JPH10332687A - Method and device for capturing specific substance contained in liquid and method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the method - Google Patents

Method and device for capturing specific substance contained in liquid and method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the method

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Publication number
JPH10332687A
JPH10332687A JP13988097A JP13988097A JPH10332687A JP H10332687 A JPH10332687 A JP H10332687A JP 13988097 A JP13988097 A JP 13988097A JP 13988097 A JP13988097 A JP 13988097A JP H10332687 A JPH10332687 A JP H10332687A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid
capturing
specific substance
substance
liquid passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP13988097A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masami Sumiya
雅實 角谷
Ryutaro Sakuta
隆太郎 作田
Masahiro Kanai
雅弘 金井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OOBEKUSU KK
Fujirebio Inc
Original Assignee
OOBEKUSU KK
Fujirebio Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OOBEKUSU KK, Fujirebio Inc filed Critical OOBEKUSU KK
Priority to JP13988097A priority Critical patent/JPH10332687A/en
Publication of JPH10332687A publication Critical patent/JPH10332687A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device by which a specific substance contained in a liquid can be captured surely even whet the quantity of the substance is very small and used after concentration or amplification and a method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the capturing method. SOLUTION: A capturing device 1 is composed of a cylinder member 2 having an opening 3 for supplying and/or discharging a liquid, a plunger member 11 which slidingly moves on the inner peripheral surface of the member 2, a guide member 6 which is communicated with the opening 3 and can form a liquid passage 7 having a very small cross section together with the inner peripheral surface of the member 2, and a capturing member 10 which is positioned in the passage 7 and carries a coupling material for capturing a specific substance contained in the liquid by coupling, surely captures the specific substance by bringing the liquid into contact with the capturing member 10 even when the quantity of the substance is very small, and detects and measures the substance by forming a labeled matter by causing a catalytic reaction between the captured specific substance and a labeling substance.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、液中に含まれる
特定物質を効率的に捕捉することのできる捕捉方法と、
該捕捉方法に使用する捕捉装置、ならびに該捕捉方法を
利用した特定物質の検出方法に関するものである。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a capturing method capable of efficiently capturing a specific substance contained in a liquid,
The present invention relates to a capture device used for the capture method, and a method for detecting a specific substance using the capture method.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】たとえば、ウイルス(HIV)などの遺
伝子や、O−157大腸菌のように空気感染するような
有毒細菌、さらには生体中の微量抗原又は抗体などの検
出は、一般的には液中にこれら特定物質が微量でも含ま
れていればこれを確実に捕捉することが前提条件とな
る。
2. Description of the Related Art For example, detection of genes such as virus (HIV), toxic bacteria such as O-157 Escherichia coli which is transmitted by air, and trace antigens or antibodies in a living body is generally carried out by liquid detection. If these specific substances are contained even in trace amounts, it is a prerequisite to reliably capture them.

【0003】この捕捉に際し、検体中に数百個のウイル
スや細菌などの特定物質が存在すれば、従来の捕捉方法
によって特定物質の測定を実施することができ、さらに
必要により、たとえば核酸をポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(P
CR)法によって増殖する方法、細菌を培養する方法な
どにより増幅して測定することもできる。ところが、検
体中に含まれる特定物質の個数の少ない場合には、特定
物質を拾い落とすことなく捕捉することがきわめて難し
い。この場合には、検体量を増やし、ウイルスや細菌な
どの特定物質を確実に捕捉してから増幅する方法が考え
られるが、捕捉には多大な労力と時間とを必要としてい
た。
[0003] At the time of this capture, if there are several hundred specific substances such as viruses and bacteria in the specimen, the specific substance can be measured by a conventional capture method. Chain reaction (P
It can also be amplified and measured by a method of growing by the CR) method or a method of culturing bacteria. However, when the number of specific substances contained in the sample is small, it is extremely difficult to capture the specific substances without picking them up. In this case, a method is conceivable in which the amount of the sample is increased, and a specific substance such as a virus or a bacterium is surely captured and then amplified, but the capturing requires a great deal of labor and time.

【0004】一方、生体などに存在する物質の存在を確
認するには、検体中の抗原又は抗体を免疫測定する方法
が知られている。かゝる抗原抗体反応で検出測定される
物質は、おゝむね1fmolc/ml以上の濃度であ
る。しかしながら、これ以下の極微量、たとえば、1p
(ピコ)g/ml以下の濃度で分子量30000程度の
均一に分散している特定物質の10μl中での分子数が
約20万個というような場合には、実用上その存在の確
認が困難になる場合が多い。
[0004] On the other hand, in order to confirm the presence of a substance existing in a living body or the like, a method of immunoassaying an antigen or an antibody in a specimen is known. The substance detected and measured by such an antigen-antibody reaction has a concentration of about 1 fmolc / ml or more. However, a trace amount less than this, for example, 1p
(Pico) When the number of molecules in 10 μl of a specific substance having a molecular weight of about 30,000 and uniformly dispersed at a concentration of g / ml or less is about 200,000, it is difficult to confirm its existence in practical use. Often.

【0005】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】遺伝子や有毒細菌など
の特定物質の捕捉は、きわめて効率的な手段を要求され
るので、公知の手段では満足のゆく結果を得ることが難
しく、ウイルス遺伝子や細菌を含む使用検体の量が限ら
れるため、確実な捕捉がきわめて困難で、捕捉できたと
しても時間を要し、検体を処理することなく不純物が混
在した状態で検査に供されることから精度を向上させる
ことができないのが現状である。
Since the capture of a specific substance such as a gene or a toxic bacterium requires extremely efficient means, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results by known means, and it is difficult to obtain a virus gene or a bacterium. Since the amount of sample used is limited, it is extremely difficult to reliably capture the sample, and it takes time even if the sample can be captured. At present, it cannot be improved.

【0006】他方、生体中の極微量の特定物質確認の際
に生ずる物理的な障害としては、反応速度と計測速度の
減少と、非特異物質の物理的排除の困難性が挙げられ
る。より具体的に述べると、反応自体が攪拌律速になる
ため、通常の条件では反応の場に目的物が接近し結合す
るために時間が掛りすぎたり、反応の場が広いと目的物
との結合効率が低く、測定に時間が掛かったる。さら
に、検体の使用量を多くしても反応速度に多くの期待が
できないなどといった物理的要因が考えられる。
On the other hand, physical obstacles that occur when confirming a very small amount of a specific substance in a living body include a decrease in the reaction speed and measurement speed, and difficulty in physically excluding nonspecific substances. More specifically, since the reaction itself is controlled by stirring, it takes too much time for the target substance to approach and bind to the reaction field under normal conditions, or to bind with the target substance if the reaction field is wide. Efficiency is low and measurement takes time. Further, physical factors such as the fact that the reaction rate cannot be expected to be high even if the amount of the sample used is increased are conceivable.

【0007】また、生化学的な障害としては、非特異的
反応を効率的に除去(洗浄)できないこと、捕捉部位の
表面積を広くすると検出感度が低下すること、一個の抗
体や遺伝子では識別能力に限界りクロスコンタミネーシ
ョンの増加などによって非特異性が上昇することなどが
挙げられる。そこで、これらの障害要因を打破した検出
技術の確立が望まれている。
[0007] Biochemical obstacles include the inability to efficiently remove (wash) nonspecific reactions, a decrease in detection sensitivity when the surface area of the capture site is increased, and a discrimination ability with a single antibody or gene. And non-specificity increases due to an increase in cross-contamination. Therefore, it is desired to establish a detection technique that overcomes these obstacle factors.

【0008】この発明はかゝる現状に鑑み、液中に特定
物質が微量でも含まれていれば、当該特定物質を確実に
捕捉して濃縮又は増幅して使用することができる液中の
特定物質の捕捉方法とその装置を提供することを目的と
するものである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned situation, the present invention provides a method for specifying a specific substance in a liquid which can be reliably captured and concentrated or amplified if the specific substance is contained even in a trace amount. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for capturing a substance and a device therefor.

