JPH10265485A - Fractionation and production of high-concentration phospholipid from lecithin - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for producing phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid on an industrial scale at a low cost by fractionating the above fractions from lecithin containing various phospholipids as main component with easy and simple procedures. SOLUTION: Lecithin is mixed with ammonia-containing ethanol at a temperature between room temperature and 70 deg.C and the mixture is stirred and filtered to obtain phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid having high concentration as insoluble fractions. The filtrate is concentrated and the solvent is distilled out to obtain phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine fractions in high concentration. The soluble fraction is concentrated to the solute concentration of >=80 wt.% and the concentrate is mixed with ethanol and dissolved under heating or concentrated to a solute concentration of 4-50% to remove a most part of ammonia. The product is cooled, the precipitated phosphatidylethanolamine having high concentration is fractionated and filtered and the filtrate is evaporated to dryness to obtain phosphatidylcholine having high concentration.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、リン脂質混合物
を主成分とするレシチンから高濃度のリン脂質類を工業
的に有利に分別・製造する方法に関する。The present invention relates to a method for industrially advantageously separating and producing high-concentration phospholipids from lecithin containing a phospholipid mixture as a main component.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】大豆等の油糧種子や卵黄等の動物原料か
ら得られるレシチンは、食品、化粧品、医薬品、さらに
は広く一般工業分野において乳化剤や分散剤として幅広
く利用されている。レシチンは、ホスファチジルイノシ
トール(ＰＩ), ホスファチジン酸(ＰＡ)、ホスファチジ
ルエタノールアミン（ＰＥ）及びホスファチジルコリン
（ＰＣ)からなるリン脂質混合物を主成分とする。2. Description of the Related Art Lecithin obtained from oily seeds such as soybeans and animal raw materials such as egg yolk is widely used as an emulsifier and dispersant in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and more generally in general industrial fields. Lecithin is based on a phospholipid mixture consisting of phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC).

【０００３】このようなレシチンは、その構成成分の分
子内に、脂溶性及び水溶性の官能基を合わせ持つ両親媒
性の乳化剤であるが、その構成成分であるＰＣ、ＰＥ、
ＰＩ及びＰＡは、それぞれ水溶性官能基の化学構造を異
にするものであるところから、それら成分の個々の乳化
特性は互いに異なっている。従って、これら各成分の混
合物の乳化特性は、混合比に応じた特有の性質を表す
が、従来、天然に得られるレシチンの各構成成分を工業
的に容易に分別する方法は、ＰＣを除いて開発されてい
ず、そのため工業的に得られるレシチンの大部分は天然
の存在比由来の混合比のままであって、これに相応する
狭い範囲の乳化特性しか得ることが出来なかった。[0003] Such a lecithin is an amphiphilic emulsifier having a fat-soluble and water-soluble functional group in the molecule of the component, and its components PC, PE,
Since PI and PA differ from each other in the chemical structure of the water-soluble functional group, their individual emulsifying properties are different from each other. Therefore, the emulsifying property of the mixture of these components shows a unique property according to the mixing ratio, but conventionally, the method of industrially easily separating each component of naturally obtained lecithin except for PC, Most of lecithin which has not been developed and thus obtained industrially has a mixture ratio derived from a natural abundance ratio, and only a correspondingly narrow range of emulsification properties can be obtained.

【０００４】大豆レシチンからＰＣを分画する方法は各
種知られている。例えば、カラムクロマトグラフィを利
用する方法として、シリカゲル（特開昭４９ー９３４０
０）、アルミナ（特開昭５７ー２６５４８）、無機性多
孔性樹脂（特開昭６０ー１９７６９６）が有り、ＰＣの
濃縮を目的として、大豆レシチン中のリン脂質以外の他
の成分を除去するために、アセトン及びエタノール処理
（米国特許第３２６８３３５）、エタノール等のアルコ
ール処理（米国特許第２９４５８６９、特開昭５７ー２
６５４８）、含水アルコール又はこれとｎーヘキサンの
如き非極性溶媒とを組み合わせた二層分配系を用いた処
理（特開昭５４ー６１２００）による方法が知られてい
る。しかしながら、これらの方法は、何れも高純度のＰ
Ｃを得ることを目的としているに過ぎず、他のＰＩ・Ｐ
ＡやＰＥを高濃度に製造する方法ではない。[0004] Various methods for fractionating PC from soybean lecithin are known. For example, as a method utilizing column chromatography, silica gel (JP-A-49-9340)
0), alumina (JP-A-57-26548), and inorganic porous resin (JP-A-60-197696). For the purpose of concentrating PC, components other than phospholipids in soybean lecithin are removed. For this purpose, treatment with acetone and ethanol (U.S. Pat. No. 3,268,335) and treatment with alcohol such as ethanol (U.S. Pat. No. 2,945,869;
6548), and a method (JP-A-54-61200) using a two-layer distribution system in which a hydroalcohol or a non-polar solvent such as n-hexane is combined. However, all of these methods use high-purity P
The purpose is merely to obtain C, other PI ・ P
This is not a method for producing A or PE at a high concentration.

