JPH1089235A - Pitch angle control device for blade for windmill for wind force generation - Google Patents
Pitch angle control device for blade for windmill for wind force generationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1089235A JPH1089235A JP8226853A JP22685396A JPH1089235A JP H1089235 A JPH1089235 A JP H1089235A JP 8226853 A JP8226853 A JP 8226853A JP 22685396 A JP22685396 A JP 22685396A JP H1089235 A JPH1089235 A JP H1089235A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- shaft
- head
- tower
- pitch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、風力発電用風車に
関し、特に回転する風車に於ける各ブレ−ドのピッチ角
制御装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind turbine for wind power generation, and more particularly to a device for controlling a pitch angle of each blade in a rotating wind turbine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】大型風車を安全に運転するためには、風
速の変動に合わせてブレ−ドのピッチ角制御を行う必要
がある。ピッチ角の制御には、油圧を用いる方法および
電気的にパワ−シリンダを用いる方法等がしられてい
る。風車のピッチ角制御装置に要求される性能として次
の事項が要求される（１９９０年３月２５日株式会社パ
ワ−社発行、清水幸丸著「風力発電技術」による）。 （１）装置が軽量かつシンプルであること、（２）長期
間無人運転を行っても故障を生じないこと、（３）ピッ
チ角制御のために消費するパワ−が小さいこと、（４）
風速変動、負荷変動に対して、回転数が規定値内に制御
されること。2. Description of the Related Art In order to operate a large wind turbine safely, it is necessary to control the pitch angle of a blade in accordance with fluctuations in wind speed. For controlling the pitch angle, a method using a hydraulic pressure and a method using an electric power cylinder are used. The following are required as the performance required for the pitch angle control device of the windmill (based on "Wind power generation technology", published by Power Corporation on March 25, 1990, written by Komaru Shimizu). (1) The device is lightweight and simple, (2) No failure occurs even after long-term unmanned operation, (3) The power consumed for pitch angle control is small, (4)
The number of revolutions must be controlled within specified values for wind speed fluctuations and load fluctuations.
【０００３】しかし従来の風車はこれらの諸事項を完全
にカバ−するには程遠く、機構的に複雑で高価なものと
なっていた。そこで、本出願人は先に装置がシンプル
で、長期の運転に耐え、特にピッチ角制御のためのパワ
−を必要とせず、自動調節可能な風力発電用風車を特開
平７−９１３５９号（先発明Ａという）で開示した。そ
して、この先発明Ａをさらに改良したものを特開平８−
９３６３０号（以下先発明Ｂという）で開示した。これ
について図４〜図６を参照して説明する。However, the conventional wind turbine is far from completely covering these matters, and is mechanically complicated and expensive. Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has disclosed a wind turbine for wind power generation which has a simple apparatus, can withstand long-term operation, and does not require power for controlling the pitch angle, and which can be automatically adjusted, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-91359. Invention A). Further, a further improvement of the preceding invention A is disclosed in
No. 93630 (hereinafter referred to as Prior Invention B). This will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００４】図４は先発明Ｂに係る発電用風車装置の全
体正面図、図５は同じく右側面図である。図４及び図５
で、１は羽根で、図の例では円周等配された３枚羽根で
構成される。３枚の羽根は中心部のハブケ−ス８に設け
られている。１３はハブケ−ス８と同心のパイプで、こ
の後部に方向舵１４が取付けられている。１５は羽根１
を支える鉄塔で、この頂部で塔部ヘッド１６ｂにより風
車は水平かつ回転可能に支持されている。鉄塔１５の下
端は基台１６上で起伏軸１６ａより起伏可能に取付けら
れ、風車の羽根１の点検修理時にこゝで横に折曲げて風
車の羽根１を地表近くまで下げることができる。FIG. 4 is an overall front view of a wind turbine device for power generation according to the invention B, and FIG. 5 is a right side view thereof. 4 and 5
Reference numeral 1 denotes a blade, and in the example shown in the figure, the blade is constituted by three blades arranged at equal intervals. The three blades are provided on a hub case 8 at the center. Reference numeral 13 denotes a pipe concentric with the hub case 8, and a rudder 14 is attached to a rear portion thereof. 15 is the feather 1
The windmill is horizontally and rotatably supported by the tower head 16b at the top. The lower end of the steel tower 15 is mounted on the base 16 so as to be able to undulate from the undulating shaft 16a, and when inspecting and repairing the blade 1 of the wind turbine, it can be bent sideways with the knives to lower the blade 1 of the wind turbine to near the ground surface.
