JPH1071478A - Friction agitation joining method - Google Patents
Friction agitation joining methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1071478A JPH1071478A JP22978696A JP22978696A JPH1071478A JP H1071478 A JPH1071478 A JP H1071478A JP 22978696 A JP22978696 A JP 22978696A JP 22978696 A JP22978696 A JP 22978696A JP H1071478 A JPH1071478 A JP H1071478A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- joining
- probe
- support
- depth
- joining member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、摩擦攪拌接合法
によって接合部材を接合する方法に関し、特に、厚さ方
向に重ね合わせた接合部材を、接合部材表面からプロー
ブを挿入して接合を施す方法であって、接合部位の深さ
が変化する場合に好適な摩擦攪拌接合法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for joining joining members by a friction stir welding method, and more particularly, to a method for joining joining members which are overlapped in a thickness direction by inserting a probe from the joining member surface. The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method suitable for a case where the depth of a welding portion changes.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】摩擦攪拌接合法としては以下に述べる方
法が例示できる。即ち、図２に示すように、径大の支持
体の端部の軸線上に径小のプローブが突出して一体に設
けられた接合装置を用い、前記接合装置を高速で回転さ
せつつ、厚さ方向に重ね合わせた２枚の接合部材の一方
の表面に前記プローブを突き立てて、接合部位に達する
まで前記プローブを挿入し、前記プローブと接合部材と
の間に発生する摩擦熱によって、プローブ挿入部分周辺
の接合部材を軟化させ、かつ、プローブの回転によって
軟化部分を攪拌し、軟化した接合部材を再び冷却固化す
ることで、接合部材を接合する方法である。また、前記
支持体は、プローブが接合部位に達した状態で支持体の
端面が接合部材の表面に当接または近接しており、摩擦
攪拌接合法においてプローブによって軟化した接合部材
が飛散するのを防止する働きを担うものである。2. Description of the Related Art The following method can be exemplified as a friction stir welding method. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, using a joining device in which a small-diameter probe protrudes on the axis of the end portion of the large-diameter support and integrally provided, and rotating the joining device at a high speed, The probe is pushed up on one surface of two joining members superimposed in the direction, and the probe is inserted until the joining portion is reached. Probe insertion is caused by frictional heat generated between the probe and the joining member. This is a method of joining the joining members by softening the joining member around the portion, stirring the softened portion by rotating the probe, and cooling and solidifying the softened joining member again. Further, in the support, the end surface of the support is in contact with or close to the surface of the joining member in a state where the probe reaches the joining portion, and the joining member softened by the probe in the friction stir welding method is scattered. It plays the role of prevention.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、前記摩擦攪
拌接合法では、従来、支持体とプローブとが一体に形成
され、支持体に対するプローブの突出長さを変えること
ができなかったため次のような欠点があった。即ち、図
３に示すような接合部位の深さが異なる接合部材に前記
接合法を適用しようとする場合、浅い接合部位に適した
プローブの突出長さで接合を行っていくと○印を付した
領域（ｄ）の接合部位は接合することが可能だが、×印
を付した領域（ｅ）の深い接合部位ではプローブが接合
部位に到達しないため接合することができなかった。However, in the friction stir welding method, the support and the probe are conventionally integrally formed, and the length of the probe with respect to the support cannot be changed. There were drawbacks. That is, in the case where the above-mentioned joining method is applied to joining members having different joining portions as shown in FIG. 3, a circle is marked when joining is performed with a protruding length of a probe suitable for a shallow joining portion. Although the junction in the region (d) can be joined, the probe could not reach the junction in the deep junction in the region (e) marked with x, so that the probe could not reach the junction.
【０００４】そこで、接合部位の深さが変化する部分
で、比較的長いプローブが設けられた接合装置に取り替
えて深い接合部位を接合する方法が提案されているが、
接合装置の取替えに手間がかかるため、生産性が悪くな
るばかりか、取替え部分で接合が不連続となるため、接
合部分にクラック等が発生したり、気密性に問題が生じ
る場合があった。さらに、この方法では、連続的に接合
部位の深さが変化する場合は対応できなかった。Therefore, there has been proposed a method of joining a deep joining portion by replacing the joining device provided with a relatively long probe at a portion where the depth of the joining portion changes.
