JPH10280258A - Nonwoven fabric and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water-absorbing nonwoven fabric rich in durability to abrasion and washing by subjecting a nonwoven web comprising a splittable type conjugated short fiber and a short fiber having water absorbing property to high pressure water stream treatment and hot pressing treatment. SOLUTION: A splittable type bicomponent conjugated short fiber comprising a fiber-forming low melting point polymer such as polyethylene and a fiber- forming high melting point polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate which is incompatible to the low melting point polymer and having melting point higher by 30-180 deg.C than that of the low melting point polymer is compounded with 30-70 wt.% short fiber having water absorbing property, e.g. natural fiber such as cotton and regenerated fiber and treated with a carding machine to form a nonwoven web. Then, the nonwoven web is subjected to high pressure fluid treatment. Thereby, the above conjugate short fiber is split to develop an ultrafine short fiber having <=0.8 de single fiber fineness and constitutional fibers are three-dimensionally interlaced and then, partially subjected to heat pressing with a heat emboss roll, etc., to provide the objective nonwoven fabric.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、短繊維不織布に関
するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a short fiber nonwoven fabric.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】短繊維不織布として、高圧液体流の作用
により構成繊維同士が三次元的交絡したいわゆるスパン
レース不織布が挙げられる。この不織布は、柔軟性に優
れているため各種の用途に用いられており、素材として
は、各種用途に応じて天然繊維や合成繊維等が用いられ
ている。しかし、スパンレース不織布は、繊維同士の結
合が交絡によってのみなされたものであるため、引っ張
り、摩擦に対して容易に変形し、形態安定性の面におい
ては十分に優れているとはいいがたいものである。2. Description of the Related Art As a short fiber nonwoven fabric, there is a so-called spunlace nonwoven fabric in which constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled by the action of a high-pressure liquid flow. This nonwoven fabric is used for various applications because of its excellent flexibility, and natural fibers, synthetic fibers, and the like are used as materials according to various applications. However, the spun lace nonwoven fabric is one in which the bonding between fibers is determined by entanglement, so that it is easily deformed against tension and friction, and it is difficult to say that it is sufficiently excellent in terms of form stability. Things.

【０００３】また、合成繊維単独または合成繊維と天然
繊維とを混綿してなる不織ウエブに、部分熱圧着処理が
施されて不織布化された短繊維不織布も挙げられる。こ
の不織布は、スパンレース不織布に比べて寸法安定性や
機械的強力には優れる。しかし、互いに相溶性のない素
材が複数種混綿されているため、熱圧着部における繊維
同士の接着が強固とならなず、表面摩擦力等の外力が加
わった場合に繊維の抜けによる毛羽が発生し、耐摩耗性
には十分に優れているとはいいがたいものである。[0003] Also, there is a short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained by subjecting a nonwoven web made of synthetic fibers alone or a mixture of synthetic fibers and natural fibers to a nonwoven fabric by performing a partial thermocompression treatment. This nonwoven fabric has excellent dimensional stability and mechanical strength as compared with spunlace nonwoven fabric. However, since multiple types of materials that are incompatible with each other are mixed, the adhesion between the fibers in the thermocompression bonding part does not become strong, and when external force such as surface friction force is applied, fluff occurs due to fiber detachment However, it is difficult to say that the abrasion resistance is sufficiently excellent.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は前記問題を解
決し、機械的強力、耐摩耗性および寸法安定性に優れ、
かつ吸水性を併せもつ不織布を提供することを目的とす
るものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems and has excellent mechanical strength, abrasion resistance and dimensional stability.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a nonwoven fabric having both water absorbency.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記目的を達
成するもので次の構成よりなるものである。すなわち、
本発明は、繊維形成性低融点重合体と前記低融点重合体
に対し非相溶性でかつ前記低融点重合体の融点より３０
〜１８０℃高い融点を有する繊維形成性高融点重合体と
からなる分割型二成分系複合短繊維の分割により発現し
た前記低融点重合体および／または前記高融点重合体か
らなる極細割繊短繊維と、吸水性を有する短繊維とから
なる不織布であり、前記構成繊維同士が三次元的に交絡
し、かつ、不織布が部分的に熱圧着されていることを特
徴とする不織布を要旨とするものである。The present invention attains the above object and has the following constitution. That is,
The present invention provides a fiber-forming low-melting polymer which is incompatible with the low-melting polymer and has a melting point lower than the melting point of the low-melting polymer by 30%.
The low-melting polymer and / or the ultrafine splitting short fiber comprising the high-melting polymer developed by splitting a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber comprising a fiber-forming high-melting polymer having a melting point higher by 180 ° C. And a nonwoven fabric comprising water-absorbing short fibers, wherein the constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled, and the nonwoven fabric is partially thermocompression-bonded. It is.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明の実施の態様】次に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明に使用する分割型二成分系複合短繊維につ
いて説明する。該分割型二成分系複合短繊維は、繊維形
成性低融点重合体と、前記低融点重合体に対し非相溶性
の繊維形成性高融点重合体とからなるものである。前記
低融点重合体と前記高融点重合体とが互いに非相溶性で
あるのは、複合短繊維に衝撃を与えたときに分割しやす
いようにするためである。Next, the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers used in the present invention will be described. The splittable two-component conjugate short fiber is composed of a fiber-forming low-melting polymer and a fiber-forming high-melting polymer that is incompatible with the low-melting polymer. The reason that the low-melting polymer and the high-melting polymer are incompatible with each other is to make it easy to split the composite short fiber when an impact is applied.

【０００７】分割型二成分系複合短繊維の繊維形成性高
融点重合体の融点は繊維形成性低融点重合体の融点より
３０〜１８０℃高くなければならない。両者の融点差が
３０℃未満であると、部分熱圧着装置を用いて熱圧着処
理する際に、低融点重合体のみでなく高融点重合体も軟
化溶融することとなり、柔軟性を有する不織布が得られ
ないこととなり、例えば、人体に接して用いる用途等に
おいては、ソフト感の乏しいものとなり好ましくない。
一方、融点差が１８０℃を超えると、両重合体を溶融複
合紡糸する際に低融点重合体が熱劣化を起こしやすく、
現実的に複合短繊維を製造しにくくなるため好ましくな
い。[0007] The melting point of the fiber-forming high melting point polymer of the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers must be 30 to 180 ° C higher than the melting point of the fiber-forming low melting point polymer. When the difference in melting point between the two is less than 30 ° C., when performing thermocompression bonding using a partial thermocompression bonding apparatus, not only the low-melting polymer but also the high-melting polymer is softened and melted. Therefore, for example, in applications where the device is used in contact with the human body, the soft feeling is poor, which is not preferable.
On the other hand, when the difference in melting point exceeds 180 ° C., when the both polymers are melt-spun, the low-melting-point polymer tends to undergo thermal deterioration,
It is not preferable because it is practically difficult to produce a conjugate short fiber.

【０００８】分割型二成分系複合短繊維の具体例として
は、図１〜図４に示した如き横断面を持つものが好まし
い。これらは、繊維形成性低融点重合体および繊維形成
性高融点重合体の両成分が共に繊維の表面に露出してお
り、かつ繊維の断面内において、一方の成分が他方の成
分により分割割繊可能な形に仕切られているものであ
る。As a specific example of the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers, those having a cross section as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are preferable. In these, both components of the fiber-forming low-melting polymer and the fiber-forming high-melting polymer are both exposed on the surface of the fiber, and in the cross section of the fiber, one component is split by the other component. It is divided into possible forms.

【０００９】分割型二成分系複合短繊維の繊維形成性高
融点重合体と繊維形成性低融点重合体の比率は、３５／
６５〜６５／３５（重量比）の範囲とするのがよい。柔
軟性に優れる不織布を得たい場合は、熱融着成分となる
低融点重合体の配合比を３５〜５０重量％の範囲とすれ
ばよく、また、形態安定性や耐摩耗性に優れる不織布を
得たい場合は、低融点重合体の配合比を５０〜６５重量
％の範囲とすればよい。高融点重合体と低融点重合体の
比率は、目的とする不織布の用途等を考慮し適宜選択す
ればよい。The ratio of the fiber-forming high-melting polymer to the fiber-forming low-melting polymer of the split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers is 35 /
It is better to be in the range of 65 to 65/35 (weight ratio). When it is desired to obtain a nonwoven fabric having excellent flexibility, the compounding ratio of the low melting point polymer serving as the heat-sealing component may be in the range of 35 to 50% by weight, and a nonwoven fabric having excellent shape stability and abrasion resistance may be obtained. If desired, the blending ratio of the low melting point polymer may be in the range of 50 to 65% by weight. The ratio of the high melting point polymer to the low melting point polymer may be appropriately selected in consideration of the intended use of the nonwoven fabric and the like.