【０００５】鉄塔１５内には動力軸１７と羽根ピッチ変
換用ロッド１８が設けられ、後述する機構で、台風等の
非常時に羽根のピッチを手動又は自動で、しかも地上で
変更できるよう構成されている。１８ａは手動ハンドル
で、これを回転することによってピッチの変更がなされ
る。基台１６は中空で、この中に発電機その他の機械設
備を設置できる。１９は鉄塔起伏用レバ−で、基台１６
内に設けた油圧シリンダ２０の伸縮によりレバ−１９を
介し鉄塔１５を起伏軸１６ａのまわりに起伏させること
ができる。[0005] A power shaft 17 and a blade pitch conversion rod 18 are provided in the steel tower 15, and are configured so that the pitch of the blades can be manually or automatically changed on the ground in an emergency such as a typhoon by a mechanism described later. I have. Reference numeral 18a is a manual handle, and the pitch is changed by rotating the handle. The base 16 is hollow, in which a generator and other mechanical equipment can be installed. Reference numeral 19 denotes a lever for raising and lowering a steel tower.
The steel tower 15 can be raised and lowered around the raising and lowering shaft 16a via the lever 19 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 20 provided therein.
【０００６】図６は鉄塔１５の頂部詳細断面図である。
風車の羽根１の回転によって発生した動力はハブケ−ス
８を介し、ハブケ−ス８と連結されたヘッド軸２１に伝
わり、ヘッド軸２１の他端で鉄塔１５の塔部ヘッド１６
ｂ内に設けたギヤケ−ス２４に組込まれた傘歯車２２、
同じくこれと噛合う傘歯車２３で９０°方向を変えられ
て、鉄塔１５内の動力軸１７に伝達される。そして、基
台１６内に設けた発電機に伝達される。２５は方向舵取
付部である。ギヤケ−ス２４は鉄塔上部に固定されてい
るが、ヘッド軸２１の基部に取付けたヘッドボス２６と
方向舵取付部２５の設けられたヘッドボス２７はそれぞ
れ、ギヤケ−ス２４に軸受２８と軸受２９で水平回転可
能に支持されている。ヘッドボス２６と２７はカバ−３
０で上部を覆われている。FIG. 6 is a detailed sectional view of the top of the tower 15.
The power generated by the rotation of the blades 1 of the wind turbine is transmitted to the head shaft 21 connected to the hub case 8 via the hub case 8, and the other end of the head shaft 21 forms the tower head 16 of the steel tower 15.
b, a bevel gear 22 incorporated in a gear case 24 provided in
Similarly, the direction is changed by 90 ° by a bevel gear 23 meshing with this, and transmitted to the power shaft 17 in the steel tower 15. Then, the power is transmitted to the generator provided in the base 16. 25 is a rudder mounting part. The gear case 24 is fixed to the upper part of the tower, but the head boss 26 attached to the base of the head shaft 21 and the head boss 27 provided with the rudder attachment portion 25 are horizontally mounted on the gear case 24 by bearings 28 and 29, respectively. It is rotatably supported. Head bosses 26 and 27 are covered
The top is covered with 0.
【０００７】さて、ヘッド軸２１はその基部で前記ヘッ
ドボス２６にねじ３１によって固着されたケ−シング３
２内に軸受３３で回転可能に支持されている。３４はケ
−シング３２のカバ−である。The head shaft 21 has a casing 3 fixed at its base to the head boss 26 by screws 31.
2 is rotatably supported by a bearing 33. 34 is a cover of the casing 32.
【０００８】ヘッド軸２１の中心にはピッチ変更用の芯
軸３５が水平方向に摺動可能に挿入されている。芯軸３
５の一端風車側には芯軸３５の横方向運動をこれと直交
する羽根軸２の軸方向運動に変換する機構を構成する円
錐体３６が軸受３７を介し回転可能に取付けられてい
る。３８は抜け止め用のねじである。円錐体３６の円錐
部には球状頭部３９を備えた軸４０が常時接している。
軸４０は細径ねじ部５と一体に構成されている。軸４０
には傘歯車４１が取付けられている。３枚の羽根の場合
は３個の傘歯車４１は共通の傘歯車４２と噛み合ってい
る。傘歯車４２はハブケ−ス８のカバ−８ａに固着され
たギヤブロック４３に軸受を介し回転可能に取付けられ
ている。ギヤブロック４３にハブケ−ス内の圧力調整用
のピストン４４が嵌挿されている。このピストン４４が
出入りすることにより軸４０の出入りにより発生するハ
ブケ−ス８内の容積変化による内圧の変化を調整してい
る。At the center of the head shaft 21, a core shaft 35 for changing the pitch is inserted slidably in the horizontal direction. Core shaft 3
A conical body 36 that constitutes a mechanism for converting the lateral movement of the core shaft 35 into the axial movement of the blade shaft 2 orthogonal to the core shaft 35 is rotatably mounted on one end of the wind turbine 5 via a bearing 37. 38 is a screw for retaining. A shaft 40 having a spherical head 39 is always in contact with the conical portion of the cone 36.