Since the replacement of the joining device is troublesome, not only the productivity is deteriorated, but also the joining becomes discontinuous at the replaced portion, so that a crack or the like may be generated in the joined portion or a problem may occur in the airtightness. Furthermore, this method cannot cope with a case where the depth of the joining portion changes continuously.
【０００５】また、最も深い接合部位に対応する長さの
プローブを有する接合装置を用い、接合部位の深さに関
係なく一定の深さで接合する方法も提案されているが、
プローブを深く挿入した状態で接合部位全体を移動させ
なければならないため、プローブの移動速度を高めるこ
とができず生産性が悪くなるばかりか、接合部材の不必
要な部分までも軟化するため、強度的に問題が生じる場
合があった。[0005] Further, a method has been proposed in which a bonding apparatus having a probe having a length corresponding to the deepest bonding site is used to perform bonding at a constant depth irrespective of the depth of the bonding site.
Since the entire joint area must be moved with the probe inserted deeply, it is not possible to increase the moving speed of the probe, resulting in poor productivity. In some cases, problems occurred.
【０００６】この発明は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたも
のであり、接合部位の深さが異なる材料を接合する場合
でも、良好な生産性を維持しつつ連続的に接合すること
のできる摩擦攪拌接合法の提供を目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a friction stirrer capable of continuously joining while maintaining good productivity even when joining materials having different joining portions. The purpose is to provide a joining method.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明にかかる摩擦攪
拌接合法を図中の符号を参照しつつ説明すると、径大の
支持体（１２）と、該支持体（１２）の長さ方向の一端
面から軸線方向に突出する径小のプローブ（１１）とを
備えた接合装置（１）を用い、前記支持体（１２）の一
端面を接合部材（２）の表面に当接あるいは近接させる
とともに、高速で回転する前記プローブ（１１）を接合
部材（２）の接合部位に挿入し摩擦熱によって接合を行
う摩擦攪拌接合法において、前記プローブ（１）を前記
支持体（１２）の軸線方向に進退自在に構成するととも
に、変化する接合部位の深さに応じてプローブ（１１）
の支持体（１２）に対する突出量を変化させて接合部材
（２）を連続的に接合することを要旨とするものであ
る。The friction stir welding method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the reference numerals in the drawings. A support (12) having a large diameter and a longitudinal direction of the support (12) are described. Using a joining device (1) provided with a small-diameter probe (11) projecting in the axial direction from one end surface, one end surface of the support (12) is brought into contact with or close to the surface of the joining member (2). In addition, in the friction stir welding method in which the probe (11) rotating at a high speed is inserted into the joining portion of the joining member (2) and joining is performed by frictional heat, the probe (1) is moved in the axial direction of the support (12). The probe (11) is configured so as to be able to advance and retreat in accordance with the changing depth of the joint.
The gist of the present invention is to continuously join the joining member (2) by changing the amount of projection of the joining member (2) from the support (12).
【０００８】上記方法によれば、支持体（１２）の一端
面を接合部材（２）の表面に当接あるいは近接した状態
のまま、支持体（１２）の一端面に対するプローブ（１
１）の突出量を変化させ、接合部位の深さに対応してプ
ローブ（１１）を挿入または引き抜くことができるた
め、接合部位の深さが変化する部分でも連続的に接合部
材（２）を接合することができる。即ち、接合部位の深
さが変化する部分で接合装置（１）を取替える必要もな
く、また、最も深い接合部位に適した接合装置（１）を
用いて、一定の深さで接合部位全体を接合する必要もな
い。したがって、生産性を維持しつつ良好な接合を施す
ことができる。According to the above method, the probe (1) against the one end surface of the support (12) is maintained while the one end surface of the support (12) is in contact with or close to the surface of the joining member (2).
Since the probe (11) can be inserted or withdrawn in accordance with the depth of the joint portion by changing the amount of projection in 1), the joining member (2) can be continuously connected even in the portion where the depth of the joint portion changes. Can be joined. That is, there is no need to replace the joining device (1) in a portion where the depth of the joining portion changes, and the entire joining portion is fixed at a constant depth using the joining device (1) suitable for the deepest joining portion. No need to join. Therefore, good joining can be performed while maintaining productivity.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】つぎに、この発明の実施形態につ
いて、図１を参照しつつ説明する。Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
【００１０】この実施形態を実施するにあたり、用いら
れる接合装置（１）及び接合部材（２）について説明す
る。In carrying out this embodiment, a joining apparatus (1) and a joining member (2) used will be described.