【0009】この発明の他の目的は、前記の捕捉方法を
利用して生体などから得られる検体中にごく微量でも検
出すべき物質が含まれていれば、これを確実に捕捉し、
高感度、迅速な計測と迅速な反応、使用する試薬の減少
化、特異性の向上ができ、かつ簡便に自動化に対処する
ことが可能な検体の検出方法を提供せんとすることであ
る。
Another object of the present invention is to reliably capture even a very small amount of a substance to be detected in a specimen obtained from a living body or the like using the above-described capturing method.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting a sample which can achieve high sensitivity, rapid measurement and rapid reaction, use of fewer reagents, improve specificity, and can easily deal with automation.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するた
め、この発明の請求項1に記載の発明は、微小の断面で
構成された液通路内に液体を強制的に流通させることに
よって該液通路内に配置した捕捉部材と接触させ、該捕
捉部材に液中の特定物質を結合させて捕捉することを特
徴とする液中に含まれる特定物質の捕捉方法である。
In order to achieve this object, the invention according to the first aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of forcing a liquid to flow through a liquid passage having a small cross section. This is a method for capturing a specific substance contained in a liquid, wherein the specific substance contained in the liquid is captured by contacting a specific substance in the liquid with the capturing member arranged in a passage and binding the specific substance in the liquid to the capturing member.

【0011】この発明の請求項5に記載の発明は、液体
を供給又は/及び排出するための開口部を備えたシリン
ダ部材と、該シリンダ部材の内周壁に沿って摺接移動す
るプランジャー部材と、前記開口部と連通し、かつシリ
ンダ部材の内周壁との間に微小断面の液通路を形成しう
るガイド部材と、該液通路内に配置され液中の特定物質
を捕捉するための物質を担持させた捕捉部材とからなる
ことを特徴とする特定物質の捕捉装置である。
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cylinder member having an opening for supplying and / or discharging a liquid, and a plunger member slidingly moving along an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member. And a guide member communicating with the opening and forming a liquid passage having a minute cross section between the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member and a substance disposed in the liquid passage to capture a specific substance in the liquid. And a capturing member that supports the specific substance.

【0012】さらに、この発明の請求項8に記載の発明
は、微小の断面で構成された液通路内に液体を強制的に
流通させることによって該液通路内に配置した捕捉部材
と接触させ、該捕捉部材に液中の特定物質を結合させて
捕捉したのち、前記捕捉部材に捕捉した特定物質と、当
該特定物質と結合する標識物質とを反応させることを特
徴とする液中の特定物質の検出方法である。
Further, according to the invention described in claim 8 of the present invention, the liquid is forcibly circulated in a liquid passage having a small cross section, thereby contacting the liquid with the catching member arranged in the liquid passage, After capturing and binding the specific substance in the liquid to the capturing member, the specific substance in the liquid is characterized by reacting the specific substance captured by the capturing member with a labeling substance that binds to the specific substance. It is a detection method.

【0013】[0013]

【発明の実施の形態】この発明の液中の特定物質の捕捉
方法は、液体を微小断面で構成された液通路内に強制的
に流通させ、該液通路内に配置した捕捉部材で液中に微
量でも特定物質が存在しているとこれを確実に捕捉する
ものである。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the method for capturing a specific substance in a liquid according to the present invention, the liquid is forcibly circulated in a liquid passage having a small cross section, and the liquid is forced into the liquid by a capturing member arranged in the liquid passage. If a specific substance is present even in a very small amount, it is surely captured.

【0014】特定物質を含む液体を流通させるための液
通路は、たとえば、幅と深さが共におよそ5mm、好ま
しくは1mm以下の凹溝で構成された微小の断面を有
し、この液通路内に特定物質を結合捕捉することができ
る捕捉部材が装着される。この捕捉部材は特定物質を捕
捉、濃縮したり、捕捉部材と共に既存の増幅法や培養法
に適用することができる。
The liquid passage for flowing the liquid containing the specific substance has a minute cross section formed by a concave groove having a width and a depth of about 5 mm, preferably 1 mm or less. A capturing member capable of binding and capturing a specific substance is attached to the second member. This capturing member can capture and concentrate a specific substance, and can be applied to an existing amplification method and culture method together with the capturing member.

【0015】かゝる捕捉部材としては、たとえば、セル
ロース、ニトロセルロース、グラスウールなどの濾紙と
して用いられる紙濾材の成形体、微細孔を有するプラス
チック、ガラス、セラミック、シリコンなどの成形体な
どが好適に使用される。
As such a capturing member, for example, a molded article of a paper filter medium used as a filter paper such as cellulose, nitrocellulose, glass wool and the like, a molded article of plastic, glass, ceramic, silicon or the like having fine pores are preferably used. used.

【0016】この捕捉部材は、液中に含まれている特定
物質と結合することのできる結合物質、たとえば抗体又
は抗原、DNAやRNAなどの核酸を担持させたもの
で、前記の液通路内に少なくとも1個を装着するもので
ある。これら物質を捕捉部材に担持させる方法として
は、公知の物質吸着法や化学結合法などを挙げることが
できるが、担持手段については特段の制限はない。
The capture member carries a binding substance capable of binding to a specific substance contained in the liquid, for example, an antibody or an antigen, or a nucleic acid such as DNA or RNA. At least one is to be mounted. Examples of a method for supporting these substances on the capturing member include a known substance adsorption method and a chemical bonding method, but there is no particular limitation on the supporting means.

【0017】液通路内に装着する捕捉部材は基本的には
1個であるが、複数設けることもできる。複数の捕捉部
材を液通路内に配置する場合には、各捕捉部材を所定の
間隔で設け、各捕捉部材には異なった特定物質を捕捉又
は検出することができるよう異なった結合物質を担持さ
せることが望ましい。また、1個の捕捉部材に、2以上
の前記結合物質を混合もしくは単独に担持させてもよ
い。
Although the number of the catching members mounted in the liquid passage is basically one, a plurality of catching members may be provided. When a plurality of capture members are arranged in the liquid passage, each capture member is provided at a predetermined interval, and each capture member carries a different binding substance so that a different specific substance can be captured or detected. It is desirable. Also, two or more of the binding substances may be mixed or singly carried on one capture member.

【0018】前記の担持させた結合物質によって捕捉部
材に結合させた特定物質は、結合した特定物質と結合す
る標識された抗原、抗体、DAN、RNAなどの標識物
質と反応させ、たとえば、免疫複合体又は2本鎖の核
酸、を形成させて標識物を測定するものである。
The specific substance bound to the capturing member by the above-mentioned bound binding substance is reacted with a labeled substance such as an antigen, an antibody, a DNA or an RNA which binds to the bound specific substance. A labeled substance is measured by forming a body or a double-stranded nucleic acid.

【0019】標識に用いる標識物としては、たとえば、
色素を含む着色粒子、蛍光粒子、化学発光粒子、化学発
光物質(アクリジニウムエステル、イソルミノールな
ど)、酵素、放射性同位元素(RI)などを挙げること
ができる。中でも前記の化学発光粒子、化学発光物質な
どは高感度測定を簡便に行うためには好ましい物質であ
る。
The label used for labeling includes, for example,
Examples include coloring particles containing a dye, fluorescent particles, chemiluminescent particles, chemiluminescent substances (such as acridinium esters and isoluminol), enzymes, and radioisotopes (RI). Among them, the above-described chemiluminescent particles, chemiluminescent substances, and the like are preferable substances for easily performing high-sensitivity measurement.