【０００５】ところで、ＰＥは界面化学的な性質として
は、比較的親水性のＰＣと親油性のＰＩとの中間的な性
質のものであるところから、ＰＣの分別においても、Ｐ
Ｉの分別においても、常に不純物として扱われて来てお
り、その積極的な利用はなされて来なかった。このた
め、高濃度のＰＥを分別・取得する技術も液体クロマト
グラフィ以外には確立されておらず、工業的な単利、分
別とその利用には至っていない。[0005] Incidentally, PE has a surface chemistry property intermediate between relatively hydrophilic PC and lipophilic PI.
Even in the separation of I, it has always been treated as an impurity and has not been actively used. For this reason, a technique for separating and obtaining high-concentration PE has not been established except for liquid chromatography, and industrial simple profit, separation and its use have not been achieved.

【０００６】単にＰＣ分画にＰＥが混入するのを抑制す
る方法として、エタノール溶液として冷却したり、金属
塩を添加したり、イオン交換樹脂、アルミナ、シリカ、
マグネシア、活性炭等の吸着剤を作用させたり、或いは
アシル化等による化学変化を利用して除去する方法（特
公昭４０ー２０５６０、特公昭４５ー３８６２５、特公
昭４６ー８７０２）が知られている。また、ＰＩ画分に
ＰＥが混入するのを抑制する方法として、イオン交換樹
脂を用いる方法（特開昭６３ー３３３８９）、ヘキサン
溶液をアルカリ含有エタノールと接触させる方法（特開
平５ー９７８７３）等が知られているのみである。As a method of simply preventing PE from being mixed into the PC fraction, cooling as an ethanol solution, addition of a metal salt, ion exchange resin, alumina, silica,
A method of removing by utilizing an adsorbent such as magnesia or activated carbon or utilizing a chemical change due to acylation or the like (JP-B-40-20560, JP-B-45-38625, JP-B-46-8702) is known. . As a method for suppressing the PE from being mixed into the PI fraction, a method using an ion exchange resin (JP-A-63-33389), a method in which a hexane solution is brought into contact with an alkali-containing ethanol (JP-A-5-97873), and the like Is only known.

【０００７】このように、レシチンからその構成成分で
あるＰＣ、ＰＥ、ＰＩ、ＰＡを簡単な操作で工業的に安
価に分別する方法はなく、上記の溶剤分別法において使
用される溶剤には、クロロホルムやジクロロメタン等、
作業上の危険性や、塩素系化合物の残留毒性上の問題も
あり、満足な方法とは云えない。As described above, there is no method for industrially and inexpensively separating PC, PE, PI, and PA, which are constituents thereof, from lecithin by a simple operation, and the solvents used in the above-mentioned solvent separation method include: Chloroform, dichloromethane, etc.
This method is not satisfactory because of the danger of working and the problem of residual toxicity of chlorine compounds.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
事情を背景にしてなされたものである。即ち、各種のリ
ン脂質を主成分として含有するレシチンから、効率よく
ＰＥ、ＰＣ及びＰＩとＰＡの混合物を簡単且つ容易な操
作で分別して、工業的に安価にこれらの画分を製造する
方法を提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. That is, a method for efficiently separating PE, PC, and a mixture of PI and PA from lecithin containing various phospholipids as a main component by a simple and easy operation to industrially produce these fractions at low cost. provide.

【０００９】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記の目
的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、リン脂質混
合物を主成分とするレシチンをアンモニア含有エタノー
ルと混合、攪拌、濾過することにより、高濃度のＰＩ及
び ＰＡが不溶性画分として採取され、高濃度のＰＥと
ＰＣが溶液中に分取されること、また、この溶液部分を
濃縮して、アンモニアを溜去、冷却することによって、
高濃度のＰＥが固体として分別取得でき、溶液部分を濃
縮、乾固して高濃度のＰＣが分別取得できることを見出
し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成した。また、本発
明は、ＰＥの溶解度はエタノールに対しては低いが、ア
ンモニア含有エタノールに対しては高くなることを見い
だし、この二つの溶媒系の分別法を巧みに組み合わせる
ことにより完成されたものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, mixed lecithin containing a phospholipid mixture as a main component with ammonia containing ethanol, followed by stirring and filtration. As a result, high-concentration PI and PA are collected as insoluble fractions, high-concentration PE and PC are collected in a solution, and this solution portion is concentrated, ammonia is distilled off and cooled. By
It has been found that high-concentration PE can be separated and obtained as a solid, and that the solution portion can be concentrated and dried to obtain a high-concentration PC, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding. Further, the present invention has found that the solubility of PE is low in ethanol, but high in ethanol containing ammonia, and has been completed by skillfully combining the two solvent system separation methods. is there.

