property of the sintered body is improved and the effect of suppressing the squeal is great.
【００１６】なお、本発明焼結摩擦材に他の摩擦調整材
や防錆材，潤滑剤などを必要に応じて適量添加しても良
いことは言うまでもない。例えば、硫酸バリウム，マグ
ネタイト，ホタル石，二硫化モリブデン等が添加されて
いてもよい。It is needless to say that other friction modifiers, rust preventives, lubricants and the like may be added to the sintered friction material of the present invention in appropriate amounts as needed. For example, barium sulfate, magnetite, fluorite, molybdenum disulfide and the like may be added.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明
する。表１に示すマトリックス，酸化マグネシウム，黒
鉛，チタン酸カリウムを配合した混合粉末を準備し、成
形圧力２〜５ton/cm2 で圧粉体を成形した後、Ｎ2 雰囲
気中において７５０℃で２０〜９０分間焼結し、試料１
〜２２の焼結摩擦材を製造した。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. A mixed powder containing a matrix, magnesium oxide, graphite, and potassium titanate shown in Table 1 was prepared, and a green compact was formed at a forming pressure of 2 to 5 ton / cm 2 , and then pressed at 750 ° C. in a N 2 atmosphere at 750 ° C. Sinter for 90 minutes, sample 1
~ 22 sintered friction materials were produced.
【００１８】[0018]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１９】各焼結摩擦材について、JASO C406-82 乗
用車用ブレーキ装置ダイナモメータ試験方法に従い鳴き
試験を行った。試験条件を表２に示す。摩耗量は鳴き試
験前後の摩擦材の摩耗量について測定した。表３に鳴き
試験時の摩擦係数の範囲と鳴き発生率（鳴きが発生した
回数÷全制動回数）および摩擦材摩耗量を示す。なお、
表１，３において、試料１〜１２が実施例で、試料１３
〜２２が比較例である。すなわち、表中の「分類」にお
ける「実」は実施例を、「比」は比較例を示している。Each of the sintered friction materials was subjected to a squeal test according to the JASO C406-82 passenger car brake device dynamometer test method. Table 2 shows the test conditions. The amount of wear was measured for the amount of wear of the friction material before and after the squeal test. Table 3 shows the range of the friction coefficient during the squeal test, the squeal occurrence rate (the number of squeal occurrences / the total number of brakes), and the friction material wear amount. In addition,
In Tables 1 and 3, samples 1 to 12 are examples and sample 13
To 22 are comparative examples. That is, “real” in “classification” in the table indicates an example, and “ratio” indicates a comparative example.
【００２０】[0020]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２１】[0021]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２２】表３を見ると、試料１〜１２は銅と錫とニ
ッケルとアルミニウムとをマトリックスとしたもので、
いずれも摩擦係数が高く、摩擦材の摩耗量も少ない。ま
た、鳴き発生率も１％以下であり、摩擦材として十分な
鳴き特性を具えていることもわかる。Referring to Table 3, Samples 1 to 12 have a matrix of copper, tin, nickel and aluminum.
In each case, the friction coefficient is high and the amount of wear of the friction material is small. In addition, the squealing rate is 1% or less, which indicates that the squealing property is sufficient as a friction material.
【００２３】これに対して、試料１３〜２２は同じく銅
と錫とニッケルとアルミニウムとをマトリックスとした
ものであるが、以下に述べるように、摩擦材として不十
分な点がみられた。On the other hand, Samples 13 to 22 similarly used copper, tin, nickel, and aluminum as matrices, but as described below, exhibited insufficient friction materials.
【００２４】試料１３は酸化マグネシウムの比率が各実
施例に比べて少なく、鳴き特性向上が不十分であった。
試料１４は酸化マグネシウムの比率が多く、マトリック
スの焼結が阻害され、材料強度が低下し、摩擦材の摩耗
量が多かった。In Sample 13, the ratio of magnesium oxide was lower than in each of the examples, and the improvement of the squealing characteristics was insufficient.
In Sample 14, the ratio of magnesium oxide was large, the sintering of the matrix was inhibited, the material strength was reduced, and the amount of wear of the friction material was large.
【００２５】試料１５は黒鉛の比率が各実施例に比べて
少なく摩擦材の摩耗量が多かった。試料１６は逆に黒鉛
の比率が多く、材料強度が著しく低下し、摩擦材の摩耗
量が多かった。In Sample 15, the proportion of graphite was smaller than in each of the examples, and the amount of wear of the friction material was larger. On the contrary, in Sample 16, the ratio of graphite was large, the material strength was significantly reduced, and the amount of wear of the friction material was large.