【００１１】前記接合装置（１）は、径大の支持体（１
２）と該支持体（１２）の一端面に対して突出長さを連
続的に変化させることのできる径小のプローブ（１１）
よりなるものである。The joining device (1) includes a large-diameter support (1).
2) and a small-diameter probe (11) capable of continuously changing the protruding length with respect to one end face of the support (12).
Consisting of
【００１２】前記プローブ（１１）は、接合部材（２）
との摩擦熱によって接合部材（２）を軟化し、自らは固
体のまま移動しつつ軟化した接合部材（２）を攪拌する
ものである。したがって、その材質は、接合部材（２）
よりも融点が高く、また、硬度の高いものが好ましい。
この実施形態の場合、接合部材（２）がアルミニウム
（その合金も含む、以下同じ。）であるので、プローブ
（１１）の材質には、工具鋼を用いる。The probe (11) is a joining member (2)
This softens the joining member (2) due to the frictional heat generated by stirring, and agitates the softened joining member (2) while moving as a solid. Therefore, the material is the joining member (2)
Those having a higher melting point and higher hardness are preferable.
In the case of this embodiment, since the joining member (2) is aluminum (including its alloy, the same applies hereinafter), tool steel is used as the material of the probe (11).
【００１３】前記支持体（１２）は、接合部材（２）の
表面に当接され、回転しながら接合部材（２）の表面上
をプローブ（１１）とともに移動するものであり、プロ
ーブ（１１）の挿入部分から軟化した接合部材（２）が
飛散するのを防止するとともに要すれば接合部材を押圧
し、また、接合部材（２）中を移動するプローブ（１
１）が撓まないようにする役割を担うものである。した
がって、支持体（１２）を構成する材料はプローブ（１
１）に匹敵する融点及び硬度を備えた材質であることが
好ましい。また、その構造は、軸中心にプローブ（１
１）を挿通し得る孔を有した径大の円筒形状をなしてお
り、前記プローブ（１１）が支持体（１２）の軸線方向
に進退自在となされている。The support (12) is in contact with the surface of the joining member (2) and moves with the probe (11) on the surface of the joining member (2) while rotating. The probe (1) that prevents the softened joint member (2) from scattering from the insertion portion of the joint member, presses the joint member if necessary, and moves through the joint member (2)
1) plays a role in preventing bending. Therefore, the material constituting the support (12) is the probe (1).
It is preferable that the material has a melting point and hardness comparable to 1). The structure is such that the probe (1
The probe (11) has a large-diameter cylindrical shape having a hole through which the probe (1) can be inserted, and the probe (11) can freely advance and retreat in the axial direction of the support (12).
【００１４】前記接合部材（２）は、領域（ａ）（ｂ）
（ｃ）で接合部位の深さが変わるものとなされており、
その材質はアルミニウムである。The joining member (2) is divided into the regions (a) and (b)
In (c), the depth of the junction is changed,
Its material is aluminum.
【００１５】而して、この実施形態では上記構造の接合
装置（１）を用い、以下のように接合部材（２）を接合
する。In this embodiment, the joining device (1) having the above structure is used to join the joining members (2) as follows.
【００１６】一方の接合部材（２１）の表面に高速で回
転する支持体（１２）を当接させる。 次に、高速で回
転するプローブ（１１）を該表面に突き立て、接合部材
（２１）を軟化しつつ、プローブ（１１）を接合部材
（２１）に挿入して行き、他方の接合部材（２２）に到
達した時点で挿入を停止する。A support (12) rotating at a high speed is brought into contact with the surface of one joining member (21). Next, the probe (11) rotating at a high speed is pushed against the surface, and the probe (11) is inserted into the joining member (21) while softening the joining member (21). Stop the insertion when reaching ()).