【００１０】更にまた、上記レシチンをアンモニア含有
エタノールと混合、攪拌するに先立ち、レシチンをエタ
ノールと混合、攪拌後分離して得られる可溶性画分を濃
縮してＰＣを得る一方で、不溶性画分を、アンモニア含
有エタノールと室温乃至７０℃で混合、攪拌、攪拌し
て、不溶性画分として高濃度のＰＩ及びＰＡを取得し、
濾液を濃縮、冷却して析出する高濃度のＰＥ画分を分
別、取得できること、及び、可溶性画分からは、これを
濃縮乾固することによって、高濃度のＰＣが分別取得出
来ることを見出し、本知見に基づいて本発明を完成た。Furthermore, prior to mixing and stirring the above-mentioned lecithin with ethanol containing ammonia, stirring and mixing the lecithin with ethanol, stirring and separating, the soluble fraction obtained is concentrated to obtain PC, while the insoluble fraction is obtained. , Mixed with ammonia-containing ethanol at room temperature to 70 ° C, stirred and stirred to obtain high concentrations of PI and PA as insoluble fractions,
The present inventors have found that a high-concentration PE fraction precipitated by concentrating and cooling the filtrate can be separated and obtained, and that a high-concentration PC can be separately obtained from the soluble fraction by concentrating it to dryness. The present invention has been completed based on the findings.

【００１１】本発明において用いられる原料のレシチン
は、大豆油の精製工程で副生してくる各種のリン脂質を
６０％以上含むいわゆる大豆レシチン、或いは菜種油、
コーン油等他の植物由来のレシチン、卵黄レシチン等の
動物由来のレシチンであり、またこれらレシチン類を予
めエタノール処理して得られるレシチンであり、リン脂
質混合物としてＰＩ，ＰＡ，ＰＣ，ＰＥを含む各種レシ
チンであり、一般にペースト状乃至は粉末状の形態をし
ている。The raw material lecithin used in the present invention is so-called soybean lecithin or rapeseed oil containing 60% or more of various phospholipids by-produced in the step of refining soybean oil,
Lecithin derived from other plants such as corn oil and lecithin derived from animals such as egg yolk lecithin, and lecithin obtained by treating these lecithins in advance with ethanol, and containing PI, PA, PC, PE as a phospholipid mixture Various lecithins are generally in the form of paste or powder.

【００１２】アンモニアを含有するエタノールは、通常
０.３乃至１０重量％、より好ましくは０.６乃至５重量
％のアンモニアを含有する。これ以上のアンモニア濃度
を高くしても大幅な効果の向上はないばかりでなく、設
備、作業性の負荷が大となり、レシチンの加水分解の危
険性を生じる。また０.３重量％以下では、ＰＥの溶出
効果が低くなる。このアンモニア含有エタノールは公知
の方法、例えば液化アンモニアガスを低温下エタノール
中に吹き込んだり、アンモニア水（例えば２５％アンモ
ニア水）とエタノールを混合することによって、容易に
調製することができる。The ethanol containing ammonia usually contains 0.3 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.6 to 5% by weight of ammonia. Even if the ammonia concentration is further increased, not only the effect is not greatly improved, but also the load on equipment and workability increases, and there is a risk of hydrolysis of lecithin. If it is less than 0.3% by weight, the effect of dissolving PE is reduced. This ammonia-containing ethanol can be easily prepared by a known method, for example, by blowing liquefied ammonia gas into ethanol at a low temperature or by mixing ammonia water (for example, 25% ammonia water) and ethanol.

【００１３】また、このアンモニア含有エタノールは、
水分含量が５％以下、より好ましくは４％以下であるの
が良い。それ以上の水分含量の場合、レシチンのアンモ
ニア含有エタノール不溶部分、すなわちＰＩと，ＰＡ画
分が水分を含んで団塊となるため抽出、固液分離及び粉
末化の各操作が困難となる。[0013] The ammonia-containing ethanol is
The water content is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 4% or less. If the water content is higher than this, the ammonia-containing ethanol-insoluble part of lecithin, ie, the PI and PA fractions contain water to form a nodule, which makes extraction, solid-liquid separation and powdering operations difficult.

【００１４】本発明において、レシチンを、又はエタノ
ールと混合、攪拌後分離して得られるレシチンの不溶性
画分を、アンモニア含有エタノールと接触、攪拌、混合
するに当たっては、室温例えば２０℃で行うか又は７０
℃、より好ましくは５０℃以下に加温する。通常、使用
されるアンモニア含有エタノールは、原料レシチン１０
０ｇに対して、０.１５Ｌ〜１０Ｌ、好ましくは１〜５
Ｌであり、一回の操作で行ってもよいし、複数回に分け
て混合、攪拌、濾過の操作を行ってもよい。In the present invention, the lecithin or the insoluble fraction of lecithin obtained by mixing with ethanol and separating after stirring is contacted, stirred and mixed with ethanol containing ammonia at room temperature, for example, at 20 ° C. 70
℃, more preferably 50 ℃ or less. Usually, the ammonia-containing ethanol used is the raw material lecithin 10
0.15 L to 10 L, preferably 1 to 5
L, which may be performed in one operation, or may be performed in a plurality of times, such as mixing, stirring, and filtering.