The shaft 40 is formed integrally with the small diameter screw portion 5. Axis 40
Is fitted with a bevel gear 41. In the case of three blades, three bevel gears 41 mesh with a common bevel gear 42. The bevel gear 42 is rotatably mounted on a gear block 43 fixed to a cover 8a of the hub case 8 via a bearing. A piston 44 for adjusting the pressure in the hub case is fitted into the gear block 43. When the piston 44 moves in and out, a change in the internal pressure due to a change in the volume in the hub case 8 caused by the movement of the shaft 40 is adjusted.
【０００９】芯軸３５の他端は鉄塔１５の上端に固設し
たギヤケ−ス２４の中央部に設けた歯車軸４５に上下方
向に摺動可能に設けた円錐体４６の円錐面と接してい
る。歯車軸４５は下部のギヤケ−ス２４と上部のカバ−
３０との間にナットで締付けられている。２４ａは歯車
軸４５の下部に設けた軸受で、これにより歯車軸４５
（カバ−３０と一体に締付けられている）がギヤケ−ス
２４に対し相対回転可能となっている。羽根ピッチ変換
用ロッド１８は歯車軸４５内に上下動可能に取付けら
れ、該ロッド１８の上端にロッド１８の縦方向運動を芯
軸３５の横方向運動に変換する機構を構成する円錐体４
６と係合するコッタ−ピン４９が固定されている。羽根
ピッチ変換用ロッド１８を下に引くと、コッタ−ピン４
９を介し円錐体４６が下に引かれる。するとこれの円錐
面と接する芯軸３５が右方に押される。すると芯軸の右
端に取付けた円錐体３６が右に押されるので、ばね９に
抗して軸４０が下に押されて羽根軸２を押し、雌ねじブ
ロック６が回転して、ピッチが変更される。逆にロッド
１８を押し上げると、芯軸３５は左方に押し戻される。The other end of the core shaft 35 is in contact with a conical surface of a cone 46 slidably provided in a vertical direction on a gear shaft 45 provided at the center of the gear case 24 fixedly provided at the upper end of the steel tower 15. I have. The gear shaft 45 includes a lower gear case 24 and an upper cover.
30 and a nut. Reference numeral 24a denotes a bearing provided below the gear shaft 45.
(Fastened integrally with the cover 30) is rotatable relative to the gear case 24. The blade pitch changing rod 18 is vertically movably mounted in a gear shaft 45, and is provided at the upper end of the rod 18 as a mechanism for converting a longitudinal movement of the rod 18 into a lateral movement of the core shaft 35.
A cotter pin 49 that engages with 6 is fixed. When the blade pitch conversion rod 18 is pulled downward, the cotter pin 4
Via 9 the cone 46 is pulled down. Then, the core shaft 35 in contact with the conical surface is pushed rightward. Then, the cone 36 attached to the right end of the core shaft is pushed to the right, so that the shaft 40 is pushed downward against the spring 9 to push the blade shaft 2, and the female screw block 6 is rotated to change the pitch. You. Conversely, when the rod 18 is pushed up, the core shaft 35 is pushed back to the left.
【００１０】このような構成であるので、羽根軸２の基
部で自動的にピッチ角を制御できるが、さらに風車を支
持している柱（鉄塔）の下部でも手動ハンドル１８ａ
で、翼のピッチをより大きく変換可能である。このよう
に微小ピッチの変換は自動で、又大巾なピッチの変換は
地上での操作で可能な風力発電装置を提供することがで
きた。With such a configuration, the pitch angle can be automatically controlled at the base of the blade shaft 2, but also at the lower part of a column (pylon) supporting the windmill, a manual handle 18a is provided.