【００１７】上記のように、支持体（１２）を回転させ
ることによって、接合部材（２）の表面に当接した状態
のままでもその移動を容易にすることができ、また、先
に支持体（１２）を接合部材（２）の表面に当接あるい
は近接することにより、軟化した接合部材（２）の飛散
を最初から防止することが可能となる。As described above, by rotating the support (12), the movement thereof can be facilitated even when the support (12) is in contact with the surface of the joining member (2). By bringing (12) into contact with or close to the surface of the joining member (2), it is possible to prevent the softened joining member (2) from scattering from the beginning.
【００１８】次に、挿入されたプローブ（１１）周辺の
接合部材（２）がある程度軟化されたのち、接合部位の
深さが一定の領域（ａ）を接合部位に沿って移動させ
る。Next, after the joining member (2) around the inserted probe (11) is softened to some extent, the region (a) where the depth of the joining portion is constant is moved along the joining portion.
【００１９】このように、プローブ（１１）を移動させ
ることで、プローブ（１１）の進行方向の前方にある軟
化した接合部材が、順次進行方向の後方に追いやられつ
つ攪拌され、プローブ（１１）から離れるにしたがって
自然に冷却固化され、接合部材（２１）（２２）が接合
される。As described above, by moving the probe (11), the softened joining member in front of the traveling direction of the probe (11) is stirred while being sequentially driven backward in the traveling direction. As it moves away from the substrate, it is naturally cooled and solidified, and the joining members (21) and (22) are joined.
【００２０】次に、接合部位の深さが連続的に変化する
領域（ｂ）では、プローブ（１１）の支持体（１２）に
対する突出量とプローブ（１１）の移動量を制御し、接
合部位の勾配に沿って移動させる。このようにすること
で、接合部位の深さが勾配を持つような場合でも連続的
に接合することが可能となる。Next, in the region (b) where the depth of the joining portion changes continuously, the amount of protrusion of the probe (11) with respect to the support (12) and the amount of movement of the probe (11) are controlled. Move along the gradient of. By doing so, it is possible to continuously join even when the depth of the joining portion has a gradient.
【００２１】次に、接合部位の深さが一定の領域（ｃ）
では、再びプローブ（１１）の突出量を一定にし、接合
部位に沿って移動させながら接合を行う。Next, a region (c) in which the depth of the junction is constant
Then, the probe (11) is again fixed in the amount of protrusion, and the joining is performed while moving along the joining portion.
【００２２】最後に、接合部位の終端部ではプローブ
（１１）を接合部材（２）表面から引き抜き接合を終了
させる。Finally, the probe (11) is pulled out from the surface of the joining member (2) at the end of the joining portion to complete the joining.
【００２３】以上の方法によって、接合部位の深さが変
化する場合でも、プローブ（１１）の支持体（１２）に
対する突出量と移動量を制御し、連続的に接合すること
が可能となる。According to the above-mentioned method, even when the depth of the joining portion changes, it is possible to control the protruding amount and the moving amount of the probe (11) with respect to the support (12) and to continuously join.
【００２４】なお、この発明は上記実施形態に限定され
る訳ではなく、特許請求の範囲の記載の範囲内で任意に
変更できる。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the claims.
【００２５】例えば、プローブ（１１）や支持体（１
２）を構成する材質は、高炭素鋼や高速度鋼、またセラ
ミクス等を用いることも可能である。For example, the probe (11) and the support (1)
High carbon steel, high speed steel, ceramics or the like can be used as the material constituting 2).
【００２６】また、前記支持体（１２）は、必ずしもプ
ローブ（１１）と同じ回転をする必要はない。例えば、
支持体（１２）を回転しない状態で使用してもかまわな
いし、また、プローブ（１１）とは別の駆動系に接続
し、プローブ（１１）とは異なる回転数や回転方向とし
ても良い。The support (12) does not necessarily have to rotate in the same manner as the probe (11). For example,
The support (12) may be used without rotating, or may be connected to a drive system different from the probe (11), so that the number of rotations and the direction of rotation are different from those of the probe (11).
【００２７】また、プローブ（１１）を長さ方向に加圧
して接合部材（２）の接合部位に挿入する場合を示した
が、接合部材（２）の端縁にプローブ（１１）の回転周
面を接触させるとともに、プローブ（１１）をその径方
向に加圧して、接合部材（２）の接合部位に挿入するも
のとしても良い。Also, the case where the probe (11) is pressed in the longitudinal direction and inserted into the joining portion of the joining member (2) has been described, but the rotating circumference of the probe (11) is attached to the edge of the joining member (2). The probe (11) may be pressed in the radial direction while being brought into contact with the surface, and inserted into the joint portion of the joint member (2).