【0020】この発明の捕捉方法や、該捕捉方法を利用
した検出方法は、液中に含まれる各種の抗原、抗体、核
酸などを捕捉したり、測定(検出)することによって、
たとえば、ウイルスや細菌などによる感染症の早期発見
や、生体新規微量物質の定量と臨床研究への応用、癌の
早期発見、癌移転因子、老化因子、新規インターフェロ
ンなどの生体機能検査、毒素の検出や脳内微量物質の定
量と機能分析、心臓や脳などの血管異常の早期診断、さ
らには感染症や癌に対する防御機能検査、薬剤の含有検
査、PCR法を利用した高感度遺伝子診断、遺伝子工学
より産生が予想される物質の特定や新規診断薬の発見な
どきわめて広い用途に利用することができる。
The capture method of the present invention and the detection method using the capture method are based on capturing or measuring (detecting) various antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, etc. contained in a liquid.
For example, early detection of infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria, quantification of new trace substances in living organisms and application to clinical research, early detection of cancer, examination of biological functions such as cancer transfer factors, aging factors, new interferons, and detection of toxins And functional analysis of trace substances in the brain and brain, early diagnosis of vascular abnormalities in the heart and brain, testing of protective functions against infectious diseases and cancer, testing for drug content, high-sensitivity gene diagnosis using PCR, genetic engineering It can be used for a very wide range of purposes, such as identifying substances that are expected to produce more and discovering new diagnostic agents.

【0021】かゝる捕捉方法に使用する捕捉装置は、特
定物質を含む液(検体液)を供給又は/及び排出するた
めの開口部を有するシリンダ部材と、該シリンダ部材内
に液を強制的に流通させるためのプランジャーと、前記
開口部と連通し、かつシリンダ部材の内周壁との間に微
小断面の液通路を形成しうるガイド部材と、該液通路内
に配置され液中の特定物質を捕捉するための結合物質を
担持させた捕捉部材とからなることから構成される。
The capturing device used in such a capturing method includes a cylinder member having an opening for supplying and / or discharging a liquid (specimen liquid) containing a specific substance, and forcing a liquid into the cylinder member. A guide member that communicates with the opening and that can form a liquid passage having a minute cross section between the plunger and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member; And a capturing member carrying a binding substance for capturing the substance.

【0022】捕捉装置を構成するシリンダ部材は、ガラ
ス又はプラスチック製の所要の径と長さを有する円筒状
パイプから形成るもので、プランジャーを受け入れるた
めの挿入部と、捕捉又は検出せんとする特定物質を含む
液をシリンダ部材に供給し、シリンダ部材から排出する
ための開口部を内外に連通するよう形成したもので、内
部が目視できるよう所要の部位又は全体を透明とするこ
とが好ましい。前記開口部近傍の内部には、液を液通路
に強制的に導くためのガイド部材が装填される。
The cylinder member constituting the capturing device is formed from a cylindrical pipe made of glass or plastic having a required diameter and length, and has an insertion portion for receiving a plunger, and a capturing or detecting member. An opening for supplying a liquid containing a specific substance to the cylinder member and discharging the liquid from the cylinder member is formed to communicate inside and outside, and it is preferable that a necessary portion or the whole is transparent so that the inside can be viewed. A guide member for forcibly guiding the liquid to the liquid passage is loaded in the vicinity of the opening.

【0023】このガイド部材は、外形が前記シリンダ部
材の内形と密着する形状を有する所要長さの中実体から
なるもので、外周の一部に長手方向に沿って一端面から
他端面に達する所要の幅と深さを有する凹溝を形成して
液通路としている。この液通路は、特定物質を含む液が
少ない量であっても、液中に含まれる物質(検体)を確
実に捕捉することが可能となるように、断面を幅と深さ
の狭い微小としたもので、5mm四方以下、好ましくは
1mm四方以下とすることが望ましい。
This guide member is a solid body of a required length having an outer shape in close contact with the inner shape of the cylinder member, and extends from one end surface to the other end surface in a part of the outer periphery along the longitudinal direction. A groove having a required width and depth is formed as a liquid passage. This liquid passage has a small cross section and a small width and depth so that the substance (analyte) contained in the liquid can be reliably captured even when the amount of the liquid containing the specific substance is small. It is desirable that the width be 5 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less.

【0024】前記ガイド部材の材質には特段の制限はな
いが、プラスチックでシリンダ部材の内形と密着する外
形の中実体を成型し、得た中実体の表面をコーティング
処理して捕捉又は測定に使用する液が内部に浸透しない
ようにしたものである。また、このガイド部材は、使用
する液をスムーズに液通路内に供給することができ、前
記捕捉部材に数回液を接触させたり、あるいは排出する
に際しても、シリンダ部材内に滞留することがないよ
う、ガイド部材の両端面部を液通路方向に傾斜させてテ
ーパー面を形成することが好ましい。
Although there is no particular limitation on the material of the guide member, a solid body having an outer shape that is in close contact with the inner shape of the cylinder member is formed of plastic, and the surface of the obtained solid body is subjected to a coating process for capturing or measuring. The used liquid is prevented from penetrating inside. Further, the guide member can smoothly supply the liquid to be used into the liquid passage, and does not stay in the cylinder member even when the liquid is brought into contact with or discharged from the capturing member several times. Thus, it is preferable to form the tapered surface by inclining both end surfaces of the guide member in the liquid passage direction.

【0025】前記シリンダ部材の内周壁と前記ガイド部
材の凹溝との間に形成される液通路内には、先に述べた
ように使用する液中に含まれる物質を捕捉するための捕
捉部材が設けられる。
A trapping member for trapping a substance contained in the liquid to be used as described above is provided in a liquid passage formed between the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member and the concave groove of the guide member. Is provided.

【0026】前記プランジャーは、前記シリンダ部材の
内形と密接する頭部を有する所要の長さの中実体からな
るもので、該頭部の外周にはシリンダ部材の内周壁との
密接をより確実にするためのOリングなどを装着するこ
とが好ましい。また、このプランジャーには、液中の特
定物質を捕捉した捕捉部材を洗浄するための洗浄液通路
と、捕捉した特定物質を検出するための標識液を捕捉部
材に供給するための標識液通路を形成しておけば、特定
物質を捕捉した捕捉部材をその都度ガイド部材から取り
外すことなく、その場において特定物質の有無を確認す
ることもできる。なお、この洗浄液通路と標識液通路は
必ずしもプランジャーに設ける必要はなく、前記シリン
ダ部材に設けてもよい。
The plunger is made of a solid body of a required length having a head closely contacting the inner shape of the cylinder member, and the outer periphery of the head is more closely contacted with the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member. It is preferable to attach an O-ring or the like to ensure the reliability. In addition, the plunger has a cleaning liquid passage for cleaning the capturing member that has captured the specific substance in the liquid, and a marker liquid passage for supplying a labeling liquid for detecting the captured specific substance to the capturing member. If it is formed, the presence or absence of the specific substance can be confirmed on the spot without removing the capturing member that has captured the specific substance from the guide member each time. The washing liquid passage and the marker liquid passage need not always be provided in the plunger, but may be provided in the cylinder member.

【0027】かゝる構成からなる捕捉装置を使用して特
定物質を捕捉又は検出するには、シリンダ部材に設けた
ノズルなどからなる開口部を通じてシリンダ部材内に液
を供給し、プランジャーを操作して液をガイド部材の凹
溝とシリンダ部材の内周壁との間に形成された液通路内
に強制的に導き、液を液通路内に装着された捕捉部材と
接触させ、液中の特定物質を捕捉部材に担持させた結合
物質と結合させることによって行うものである。
In order to capture or detect a specific substance using the capturing device having such a configuration, the liquid is supplied into the cylinder member through an opening formed by a nozzle or the like provided in the cylinder member, and the plunger is operated. The liquid is forcibly guided into a liquid passage formed between the concave groove of the guide member and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member, and the liquid is brought into contact with a capturing member mounted in the liquid passage to specify the liquid. This is performed by binding the substance to a binding substance carried on the capturing member.