【００１０】分割型二成分系複合短繊維の単糸繊度は、
１〜１２デニールであることが好ましい。単糸繊度が１
デニール未満になると、溶融紡糸する際の紡糸口金の単
孔当たりの吐出量が低下し、生産量が低下する傾向にあ
り、また、生産量を向上させるために、紡糸口金の孔数
を増加させると、紡糸工程が不安定になる。一方、単糸
繊度が１２デニールを超えると、溶融紡糸された糸条の
冷却不足により引き取りが困難になる傾向にあり、ま
た、糸条の冷却を促進させるため、紡糸口金の孔数を減
らすと、生産量が低下する。The single yarn fineness of the split type bicomponent conjugate short fiber is as follows:
Preferably it is 1 to 12 denier. Single yarn fineness is 1
When it is less than denier, the discharge amount per single hole of the spinneret during melt spinning is reduced, and the production amount tends to decrease, and in order to improve the production amount, the number of holes in the spinneret is increased. Then, the spinning process becomes unstable. On the other hand, if the single yarn fineness exceeds 12 denier, it tends to be difficult to take off due to insufficient cooling of the melt-spun yarn, and to promote the cooling of the yarn, the number of holes in the spinneret is reduced. , The production volume decreases.

【００１１】分割型二成分系複合短繊維は、後の分割割
繊処理により、低融点重合体と高融点重合体との境界で
分割され、低融点重合体からなる極細割繊短繊維及び高
融点重合体からなる極細割繊短繊維が少なくとも一部発
現する。本発明において、少なくとも一部発現する極細
割繊短繊維の単糸繊度は、０．８デニール以下が好まし
く、より好ましくは０．０５〜０．８デニール、さらに
好ましくは０．１〜０．５デニールである。単糸繊度が
０．０５デニール未満であると、現実的に紡糸が困難と
なり分割型二成分系複合短繊維が安価で合理的に得にく
い。また、十分に分割割繊を行うことが困難となる傾向
にある。一方、０．８デニールを超えると、得られた不
織布は、本発明が目的とする構成繊維同士が緻密に絡み
合った、表面平滑な不織布が得られず、不織布に粗硬感
が発生する傾向にある。The splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers are split at the boundary between the low-melting polymer and the high-melting polymer by the split splitting process to be performed. At least a part of ultrafine split short fibers made of a polymer having a melting point is exhibited. In the present invention, the single-fiber fineness of the ultrafine split short fibers expressed at least partially is preferably 0.8 denier or less, more preferably 0.05 to 0.8 denier, and still more preferably 0.1 to 0.5. Denier. If the single-fiber fineness is less than 0.05 denier, spinning is practically difficult, and it is difficult to obtain a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber at a reasonable cost. In addition, there is a tendency that it is difficult to sufficiently perform split splitting. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.8 denier, the obtained nonwoven fabric has a tendency that the constituent fibers aimed at by the present invention are densely entangled, a nonwoven fabric having a smooth surface cannot be obtained, and the nonwoven fabric tends to have a coarse hard feeling. is there.

【００１２】本発明において、分割型二成分系複合短繊
維を構成する低融点重合体と高融点重合体との組み合わ
せとしては、ポリオレフイン／ポリアミド、ポリオレフ
イン／ポリエステル、ポリアミド／ポリエステル等が挙
げられるが、これらは代表例であって他の各種の組み合
わせも任意に採用される。In the present invention, examples of the combination of the low melting point polymer and the high melting point polymer constituting the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber include polyolefin / polyamide, polyolefin / polyester, polyamide / polyester, etc. These are typical examples, and other various combinations are also arbitrarily adopted.

【００１３】本発明に使用しうる繊維形成性ポリオレフ
イン系重合体の例としては、炭素原子数が２〜１６の脂
肪族α−モノオレフイン、例えばエチレン、プロピレ
ン、１−ブテン、１−ペンテン，３−メチル１−ブテ
ン、１−ヘキセン、１−オクテン、１−ドデセン、１−
オクタデセンのホモポリオレフイン又は共重合ポリオレ
フインがある。脂肪族α−モノオレフインは他のオレフ
イン及び／又は少量（重合体重量の約１０重量％まで）
の他のエチレン系不飽和モノマー、例えばブタジエン、
イソプレン、ペンタジエン−１，３、スチレン、α−メ
チルスチレンの如き類似のエチレン系不飽和モノマ−と
共重合されていてもよい。特にポリエチレンの場合、重
合体重量の約１０重量％までのプロピレン、ブテン−
１、ヘキセン−１、オクテン−１又は類似の高級α−オ
レフインと共重合させたものが製糸性がよくなるため好
ましい。Examples of the fiber-forming polyolefin polymer which can be used in the present invention include aliphatic α-monoolefins having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 3. -Methyl 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-dodecene, 1-
There is a homopolyolefin or a copolymerized polyolefin of octadecene. Aliphatic α-monoolefins may contain other olefins and / or small amounts (up to about 10% by weight of polymer weight)
Other ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as butadiene,
It may be copolymerized with similar ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as isoprene, pentadiene-1,3, styrene and α-methylstyrene. Especially in the case of polyethylene, up to about 10% by weight of the polymer weight of propylene, butene-
Those copolymerized with 1, hexene-1, octene-1 or a similar higher α-olefin are preferred because of improved spinning properties.

【００１４】本発明に使用しうる繊維形成性ポリアミド
系重合体の例としては、ナイロン−４、ナイロン−４
６、ナイロン−６、ナイロン−６６、ナイロン−６１
０、ナイロン−１１、ナイロン−１２やポリメタキシレ
ンアジパミド（ＭＸＤ−６）、ポリパラキシレンデカン
アミド（ＰＸＤ−１２）、ポリビスシクロヘキシルメタ
ンデカンアミド（ＰＣＭ−１２）又はこれらのモノマー
を構成単位とする共重合ポリアミドがある。本発明に使
用しうる繊維形成性ポリエステル系重合体の例として
は、酸成分としてテレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、フタル
酸、２，６−ナフタレンジカルボン酸等の芳香族ジカル
ボン酸もしくはアジピン酸、セバシン酸などの脂肪族ジ
カルボン酸またはこれらのエステル類と、アルコール成
分としてエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、
１，４−ブタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、
１，４−シクロヘキサンジメタノール等のジオール化合
物とから合成されるホモポリエステルないしは共重合ポ
リエステルであり、上記ポリエステルにパラオキシ安息
香酸、５−ナトリウムスルフオイソフタール酸、ポリア
ルキレングリコール、ペンタエリスリトール、ビスフエ
ノールＡ等が添加あるいは共重合されていてもよい。Examples of the fiber-forming polyamide polymer usable in the present invention include nylon-4 and nylon-4.
6, Nylon-6, Nylon-66, Nylon-61
0, nylon-11, nylon-12, polymetaxylene adipamide (MXD-6), polyparaxylenedecaneamide (PXD-12), polybiscyclohexylmethanedecaneamide (PCM-12) or a monomer of these There is a copolyamide as a unit. Examples of fiber-forming polyester polymers that can be used in the present invention include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid or adipic acid, sebacic acid and the like as an acid component. Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof, and alcohol components as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,
1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol,
A homopolyester or a copolymerized polyester synthesized from a diol compound such as 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and the above-mentioned polyesters include paraoxybenzoic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, polyalkylene glycol, pentaerythritol, bisphenol A or the like may be added or copolymerized.

【００１５】その他の繊維形成性重合体の例としては、
例えばビニル系重合体が用いられ、具体的にはポリビニ
ルアルコール、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリアクリル酸エステ
ル、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポ
リ塩化ビニリデン、または、これらの共重合体が用いら
れる。また、ポリフエニレン系重合体またはその共重合
体を使用することもできる。Examples of other fiber-forming polymers include:
For example, a vinyl polymer is used, and specifically, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, or a copolymer thereof is used. . Further, a polyphenylene-based polymer or a copolymer thereof can also be used.