【００１５】かくして得られる混合物を、加温した場合
には室温、例えば２０℃付近まで冷却し、不溶性画分の
ＰＩとＰＡの高濃度混合物を濾取し、必要に応じて乾燥
する。この画分は、従来の方法では除去することが困難
であったＰＥを殆ど含まない。When the thus obtained mixture is heated, it is cooled to room temperature, for example, around 20 ° C., and a high-concentration mixture of PI and PA of the insoluble fraction is collected by filtration and dried if necessary. This fraction contains almost no PE, which has been difficult to remove by conventional methods.

【００１６】一方、アンモニア含有エタノールに可溶性
であるＰＥとＰＣを含む溶液部分を、該溶液中のアンモ
ニア含量が充分低下するまで濃縮する。通常、溶質濃度
が４〜５０％程度となるまで濃縮し、１０℃以下、好ま
しくは４℃以下に冷却して析出してくる沈殿を分取、乾
燥してＰＥを高濃度に含有する画分を得る。On the other hand, the solution containing PE and PC which are soluble in ammonia-containing ethanol is concentrated until the ammonia content in the solution is sufficiently reduced. Usually, the solution is concentrated until the solute concentration becomes about 4 to 50%, cooled to 10 ° C. or less, preferably 4 ° C. or less, and the precipitate that precipitates is collected and dried, and the fraction containing high PE concentration is dried. Get.

【００１７】次いで、濾液部分を濃縮、乾固して高濃度
のＰＣからなるリン脂質を得る。更には、上記アンモニ
ア含有エタノール可溶画分を濃縮してアンモニアを溜去
した後、更に溶質濃度が７０％以上、好ましくは８０％
以上となるまで濃縮し、濃縮物にエタノールを加え、加
熱、溶解した後、冷却して、１０℃以下好ましくは４℃
以下に冷却して、析出してくるＰＥの沈殿を分取後、可
溶部（又は溶液）を蒸発、乾固することによって、高濃
度のＰＣ画分を得ることができる。Next, the filtrate is concentrated and dried to obtain a phospholipid composed of a high concentration of PC. Furthermore, after concentrating the ammonia-containing ethanol-soluble fraction and distilling off the ammonia, the solute concentration is further 70% or more, preferably 80%.
Concentrate until the above is achieved, add ethanol to the concentrate, heat and dissolve, then cool and cool to 10 ° C or less, preferably 4 ° C.
After cooling, the precipitated PE precipitate is collected, and the soluble portion (or solution) is evaporated and dried to obtain a high-concentration PC fraction.

【００１８】本発明の他の形態は、前記レシチンをまず
エタノールと混合、攪拌を行って、ＰＣを溶出、不溶画
分を分取した後、溶液部分を蒸発乾固して、高濃度ＰＣ
画分を得る。次いで、不溶画分を上記の方法で、アンモ
ニア含有エタノールと攪拌、混合、冷却を行って、不溶
画分として高濃度ＰＩ及びＰAを取得、溶液部を濃縮し
てアンモニアを溜去することによって、生成してくるＰ
Ｅの沈殿を乾燥して高濃度ＰＥがえられる。In another embodiment of the present invention, the lecithin is first mixed with ethanol and stirred to elute the PC, the insoluble fraction is collected, and the solution is evaporated to dryness to obtain a high-concentration PC.
Obtain fractions. Subsequently, the insoluble fraction was stirred with ammonia-containing ethanol by the above-mentioned method, mixed, and cooled to obtain high concentrations PI and PA as the insoluble fraction, and the solution was concentrated to evaporate the ammonia to remove the ammonia. Generated P
The precipitate of E is dried to obtain high concentration PE.

【００１９】以上の如く、本発明によれば、従来レシチ
ンからエタノール抽出によりＰＣを分離した残渣は、格
別な有効利用法が無かったが、本発明によってその残渣
よりＰＥ画分及びＰＩ・ＰＡ画分を分画することが可能
となったのであり、ＰＣ及びＰＩ・ＰAも高純度、高濃
度に得ることが可能となり、それぞれの有効利用が図ら
れる。また、従来ＰＣ画分にもＰＩ・ＰＡ画分にも不純
物として混入し、分離・除去することが非常に困難であ
ったＰＥを高濃度且つ高収率で得ることが可能となった
のであり、ＰＣ及びＰＩ・ＰＡも高純度、高濃度に得る
ことが可能となったのである。As described above, according to the present invention, the residue obtained by separating PC from lecithin by ethanol extraction had no particular effective use, but according to the present invention, the PE fraction and PI / PA fraction were removed from the residue by the present invention. This makes it possible to fractionate fractions, so that PC and PI / PA can be obtained with high purity and high concentration, and their effective use can be achieved. In addition, it has become possible to obtain PE at a high concentration and in a high yield, which was conventionally mixed into the PC fraction and the PI / PA fraction as an impurity, and was very difficult to separate and remove. , PC and PI • PA can be obtained with high purity and high concentration.