【0028】液と捕捉部材との接触に際しては、その接
触時間を調整するため、プランジャーの移動速度を調節
して液を強制的に流通させることができる。すなわち、
この発明においては、捕捉を確実に行い得る液量を強制
的に流通させるために、従来のクロマト法やろ過法に比
べ接触時間を選択でき、捕捉部材への結合を効率よく行
うことができる。
At the time of contact between the liquid and the capturing member, the liquid can be forced to flow by adjusting the moving speed of the plunger in order to adjust the contact time. That is,
In the present invention, the contact time can be selected as compared with the conventional chromatographic method or filtration method in order to forcibly circulate a liquid amount capable of reliably capturing, and the binding to the capturing member can be performed efficiently.

【0029】捕捉部材と液との接触は基本的には1回で
も効率よく行うことができるが、さらに精度と感度とを
向上させるためには2回以上の通過を繰り返して接触さ
せることが好ましい。この操作によって、検体の液量及
び捕捉部材の量に応じて最適な捕捉を行うことができ
る。
Basically, the contact between the capturing member and the liquid can be efficiently performed even once, but in order to further improve the accuracy and sensitivity, it is preferable to repeatedly contact the liquid more than twice. . By this operation, optimal capturing can be performed according to the amount of the sample liquid and the amount of the capturing member.

【0030】捕捉部材に結合した物質には、検体中の特
定物質と共に非特異物質が存在する場合がある。したが
って、この非特異物質を捕捉部材から除去するために、
前記洗浄液通路から洗浄液を液通路内に供給し洗浄を行
うことができる。この洗浄法によれば、洗浄液を捕捉部
材の存在する液通路内に一方向に通過させるため、効率
よく捕捉部材を洗浄することができる。さらに、非特異
物質が結合する弱い結合を排除し、除去するためには、
捕捉部材の近傍に超音波、電磁波などの外部から加えた
エネルギーによる選択的な除去手段を追加することもで
きる。
The substance bound to the capture member may include a non-specific substance together with the specific substance in the specimen. Therefore, in order to remove this non-specific substance from the capturing member,
Cleaning can be performed by supplying a cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid passage into the liquid passage. According to this cleaning method, the cleaning liquid is caused to pass in one direction into the liquid passage where the capturing member exists, so that the capturing member can be efficiently cleaned. Furthermore, in order to eliminate and remove weak bonds to which non-specific substances bind,
Selective removing means by externally applied energy such as ultrasonic waves and electromagnetic waves can be added near the capturing member.

【0031】かくして捕捉部材に捕捉した特定物質は、
捕捉部材と共に既存の増幅法や培養法に適用したり、捕
捉部材上で捕捉した特定物質と結合する標識された標識
物質(抗原又は抗体、核酸など)と反応させて標識物を
生成させることによって測定(検出)するものである。
The specific substance thus captured by the capturing member is
By applying it to existing amplification methods and culture methods together with the capture member, or by reacting with a labeled substance (antigen or antibody, nucleic acid, etc.) that binds to a specific substance captured on the capture member, to generate a labeled substance Measurement (detection).

【0032】なお、この発明の捕捉装置は基本的には手
動で行うものであるが、たとえば、ガイド部材を内蔵し
たシリンダ部材を適宜手段によって鉛直に保持した状態
で、該シリンダ部材内に開口部を通じて特定物質を含ん
だ液の供給工程、シリンダ部材内に供給された液を強制
的に捕捉部材に接触させる工程、その後洗浄工程などの
一連の工程をコンピュータ制御によって自動化すること
もできる。
Although the catching device of the present invention is basically operated manually, for example, an opening is formed in the cylinder member with the guide member incorporated therein being held vertically by appropriate means. , A series of steps such as a step of supplying a liquid containing a specific substance, a step of forcibly bringing the liquid supplied into the cylinder member into contact with the capturing member, and a subsequent cleaning step can also be automated by computer control.

【0033】[0033]

【作用】この発明の液中の特定物質の捕捉方法は、微小
な断面で構成された液通路内に特定物質を含む液を強制
的に流通させ、該液通路内に配置した捕捉部材で液中の
μg/ml〜pg/mlの濃度範囲、特に1pg/ml
以下の微量に存在する特定物質をも高感度で的確に捕捉
することができる。
According to the method for capturing a specific substance in a liquid according to the present invention, a liquid containing a specific substance is forcibly circulated in a liquid passage having a small cross section, and the liquid is collected by a capturing member disposed in the liquid passage. Concentration range from μg / ml to pg / ml, especially 1 pg / ml
The following specific substances present in trace amounts can also be accurately captured with high sensitivity.

【0034】前記の方法に使用する捕捉装置は、シリン
ダ部材内にガイド部材を装填し、該ガイド部材に形成さ
れた凹溝とシリンダ部材の内周壁との間で液通路を形成
し、この液通路内に捕捉部材を装着し、プランジャーの
操作で液を捕捉部材に強制的に接触させると、捕捉部材
には捕捉せんとする特定物質と結合する結合物質を担持
させているので、確実に目的の特定物質を捕捉すること
ができる。
In the capturing device used in the above method, a guide member is loaded in a cylinder member, and a liquid passage is formed between a concave groove formed in the guide member and an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member. When the capture member is installed in the passage and the liquid is forcibly brought into contact with the capture member by operating the plunger, the capture member carries the binding substance that binds to the specific substance to be captured, so A specific substance of interest can be captured.

【0035】この発明の前記捕捉方法を利用した特定物
質の検出方法は、捕捉部材に捕捉した特定物質と結合す
る標識された標識物質を捕捉部材上において反応させて
標識物を検出することによって、高感度で特定物質の存
在の有無を確認することができる。
In the method for detecting a specific substance using the capturing method of the present invention, the labeled substance is detected by reacting a labeled substance bound to the specific substance captured by the capturing member on the capturing member. The presence or absence of a specific substance can be confirmed with high sensitivity.

【0036】[0036]

【実施例】以下、この発明の液中の特定物質の捕捉方法
と、該捕捉方法に使用する捕捉装置と、該捕捉方法を利
用した特定物質の検出方法の実施例を添付の図面を引用
して具体的に説明する。この発明において、液中の特定
物質を捕捉するための捕捉装置1は、所要の径と長さを
有する円筒状のシリンダ部材2と、該シリンダ部材2内
に装填されるガイド部材6と、該ガイド部材6に着脱自
在に装着可能な捕捉部材10と、前記シリンダ部材2内
を摺接移動するプランジヤー11とから構成さている。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of a method for capturing a specific substance in a liquid, a capture apparatus used in the capture method, and a method for detecting a specific substance using the capture method according to the present invention will be described below. This will be specifically described. In the present invention, a capturing device 1 for capturing a specific substance in a liquid includes a cylindrical cylinder member 2 having a required diameter and length, a guide member 6 loaded in the cylinder member 2, It comprises a capturing member 10 that can be detachably mounted on the guide member 6 and a plunger 11 that slides and moves in the cylinder member 2.

【0037】図1に示すシリンダ部材2は全体が透明な
プラスチックの成形体で構成したもので、一端面が閉塞
されると共に、他端面が開口され、前記閉塞された端面
の中央部に検体液を吸引採取するための小径のノズル3
がシリンダ部材2内と連通するよう突出形成されると共
に、他端開口部の外周に沿って指で掛止するためのフラ
ンジ5が一体的に形成され、当該開口部をプランジャー
11の挿入部4としたものである。
The cylinder member 2 shown in FIG. 1 is entirely formed of a transparent plastic molded body. One end face is closed and the other end face is opened. The sample liquid is placed at the center of the closed end face. Nozzle 3 for suction sampling
Is formed so as to communicate with the inside of the cylinder member 2, and a flange 5 for engaging with a finger is formed integrally along the outer periphery of the other end opening, and the opening is inserted into the insertion portion of the plunger 11. It is set to 4.