Thus, the wing pitch can be changed to a larger extent. As described above, it was possible to provide a wind power generator capable of automatically converting a small pitch and converting a large pitch by operation on the ground.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記先発明Ｂ
が大巾なピッチの変換を地上で操作するのに、手動ハン
ドル１８ａと羽根ピッチ変換用ロッド１８とその上部の
円錐体４６によって行っていたが、これを遠隔油圧操作
機構に変えて、より操作の容易性、遠隔操作性を向上さ
せることを課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the above prior art B
Used the manual handle 18a, the blade pitch conversion rod 18 and the cone 46 on the upper part thereof to operate a large pitch conversion on the ground. It is an object of the present invention to improve the ease of operation and remote operability.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】鉄塔１５と、該鉄塔上の
塔部ヘッド１６ｂに水平支持され、複数の羽根１を備え
たハブケ−ス８を先端に取付けたヘッド軸２１と、塔部
ヘッド１６ｂに取付けられた方向舵１４とからなり、前
記羽根１は風速に応じてピッチを自動調整可能なピッチ
微小自動調整機構及び非常用ピッチ角制御機構とを有
し、前記非常用ピッチ角制御機構は、鉄塔１５の基部に
設けた油圧源と鉄塔１５内の配管６１を介し接続され、
頭部ヘッド１６ｂへの方向舵取付部に取付けられた油圧
シリンダ５０と、該油圧シリンダ５０内のピストンロッ
ド５１と連結された芯軸３５と、該芯軸３５の横方向運
動をこれと直交する羽根軸２の軸方向に変換する機構３
６，３９，４０，４１，４２とからなる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A tower 15, a head shaft 21 horizontally supported by a tower head 16b on the tower and having a hub case 8 having a plurality of blades 1 mounted at the tip thereof, a tower head. 16b, the rudder 14 has a pitch fine automatic adjustment mechanism capable of automatically adjusting the pitch according to the wind speed and an emergency pitch angle control mechanism, and the emergency pitch angle control mechanism includes: Is connected to a hydraulic pressure source provided at the base of the tower 15 through a pipe 61 in the tower 15,
A hydraulic cylinder 50 attached to a rudder attachment portion to the head head 16b, a core shaft 35 connected to a piston rod 51 in the hydraulic cylinder 50, and a blade for orthogonally moving the core shaft 35 in a transverse direction. Mechanism 3 for converting in the axial direction of shaft 2
6, 39, 40, 41, and 42.
【００１３】ピッチ微調整機構は、一端に羽根１を固着
するフランジ部３を中間部に雄ねじ部４をそして他端に
細径ねじ部５を具えた羽根軸２と、羽根軸２の雄ねじ部
４と螺合する雌ねじ部６ａを備えた雌ねじブロック６
と、雌ねじブロック６を保持する複数の支持筒７をそな
えたハブケ−ス８と、雌ねじブロック６と支持筒７との
間に介在させたばね９と、該ばね９を押圧保持するスプ
リング受１０及びスラスト軸受１１と、該スプリング受
１０及びスラスト軸受１１を保持する為の前記羽根軸２
の細径ねじ部５と螺合するナット１２とからなり、羽根
１の受ける遠心力に応じて前記雌ねじブロック６の雌ね
じ部６ａに対し雄ねじ部４を介し羽根軸２を回動させ羽
根１のピッチ角を微調整するようにした。The fine pitch adjusting mechanism comprises a blade shaft 2 having a flange 3 for fixing the blade 1 at one end and a male screw 4 at the middle and a small diameter screw 5 at the other end, and a male screw of the blade shaft 2. Female screw block 6 having female screw portion 6a screwed with screw 4
A hub case 8 having a plurality of support cylinders 7 for holding the female screw block 6, a spring 9 interposed between the female screw block 6 and the support cylinder 7, a spring receiver 10 for pressing and holding the spring 9, and A thrust bearing 11 and the blade shaft 2 for holding the spring receiver 10 and the thrust bearing 11
The nut 12 is screwed with the small diameter screw portion 5 of the blade 1, and the blade shaft 2 is rotated via the male screw portion 4 with respect to the female screw portion 6a of the female screw block 6 in accordance with the centrifugal force received by the blade 1 so that the blade 1 Fine adjustment of pitch angle.
【００１４】そして芯軸３５の横方向運動を羽根軸２の
軸方向運動に変換する機構が、前記芯軸３５の端に回転
可能に取付けた円錐体３６の円錐面に常時羽根軸２と一
体の軸４０の端を接触させ、かつ軸４０に取付けた傘歯
車４１をこれと直交する歯車軸を有する傘歯車４２と噛
合せた。又方向舵１４が方向舵取付パイプ１３に対し平
面視で７〜８°横方向に傾け、常に羽根が風と正対する
ようにした。A mechanism for converting the lateral movement of the core shaft 35 into the axial movement of the blade shaft 2 is always integrated with the blade shaft 2 on the conical surface of a cone 36 rotatably attached to the end of the core shaft 35. And the bevel gear 41 attached to the shaft 40 was engaged with a bevel gear 42 having a gear shaft orthogonal thereto. Further, the rudder 14 was inclined laterally by 7 to 8 degrees with respect to the rudder mounting pipe 13 in plan view so that the blades always face the wind.