【００２０】かくして得られた各リン脂質成分は、単独
で、また自由に各種の混合比に配合して、更には既存の
レシチン製剤や、その他の乳化剤との併用等により、思
いのままの乳化特性を持つ乳剤を調製することが可能と
なる。即ち、従来、天然の混合比という狭い範囲に限定
されていた製品の乳化特性から解放され、自由に広範囲
の乳化特性、レオロジー、或いは各種の生化学的機能の
修飾や改質を可能ならしめるものである。Each phospholipid component thus obtained can be emulsified as desired, alone or freely mixed in various mixing ratios, and further in combination with existing lecithin preparations or other emulsifiers. It becomes possible to prepare an emulsion having characteristics. In other words, it is released from the emulsifying properties of products that were conventionally limited to a narrow range of natural mixing ratios, and enables the modification or modification of a wide range of emulsifying properties, rheology, or various biochemical functions freely. It is.

【００２１】例えば、ＰＥについては、その分子内のア
ミノ基を拠点として、アセチル化、サクシニル化等のア
シル化物へ誘導して、分散剤やコーティング剤として、
製紙、製糸、織物、皮革等の分野で有利に使用される。
その際、分子内の不飽和脂肪酸基の間で架橋反応を行わ
せて、皮膜の安定化を図ることも出来る。またＰＥ分子
中のアミノ基を生理活性な糖類のアルデヒド基と縮合せ
しめることにより、その生化学的機能を改善して、医薬
分野に使用することも可能である。更にＰＥの酸化防止
作用を利用して、本発明によって得られるＰＥ画分単独
で、或いはフラボン類との併用による相乗効果で、食品
等の酸化防止剤として用い得る。他方、本発明によりＰ
Ｅを除いた残りの成分は、ＰＥに起因する熱時褐変現象
や、臭気発生等の不都合から免れるので、高品位の乳化
剤として各種用途に有利に用いられる。For example, PE is converted into an acylated product such as acetylation or succinylation based on an amino group in the molecule, and is used as a dispersant or a coating agent.
It is advantageously used in the fields of papermaking, yarnmaking, textiles, leather and the like.
At that time, a cross-linking reaction can be performed between unsaturated fatty acid groups in the molecule to stabilize the film. Further, by condensing an amino group in a PE molecule with an aldehyde group of a physiologically active saccharide, its biochemical function can be improved and used in the field of medicine. Further, by utilizing the antioxidant action of PE, the PE fraction obtained according to the present invention can be used as an antioxidant for foods or the like by itself or by a synergistic effect when used in combination with flavones. On the other hand, according to the present invention, P
The remaining components excluding E are free from inconveniences such as hot browning and odor caused by PE, and are advantageously used as a high-grade emulsifier for various uses.

【００２２】また、本発明によって得られる高濃度のＰ
Ｃ画分は、それ自身が親水性であるので、O/W型エマル
ジョンの生成に用いられ、また、離型材としてのマーガ
リンのハネ防止には、ＰＣ/ＰＥ比が４以上であること
が要求されるが、これにも随意に対応が可能となる。そ
の他、トコフェロール等の抗酸化作用に対する共力剤と
して、或いは健康食品やリポソーム、静脈注射用脂肪乳
剤としての利用も極めて容易となる。The high concentration of P obtained by the present invention
The C fraction is itself hydrophilic, so it is used to form an O / W emulsion, and the PC / PE ratio is required to be 4 or more to prevent splashing of margarine as a release material. However, this can be arbitrarily dealt with. In addition, it is extremely easy to use as a synergist for antioxidant action such as tocopherol, or as a health food, liposome, or fat emulsion for intravenous injection.

【００２３】さらに、本発明によって得られるＰIとＰA
の混合物は、それらが中性溶媒中で負電荷を有する酸性
リン脂質であると共に、親油性乳化剤としてW/O型エマ
ルジョンの生成に利用され得る。一方、それをＰＣに添
加すると、そのO/W型エマルジョンの安定性を増強せし
める効果を期待出来る。Further, PI and PA obtained by the present invention
Can be utilized in the formation of W / O emulsions as lipophilic emulsifiers, while they are acidic phospholipids having a negative charge in neutral solvents. On the other hand, when it is added to PC, the effect of enhancing the stability of the O / W emulsion can be expected.