【0038】プランジャー11は同じくプラスチック製
で、シリンダ部材2の内径よりも径が小さく、所要の長
さを有する中実体の先端部に外周部にOリング12を装
着した頭部12を一体的に形成すると共に、基端部に指
掛止用のフランジ13を一体的に形成したもので、前記
頭部12は前記シリンダ部材2の内周壁と気密に摺接し
て移動するものである。
The plunger 11 is also made of plastic, and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder member 2 and is integrally formed with a head 12 having an O-ring 12 mounted on the outer peripheral portion at the distal end of a solid body having a required length. In addition, a flange 13 for holding a finger is integrally formed at a base end portion, and the head portion 12 moves while sliding on the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 2 in an airtight manner.

【0039】このプランジャー11には基端部から頭部
12に開口する2本の通路を内部に形成され、一方の通
路を洗浄液を流通させる洗浄液通路14とし、他方の通
路を標識物質を含む標識液を流通させる標識液通路15
としている。
The plunger 11 has two passages formed therein from the base end to the head 12, one of which is a washing liquid passage 14 through which a washing liquid flows, and the other of which contains a labeling substance. Labeling liquid passage 15 through which the labeling liquid flows
And

【0040】前記ノズル3に近接するシリンダ部材2の
内部には、シリンダ部材2の内周壁と密着する所要長さ
の中実体の外周部に軸方向に沿って1mm×1mmの幅
と深さとを有する凹溝を形成したガイド部材6が可動不
可の状態で装填され、シリンダ部材2の内周壁との間に
微小な断面積の液通路7を形成している。
Inside the cylinder member 2 close to the nozzle 3, a width and depth of 1 mm × 1 mm are set along the axial direction on the outer periphery of a solid body of a required length that is in close contact with the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 2. A guide member 6 having a concave groove is mounted in a non-movable state, and forms a liquid passage 7 having a minute cross-sectional area between the guide member 6 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 2.

【0041】このガイド部材6はプラスチック製で、内
部に検体液が浸透することがないよう表面をコーティン
グ処理したもので、ノズル3側に位置する端面は少なく
ともその半分がシリンダ部材2の他端側に傾斜するテー
パー面8を形成し、開口側に位置する端面はノズル3側
に傾斜するテーパー面9を形成しているので、液通路7
の始端側はテーパー面8を介してノズル3と連通し、終
端側はテーパー面9を介してシリンダ部材2内と連通し
ている。したがって、検体液の吸い上げに際してはノズ
ル3からの検体液がスムーズに液通路7に導かれ、また
吐出される場合には、検体液が液流通路7からテーパー
面8に沿ってノズル3側に流れるため検体液がシリンダ
2部材内に滞留することがないものである。
The guide member 6 is made of plastic and has a surface coated so as to prevent the sample liquid from penetrating into the inside. At least one half of the end face located on the nozzle 3 side is the other end side of the cylinder member 2. Since the tapered surface 8 inclined to the nozzle 3 is formed at the end surface located on the opening side, the liquid passage 7 is formed.
Is connected to the nozzle 3 via a tapered surface 8 and the terminal end is connected to the inside of the cylinder member 2 via a tapered surface 9. Therefore, when the sample liquid is sucked up, the sample liquid from the nozzle 3 is smoothly guided to the liquid passage 7, and when the sample liquid is discharged, the sample liquid flows from the liquid flow passage 7 to the nozzle 3 side along the tapered surface 8. Since the sample liquid flows, the sample liquid does not stay in the cylinder 2 member.

【0042】前記シリンダ部材2の内周壁と前記ガイド
部材6で形成される微小な断面の液通路7内には、堰板
状の捕捉部材10が装着されている。この捕捉部材10
は濾紙として使用される濾材の成形体からなる液透過性
のもので、接触する検体液中に含まれる特定物質(検
体)を確実に捕捉するため、この捕捉部材10には捕捉
又は検出せんとする特定物質と結合することのできる結
合物質、たとえば抗原や抗体、あるいは核酸を公知の担
持手段によって担持させている。
In a liquid passage 7 having a minute cross section formed by the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 2 and the guide member 6, a dam plate-shaped capturing member 10 is mounted. This capturing member 10
Is a liquid-permeable material formed of a filter material used as a filter paper. In order to reliably capture a specific substance (analyte) contained in a sample liquid that comes into contact with the filter member, the capture member 10 does not need to capture or detect. A binding substance capable of binding to a specific substance, for example, an antigen, an antibody, or a nucleic acid is carried by a known carrying means.

【0043】かゝる捕捉装置1による特定物質の捕捉
は、以下の要領によって行う。まず、捕捉装置1のシリ
ンダ部材2におけるノズル3を容器(図示せず)に収容
した検体液中に浸し、プランジャー11を引き上げるよ
うに操作して検体液を吸い上げると、検体液は図2に示
す矢印のとおりノズル3→ガイド部材6のテーパー面8
とシリンダ部材2の内周壁との間に形成された空隙部X
→液通路7→ガイド部材6後方のシリンダ部材2の空隙
部Yに強制的に流れ、その間に検体液は液通路7に装着
した捕捉部材10と接する。ついで、プランジャー11
を押し下げて、前記空隙部Yにある検体液を再び液通路
7→空隙部X→ノズル3を介し容器に戻す操作を行うも
ので、捕捉部材10への検体液の接触は少なくとも1
度、好ましくは数回接触させる。その際、プランジャー
11に設けた洗浄液通路14と標識液通路15は閉状態
を保持している。
The specific substance is captured by the capturing device 1 in the following manner. First, the nozzle 3 of the cylinder member 2 of the capturing device 1 is immersed in a sample liquid stored in a container (not shown), and the plunger 11 is operated to pull up the sample liquid. As shown by the arrow, the nozzle 3 → the tapered surface 8 of the guide member 6
Space X formed between the cylinder member 2 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 2
→ Liquid passage 7 → Forcibly flows into the gap Y of the cylinder member 2 behind the guide member 6, during which the sample liquid comes into contact with the capturing member 10 attached to the liquid passage 7. Then plunger 11
Is pressed down to return the sample liquid in the gap Y to the container again through the liquid passage 7 → the gap X → the nozzle 3. Contact of the sample liquid with the capturing member 10 is at least one.
Contact, preferably several times. At this time, the washing liquid passage 14 and the marker liquid passage 15 provided in the plunger 11 are kept closed.

【0044】捕捉部材10への検体液の接触処理操作が
終了すると、検体液をシリンダ部材2から完全に排出し
たのち、プランジャー11の洗浄液通路14から洗浄液
をシリンダ部材2内に流し、液通路7内を洗浄し捕捉材
10に捕捉された不要な物質を除去する。この時、捕捉
部材10には捕捉しようとする特定物質と結合する結合
物質があらかじめ担持されいるので、液中の特定物質は
結合物質と結合して捕捉部材10に捕捉されているの
で、捕捉部材10から洗い流されるおそれは全くない。
When the operation of bringing the sample liquid into contact with the capturing member 10 is completed, the sample liquid is completely discharged from the cylinder member 2, and then the washing liquid flows from the washing liquid passage 14 of the plunger 11 into the cylinder member 2. The inside of 7 is washed to remove unnecessary substances captured by the capturing material 10. At this time, since a binding substance that binds to the specific substance to be captured is previously carried on the capturing member 10, the specific substance in the liquid is bound to the binding substance and captured by the capturing member 10. There is no risk of being washed off from 10.

【0045】かくして、液中に含まれる特定物質は捕捉
部材10によって確実に捕捉、濃縮することができるの
で、これを捕捉部材と共に既存の増幅法や培養法に使用
することができる。
Thus, the specific substance contained in the liquid can be reliably captured and concentrated by the capturing member 10, and can be used together with the capturing member in an existing amplification method or culture method.