【００１６】なお、繊維形成性低融点重合体、繊維形成
性高融点重合体には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内
で、艶消し剤、顔料、防炎剤、消臭剤、帯電防止剤、酸
化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤等の任意の添加物が添加されて
いてもよい。The fiber-forming low-melting polymer and the fiber-forming high-melting polymer include a matting agent, a pigment, a flame retardant, a deodorant, an antistatic agent as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Optional additives such as an agent, an antioxidant, and an ultraviolet absorber may be added.

【００１７】分割型二成分系複合短繊維は、一般に以下
の如き方法で製造される。すなわち、従来公知の溶融複
合紡糸法で紡糸され、横吹付や環状吹付等の従来公知の
冷却装置を用いて、吹付風により冷却された後、油剤を
付与し引き取りローラーを介して未延伸糸として巻取機
に巻取られる。引き取りローラー速度は５００ｍ／分〜
２０００ｍ／分である。巻取られた未延伸糸を複数本引
き揃え、公知の延伸機にて周速の異なるローラー群の間
で延伸される。次いで、前記延伸トウを押し込み式捲縮
付与装置にて捲縮を付与した後、所定の繊維長に切断し
て短繊維を得ることができる。なお、要求される用途に
より延伸トウに素材の融点以下の温度で熱セットを施し
てもよい。The split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers are generally produced by the following method. That is, spun by a conventionally known melt composite spinning method, using a conventionally known cooling device such as horizontal spraying or annular spraying, and cooled by spraying wind, applying an oil agent, and as an undrawn yarn through a take-off roller. It is wound on a winder. Pickup roller speed is 500m / min ~
2000 m / min. A plurality of wound undrawn yarns are aligned and drawn between a group of rollers having different peripheral speeds by a known drawing machine. Next, the drawn tow is crimped by a press-type crimping device, and then cut into a predetermined fiber length to obtain short fibers. The stretch tow may be subjected to heat setting at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the material depending on the required use.

【００１８】次に、本発明に用いる吸水性を有する短繊
維について説明する。吸水性を有する短繊維としては、
特に公定水分率が５％以上の繊維を用いることが好まし
い。公定水分率が５％以上の繊維としては、天然繊維と
して木綿、麻、羊毛、短繊維状に裁断されたシルク繊
維、再生繊維としてビスコースレーヨン、銅アンモニア
レーヨン、溶剤紡糸されたレーヨン等が有効に用いられ
る。また、公定水分が５％以上のビニロン繊維、アクリ
ル繊維等の合成繊維を用いることも可能である。本発明
の不織布は、吸水性を有する短繊維として、前述したも
のが１種または２種以上混綿されたものであってもよ
い。Next, the water-absorbing short fibers used in the present invention will be described. As short fibers having water absorption,
In particular, it is preferable to use fibers having an official moisture content of 5% or more. Effective fibers having an official moisture content of 5% or more include cotton, hemp, wool, silk fibers cut into short fibers as natural fibers, and viscose rayon, copper ammonia rayon, and solvent-spun rayon as recycled fibers. Used for It is also possible to use synthetic fibers such as vinylon fibers and acrylic fibers having an official moisture of 5% or more. The nonwoven fabric of the present invention may be one obtained by mixing one or two or more of the above-mentioned short fibers having water absorbency.

【００１９】本発明の不織布は、吸水性を有する短繊維
が３０〜７０重量％の割合で混綿されていることが好ま
しい。吸水性を有する短繊維が３０重量％未満では、得
られる不織布は吸水性に劣る傾向となる。このような不
織布を、例えば、衣服等に用いた際、吸湿性が乏しいた
め、吸汗性のない衣服となり、またワイパー等に用いた
際、水分の拭き取り性に劣る傾向のものとなる。一方、
吸水性を有する短繊維が７０重量％を超えると、吸水性
は十分な不織布が構成されるものの、極細割繊短繊維量
が少なくなり、構成繊維同士の緻密な交絡が期待できに
くい。よって不織布は、通気性が多大となり保温効果の
低下、またフイルターや清拭材等に用いた際、粉塵の捕
集性、ほこりの捕集性が乏しい傾向のものとなる。The nonwoven fabric of the present invention preferably contains 30 to 70% by weight of water-absorbing short fibers. If the water-absorbing short fibers are less than 30% by weight, the resulting nonwoven fabric tends to be poor in water absorption. For example, when such a nonwoven fabric is used for clothes and the like, it has poor hygroscopicity, so that the garment has no sweat absorption. When used for wipers and the like, it tends to have poor moisture wiping properties. on the other hand,
If the water-absorbing short fibers exceed 70% by weight, a nonwoven fabric having sufficient water absorption is formed, but the amount of ultrafine split short fibers is reduced, and it is difficult to expect dense entanglement between the constituent fibers. Therefore, the nonwoven fabric tends to have a large air permeability and a low heat retention effect, and tends to have poor dust collecting ability and dust collecting ability when used as a filter or a wiping material.

【００２０】本発明の不織布の目付は、２０〜１５０ｇ
／ｍ² の範囲であることが好ましい。目付が２０ｇ／ｍ
² 未満であると、不織布の地合に劣るものとなり、また
不織布の形態安定性、寸法安定性が乏しくなる傾向とな
る。一方、目付が１５０ｇ／ｍ² を超えると、構成繊維
同士を三次元的に交絡させるための高圧液体流処理の加
工エネルギーが多大となるため経済的に好ましくなく、
また、場合によっては不織布の内層において繊維相互に
十分な交絡がなされず機械的強度の低い不織布となる傾
向にある。The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is 20 to 150 g.
/ M ² . The basis weight is 20 g / m
^If it is less than ² , the formation of the nonwoven fabric is inferior, and the morphological stability and dimensional stability of the nonwoven fabric tend to be poor. On the other hand, if the basis weight exceeds 150 g / m ² , the processing energy of the high-pressure liquid flow treatment for three-dimensionally entangled the constituent fibers becomes large, which is not economically preferable.
Further, in some cases, the fibers are not sufficiently entangled with each other in the inner layer of the nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric tends to have a low mechanical strength.

【００２１】次に、本発明の不織布の製造方法に関して
説明する。本発明では、まず、分割型二成分系複合短繊
維と吸水性を有する短繊維とを（好ましくは７０／３０
〜３０／７０重量％の混綿率で）混綿し、カード法やエ
アレイ法等を用いて所定の目付の不織ウエブを作製する
ことができる。カード機によりカーデイングして所定目
付の不織ウエブを作成する。カード法ではカ−ド機を用
いて、構成繊維の配列度合を不織布の用途等に合わせて
種々選択することができる。例えば、衣料用として用い
る場合には，不織布としての強力において、縦／横の強
力比が概ね１：１となる不織ウエブを用いるとよい。不
織ウエブの構成繊維の配列パターンとしては、構成繊維
が一方向に配列したパラレルウエブ、パラレルウエブが
クロスレイドされたウエブ、構成繊維がランダムに配列
したランダムウエブあるいは両者の中程度に配列したセ
ミランダムウエブ等が挙げられる。Next, the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, first, a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber and a water-absorbing short fiber (preferably 70/30
Non-woven web having a predetermined basis weight can be produced by using a carding method, an air-laying method, or the like. The carding machine is used to create a nonwoven web with a predetermined basis weight. In the card method, a carding machine can be used to variously select the degree of arrangement of the constituent fibers according to the use of the nonwoven fabric. For example, when used for clothing, it is preferable to use a nonwoven web having a strength ratio of about 1: 1 in the length / width direction in the strength as a nonwoven fabric. As the arrangement pattern of the constituent fibers of the non-woven web, a parallel web in which the constituent fibers are arranged in one direction, a web in which the parallel webs are cross-laid, a random web in which the constituent fibers are randomly arranged, or a semi-structure in which both are moderately arranged. A random web etc. are mentioned.