【００２４】[0024]

【実施例】実施例中の百分率は、特に断りのない限り、
何れも重量基準にて表した。また、収率は、出発原料の
粉末レシチン又はペースト状レシチンを基準とし、更に
リン含量及びリン脂質組成は、基準油脂分析試験法によ
った。 実施例１ 粉末レシチン（ツルーレシチン工業株式会社製）２１０
ｇを、予め５０℃に加温した０.８％アンモニア含有エ
タノール液２Ｌに加え、アジホモミキサー（特殊機化工
業株式会社製）による攪拌抽出（ホモミキサー５分、パ
ドルミキサー２０分）を行った後、濾別により固液分離
した。得られた残渣固形物を、再び同様のアンモニア含
有エタノール液２Ｌと混合、同じ操作を繰り返した。こ
の操作を繰り返し合計３回の操作を行い、得られた抽出
液を合わせ、常温に冷却し、少量の析出物を除いた後、
溶媒を溜去して、９９％以上に濃縮して樹脂状の固形物
８６ｇを得た。EXAMPLES The percentages in the examples are, unless otherwise specified.
All are expressed on a weight basis. The yield was based on powdered lecithin or pasty lecithin as a starting material, and the phosphorus content and phospholipid composition were determined by a standard fat and oil analysis test method. Example 1 Powdered lecithin (manufactured by True Lecithin Industry Co., Ltd.) 210
g was added to 2 L of a 0.8% ammonia-containing ethanol solution that had been heated to 50 ° C. in advance, and the mixture was stirred and extracted (homomixer 5 minutes, paddle mixer 20 minutes) using an azihomomixer (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.). After that, solid-liquid separation was performed by filtration. The obtained residual solid was mixed again with 2 L of the same ammonia-containing ethanol solution, and the same operation was repeated. This operation was repeated three times in total, and the obtained extracts were combined, cooled to room temperature, and a small amount of precipitate was removed.
The solvent was distilled off and concentrated to 99% or more to obtain 86 g of a resinous solid.

【００２５】次いで、得られた固形物のうちの、２５ｇ
を、等重量のエタノールと混合して、６０℃に加温、溶
解せしめ、次いでこの溶液を０℃で３０分間放置し、生
成した固形物を分離、乾燥して半固体１９.８ｇを得
た。更にエタノール２５ｇを用いて同様の操作を３回繰
り返したところ、エタノール可溶部の濃度は減少した後
ほぼ一定となったので、計４回の操作の後、乾燥して樹
脂状の冷エタノール不溶物９.８ｇを，エタノール抽出
液を濃縮乾固して、エタノール可溶部１４.５ｇを得
た。Next, 25 g of the obtained solid material
Was mixed with an equal weight of ethanol, heated to 60 ° C. and dissolved, then the solution was left at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the formed solid was separated and dried to obtain 19.8 g of a semi-solid. . When the same operation was repeated three more times using 25 g of ethanol, the concentration of the ethanol-soluble portion decreased and then became substantially constant. The product (9.8 g) was concentrated to dryness with an ethanol extract to obtain 14.5 g of an ethanol-soluble portion.

【００２６】また、このエタノール不溶部は、なおアン
モニア含有エタノール不溶物を少量含んでいるので、
０.８％アンモニア含有エタノール５０ｇを加え、６０
℃に加熱溶解し、室温まで冷却後、析出した固形物を濾
別し、溶媒を溜去して、樹脂状のＰＥ画分７.９ｇ、収
率１３.0％を得た。Further, since this ethanol-insoluble portion still contains a small amount of ammonia-containing ethanol-insoluble matter,
Add 50 g of ethanol containing 0.8% ammonia and add
After heating and dissolving at room temperature and cooling to room temperature, the precipitated solid was separated by filtration and the solvent was distilled off to obtain 7.9 g of a resinous PE fraction and a yield of 13.0%.

【００２７】一方、上記エタノール可溶部１０ｇに、再
度エタノール１０ｇを加えて加熱、溶解し、この溶液を
ー１０℃に冷却、生成した沈殿物を分離し、溶液部の溶
媒を溜去して、樹脂状のＰＣ画分６.４ｇ、収率１５.２
％を得た。得られたＰＥ及びＰＣ画分及び原料粉末レシ
チンの分析値を表１に示す。On the other hand, 10 g of ethanol was again added to 10 g of the above ethanol-soluble part, and the mixture was heated and dissolved. The resulting solution was cooled to -10 ° C., and the formed precipitate was separated. 6.4 g of resinous PC fraction, yield 15.2
%. Table 1 shows the analysis values of the obtained PE and PC fractions and the raw material powder lecithin.