【0046】かゝる捕捉装置1を使用して液中の特定物
質を検出するには、捕捉部材10に特定物質を捕捉し、
洗浄工程までは同一の処理を実施する。しかるのち、標
識された標識物質を含む標識液を標識液通路15を使用
してシリンダ部材2内に注入して標識液と捕捉部材10
とを接触させる。この標識液は、捕捉部材10に捕捉さ
れた特定物質と結合する標識された抗原や抗体又は核酸
からなるもので、捕捉部材10と接触することによって
捕捉部材10に結合された特定物質と反応して、たとえ
ば、免疫複合体もしくは2本鎖の核酸を形成する。
In order to detect a specific substance in a liquid using such a capturing device 1, a specific substance is captured by the capturing member 10,
The same processing is performed up to the cleaning step. Thereafter, a labeling liquid containing a labeled substance is injected into the cylinder member 2 using the labeling liquid passage 15, and the labeling liquid and the capturing member 10 are injected.
And contact. This labeling liquid is composed of a labeled antigen, antibody or nucleic acid that binds to the specific substance captured by the capture member 10, and reacts with the specific substance bound to the capture member 10 by contacting the capture member 10. Thus, for example, an immune complex or a double-stranded nucleic acid is formed.

【0047】標識物質と捕捉部材10に結合された特定
物質とを反応させて結合させると、標識液を排出して洗
浄剤を再びシリンダ部材2内に注入して洗浄したのち、
捕捉部材10に形成された免疫複合体もしくは2本鎖の
核酸の標識物を目視又はCCDカメラなどで測定するこ
とによって液中に含まれる特定物質を検出(測定)する
ものである。
When the labeling substance and the specific substance bound to the capturing member 10 are reacted and combined, the labeling liquid is discharged, and the cleaning agent is again injected into the cylinder member 2 for washing.
A specific substance contained in the liquid is detected (measured) by visually or by measuring a labeled substance of the double-stranded nucleic acid formed on the capturing member 10 with a CCD camera or the like.

【0048】しかして、たとえば、検体を唾液とし、該
唾液中に含まれるHIV抗原が含まれているか否かを検
出する場合には、捕捉部材に抗HIV抗体を担持させ、
標識抗体として前記抗HIV抗体とは異なるHIV抗原
決定基を有し標識された抗HIV抗体からなる標識液を
接触させることによって、検出のための複合体を形成す
ることができる。
Thus, for example, when the specimen is saliva and it is detected whether or not the HIV antigen contained in the saliva is contained, an anti-HIV antibody is carried on the capturing member,
A complex for detection can be formed by contacting a labeling solution comprising a labeled anti-HIV antibody having an HIV antigenic determinant different from the anti-HIV antibody as the labeled antibody.

【0049】また、この実施例においては、プランジャ
ー11に洗浄液通路14と標識液通路15を形成し、該
洗浄液通路14と標識液通路15を利用して洗浄処理と
複合体形成処理を行っているが、プランジャー11にか
ゝる液通路を形成せず、ノズル3から洗浄液と標識液を
吸い上げて実施例と同様の処理をしてもよいことは当然
のことである。
In this embodiment, a cleaning liquid passage 14 and a marker liquid passage 15 are formed in the plunger 11, and a cleaning process and a complex forming process are performed using the cleaning liquid passage 14 and the marker liquid passage 15. However, as a matter of course, the same processing as in the embodiment may be performed by sucking up the cleaning liquid and the labeling liquid from the nozzle 3 without forming the liquid passage corresponding to the plunger 11.

【0050】図3に示す捕捉装置21は、基本的には前
記の実施例と同様にノズル23を有するシリンダ部材2
2とプランジヤー26とから構成されたもので、シリン
ダ22部材の前記ノズル23に近い内部にはガイド部材
24が装填固定され、ガイド部材24に形成した凹溝と
前記シリンダ部材22の内周壁との間に微小な断面積の
液通路25を形成したものである。
A catching device 21 shown in FIG. 3 basically has a cylinder member 2 having a nozzle 23 similarly to the above-described embodiment.
2 and a plunger 26, a guide member 24 is loaded and fixed inside the cylinder 22 member near the nozzle 23, and a groove formed in the guide member 24 and an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 22 are formed. A liquid passage 25 having a minute cross-sectional area is formed between them.

【0051】この捕捉装置21の液通路25には、3個
の堰板状の捕捉部材20a,20bおよび20cが所定
間隔を保持して装着されている。これら捕捉材20a,
20b及び20cには、検体液中の異なった種類の特定
物質を検出するための抗原又は抗体がそれぞれ担持させ
ているので、一度の操作によって同時に検体中の複数の
特定物質を確認することができる。
In the liquid passage 25 of the capturing device 21, three capturing members 20a, 20b and 20c in the form of dams are mounted at predetermined intervals. These trapping materials 20a,
Since 20b and 20c carry antigens or antibodies for detecting different types of specific substances in the sample solution, a plurality of specific substances in the sample can be simultaneously confirmed by a single operation. .

【0052】図4に示す捕捉装置31は、前記の各実施
例と同様にノズル33を有するシリンダ部材32と、該
シリンダ部材32内を摺接移動するプランジャー34
と、前記シリンダ部材32内に装填されるガイド部材3
5とから構成され、シリンダ部材32の内周壁とガイド
部材35に形成された凹溝との間に液通路36を形成す
ると共に、該液通路36内に検出せんとする特定物質と
結合する物質を担持させた捕捉部材37を装着したもの
で、前記各実施例と異なる点は、シリンダ部材42の開
口部の近傍に洗浄液を供給するための洗浄液通路38と
標識物質を供給するための標識液通路39を形成したも
ので、ノズル33から検体液を吸い上げる場合には、こ
れら各液通路は閉鎖されて内部を真空に保持するもの
で、自動化に適した装置である。
A catching device 31 shown in FIG. 4 includes a cylinder member 32 having a nozzle 33 and a plunger 34 which slides inside the cylinder member 32 as in the above embodiments.
And the guide member 3 loaded in the cylinder member 32
5, a liquid passage 36 is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 32 and the concave groove formed in the guide member 35, and a substance that binds to a specific substance to be detected in the liquid passage 36. This embodiment is different from the above embodiments in that it has a capturing member 37 carrying a cleaning liquid and a cleaning liquid passage 38 for supplying a cleaning liquid near the opening of the cylinder member 42 and a labeling liquid for supplying a labeling substance. When the sample liquid is sucked up from the nozzle 33 by forming the passage 39, each of these liquid passages is closed and the inside thereof is kept at a vacuum, which is a device suitable for automation.

【0053】図5に示す捕捉装置41は自動検出のため
のもので、シリンダ部材42の底部には液排出用の弁を
有する開口部43が、上部には液供給用の弁を有する開
口部44がそれぞれ設けられているので、開口部43の
弁を閉にして開口部44の弁を開いてシリンダ部材42
内に検体液を供給したのち、開口部44の弁を閉じてプ
ランジャー45を上下動させると、検体液はガイド部材
46とシリンダ部材42の内周壁との間に形成された微
小断面の液通路47を介してガイド部材46の下方のシ
リンダ部材42の底部とガイド部材46の上部のシリン
ダ部材42内を往復移動する。この往復移動の際、検体
液が液通路47に装着された捕捉部材48と接触し、液
中の特定物質が捕捉部材48にキャッチされる。
The capture device 41 shown in FIG. 5 is for automatic detection. An opening 43 having a liquid discharge valve is provided at the bottom of the cylinder member 42, and an opening having a liquid supply valve is provided at the top. 44 are provided, the valve of the opening 43 is closed, the valve of the opening 44 is opened, and the cylinder member 42 is opened.
When the plunger 45 is moved up and down after closing the valve of the opening 44 after supplying the sample liquid into the sample liquid, the sample liquid is a liquid having a minute cross section formed between the guide member 46 and the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member 42. It reciprocates through the passage 47 between the bottom of the cylinder member 42 below the guide member 46 and the cylinder member 42 above the guide member 46. During this reciprocation, the sample liquid comes into contact with the capturing member 48 attached to the liquid passage 47, and the specific substance in the liquid is caught by the capturing member 48.