【００２２】次に、得られた不織ウエブに高圧液体流処
理を施して、分割型二成分系複合短繊維を分割させて繊
維形成性低融点重合体および／または繊維形成性高融点
重合体からなる極細割繊短繊維を少なくとも発現させる
と共に構成繊維同士を三次元的に交絡させる。ここでい
う三次元的な交絡とは、不織ウエブを構成している繊維
相互間が不織布の縦／横の方向のみでなく不織布の厚み
方向に対しても交絡し、一体化した構造を有しているこ
とをいう。Next, the obtained nonwoven web is subjected to a high-pressure liquid flow treatment to split the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers to obtain a fiber-forming low-melting polymer and / or a fiber-forming high-melting polymer. At least, and the constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled with each other. The three-dimensional confounding referred to herein means that the fibers constituting the nonwoven web are entangled not only in the vertical / horizontal direction of the nonwoven fabric but also in the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric, and have an integrated structure. What you do.

【００２３】高圧液体流処理について説明する。処理を
施すための高圧液体流装置としては、例えば、孔径が
０．０５〜１．５ｍｍ、特に０．１〜０．４ｍｍの噴射
孔を孔間隔０．０５〜５ｍｍで一列あるいは複数列に多
数配列した装置を用いる。噴射孔から高圧力で噴射させ
て得られる水流すなわち高圧液体流を噴射し、多孔性支
持部材上に載置した不織ウエブに衝突させる。分割型二
成分系複合短繊維は、高圧液体流による衝撃によって、
極細割繊短繊維を発現し、かつ構成繊維同士が三次元的
に交絡一体化する。このとき、繊維同士の交絡は、極細
割繊短繊維の発現により緻密で強固なものとなり、柔軟
で表面平滑な不織布が得られる。The high-pressure liquid flow processing will be described. As a high-pressure liquid flow device for performing the treatment, for example, a large number of injection holes having a hole diameter of 0.05 to 1.5 mm, particularly 0.1 to 0.4 mm are arranged in a line or a plurality of lines at a hole interval of 0.05 to 5 mm. Use an arrayed device. A water stream, ie, a high-pressure liquid stream obtained by jetting at a high pressure from the jet holes is jetted, and collides with a nonwoven web placed on a porous support member. Split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers are impacted by high pressure liquid flow,
Ultrafine split short fibers are developed, and the constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled and integrated. At this time, the entanglement of the fibers becomes dense and strong due to the expression of the ultrafine split short fibers, and a soft nonwoven fabric having a smooth surface is obtained.

【００２４】噴射孔の配列は、不織ウエブの進行方向と
直行する方向に列状に配列する。高圧液体流としては、
常温あるいは温水を用いることができる。噴射孔と不織
ウエブとの間の距離は、１０〜１５０ｍｍとするのが良
い。この距離が１０ｍｍ未満であると、この処理により
得られる不織布の地合が乱れ、一方、この距離が１５０
ｍｍを超えると液体流が不織ウエブに衝突したときの衝
撃力が低下して分割割繊及び交絡一体化が十分に施され
ない傾向にある。The arrangement of the injection holes is arranged in a row in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the nonwoven web. As a high pressure liquid flow,
Room temperature or hot water can be used. The distance between the injection holes and the nonwoven web is preferably between 10 and 150 mm. If this distance is less than 10 mm, the formation of the nonwoven fabric obtained by this treatment is disturbed, while the distance is 150 mm.
If it exceeds mm, the impact force when the liquid stream collides with the nonwoven web tends to decrease, and the split splitting and entanglement integration tend not to be sufficiently performed.

【００２５】この高圧液体流の処理圧力は、製造方法お
よび不織布の要求性能によって制御されるが、一般的に
は、２０〜２００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇの高圧液体流を噴出す
るのが良い。なお、処理する不織ウエブの目付等にも左
右されるが、前記処理圧力の範囲内において、処理圧力
が低いと嵩高で柔軟性に優れた不織布を得ることがで
き、処理圧力が高いと構成繊維同士の交絡が緻密でフイ
ルター性能に優れた不織布を得ることができる。高圧液
体流の圧力が２０ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇ未満であると、分割割
繊及び交絡一体化が十分に施されず、本発明が目的とす
る不織布を得ることができない。但し、本発明の不織布
には、分割型二成分系複合短繊維が十分に分割されず一
部残存するものも包含される。逆に、高圧液体流の圧力
が２００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇを超えると水圧による打撃によ
り、極端な場合には、構成繊維が切断されて、得られる
不織布は表面に毛羽を有するものとなる傾向にあり好ま
しくない。The processing pressure of the high-pressure liquid flow is controlled by the production method and the required performance of the nonwoven fabric, but generally, a high-pressure liquid flow of 20 to 200 kg / cm ² G is preferably ejected. In addition, depending on the basis weight of the nonwoven web to be treated, etc., within the range of the treatment pressure, it is possible to obtain a nonwoven fabric which is bulky and excellent in flexibility when the treatment pressure is low, and is constituted when the treatment pressure is high. It is possible to obtain a nonwoven fabric in which the entanglement of the fibers is dense and the filter performance is excellent. If the pressure of the high-pressure liquid flow is less than 20 kg / cm ² G, split splitting and entanglement unification are not sufficiently performed, and the nonwoven fabric targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained. However, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention also includes nonwoven fabrics in which split bicomponent conjugate short fibers are not sufficiently split and partially remain. Conversely, if the pressure of the high-pressure liquid flow exceeds 200 kg / cm ² G, the constituent fibers are cut in an extreme case by the impact of water pressure, and the resulting nonwoven fabric tends to have fluff on the surface. Not preferred.

【００２６】高圧液体流処理を施すに際して用いる不織
ウエブを担持する多孔性支持部材としては、例えば、２
０〜２００メツシユの金網製あるいは合成樹脂製等のメ
ツシユスクリーンや有孔板など、高圧液体流が不織ウエ
ブと支持部材を貫通するものであれば特に限定されな
い。As the porous support member for supporting the nonwoven web used in performing the high-pressure liquid flow treatment, for example, 2
There is no particular limitation as long as the high-pressure liquid flow penetrates the nonwoven web and the supporting member, such as a mesh screen or a perforated plate made of a wire mesh or synthetic resin of 0 to 200 mesh.

【００２７】なお、不織ウエブの片面より高圧液体流処
理を施した後、引き続き交絡の施された不織ウエブを反
転して高圧液体流処理を施すことにより、表裏共に緻密
に交絡した不織布を得ることができるので、不織布の用
途に応じて、また、不織ウエブの目付の大きいもの等に
適用すればよい。After the high-pressure liquid flow treatment is performed from one side of the nonwoven web, the entangled nonwoven web is subsequently inverted and subjected to the high-pressure liquid flow treatment, so that the nonwoven fabric densely entangled on both sides is obtained. Since it can be obtained, it may be applied to a nonwoven web having a large basis weight or the like according to the use of the nonwoven fabric.

【００２８】高圧液体流処理を施した後、処理後の不織
ウエブから過剰水分を除去する。この過剰水分を除去す
るに際しては、公知の方法を採用することができる。例
えば、マングルロール等の絞り装置を用いて過剰水分を
ある程度機械的に除去し、引き続きサクシヨンバンド方
式の熱風循環式乾燥機等の乾燥装置を用いて残余の水分
を除去する。After the high pressure liquid flow treatment, excess moisture is removed from the treated nonwoven web. When removing the excess moisture, a known method can be adopted. For example, the excess water is mechanically removed to some extent using a squeezing device such as a mangle roll, and the remaining water is subsequently removed using a drying device such as a suction band type hot air circulation dryer.

【００２９】次に、三次元的に交絡させた不織布に、部
分熱圧着装置を用いて、少なくとも繊維形成性低融点重
合体を溶融軟化させ、構成繊維同士を部分的に熱圧着す
る。すなわち、少なくとも繊維形成性低融点重合体が溶
融軟化する温度に加熱され表面に彫刻模様が刻印された
金属ロールすなわちエンボスロールと、前記温度に加熱
され表面が平滑な金属ロールとの間に、不織布を通すこ
とによって、いわゆる熱エンボスロールを用いて、また
は超音波融着機を用いて、前記彫刻模様に当接する部分
に存在する低融点重合体を溶融軟化させ構成繊維同士を
熱により圧着せしめることをいう。Next, at least the fiber-forming low melting point polymer is melt-softened to the three-dimensionally entangled nonwoven fabric using a partial thermocompression bonding apparatus, and the constituent fibers are partially thermocompression bonded. That is, a metal roll or embossing roll heated to a temperature at which the fiber-forming low-melting polymer is melt-softened and engraved with an engraved pattern on at least the surface thereof, and a non-woven fabric between the metal roll heated to the temperature and having a smooth surface. Using a so-called hot embossing roll, or using an ultrasonic fusing machine to melt-soften the low melting point polymer present in the portion in contact with the engraved pattern and heat-bond the constituent fibers together. Say.