【００１５】（作用）羽根の受ける遠心力による引張作
用により、ねじ機構が回転し、羽根のピッチが自動的に
微調整される。又、台風等の非常時には、地上の操作で
油圧シリンダ５０に油圧を送り、ピストンロッド５１を
押出すことにより芯軸３５を外に押圧する。すると、芯
軸の横方向運動がさらにこれと直交する羽根軸方向の運
動に変換され羽根軸２を回転させて羽根ピッチを大巾に
変換することができる。さらに方向舵１４を平面視で７
〜８°横方向に傾けたので、羽根１による回転力伝達用
の傘歯車機構による反らし作用を矯正し、羽根１を常に
風に正対させることができる。(Operation) The centrifugal force exerted on the blade causes the screw mechanism to rotate, and the pitch of the blade is automatically finely adjusted. In an emergency such as a typhoon, the hydraulic pressure is sent to the hydraulic cylinder 50 by an operation on the ground, and the core shaft 35 is pushed outward by pushing out the piston rod 51. Then, the lateral movement of the core shaft is further converted to the movement in the blade axis direction orthogonal to the core shaft, and the blade shaft 2 is rotated to convert the blade pitch to a large width. Further, the rudder 14 is moved 7
Since it is inclined by about 8 ° in the lateral direction, the buckling action of the bevel gear mechanism for transmitting the rotational force by the blade 1 can be corrected, and the blade 1 can always face the wind.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下図１〜図３に基いて説明す
る。なお図中の符号で、図４〜図６と共通する部分は同
一の符号で説明する。図１は鉄塔１５頂部の詳細断面図
（先発明Ｂの図６に相当する図）である。風車の羽根１
の回転によって発生した動力はハブケ−ス８を介し、ハ
ブケ−ス８と連結されたヘッド軸２１に伝わり、ヘッド
軸２１の他端で鉄塔１５の塔部ヘッド１６ｂ内に設けた
ギヤケ−ス２４に組込まれた傘歯車２２、同じくこれと
噛合う傘歯車２３で９０°方向を変えられて、鉄塔１５
内の動力軸１７に伝達される点は先発明Ｂと同じであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A description will be given below with reference to FIGS. Note that the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 4 to 6 denote the same reference numerals in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the top of the steel tower 15 (a view corresponding to FIG. 6 of the invention B). Windmill blade 1
The power generated by the rotation of the head shaft is transmitted to the head shaft 21 connected to the hub case 8 via the hub case 8, and the gear case 24 provided in the tower head 16b of the tower 15 at the other end of the head shaft 21. The bevel gear 22 incorporated in the tower and the bevel gear 23 meshing therewith can change the direction by 90 °, and
The point transmitted to the power shaft 17 is the same as in the preceding invention B.
【００１７】芯軸３５は鉄塔１５の上端に固設したギヤ
ケ−ス２４の中央部に設けた歯車軸４５を貫通してお
り、端部で油圧シリンダ５０のピストンロッド５１と接
続ねじ５２で連結されている。ピストンロッド５１には
ピストン５３とブッシュ５４間にコイルスプリング５５
が装着され、これによって芯軸３５を常時戻り側（図２
の左側）に付勢している。The core shaft 35 penetrates a gear shaft 45 provided at the center of the gear case 24 fixed to the upper end of the steel tower 15, and is connected to the piston rod 51 of the hydraulic cylinder 50 at the end by a connecting screw 52. Have been. The piston rod 51 has a coil spring 55 between the piston 53 and the bush 54.
Is attached, whereby the core shaft 35 is constantly returned to the return side (FIG. 2).
To the left).
【００１８】図２を参照するに、方向舵１４はその基部
に設けた方向舵取付用フランジ５６でヘッドボス２７に
固着される。方向舵取付用フランジ５６には油圧シリン
ダ取付用中間フランジ５７が設けられ、これに油圧シリ
ンダ５０に設けたフランジ５８がボルト５９で取付けら
れる。Referring to FIG. 2, the rudder 14 is fixed to the head boss 27 by a rudder mounting flange 56 provided at its base. The rudder mounting flange 56 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder mounting intermediate flange 57, to which the flange 58 provided on the hydraulic cylinder 50 is mounted with bolts 59.
【００１９】油圧シリンダ５０には油管６０が取付けら
れ、この油管６０は油圧シリンダ取付用中間フランジ５
７を貫通し、前記歯車軸４５内の油路を経て鉄塔１５内
の内側部に沿って配管６１を介し、鉄塔基部の油圧ポン
プ(図示しない)に接続されている。An oil pipe 60 is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder 50, and the oil pipe 60 is connected to the intermediate flange 5 for mounting the hydraulic cylinder.