【００２６】試料１７はチタン酸カリウムの比率が各実
施例に比べて少ないため材料強度が低下し、摩擦材の摩
耗量が多かった。試料１８はチタン酸カリウムの比率が
実施例よりも多く、材料強度が低下して摩擦材の摩耗量
が増加した。In Sample 17, since the ratio of potassium titanate was smaller than in each of the examples, the material strength was reduced, and the amount of wear of the friction material was large. In Sample 18, the ratio of potassium titanate was higher than that in the Example, and the material strength was reduced and the wear amount of the friction material was increased.
【００２７】試料１９は酸化マグネシウムの粒径が実施
例よりも小さく、マトリックスの焼結が阻害されて材料
強度が低下し、摩擦材の摩耗量が多かった。試料２０は
酸化マグネシウムの粒径が実施例よりも大きく、鳴き特
性向上が不十分であった。In sample 19, the particle size of magnesium oxide was smaller than that of the example, sintering of the matrix was inhibited, the material strength was reduced, and the amount of wear of the friction material was large. In sample 20, the particle size of magnesium oxide was larger than that of the example, and the squealing property was insufficiently improved.
【００２８】試料２１は黒鉛の粒径が実施例よりも小さ
く、マトリックスの焼結が阻害され、材料強度が低下し
て摩擦材の摩耗量が悪化した。試料２２は黒鉛の粒径が
実施例よりも大きく、黒鉛の偏析が顕著となって均一な
分散状態が確保できず、材料強度が低下し、摩擦材の摩
耗量も増加した。In Sample 21, the graphite particle size was smaller than that of the Example, the sintering of the matrix was inhibited, the material strength was reduced, and the wear amount of the friction material was deteriorated. In Sample 22, the particle size of graphite was larger than that of Example, and the segregation of graphite was remarkable, so that a uniform dispersion state could not be secured, the material strength was reduced, and the wear amount of the friction material was increased.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明焼結摩擦材
は、銅系金属をマトリックスとし、酸化マグネシウム，
黒鉛，チタン酸カリウムを所定の割合で配合することに
より高い摩擦係数の発現と鳴き特性とを両立することが
できる。従って、本発明焼結摩擦材を自動車，鉄道車
両，航空機，産業機械などの制動装置におけるブレーキ
ライニング，ディスクパッド，クラッチフェーシング等
に利用すると効果的である。As described above, the sintered friction material of the present invention uses a copper-based metal as a matrix,
By mixing graphite and potassium titanate in a predetermined ratio, it is possible to achieve both a high friction coefficient and squealing characteristics. Therefore, it is effective to use the sintered friction material of the present invention for a brake lining, a disk pad, a clutch facing and the like in a braking device of an automobile, a railway vehicle, an aircraft, an industrial machine, or the like.
Claims (3)
材として酸化マグネシウム，黒鉛およびチタン酸カリウ
ムを含むことを特徴とする焼結摩擦材。1. A sintered friction material comprising a copper-based metal as a matrix and magnesium oxide, graphite and potassium titanate as friction modifiers.
％，黒鉛が体積比率で１０〜５０％，チタン酸カリウム
が体積比率で５〜３０％の割合で配合されていることを
特徴とする請求項１記載の焼結摩擦材。2. Magnesium oxide in a volume ratio of 1 to 15
2. The sintered friction material according to claim 1, wherein the content of graphite is 10 to 50% by volume, and the content of potassium titanate is 5 to 30% by volume.
状，板状，球状の少なくとも１種類であることを特徴と
する請求項１または２記載の焼結摩擦材。3. The sintered friction material according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the potassium titanate is at least one of a whisker shape, a plate shape, and a spherical shape.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33633497A JPH11152538A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1997-11-19 | Sintered friction material |
| US09/144,113 US6004370A (en) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-08-31 | Sintered friction material |
| CA002246311A CA2246311A1 (en) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-09-02 | Sintered friction material |
| EP98307027A EP0900949A1 (en) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-09-02 | Sintered friction material |
| KR1019980036177A KR19990029472A (en) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-09-03 | Sintered Friction Material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33633497A JPH11152538A (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1997-11-19 | Sintered friction material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11152538A true JPH11152538A (en) | 1999-06-08 |
Family
ID=18298055
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33633497A Pending JPH11152538A (en) | 1997-09-04 | 1997-11-19 | Sintered friction material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH11152538A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016190403A1 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-01 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Sintered friction material for high speed railway vehicles and method for manufacturing same |
-
1997
- 1997-11-19 JP JP33633497A patent/JPH11152538A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016190403A1 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-01 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Sintered friction material for high speed railway vehicles and method for manufacturing same |
| CN107614720A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2018-01-19 | 曙制动器工业株式会社 | High-speed railway vehicle sintered friction material and its manufacture method |
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