【００３０】個々の熱圧着部の形状は、円形である必要
は無く、菱形、三角形、Ｔ形等任意の形状を適宜選択す
ればよい。個々の熱圧着部の面積は、０．１〜１．０ｍ
ｍ²の範囲で、その密度すなわち圧接点密度が４〜８０
点／ｃｍ² のものであるのがよい。The shape of each thermocompression bonding portion does not need to be circular, and any shape such as a rhombus, a triangle, and a T shape may be appropriately selected. The area of each thermocompression bonding part is 0.1-1.0m
In the range of m ² , the density, that is, the pressure contact density is 4-80.
Points / cm ² are preferred.

【００３１】熱圧着温度（エンボスロール温度）は、少
なくとも繊維形成性低融点重合体が溶融軟化する温度と
するが、低融点重合体の融点または軟化点を（Ｔｍ）℃
としたときに、（Ｔｍ−３０）℃〜（Ｔｍ−５）℃とす
るのが好ましい。この温度範囲を採用することにより、
低融点重合体のみを溶融軟化させ、かつ高融点重合体に
対して熱による変化を及ぼすことなく柔軟性を保持した
不織布を得ることができる。熱圧着温度が（Ｔｍ−３
０）℃未満であると、低融点重合体が十分に溶融軟化し
ないため熱接着効果が低く、不織布の機械的特性に劣る
傾向にある。一方、（Ｔｍ−５）℃を超えると、熱接着
機に不織布が取られるという重大なトラブルを招く傾向
にある。The thermocompression bonding temperature (embossing roll temperature) is a temperature at which the fiber-forming low-melting polymer melts and softens, and the melting point or softening point of the low-melting polymer is (Tm) ° C.
In this case, the temperature is preferably (Tm-30) ° C to (Tm-5) ° C. By adopting this temperature range,
A nonwoven fabric can be obtained in which only the low melting point polymer is melt-softened and the flexibility is maintained without affecting the high melting point polymer by heat. The thermocompression bonding temperature is (Tm-3
0) When the temperature is lower than 0 ° C., the low-melting polymer does not sufficiently melt and soften, so that the heat bonding effect is low and the mechanical properties of the nonwoven fabric tend to be poor. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds (Tm-5) ° C., there is a tendency to cause a serious trouble that the nonwoven fabric is removed by the heat bonding machine.

【００３２】不織布の全表面積に対する全圧着面積の比
すなわち圧着面積率は５〜３０％が好ましく、さらには
５〜２０％が好ましい。圧着面積率が５％未満である
と、不織布に対する熱圧着効果が低くなり、不織布の寸
法安定性、耐摩耗性の向上がみられない傾向にある。逆
に３０％を超えると、寸法安定性、耐摩耗性は向上する
ものの、不織布の柔軟性、嵩高性に劣る傾向となり、肌
触りが悪く、吸水性や保水性に劣り、また埃の拭き取り
性、粉塵の捕集効果の低下を招く傾向にある。The ratio of the total compression area to the total surface area of the nonwoven fabric, that is, the compression area ratio, is preferably 5 to 30%, and more preferably 5 to 20%. When the compression bonding area ratio is less than 5%, the thermocompression bonding effect on the nonwoven fabric is reduced, and the dimensional stability and wear resistance of the nonwoven fabric tend not to be improved. Conversely, if it exceeds 30%, the dimensional stability and abrasion resistance are improved, but the softness and bulkiness of the nonwoven fabric tend to be inferior, the feel is poor, the water absorption and water retention are poor, and the dust wiping property, It tends to reduce the dust collecting effect.

【００３３】熱圧着処理を施した後に、熱圧着の効果を
損なわない範囲で、不織布に対し柔軟性を付与する目的
で、上野山機工（株）製のカムフイツト機による柔軟加
工機を用いてもよい。After the thermocompression treatment, a flexible processing machine using a camfighting machine manufactured by Uenoyama Kiko Co., Ltd. may be used for the purpose of imparting flexibility to the nonwoven fabric as long as the effect of thermocompression bonding is not impaired. .

【００３４】[0034]

【作用】本発明の不織布は、構成繊維同士が絡み合い全
体として一体化している。高圧液体流処理により繊維同
士が交絡する際、曲げモーメントの小さい極細割繊短繊
維が発現し、この繊維が他の繊維に緻密に絡みつくた
め、繊維同士の交絡度合いが向上し、全体として緻密に
交絡一体化した不織布となっている。また、本発明の不
織布は、三次元的に交絡した不織布に部分熱圧着処理が
施されている。不織布が部分熱圧着部を有することによ
り、外力により変形のない、すなわち寸法安定性に優
れ、機械的強力の高いものとなっている。さらに本発明
では、互いに相溶性のない繊維を構成繊維として用いて
いるが、熱圧着部および非熱圧着部において、構成繊維
同士は緻密に絡み合い互いに押さえ合っているので、熱
圧着部における繊維同士の接着も強固となり、表面摩擦
力が加わった場合でも繊維が抜けにくく毛羽立ちにくい
摩耗性に優れた不織布となる。すなわち、本発明による
不織布は、相溶性のない素材を複数種混綿した不織布で
あるが、構成繊維同士の三次元的交絡と構成繊維同士の
熱接着との相乗効果により外的摩擦による耐摩耗性に優
れたものとなる。In the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, the constituent fibers are entangled with each other and integrated as a whole. When the fibers are entangled by the high-pressure liquid flow treatment, ultrafine split short fibers having a small bending moment are developed, and these fibers are densely entangled with other fibers. It is a nonwoven fabric that is entangled and integrated. In the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, a three-dimensionally entangled nonwoven fabric is subjected to a partial thermocompression treatment. Since the nonwoven fabric has the partial thermocompression bonding portion, it is not deformed by external force, that is, has excellent dimensional stability and high mechanical strength. Furthermore, in the present invention, fibers that are incompatible with each other are used as constituent fibers. However, in the thermocompression bonding part and the non-thermocompression bonding part, the constituent fibers are tightly entangled and held together. And the nonwoven fabric is excellent in abrasion resistance, in which fibers are not easily removed even when a surface friction force is applied, and the fibers are not easily fluffed. That is, the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is a nonwoven fabric obtained by mixing a plurality of types of incompatible materials, but has abrasion resistance due to external friction due to a synergistic effect of three-dimensional entanglement of constituent fibers and thermal bonding of constituent fibers. It will be excellent.

【００３５】[0035]

【実施例】次に、実施例に基づき本発明をより具体的に
説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例によって何ら限
定されるものではない。実施例において、各特性値の測
定を次の方法によって実施した。 （１）重合体の融点（℃）：パーキンエルマー社製ＤＳ
Ｃ−２型の示差走査型熱量計を用い、昇温速度２０℃／
分で測定した融解吸熱ピークの最大値を与える温度を融
点とした。Next, the present invention will be described more specifically based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, the measurement of each characteristic value was performed by the following method. (1) Melting point (° C.) of polymer: DS manufactured by PerkinElmer
Using a C-2 type differential scanning calorimeter, the heating rate was 20 ° C. /
The temperature giving the maximum value of the melting endothermic peak measured in minutes was defined as the melting point.

【００３６】（２）ポリエステルの相対粘度（イ）：フ
エノールと四塩化エタンの等重量混合液を溶媒とし、こ
の溶媒１００ｃｃに試料０．５ｇを溶解し温度２０℃の
条件で常法により求めた。(2) Relative viscosity of polyester (a): A mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride in an equal weight was used as a solvent, and 0.5 g of a sample was dissolved in 100 cc of the solvent. .