7, and is connected to a hydraulic pump (not shown) at the base of the tower via a pipe 61 along an inner portion in the tower 15 via an oil passage in the gear shaft 45.
【００２０】図３で方向舵１４は方向舵取付用フランジ
５６でヘッドボス２７に取り付けられる。方向舵１４は
先発明Ｂにおいては、支持パイプ１３と整合した（平面
視で同心）状態で方向舵が取り付けられていた。しかし
本発明では、図３に示す如く、支持パイプ１３に対し平
面視で７〜８°水平横方向に偏って取付けられている。
これは羽根１が風圧を受けて回転し、この回転がハブケ
−ス８からヘッド軸２１を経て傘歯車２２，２３で動力
軸１７に伝へられるが、この時回転力で羽根１を回転方
向に回転させようとする力が作用する。この力のため、
方向舵１４の取付けられているパイプ１３と同心のヘッ
ド軸２１は風の方向に対し、略７〜８°傾いている。こ
の傾きにより、それだけ風のエネルギ取出し効率が下が
ることになる。これを避けるべく、予めその角度だけ反
回転方向に傾けておき、常に羽根１を風に対し正対させ
るようにしたのが、偏角θ＝７〜８°である。In FIG. 3, the rudder 14 is mounted on the head boss 27 by a rudder mounting flange 56. In the invention B, the rudder 14 is attached to the rudder 14 in a state of being aligned with the support pipe 13 (concentric in plan view). However, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, it is attached to the support pipe 13 so as to be deviated horizontally and horizontally by 7 to 8 degrees in plan view.
This is because the blade 1 rotates under the wind pressure, and this rotation is transmitted from the hub case 8 through the head shaft 21 to the power shaft 17 by the bevel gears 22 and 23. At this time, the rotating force causes the blade 1 to rotate in the rotational direction. The force which tries to rotate acts. Because of this power,
The head shaft 21 concentric with the pipe 13 to which the rudder 14 is attached is inclined at about 7 to 8 degrees with respect to the wind direction. Due to this inclination, the energy extraction efficiency of the wind is reduced accordingly. In order to avoid this, the inclination angle θ is 7 to 8 °, in which the blade 1 is tilted in the anti-rotation direction by that angle in advance and the blade 1 is always directly opposed to the wind.
【００２１】[0021]
（１）風力発電機の羽根軸を遠心力と関連させたので、
風車の回転によって生じる風速（遠心力）に応じ、適正
なピッチ角に制御することができる羽根と関連させ、塔
部ヘッド１６ｂに取付けた油圧シリンダ５０を作動させ
て芯軸３５を排出して羽根軸を回転させることができる
ようにしたので、台風等の非常時に大巾に迅速かつ正確
に羽根ピッチを制御できるようにしたので、安全であ
る。 （２）芯軸３５の横方向を羽根軸２の軸方向運動に変換
する機構において、軸に傘歯車４１を設け、これを直交
する傘歯車４２と噛合わせたので、複数の羽根の角度変
換を同調させることができる。 （３）方向舵１４を予め平面視で横方向に７〜８°反回
転方向に傾けたので羽根１による回転力伝達用の傘歯車
機構による作用を矯正し、羽根１を常に風に正対させる
ことができ、これにより一層の効率アップを可能とする
ことができる。(1) Since the blade axis of the wind generator was related to centrifugal force,
The hydraulic cylinder 50 attached to the tower head 16b is operated to discharge the core shaft 35 by associating the blade with a blade that can be controlled to an appropriate pitch angle according to the wind speed (centrifugal force) generated by the rotation of the windmill. Since the shaft can be rotated, the pitch of the blades can be controlled very quickly and accurately in an emergency such as a typhoon, so that it is safe. (2) In the mechanism for converting the lateral direction of the core shaft 35 into the axial movement of the blade shaft 2, the bevel gear 41 is provided on the shaft and meshed with the orthogonal bevel gear 42, so that the angle conversion of the plurality of blades is performed. Can be tuned. (3) Since the rudder 14 is previously tilted in the lateral direction by 7 to 8 degrees in the anti-rotation direction in a plan view, the action of the bevel gear mechanism for transmitting the rotational force by the blades 1 is corrected, and the blades 1 always face the wind. As a result, the efficiency can be further improved.
【図１】本発明のブレ−ドのビッチ角制御装置を示す。FIG. 1 shows a blade angle control device for a blade according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の要部拡大図。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
【図３】改良された方向舵の平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view of the improved rudder.
【図４】先発明Ｂの風車及びこれを支持する鉄塔を示
す。FIG. 4 shows a wind turbine of the invention B and a steel tower supporting the wind turbine.