【0054】捕捉部材48と検体液を数度強制的に接触
させたのちは、開口部43の弁を開いて検体液をシリン
ダ部材42から排出し、弁を開放した状態で洗浄液S1
をプランジャー45内に形成した経路を通じてシリンダ
部材42内に供給してシリンダ部材42内と捕捉部材4
8を洗浄する。ついで、標識液S2 を同様にシリンダ部
材42内に供給し、標識液を捕捉部材48とを接触させ
て複合体を形成させたのち、標識液の排出、洗浄剤S1
の注入による洗浄を行ったのち、CCDカメラ49によ
って捕捉部材48上に形成した複合体の標識物を検出測
定するもので、これら一連の作業はコンピュータによる
自動制御によって行う。
After the capturing member 48 and the sample liquid are forcibly brought into contact several times, the sample liquid is discharged from the cylinder member 42 by opening the valve of the opening 43, and the cleaning liquid S 1 is opened with the valve opened.
Is supplied to the inside of the cylinder member 42 through a path formed in the plunger 45, and
8 is washed. Then, after the labeling liquid S 2 is supplied to the similarly cylinder member 42, the labeled liquid contacting the capture member 48 to form a complex, the discharge of the indicator fluid, detergent S 1
After washing by injection of the compound, the marker of the complex formed on the capturing member 48 is detected and measured by the CCD camera 49, and a series of these operations are performed by automatic control by a computer.

【0055】図6に示す捕捉装置51は図5の捕捉装置
41と基本的に同一で、捕捉装置541がシリンダ部材
42に2つの開口部43,44を有するに対し、捕捉装
置51はシリンダ52には切換弁を有する開口部53が
1つのみである点においてのみ捕捉装置41と相違して
いる。すなわち、この捕捉装置51は開口部53の切換
弁を切り換えることによってシリンダ部材52内に検体
液を供給したり、シリンダ部材52から検体液を排出す
るもので、その他の操作は前記捕捉装置と同一である。
なお、図中55はプランジャー、56はガイド部材、5
7は液通路、58は捕捉部材、59はCCDカメラを示
す。
The catching device 51 shown in FIG. 6 is basically the same as the catching device 41 of FIG. 5. The catching device 541 has two openings 43 and 44 in the cylinder member 42, while the catching device 51 has a cylinder 52. Is different from the capturing device 41 only in that there is only one opening 53 having a switching valve. That is, the capture device 51 supplies the sample liquid to the cylinder member 52 by switching the switching valve of the opening 53 or discharges the sample liquid from the cylinder member 52, and other operations are the same as those of the capture device. It is.
In the drawing, 55 is a plunger, 56 is a guide member, 5
7 denotes a liquid passage, 58 denotes a capturing member, and 59 denotes a CCD camera.

【0056】なお、この発明の液中の特定物質の捕捉方
法及びその装置は、液中に微量でも特定物質が存在して
いれば、これを確実に捕捉部材上に捕捉、濃縮すること
ができるので、検体液中に多くの特定物質の存在を必要
としない。したがって、たとえば、生体から得た一つの
遺伝子や細菌を数個乃至十数個増幅させれば、当該遺伝
子や細菌を検体液中から捕捉して検出測定することがで
きるので、従来のように検出測定のために遺伝子や細菌
の増殖に要する時間を大幅に短縮させて効率的に検出測
定を行うことができる。
The method and apparatus for capturing a specific substance in a liquid according to the present invention can reliably capture and concentrate a specific substance even in a small amount in a liquid on a capturing member. Therefore, the presence of many specific substances in the sample liquid is not required. Therefore, for example, by amplifying several to several tens of one gene or bacterium obtained from a living body, the gene or bacterium can be captured and detected and measured from a sample solution. The detection and measurement can be performed efficiently by greatly reducing the time required for the propagation of genes and bacteria for the measurement.

【0057】[0057]

【発明の効果】この発明の液中の特定物質の捕捉方法
は、微小断面で構成された液通路内に液を強制的に流通
させ、該液通路内に配置した捕捉部材に液中の特定物質
を結合させることによって液中に微量でも特定物質が含
まれていれば、使用する液量が少なくても高感度でこれ
を捕捉することができる。
According to the method for trapping a specific substance in a liquid according to the present invention, the liquid is forcibly circulated in a liquid passage having a small cross section, and the liquid contained in the liquid is supplied to a trapping member disposed in the liquid passage. If a specific substance is contained in a liquid even in a very small amount by binding the substance, it can be captured with high sensitivity even if the amount of the liquid used is small.

【0058】特に、この発明の捕捉方法は、前記微小断
面の液通路に設けられる小さな捕捉部材によって反応の
場を小さくし、該捕捉部材に生ずる現象をミクロ的に観
察することによって計測時間の短縮と使用する試薬の減
少を図りながらμg/ml〜pg/mlの濃度範囲、特
に1pg/ml以下の微量な物質を高感度で捉えること
ができる。
In particular, according to the capturing method of the present invention, the reaction field is reduced by a small capturing member provided in the liquid passage having the minute cross section, and the measurement time can be reduced by observing the phenomenon occurring in the capturing member microscopically. And the amount of reagents used can be reduced, and a trace amount of substance in the concentration range of μg / ml to pg / ml, particularly 1 pg / ml or less, can be detected with high sensitivity.

【0059】この発明の特定物質の捕捉装置は、シリン
ダ部材とプランジャー及びシリンダ部材内に装填するガ
イド部材と、該ガイド部材に装填する捕捉部材とから構
成されたもので、捕捉部材には特定物質と結合する結合
物質を担持させているので、プランジャーを操作して極
小の液通路内に液を強制的に流通させ、この液を捕捉部
材と接触させて液中の特定物質を捕捉部材に結合させて
捕捉濃縮するので、液中に含まれる特定物質を高感度で
確実に捕捉できる。
The device for capturing a specific substance according to the present invention comprises a cylinder member, a plunger and a guide member loaded in the cylinder member, and a capture member loaded in the guide member. Since the binding substance that binds to the substance is carried, the plunger is operated to forcibly circulate the liquid in the extremely small liquid passage, and the liquid is brought into contact with the capturing member to capture the specific substance in the liquid. The specific substance contained in the liquid can be captured with high sensitivity and certainty.

【0060】特に、この捕捉装置は、構成部材が少な
く、組立が容易で、操作も簡単かつ容易であるので実用
性がきわめて高く、特定物質を捕捉反応させる捕捉部材
が極小であるので、使用する試薬の量を従前の装置に比
して大幅に減少させ、安価なコストで確実かつ迅速に、
極小の検体であっても検出を行うことができる。
In particular, this trapping device is used because it has few constituent members, is easy to assemble, is easy and easy to operate, and is very practical, and the trapping member for trapping and reacting a specific substance is extremely small. Reducing the amount of reagents significantly compared to previous devices, ensuring reliable and quick inexpensive costs
Even a very small sample can be detected.

【0061】この発明の特定物質の捕捉方法を利用した
検出方法は、微小断面の液通路に特定物質を結合させる
結合物質を担持した捕捉部材を配し、該捕捉部材によっ
て特定物質を捕捉したのち、該特定物質と反応する標識
された標識物質を捕捉部材に接触させて免疫複合体や2
本鎖の核酸などを形成させ、この標識物を捕捉部材上で
検出測定するので、短時間に高い計測感度で検出測定す
ることができる。
According to the detection method using the method for capturing a specific substance of the present invention, a capture member carrying a binding substance for binding the specific substance is disposed in a liquid passage having a minute cross section, and after the specific substance is captured by the capture member. Contacting a labeled substance that reacts with the specific substance with a capture member,
Since a main-strand nucleic acid or the like is formed and the label is detected and measured on the capture member, the detection and measurement can be performed in a short time with high measurement sensitivity.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】この発明の捕捉装置の一例を示す一部切欠斜視
図である。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a capturing device of the present invention.