【００３７】（３）ナイロン６の相対粘度（ロ）：９６
％硫酸１００ｃｃに試料１ｇを溶解し、温度２５℃の条
件で常法により求めた。(3) Relative viscosity of nylon 6 (b): 96
1 g of a sample was dissolved in 100 cc of 100% sulfuric acid, and determined by a conventional method at a temperature of 25 ° C.

【００３８】（４）不織布の引張強力（ｋｇ／５ｃｍ
幅）および破断伸度（％）：ＪＩＳ Ｌ−１０９６に記
載のストリツプ法に準じ、最大引張強力を測定した。す
なわち、幅５ｃｍ、長さ１５ｃｍの試験片１０個用意
し、定速伸長型引張試験機（テンシロンＵＴＭ−４−１
−１００ 東洋ボールドウイン社製）を用いて、掴み間
隔１０ｃｍ、引張速度１０ｃｍ／分の条件で最大引張強
力を測定し、試料１０個の平均値を不織布の引張強力
（ｋｇ／５ｃｍ幅）とし、切断時伸長率の平均値を不織
布の破断伸度（％）とした。(4) Tensile strength of nonwoven fabric (kg / 5cm
Width) and elongation at break (%): The maximum tensile strength was measured according to the strip method described in JIS L-1096. That is, ten test pieces having a width of 5 cm and a length of 15 cm were prepared, and a constant-speed elongation type tensile tester (Tensilon UTM-4-1) was prepared.
-100 manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., Ltd.), the maximum tensile strength was measured at a gripping interval of 10 cm and a tensile speed of 10 cm / min, and the average value of 10 samples was taken as the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric (kg / 5 cm width). The average value of the elongation at break was defined as the elongation at break (%) of the nonwoven fabric.

【００３９】（５）不織布の剛軟度（ｇ）：幅５ｃｍ，
長さ５ｃｍの試料片を５個用意し、試料の長手方向に曲
げて円筒状物とし、各々その端部を接合したものを剛軟
度測定試料とした。定速伸張型引張試験機（テンシロン
ＵＴＭ−４−１−１００ 東洋ボールドウイン社製）を
用いて圧縮速度５ｃｍ／分で圧縮し、得られた最大荷重
値の平均値を不織布の剛軟度（ｇ）とした。(5) Softness (g) of nonwoven fabric: width 5 cm,
Five sample pieces each having a length of 5 cm were prepared and bent in the longitudinal direction of the sample to form a cylindrical object. Compressed at a compression speed of 5 cm / min using a constant-speed extension-type tensile tester (Tensilon UTM-4-1-100 manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., Ltd.), and the average value of the obtained maximum load values was determined as the rigidity and softness of the nonwoven fabric. g).

【００４０】（６）不織布の吸水性（ｍｍ／１０分）：
ＪＩＳ Ｌ−１０９６に記載のバイレツク法に準じて測
定した。(6) Water absorption (mm / 10 minutes) of nonwoven fabric:
It was measured according to the birec method described in JIS L-1096.

【００４１】（７）不織布の耐摩耗性（級）：学振形摩
擦試験機を用い、１００回の往復摩擦試験を行い、目視
評価により５段階評価を行った。不織布表面の摩耗がな
く毛羽立ちの見られないものを５級とし、不織布表面の
摩耗が激しく毛羽立ったものを１級とし、その間を２〜
４級と段階的に評価した。(7) Abrasion resistance (grade) of nonwoven fabric: A reciprocating friction test was performed 100 times using a Gakushin type friction tester, and a five-point evaluation was performed by visual evaluation. A non-woven fabric surface with no fluff and no fluff is classified as class 5, and a non-woven fabric surface with severe fluff is classified as class 1.
Grade 4 was evaluated.

【００４２】実施例１ 分割型二成分系複合短繊維として、繊維断面が図１に示
す複合形態でポリエチレン（融点１２８℃、ＡＳＴＭ−
Ｄ−１２３８（Ｅ）法で測定のメルトインデツクス２０
ｇ／１０分）とポリエチレンテレフタレート（融点２５
８℃、相対粘度１．３８）との分割型二成分系複合短繊
維を用意した。Example 1 As a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber, polyethylene (melting point 128 ° C., ASTM-
Melt index 20 measured by D-1238 (E) method
g / 10 minutes) and polyethylene terephthalate (melting point 25
A splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber having a relative viscosity of 8 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 1.38) was prepared.

【００４３】すなわち、図１に示す如く全分割数が７個
となるような分割型二成分系複合型紡糸口金より複合比
を重量比で１：１とし、単孔吐出量＝０．６８ｇ／分で
押し出した。紡出糸条を冷却し仕上げ油剤を付与した
後、引き取り速度が１０００ｍ／分の引き取りロールを
介して、未延伸糸として捲き取った。次いで、得られた
未延伸糸を複数本引き揃えてトウとなし、公知の延伸機
を用いて延伸倍率が３．２倍で延伸を行った後、押し込
み式捲縮付与装置にて捲縮を付与し３８ｍｍの繊維長に
切断して２デニール（ポリエチレンからなる極細割繊短
繊維の繊度は１．０デニール、ポリエチレンテレフタレ
ートからなる極細割繊短繊維の繊度は０．１６デニー
ル）の短繊維を得た。吸水性を有する短繊維として、平
均繊度１．５デニール、平均繊維長２４ｍｍの木綿の晒
綿を用意した。That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the compounding ratio was set to 1: 1 by weight from the split type two-component composite type spinneret in which the total number of divisions was 7, and the single hole discharge amount = 0.68 g / Extruded in minutes. After the spun yarn was cooled and the finishing oil was applied, it was wound up as an undrawn yarn via a take-up roll having a take-up speed of 1000 m / min. Next, a plurality of the obtained undrawn yarns are drawn and aligned to form a tow, and after drawing at a draw ratio of 3.2 times using a known drawing machine, crimping is performed by a push-in type crimping device. It is applied and cut to a fiber length of 38 mm to produce a short fiber of 2 denier (the fineness of the ultrafine split short fiber made of polyethylene is 1.0 denier, and the fineness of the ultrafine split short fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate is 0.16 denier). Obtained. Cotton bleached cotton having an average fineness of 1.5 denier and an average fiber length of 24 mm was prepared as the short fiber having water absorbency.

【００４４】分割型二成分系複合短繊維３０重量％と吸
水性を有する短繊維７０重量％とを混綿し、ランダムカ
ード機にて目付８５ｇ／ｍ² の不織ウエブを準備した。
次いで、不織ウエブを７０メツシユの金網上に積載して
高圧液体流処理を施した。高圧液体流処理は、孔径０．
１ｍｍの噴射孔が孔間隔０．６ｍｍで配置された高圧液
体流処理装置を用い、前記積層体の上方５０ｍｍの位置
から液体流圧力を７０ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇの条件下で処理を
施した。得られた不織布より過剰水分の除去と乾燥処理
を施した。A nonwoven web having a basis weight of 85 g / m ² was prepared using a random card machine by mixing 30% by weight of split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers and 70% by weight of water-absorbing short fibers.
Next, the nonwoven web was loaded on a 70-mesh wire net and subjected to high-pressure liquid flow treatment. The high pressure liquid flow treatment uses a pore size of 0.
Using a high-pressure liquid flow treatment apparatus in which 1 mm injection holes were arranged at a hole interval of 0.6 mm, treatment was performed from a position 50 mm above the laminate under a liquid flow pressure of 70 kg / cm ² G. The obtained nonwoven fabric was subjected to removal of excess moisture and drying treatment.

【００４５】続いて、ロール表面温度１１５℃、ロール
間線圧３０ｋｇ／ｃｍに設定したエンボスロール（個々
の熱圧着部の面積０．６４ｍｍ² 、圧接面積比１３％）
とフラットロール間に不織布を通して、部分的熱圧着処
理を施して本発明の不織布を得た。Subsequently, an embossing roll set at a roll surface temperature of 115 ° C. and a linear pressure between the rolls of 30 kg / cm (area of each thermocompression bonding part 0.64 mm ² , pressure contact area ratio 13%)
A nonwoven fabric was passed between the flat roll and the flat roll to perform a partial thermocompression treatment to obtain a nonwoven fabric of the present invention.