【００２８】[0028]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００２９】一方、０.８％アンモニア含有エタノール
による抽出操作を３回行って得た抽出残渣を６０℃で真
空乾燥して、粉末状のＰI・ＰA画分を得た。他方、アン
モニアを含まないエタノールで原料の粉末レシチンを同
様に操作して得た抽出残渣としてのＰＩ・ＰＡ画分の試
験結果を表２に併せて示す。以上の結果から、リン脂質
組成は、原料粉末レシチンと比較すると、ＰＥは２７％
から６５％へ、ＰＣは３１％から６４％へ、ＰＩ・ＰＡ
は２２％から７２％へと上昇し、特にＰＩ・ＰＡ画分
は、上記の４成分中ではほぼ１００％の純度まで濃縮す
ることが出来た。On the other hand, the extraction residue obtained by performing extraction operation three times with ethanol containing 0.8% ammonia was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. to obtain a powdery PI / PA fraction. On the other hand, Table 2 also shows the test results of the PI / PA fraction as an extraction residue obtained by operating powdered lecithin as a raw material in the same manner with ethanol containing no ammonia. From the above results, the composition of phospholipid was 27% of PE as compared with the raw powder lecithin.
To 65%, PC from 31% to 64%, PI ・ PA
Increased from 22% to 72%. In particular, the PI / PA fraction could be concentrated to almost 100% purity among the above four components.

【００３０】[0030]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００３１】実施例２ 実施例１と同様な粉末レシチン２００ｇに０.８％のア
ンモニアと４％の水分を含むエタノール２Ｌを混合、実
施例１の方法に従って抽出操作を３回行った。抽出液を
合わせ、室温まで冷却して析出物を濾別し、濾液を溶質
濃度９９％以上に濃縮して、樹脂状の半固体１２８.８
ｇを得た。この半固体３０ｇに７０ｇのエタノールを加
えて加熱溶解した後、０℃まで冷却してエタノール可溶
部と不溶部を分離し、それぞれから溶剤を溜去した。そ
の結果、エタノール可溶部から、樹脂状のＰＣ画分１
３.２ｇ（収率２８.３％）、エタノール不溶部から樹脂
状のＰＥ画分１６.５ｇ（収率３５.４％）を、それぞれ
得た。また、上記のアンモニア含有エタノールによる抽
出操作によって生じた抽出残渣を乾燥して、粉末状のＰ
I・ＰA画分４０.４ｇ（収率２０.２％）を得た。これら
３つの画分の合計収率は８４％である。各画分の分析値
を表３に示した。Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that 200 g of powdered lecithin was mixed with 2 L of ethanol containing 0.8% of ammonia and 4% of water. The extracts were combined, cooled to room temperature, and the precipitate was separated by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated to a solute concentration of 99% or more to obtain a resin-like semisolid of 128.8.
g was obtained. 70 g of ethanol was added to 30 g of this semi-solid and dissolved by heating. After cooling to 0 ° C., an ethanol-soluble part and an insoluble part were separated, and the solvent was distilled off from each. As a result, from the ethanol-soluble part, the resinous PC fraction 1
3.2 g (28.3% yield) and 16.5 g (35.4% yield) of a resinous PE fraction were obtained from the ethanol-insoluble portion. Further, the extraction residue generated by the extraction operation with the above-mentioned ammonia-containing ethanol is dried to obtain powdered P
40.4 g (yield 20.2%) of the I.PA fraction was obtained. The total yield of these three fractions is 84%. The analysis values of each fraction are shown in Table 3.

【００３２】[0032]

【表３】 [Table 3]

【００３３】実施例３ ０.８％のアンモニア含有エタノール液２Ｌをホモミキ
サー（特殊機化工業株式会社製）に注入、高速攪拌しな
がら、ペースト状レシチン（株式会社ホーネン・コーポ
レーション製）４００ｇを注入して、レシチンを溶媒中
に分散させた。得られた分散液を、５０℃に加熱しなが
ら、パドルミキサーによる低速攪拌を２０分間行った
後、静置して上澄みの抽出液を分離した。更に、その抽
出残留物に、再度０.８％アンモニア含有エタノール２
Ｌを加え、ホモミキサーで粉末状に分散せしめ、５０℃
にて同様に処理して抽出液を濾別し、それぞれの抽出液
を室温まで冷却、生じた少量の沈殿を除去した後、溶媒
を真空蒸留により除去し、溶質濃度９９％以上に濃縮し
た。得られた固形抽出物は、それぞれ１７９.７ｇ，５
４.３ｇであった。Example 3 2 L of a 0.8% ammonia-containing ethanol solution was poured into a homomixer (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and 400 g of paste lecithin (manufactured by Honen Corporation) was poured with high-speed stirring. Then, lecithin was dispersed in the solvent. The resulting dispersion was stirred at a low speed with a paddle mixer for 20 minutes while heating to 50 ° C., and then allowed to stand to separate a supernatant extract. Further, the extraction residue was again mixed with ethanol containing 0.8% ammonia.
L, and dispersed in a powder with a homomixer.
, The extracts were filtered off, each extract was cooled to room temperature, and a small amount of the resulting precipitate was removed. Then, the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation, and the solute concentration was increased to 99% or more. The obtained solid extracts were 179.7 g, 5
4.3 g.