【図2】図1に示す捕捉装置の縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the capturing device shown in FIG.

【図3】この発明の捕捉装置の他の例を示す一部切欠斜
視図である。
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of the capturing device of the present invention.

【図4】この発明の捕捉装置のさらに他の例を示す要部
の縦断面図である。
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing still another example of the capturing device of the present invention.

【図5】自動化のための捕捉装置の一例を示す概略説明
図である。
FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of a capturing device for automation.

【図6】自動化のための捕捉装置の他の例を示す概略説
明図である。
FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view showing another example of a capturing device for automation.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 検体の検出装置 2 シリンダ 3 ノズル 4 挿入部 7 液通路 10 捕捉部材 11 プランジャー 12 プランジャーの頭部 14 洗浄液通路 15 標識液通路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sample detection apparatus 2 Cylinder 3 Nozzle 4 Insertion part 7 Liquid passage 10 Capture member 11 Plunger 12 Plunger head 14 Washing liquid passage 15 Marking liquid passage

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 金井 雅弘 東京都墨田区業平5丁目1番12号 オーベ クス株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Masahiro Kanai 5-1-112, Nippondaira, Sumida-ku, Tokyo Inside Aubex Corporation

Claims (9)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 微小の断面で構成された液通路内に液体
を強制的に流通させることによって該液通路内に配置し
た捕捉部材と接触させ、該捕捉部材に液中の特定物質を
結合させて捕捉することを特徴とする液中に含まれる特
定物質の捕捉方法。
A liquid is forcibly circulated through a liquid passage having a small cross section to come into contact with a trapping member disposed in the liquid passage, thereby binding a specific substance in the liquid to the trapping member. And capturing the specific substance contained in the liquid.
【請求項2】 前記液通路への液体の強制的な流通は、
前記液通路内に設けた捕捉部材に液体を一回通過させる
ことによって行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の捕
捉方法。
2. The forcible flow of liquid through the liquid passage is as follows:
The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed by passing the liquid once through a capturing member provided in the liquid passage.
【請求項3】 前記液通路への液体の強制的な流通は、
前記液通路内に設けた捕捉部材に液体を繰り返し通過さ
せることによって行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載
の捕捉方法。
3. The forcible flow of the liquid into the liquid passage includes:
The capturing method according to claim 1, wherein the capturing is performed by repeatedly passing the liquid through a capturing member provided in the liquid passage.
【請求項4】 前記捕捉部材は、捕捉せんとする物質と
結合する抗体又は抗原、もしくは核酸を担持させたもの
であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の捕捉方法。
4. The capturing method according to claim 1, wherein the capturing member carries an antibody, an antigen, or a nucleic acid that binds to a substance to be captured.
【請求項5】 液体を供給又は/及び排出するための開
口部を備えたシリンダ部材と、該シリンダ部材の内周壁
に沿って摺接移動するプランジャー部材と、前記開口部
と連通し、かつシリンダ部材の内周壁との間に微小断面
の液通路を形成しうるガイド部材と、該液通路内に配置
され液中の特定物質を結合させて捕捉するための結合物
質を担持させた捕捉部材とからなることを特徴とする特
定物質の捕捉装置。
5. A cylinder member having an opening for supplying and / or discharging a liquid, a plunger member slidingly moving along an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member, and communicating with the opening, and A guide member capable of forming a liquid passage having a minute cross section with the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder member, and a capturing member disposed in the liquid passage and carrying a binding substance for binding and capturing a specific substance in the liquid An apparatus for capturing a specific substance, comprising:
【請求項6】 前記プランジャーは、前記シリンダ部材
内の液体と隔絶されて無接触の状態で作動するものであ
ることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の捕捉装置。
6. The capturing device according to claim 5, wherein the plunger operates in a non-contact state while being isolated from the liquid in the cylinder member.
【請求項7】 前記捕捉部材は、前記シリンダ部材内に
形成される液通路に所要の間隔を存して複数配置され、
液中から異なった特定物質を捕捉できるようそれぞれ担
持する物質が異なったものであることを特徴とする請求
項5に記載の捕捉装置。
7. A plurality of the capturing members are arranged at a predetermined interval in a liquid passage formed in the cylinder member,
6. The capturing device according to claim 5, wherein the substances to be supported are different so that different specific substances can be captured from the liquid.
【請求項8】 微小の断面で構成された液通路内に液体
を強制的に流通させることによって該液通路内に配置し
た捕捉部材と接触させ、該捕捉部材に液中の特定物質を
結合させて捕捉したのち、前記捕捉部材に捕捉した特定
物質と、当該特定物質と結合する標識物質とを反応させ
ることを特徴とする液中の特定物質の検出方法。
8. A liquid is forcibly circulated in a liquid passage having a small cross section to come into contact with a trapping member disposed in the liquid passage, and to bind a specific substance in the liquid to the trapping member. And c. Reacting the specific substance captured by the capturing member with a labeling substance that binds to the specific substance.
【請求項9】 前記特定物質の捕捉は、液体を捕捉部材
に強制的に流通させて捕捉部材に目的とする特定物質を
結合させたのち、該捕捉部材を洗浄し、さらに捕捉部材
に標識物質を接触させて複合体を形成せしめ、捕捉部材
の洗浄後、捕捉部材に結合した標識物を検出することを
特徴とする請求項8記載の液中の特定物質の検出方法。
9. The capturing of the specific substance is carried out by forcibly flowing a liquid through the capturing member and binding the target specific substance to the capturing member, and then washing the capturing member. The method for detecting a specific substance in a liquid according to claim 8, wherein a contact is caused to form a complex, and after washing the capture member, a label bound to the capture member is detected.
JP13988097A 1997-05-29 1997-05-29 Method and device for capturing specific substance contained in liquid and method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the method Pending JPH10332687A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13988097A JPH10332687A (en) 1997-05-29 1997-05-29 Method and device for capturing specific substance contained in liquid and method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13988097A JPH10332687A (en) 1997-05-29 1997-05-29 Method and device for capturing specific substance contained in liquid and method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10332687A true JPH10332687A (en) 1998-12-18

Family

ID=15255731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13988097A Pending JPH10332687A (en) 1997-05-29 1997-05-29 Method and device for capturing specific substance contained in liquid and method for detecting the specific substance utilizing the method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH10332687A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000042410A1 (en) * 1999-01-18 2000-07-20 Precision System Science Co., Ltd. Concentration device using magnetic particles and method therefor
CN113711051A (en) * 2019-04-16 2021-11-26 结盟遗传学有限公司 Analyte collecting device, analyte collecting method using same, and analyte detecting system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000042410A1 (en) * 1999-01-18 2000-07-20 Precision System Science Co., Ltd. Concentration device using magnetic particles and method therefor
US6723237B1 (en) * 1999-01-18 2004-04-20 Precision Systems Science Co., Ltd. Concentration device using magnetic particles and method therefor
US6998055B2 (en) 1999-01-18 2006-02-14 Precision System Science Co., Ltd. Concentration device using magnetic particles and method therefor
JP4643008B2 (en) * 1999-01-18 2011-03-02 プレシジョン・システム・サイエンス株式会社 Concentration apparatus and method using magnetic particles
CN113711051A (en) * 2019-04-16 2021-11-26 结盟遗传学有限公司 Analyte collecting device, analyte collecting method using same, and analyte detecting system

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