【図５】図４の右側面図。FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 4;
【図６】鉄塔上部の詳細断面図。FIG. 6 is a detailed sectional view of an upper part of a steel tower.
１ 羽根 ２ 羽根軸 ３ フランジ部 ４ 雄ねじ部 ５ 細径ねじ部 ６ 雌ねじブロック 6a 雌ねじ部 ７ 支持筒 ８ ハブケ−ス ９ ばね 10 スプリング受 11 スラスト軸受 12 ナット 13 パイプ 14 方向舵 15 鉄塔 16 基台 16a 起伏軸 16b 塔部ヘッド 17 動力軸 18 羽根ピッチ変換用ロッド 18a 手動ハンドル 19 鉄塔起伏用レバ
− 20 油圧シリンダ 21 ヘッド軸 22，23 傘歯車 24 ギヤケ−ス 25 方向舵取付部 26，27 ヘッドボス 28，29 軸受 30 カバ− 31 ねじ 32 ケ−シング 33 軸受 34 カバ− 35 芯軸 36 円錐体 37 軸受 38 ねじ 39 球状頭部 40 軸 41 傘歯車 42 傘歯車 43 ギヤブロック 44 ピストン 45 歯車軸 46 円錐体 47 キャップ 48 縦軸 49 コッタ−ピン 50 油圧シリンダ 51 ピストンロッド 52 接続ねじ 53 ピストン 54 ブッシュ 55 コイルスプリング 56 方向舵フランジ 57 中間フランジ 58 フランジ 59 ボルト 60 油管DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blade 2 Blade shaft 3 Flange part 4 Male thread part 5 Small thread part 6 Female thread block 6a Female thread part 7 Support cylinder 8 Hub case 9 Spring 10 Spring receiver 11 Thrust bearing 12 Nut 13 Pipe 14 Rudder 15 Steel tower 16 Base 16a Undulation Shaft 16b Tower head 17 Power shaft 18 Blade pitch conversion rod 18a Manual handle 19 Steel tower hoisting lever 20 Hydraulic cylinder 21 Head shaft 22,23 Bevel gear 24 Gear case 25 Rudder mounting part 26,27 Head boss 28,29 Bearing 30 cover 31 screw 32 casing 33 bearing 34 cover 35 core shaft 36 cone 37 bearing 38 screw 39 spherical head 40 shaft 41 bevel gear 42 bevel gear 43 gear block 44 piston 45 gear shaft 46 cone 47 cap 48 Vertical axis 49 Cutter pin 50 Hydraulic cylinder 51 Piston rod 52 Connection screw 53 Piston 54 Bush 55 Coil spring 56 Rudder flange 57 Intermediate flange 58 Flange 59 Bolt 60 oil pipe
Claims (4)
b）に水平支持され、複数の羽根(１)を備えたハブケ−
ス(８)を先端に取付けたヘッド軸(21)と、塔部ヘッド(1
6b）に取付けられた方向舵(14)とからなり、前記羽根
(１)は風速に応じてピッチを自動調整可能なピッチ自動
調整機構及び非常用ピッチ角制御機構とを有し、前記非
常用ピッチ角制御機構は、鉄塔(15)の基部に設けた油圧
源と鉄塔(15)内の配管(61)を介し接続され、頭部ヘッド
(16b）への方向舵取付部に取付けられた油圧シリンダ(5
0)と、該油圧シリンダ(50)内のピストンロッド(51)と連
結された芯軸(35)と、該芯軸(35)の横方向運動をこれと
直交する羽根軸(２)の軸方向に変換する機構(36,39,40,
41,42)とからなる風力発電用風車に於けるブレ−ドのピ
ッチ角制御装置。A tower (15) and a tower head (16) on the tower.
b) A hub case horizontally supported by b) and provided with a plurality of blades (1).
Head (21) with the tip (8) attached to the tip, and the tower head (1
6b) the rudder (14) attached to the
(1) has an automatic pitch adjustment mechanism and an emergency pitch angle control mechanism that can automatically adjust the pitch according to the wind speed, and the emergency pitch angle control mechanism is a hydraulic power source provided at the base of the steel tower (15). To the steel tower (15) via a pipe (61)
(16b) Hydraulic cylinder (5
0), a core shaft (35) connected to a piston rod (51) in the hydraulic cylinder (50), and an axis of a blade shaft (2) orthogonal to the core shaft (35). Mechanism (36,39,40,
41, 42), a blade pitch angle control device for a wind turbine for wind power generation.