【００４６】実施例２ 実施例１において、分割型二成分系複合短繊維２０重量
％と吸水性を有する短繊維８０重量％とを混綿した以外
は、実施例１と同様にして本発明の不織布を得た。Example 2 The nonwoven fabric of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 20% by weight of split bicomponent conjugate short fibers and 80% by weight of water-absorbing short fibers were mixed. I got

【００４７】実施例３ 実施例１において、分割型二成分系複合短繊維７０重量
％と吸水性を有する短繊維３０重量％とを混綿した以外
は、実施例１と同様にして本発明の不織布を得た。Example 3 A nonwoven fabric of the present invention was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 70% by weight of split bicomponent conjugate short fibers and 30% by weight of water-absorbing short fibers were mixed. I got

【００４８】実施例４ 実施例１において、分割型二成分系複合短繊維４０重量
％と吸水性を有する短繊維として短繊維状に裁断したシ
ルク繊維６０重量％とを混綿した不織ウエブを準備し、
高圧液体流処理の水圧を８０ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇとし、部分
熱圧着処理の処理温度を１２０℃とした以外は、実施例
１と同様にして本発明の不織布を得た。Example 4 A nonwoven web prepared by mixing 40% by weight of split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers and 60% by weight of short-cut silk fibers as water-absorbing short fibers in Example 1 was prepared. And
A nonwoven fabric of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the water pressure in the high-pressure liquid flow treatment was 80 kg / cm ² G, and the treatment temperature in the partial thermocompression treatment was 120 ° C.

【００４９】実施例５ 分割型二成分系複合短繊維として、糸断面が図２に示す
如く複合形態でナイロン６（融点２２５℃、相対粘度
１．３５）とポリエチレンテレフタレート（融点２５８
℃、相対粘度１．３８）との分割型二成分系複合短繊維
を用意した。Example 5 As a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber, nylon 6 (melting point: 225 ° C., relative viscosity: 1.35) and polyethylene terephthalate (melting point: 258) were used in a composite form as shown in FIG.
C. and a relative viscosity of 1.38).

【００５０】すなわち、図２に示す如く複合形態で全分
割数が２４個となるような分割型二成分系複合型紡糸口
金より複合比を重量比で１：１とし、単孔吐出量＝０．
７６ｇ／分で押し出した。紡出糸条を冷却し仕上げ油剤
を付与した後、引き取り速度が１０００ｍ／分の引き取
りロ−ルを介して、未延伸糸として捲き取った。次い
で、得られた未延伸糸を複数本引き揃えてトウとなし、
公知の延伸機を用いて延伸倍率が３．０倍で延伸を行っ
た後、押し込み式捲縮付与装置にて捲縮を付与し３８ｍ
ｍの繊維長に切断して２．４デニール（ナイロン６から
なる極細割繊短繊維の繊度は０．１デニール、ポリエチ
レンテレフタレートからなる極細割繊短繊維の繊度は
０．１デニール）の短繊維を得た。吸水性を有する短繊
維として、麻を用意した。That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the composite ratio is set to 1: 1 in weight ratio from the split type two-component type composite spinneret in which the total number of divisions is 24 in the composite form, and the single hole discharge amount = 0. .
Extruded at 76 g / min. After the spun yarn was cooled and the finishing oil was applied, it was wound up as an undrawn yarn via a take-up roll having a take-up speed of 1000 m / min. Next, a plurality of the obtained undrawn yarns are aligned to form a tow,
After performing stretching at a stretching ratio of 3.0 times using a known stretching machine, crimping was performed by a press-in type crimping device, and 38 m was applied.
2.4 denier (fineness of ultrafine split short fiber made of nylon 6 is 0.1 denier, and ultrafine split short fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate is 0.1 denier) I got Hemp was prepared as a short fiber having water absorbency.

【００５１】分割型二成分系複合短繊維５０重量％と吸
水性を有する短繊維５０重量％とを混綿し、ランダムカ
ード機にて目付１１０ｇ／ｍ² の不織ウエブを準備し
た。次いで、不織ウエブを７０メツシユの金網上に積載
して高圧液体流処理を施した。高圧液体流処理は、孔径
０．１ｍｍの噴射孔が孔間隔０．６ｍｍで配置された高
圧液体流処理装置を用い、前記積層体の上方５０ｍｍの
位置から液体流圧力を７０ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇの条件下で処
理を施した。得られた不織布より過剰水分の除去と乾燥
処理を施した。A nonwoven web having a basis weight of 110 g / m ² was prepared using a random card machine by mixing 50% by weight of split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers and 50% by weight of water-absorbing short fibers. Next, the nonwoven web was loaded on a 70-mesh wire net and subjected to high-pressure liquid flow treatment. The high-pressure liquid flow treatment uses a high-pressure liquid flow treatment device in which injection holes having a hole diameter of 0.1 mm are arranged at a hole interval of 0.6 mm, and a liquid flow pressure of 70 kg / cm ² G from a position 50 mm above the laminate. The treatment was performed under the conditions. The obtained nonwoven fabric was subjected to removal of excess moisture and drying treatment.

【００５２】続いて、ロール表面温度２０５℃、ロール
間線圧３０ｋｇ／ｃｍに設定したエンボスロール（個々
の熱圧着部の面積０．３６ｍｍ² 、圧接面積比１８．６
％）とフラットロール間に不織布を通して、部分熱圧着
処理を施して本発明の不織布を得た。Subsequently, an embossing roll (rolling surface area: 0.36 mm ² , pressure contact area ratio: 18.6) was set at a roll surface temperature of 205 ° C. and a linear pressure between rolls of 30 kg / cm.
%) And a flat roll to pass a partial non-woven fabric through a non-woven fabric to obtain a non-woven fabric of the present invention.

【００５３】実施例６ 分割型二成分系複合短繊維として、糸断面が図３に示す
如く複合形態でナイロン６（融点２２５℃、相対粘度
１．３５）とポリエチレンテレフタレート（融点２５８
℃、相対粘度１．３８）との分割型二成分系中空複合短
繊維を用意した。Example 6 Nylon 6 (melting point: 225 ° C., relative viscosity: 1.35) and polyethylene terephthalate (melting point: 258) were used as split bicomponent conjugate short fibers in a composite form as shown in FIG.
C. and a relative viscosity of 1.38) were prepared.

【００５４】すなわち、図３に示す如く複合形態で全分
割数が３６個となるような分割型二成分系複合型紡糸口
金より複合比を重量比で１：１とし、単孔吐出量＝０．
６６ｇ／分で押し出した。紡出糸条を冷却し仕上げ油剤
を付与した後、引き取り速度が１０００ｍ／分の引き取
りロールを介して、未延伸糸として捲き取った。次い
で、得られた未延伸糸を複数本引き揃えてトウとなし、
公知の延伸機を用いて延伸倍率が２．６倍で延伸を行っ
た後、押し込み式捲縮付与装置にて捲縮を付与し３８ｍ
ｍの繊維長に切断して２．４デニール（ナイロン６から
なる極細割繊短繊維の繊度は０．０７デニール、ポリエ
チレンテレフタレートからなる極細割繊短繊維の繊度は
０．０７デニール）の中空率１７％の短繊維を得た。分
割型二成分系複合短繊維６０重量％と吸水性を有する短
繊維として木綿の晒綿４０重量％とを混綿し、ランダム
カード機にて目付１２０ｇ／ｍ² の不織ウエブを準備
し、高圧液体流処理の水圧を１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ² Ｇとし
た以外は、実施例５と同様にして本発明の不織布を得
た。That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the composite ratio is set to 1: 1 in weight ratio from the split type two-component composite type spinneret in which the total number of divisions is 36 in the composite form, and the single hole discharge amount = 0. .
Extruded at 66 g / min. After the spun yarn was cooled and the finishing oil was applied, it was wound up as an undrawn yarn via a take-up roll having a take-up speed of 1000 m / min. Next, a plurality of the obtained undrawn yarns are aligned to form a tow,
After performing stretching at a stretching ratio of 2.6 times using a known stretching machine, crimping was performed by a press-in type crimping device, and 38 m was applied.
cut into 2.4 m denier (2.47 denier for ultrafine split short fiber made of nylon 6 and 0.07 denier for ultrafine split short fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate) 17% short fibers were obtained. A nonwoven web having a basis weight of 120 g / m ² was prepared using a random card machine by mixing 60% by weight of split type bicomponent composite short fibers and 40% by weight of bleached cotton as water-absorbing short fibers. A nonwoven fabric of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the water pressure in the liquid flow treatment was changed to 100 kg / cm ² G.