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】この発明は、上述の次第で、支持体の一
端面に対するプローブの突出量、即ち、接合部材に対す
るプローブの挿入深さを任意に変更し、接合部位の深さ
に対応して摩擦攪拌接合を実施する方法である。したが
って、同一接合部材の中で接合部位の深さが変わる場合
でも、プローブの挿入深さと移動量を制御することによ
って接合部位に沿って連続的に摩擦攪拌接合を施すこと
ができ、不連続な接合によって発生するクラックや接合
強度の低下を抑制し得て、良好な接合強度を得ることが
できる。さらに、プローブの交換や必要以上にプローブ
を接合部材に深く挿入させる必要がないため、高い生産
性を維持することができる。According to the present invention, the amount of protrusion of the probe from one end surface of the support, that is, the insertion depth of the probe into the joining member is arbitrarily changed as described above, This is a method of performing friction stir welding. Therefore, even when the depth of the joining portion changes in the same joining member, the friction stir welding can be continuously performed along the joining portion by controlling the insertion depth and the moving amount of the probe, and the discontinuous Cracks generated by joining and a decrease in joining strength can be suppressed, and good joining strength can be obtained. Further, since there is no need to replace the probe or insert the probe deeper into the joining member than necessary, high productivity can be maintained.
【図１】 この発明にかかる実施形態を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
【図２】 従来の摩擦攪拌接合法を示す図であり、
（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のII−II線断面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a view showing a conventional friction stir welding method;
(A) is a perspective view, (B) is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of (A).
【図３】 従来例を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a conventional example.
１…接合装置 ２…接合部材 11…プローブ 12…支持体 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Joining apparatus 2 ... Joining member 11 ... Probe 12 ... Support
Claims (1)
２）の長さ方向の一端面から軸線方向に突出する径小の
プローブ（１１）とを備えた接合装置（１）を用い、前
記支持体（１２）の一端面を接合部材（２）の表面に当
接あるいは近接させるとともに、高速で回転する前記プ
ローブ（１１）を接合部材（２）の接合部位に挿入し摩
擦熱によって接合を行う摩擦攪拌接合法において、 前記プローブ（１１）を前記支持体（１２）の軸線方向
に進退自在に構成するとともに、変化する接合部位の深
さに応じてプローブ（１１）の支持体（１２）に対する
突出量を変化させて接合部材（２）を連続的に接合する
ことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合法。1. A large-diameter support (12) and said support (1)
2) Using a joining device (1) provided with a small-diameter probe (11) protruding in the axial direction from one end surface in the longitudinal direction, and joining one end surface of the support (12) to the joining member (2). In the friction stir welding method, in which the probe (11) rotating at a high speed is brought into contact with or close to a surface and is inserted into a joining portion of the joining member (2) to perform joining by friction heat, the probe (11) is supported by the support. The joint member (2) is configured to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction of the body (12), and to change the protruding amount of the probe (11) from the support (12) in accordance with the changing depth of the joint portion, thereby continuously connecting the joint member (2). Friction stir welding, characterized in that they are joined to each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22978696A JP3771972B2 (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Friction stir welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22978696A JP3771972B2 (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Friction stir welding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1071478A true JPH1071478A (en) | 1998-03-17 |
| JP3771972B2 JP3771972B2 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
Family
ID=16897658
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22978696A Expired - Fee Related JP3771972B2 (en) | 1996-08-30 | 1996-08-30 | Friction stir welding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3771972B2 (en) |
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| US6247633B1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-06-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Fabricating low distortion lap weld construction |
| US6352193B1 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2002-03-05 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for joining electrically conductive materials |
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| JP2015139800A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2015-08-03 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Production method of heat transfer plate and friction stir welding method |
| CN105880826A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 江西理工大学 | Thick-plate FSW (friction stir welding) method capable of avoiding bottom defects and improving joint performance |
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| RU186699U1 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-01-29 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Дальневосточный федеральный университет" (ДВФУ) | Stir friction welding tool |
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1996
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