を固着するフランジ部(３)を中間部に雄ねじ部(４)をそ
して他端に細径ねじ部(５)を具えた羽根軸(２)と、羽根
軸(２)の雄ねじ部(４)と螺合する雌ねじ部(6a)を備えた
雌ねじブロック(６)と、雌ねじブロック(６)を保持する
複数の支持筒(７)をそなえたハブケ−ス(８)と、雌ねじ
ブロック(６)と支持筒(７)との間に介在させたばね(９)
と、該ばね(９)を押圧保持するスプリング受(10)及びス
ラスト軸受(11)と、該スプリング受(10)及びスラスト軸
受(11)を保持する為の前記羽根軸(２)の細径ねじ部(５)
と螺合するナット(12)とからなり、羽根(１)の受ける遠
心力に応じて前記雌ねじブロック(６)の雌ねじ部(6a)に
対し雄ねじ部(４)を介し羽根軸(２)を回動させ羽根(１)
のピッチ角を微調整するようにしたことを特徴とする請
求項１記載の風力発電用風車に於けるブレ−ドのピッチ
角制御装置。2. The automatic pitch adjusting mechanism has a blade (1) at one end.
A blade shaft (2) having a male screw portion (4) in the middle, a small-diameter screw portion (5) at the other end, and a male screw portion (4) of the blade shaft (2). A female screw block (6) having a female screw portion (6a) to be screwed with the hub case (8) having a plurality of support cylinders (7) for holding the female screw block (6); and a female screw block (6). Spring (9) interposed between the support tube (7)
A spring receiver (10) and a thrust bearing (11) for pressing and holding the spring (9); and a small diameter of the blade shaft (2) for holding the spring receiver (10) and the thrust bearing (11). Screw part (5)
And a nut (12) that is screwed together with the blade shaft (2) via a male screw portion (4) with respect to the female screw portion (6a) of the female screw block (6) according to the centrifugal force received by the blade (1). Rotate the blade (1)
2. The pitch control device for a blade in a wind turbine for wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein the pitch angle of the blade is finely adjusted.
運動に変換する機構が、前記芯軸(35)の端に回転可能に
取付けた円錐体(36)の円錐面に常時羽根軸(２)と一体の
軸(40)の端を接触させ、かつ軸(40)に取付けた傘歯車(4
1)をこれと直交する歯車軸を有する傘歯車(42)と噛合せ
たことを特徴とする請求項１記載の風力発電用風車に於
けるブレ−ドのピッチ角制御装置。3. A mechanism for converting the lateral movement of the core shaft (35) into the axial movement of the blade shaft is provided on a conical surface of a cone (36) rotatably mounted on an end of the core shaft (35). Bevel gear (4) attached to the shaft (40) by always contacting the end of the shaft (40) integral with the blade shaft (2)
2. A blade pitch control device for a wind turbine for wind power generation according to claim 1, wherein 1) is meshed with a bevel gear (42) having a gear shaft orthogonal thereto.
し予め平面視で７〜８°横方向に傾け、常に羽根が風向
きと正対するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１記載
の風力発電用風車に於けるブレ−ドのピッチ角制御装
置。4. The rudder according to claim 1, wherein the rudder is inclined in a lateral direction by 7 to 8 degrees in a plan view with respect to the rudder mounting pipe in advance so that the blade always faces the wind direction. Of a blade pitch angle in a wind turbine for wind power generation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8226853A JPH1089235A (en) | 1996-07-23 | 1996-08-28 | Pitch angle control device for blade for windmill for wind force generation |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19342696 | 1996-07-23 | ||
| JP8-193426 | 1996-07-23 | ||
| JP8226853A JPH1089235A (en) | 1996-07-23 | 1996-08-28 | Pitch angle control device for blade for windmill for wind force generation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1089235A true JPH1089235A (en) | 1998-04-07 |
Family
ID=26507876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8226853A Pending JPH1089235A (en) | 1996-07-23 | 1996-08-28 | Pitch angle control device for blade for windmill for wind force generation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1089235A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2194400A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-09 | Thales Nederland B.V. | A surveillance system comprising a radar antenna mounted on a blade of a windmill |
| CN106593805A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-04-26 | 张正泉 | Wind-power water pumping system |
-
1996
- 1996-08-28 JP JP8226853A patent/JPH1089235A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2194400A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-09 | Thales Nederland B.V. | A surveillance system comprising a radar antenna mounted on a blade of a windmill |
| WO2010063656A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | Thales Nederland B.V. | A surveillance system comprising a radar antenna mounted on a blade of a windmill |
| US8860601B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2014-10-14 | Thales Nederland B.V. | Surveillance system comprising a radar antenna mounted on a blade of a windmill |
| CN106593805A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-04-26 | 张正泉 | Wind-power water pumping system |
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