【００５５】比較例１ 実施例１において、木綿の晒綿よりなる目付８０ｇ／ｍ
² の不織ウエブを準備した以外は、実施例１と同様にし
て比較例１の不織布を得た。Comparative Example 1 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the basis weight was 80 g / m
A nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nonwoven web of No. ² was prepared.

【００５６】比較例２ 実施例１において、不織ウエブの目付を８５ｇ／ｍ² と
し、高圧液体流処理を施さなかった以外は実施例１と同
様にして比較例２の不織布を得た。Comparative Example 2 A nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the basis weight of the nonwoven web was changed to 85 g / m ² and the high-pressure liquid flow treatment was not performed.

【００５７】実施例１〜６および比較例１〜２の不織布
の物性を表１に示した。The physical properties of the nonwoven fabrics of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1.

【００５８】[0058]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００５９】実施例１、３〜６の不織布は、機械的強
力、寸法安定性、柔軟性に優れた不織布であり、また耐
摩耗性の良好な不織布であった。The nonwoven fabrics of Examples 1 and 3 to 6 were nonwoven fabrics having excellent mechanical strength, dimensional stability and flexibility, and also had good abrasion resistance.

【００６０】実施例２の不織布は、分割型二成分系複合
短繊維の混綿率が低いので、他の実施例に比べて耐摩耗
性に劣るものの、機械的協力には優れ、また、吸水性を
有する短繊維の混綿率が高いので、他の実施例に比べて
吸水性は特に優れたものであった。The nonwoven fabric of Example 2 has a low mixing ratio of the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers, so that it is inferior in abrasion resistance as compared with the other examples, but is excellent in mechanical cooperation and water absorption. Since the short fiber having short fibers had a high cotton mixing ratio, the water absorption was particularly excellent as compared with the other examples.

【００６１】分割型二成分系複合短繊維を混綿しなかっ
た比較例１の不織布は、繊維同士の交絡のみにより不織
布化されたものであり、学振型摩耗試験機による摩耗試
験では、２０回の往復で不織布形態に変形が生じ、３０
回の往復では表面に存在する繊維の脱落が発生し、耐久
使用性に劣るものであった。The nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 1 in which no split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers were mixed was made into a nonwoven fabric only by entanglement of the fibers. The non-woven fabric is deformed by the reciprocation of
In the case of reciprocation, the fibers existing on the surface fell off, resulting in poor durability.

【００６２】高圧液体流処理を施さなかった比較例２の
不織布は、分割型二成分系複合短繊維は分割されず極細
割繊短繊維を含まないものであるため、構成繊維同士の
緻密な交絡はなされていないものであった。学振型摩耗
試験機による摩耗試験では、３０回の往復で不織布表面
に毛羽立ちが見られ耐久使用性に劣るものであった。ま
た、また埃の拭き取り性や粉塵の捕集性すなわちフィル
ター性能において、実施例と比較して劣るものであっ
た。In the non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 2 which was not subjected to the high-pressure liquid flow treatment, the split type bicomponent conjugate short fibers were not split and did not contain ultrafine split short fibers. Was not done. In a wear test using a Gakushin-type abrasion tester, fluffing was observed on the surface of the nonwoven fabric after 30 reciprocations, and the durability was poor. In addition, the dust wiping property and the dust collecting property, that is, the filter performance were inferior to those of the examples.

【００６３】[0063]

【発明の効果】本発明によれば、不織布構成繊維同士が
相互に緻密な交絡を有し、交絡が施された状態で低融点
重合体により部分的に熱圧着が施された不織布であるの
で、三次元交絡と部分熱圧着の相乗効果により、摩擦や
洗濯による繊維の脱落防止効果の向上、耐久性の向上が
可能となり、機械的強力、耐摩耗性および寸法安定性に
優れ、かつ吸水性を併せ持つ不織布が得られたものであ
る。According to the present invention, since the non-woven fabric fibers are densely entangled with each other, and the non-woven fabric is a non-woven fabric which is partially subjected to thermocompression bonding with a low melting point polymer in a entangled state. , The synergistic effect of three-dimensional confounding and partial thermocompression bonding makes it possible to improve the effect of preventing the fiber from falling off due to friction and washing, and to improve the durability. It has excellent mechanical strength, abrasion resistance and dimensional stability, and has water absorption. Is obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明に用いられる分割型二成分系複合短繊維
の横断面の一実施模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a cross section of a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber used in the present invention.

【図２】本発明に用いられる分割型二成分系複合短繊維
の横断面の一実施模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a cross section of a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber used in the present invention.

【図３】本発明に用いられる分割型二成分系複合短繊維
の横断面の一実施模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a cross section of a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber used in the present invention.

【図４】本発明に用いられる分割型二成分系複合短繊維
の横断面の一実施模式図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a cross section of a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber used in the present invention.

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 繊維形成性低融点重合体と前記低融点重
合体に対し非相溶性でかつ前記低融点重合体の融点より
３０〜１８０℃高い融点を有する繊維形成性高融点重合
体とからなる分割型二成分系複合短繊維の分割により発
現した前記低融点重合体および／または前記高融点重合
体からなる極細割繊短繊維と、吸水性を有する短繊維と
からなる不織布であり、前記構成繊維同士が三次元的に
交絡し、かつ、不織布が部分的に熱圧着されていること
を特徴とする不織布。1. A fiber-forming low-melting polymer and a fiber-forming high-melting polymer incompatible with the low-melting polymer and having a melting point 30 to 180 ° C. higher than the melting point of the low-melting polymer. A nonwoven fabric consisting of ultrafine split short fibers composed of the low-melting polymer and / or high-melting polymer expressed by splitting the splittable bicomponent conjugate short fibers, and short fibers having water absorbency; A nonwoven fabric characterized in that the constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled and the nonwoven fabric is partially thermocompression-bonded. 【請求項２】 分割型二成分系複合短繊維の分割により
少なくとも発現した極細割繊短繊維の単糸繊度が、０．
８デニール以下であることを特徴とする請求項１記載の
不織布。2. The fineness of an ultrafine split short fiber which is at least developed by splitting a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber has a fineness of 0.1%.
The nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a denier of 8 deniers or less. 【請求項３】 吸水性を有する短繊維が、天然繊維、再
生繊維のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１また
は２記載の不織布。3. The nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing short fibers are either natural fibers or regenerated fibers. 【請求項４】 吸水性を有する短繊維が、不織布中に３
０〜７０重量％混綿されていることを特徴とする請求項
１から３にいずれか１項に記載の不織布。4. A non-woven fabric comprising a short fiber having a water absorbing property
The nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nonwoven fabric is mixed with 0 to 70% by weight. 【請求項５】 繊維形成性低融点重合体と前記低融点重
合体に対し非相溶性でかつ前記低融点重合体の融点より
３０〜１８０℃高い融点を有する繊維形成性高融点重合
体とからなる分割型二成分系複合短繊維と吸水性を有す
る短繊維とを混綿して不織ウエブを得、この不織ウエブ
に高圧液体流処理を施し、前記複合短繊維を分割させて
前記低融点重合体および／または前記高融点重合体から
なる極細割繊短繊維を少なくとも発現させると共に構成
繊維同士を三次元的に交絡させ、次いで、部分熱圧着装
置を用いて少なくとも前記低融点重合体が溶融軟化する
温度で処理して、構成繊維同士を部分的に熱圧着するこ
とを特徴とする不織布の製造方法。5. A fiber-forming low-melting polymer and a fiber-forming high-melting polymer incompatible with the low-melting polymer and having a melting point 30 to 180 ° C. higher than the melting point of the low-melting polymer. A nonwoven web is obtained by blending a splittable bicomponent conjugate short fiber and a short fiber having water absorbency, and the nonwoven web is subjected to a high-pressure liquid flow treatment to divide the conjugate short fiber to obtain the low melting point. The polymer and / or the ultrafine splitting short fibers composed of the high melting point polymer are expressed at least, and the constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled. Then, at least the low melting point polymer is melted using a partial thermocompression bonding apparatus. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric, comprising treating at a softening temperature and partially thermocompression bonding constituent fibers.