【００３４】上に得られたそれぞれの抽出物各３０ｇに
エタノール７０ｇを加え、加熱、溶解し、冷蔵庫中に０
℃で一夜放置した。析出した沈殿を分取し、溶剤を溜
去、乾燥してそれぞれのＰE画分１３.６ｇ，２０.０ｇ
を得た。一方、上に得られたアンモニア含有エタノール
の抽出残渣を乾燥して、粉末状のＰＩ・ＰＡ画分５９ｇ
を得た。得られた各画分及び原料ペーストレシチンの分
析値を、表４に示す。この結果から、ＰＥ/ＰＣ比は、
原料レシチン中では、０.８であったものが、第１回析
出物では１.３に、また第２回析出物では３.２となり、
後者のものでは約４倍に上昇した。しかも抽出残渣に残
存するＰＥとＰＣの量は極めて少なく、４成分中にしめ
るＰＩ・ＰＡ画分の比率は、原料レシチン中での３０.
０％から９４.５％に上昇した。To 30 g of each extract obtained above, 70 g of ethanol was added, and the mixture was heated and dissolved.
Left overnight at ° C. The deposited precipitate was collected, and the solvent was distilled off and dried. Each of the PE fractions was 13.6 g and 20.0 g.
I got On the other hand, the ammonia-containing ethanol extraction residue obtained above was dried to obtain a powdery PI / PA fraction of 59 g.
I got Table 4 shows the analysis values of the obtained fractions and the raw material paste lecithin. From these results, the PE / PC ratio is
In the raw material lecithin, it was 0.8, but in the first precipitate it was 1.3, and in the second precipitate it was 3.2,
The latter increased about four-fold. Moreover, the amount of PE and PC remaining in the extraction residue is extremely small, and the ratio of the PI / PA fraction in the four components is 30.
It rose from 0% to 94.5%.

【００３５】[0035]

【表４】 [Table 4]

【００３６】実施例４ 実施例３と同様なペースト状レシチンを用い、その５２
０ｇに４％含水エタノール１.３Ｌを加え、室温で１５
分攪拌して抽出を行い、得られた抽出残渣に再度４％含
水エタノール１.３Ｌを加えて同様の抽出操作を繰り返
した。２回の抽出液部分はＰＣ用原料とした。Example 4 The same paste-like lecithin as in Example 3 was used.
Add 1.3 L of 4% aqueous ethanol to 0 g, and add 15 L at room temperature.
Extraction was carried out by stirring for a minute, and 1.3 L of 4% aqueous ethanol was again added to the obtained extraction residue, and the same extraction operation was repeated. Two extraction liquid portions were used as raw materials for PC.

【００３７】得られた抽出残渣４５０ｇ（不揮発分とし
て３４０ｇ）を、０.８％アンモニア含有エタノール１.
７Ｌを用いて、実施例３と同様の操作で計３回の抽出、
分離操作を行った。抽出液は常温に冷却後、生じた少量
の析出物を濾別し、３回分の抽出液をまとめて、溶質濃
度として２９.３％となるまで濃縮した後、０℃に冷却
して、析出するＰＥ画分９０ｇ、（収率１７.３％）を
回収した。その分析値は、Ｐ：１.７３％、ＰＥ：５２.
３％、ＰＣ：１９.３％、ＰＩ：１３.６％、ＰＡ：１.
１％であった。The obtained extraction residue (450 g, 340 g as a non-volatile content) was mixed with 0.8% ammonia-containing ethanol (1.4 g).
Using 7L, extraction was performed three times in the same manner as in Example 3,
A separation operation was performed. After the extract was cooled to room temperature, a small amount of the resulting precipitate was separated by filtration, and the extracts for three times were combined, concentrated to a solute concentration of 29.3%, and then cooled to 0 ° C. 90 g of the obtained PE fraction (17.3% yield) was recovered. The analysis values were as follows: P: 1.73%, PE: 52.
3%, PC: 19.3%, PI: 13.6%, PA: 1.
1%.

【００３８】一方、上記３回の抽出操作で抽出液を分離
した残渣部分を６０℃で真空乾燥して、粉末状のＰＩ・
ＰＡ画分１００ｇを得た。また、上記と同じ３回の抽出
操作を、アンモニアを含まないエタノールを用いて行っ
て得られたＰＩ・ＰＡ画分の分析値を比較のため表５に
示した。本発明の方法によって、アンモニア含有エタノ
ールを抽出溶媒とすることにより、ＰＩ・ＰＡ画分から
ほぼ完全にＰＥが分離、除去されることが認められる。On the other hand, the residue obtained by separating the extract by the above three extraction operations is vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. to obtain a powdery PI.
100 g of the PA fraction was obtained. In addition, the analysis values of the PI / PA fraction obtained by performing the same three extraction operations as above using ethanol containing no ammonia are shown in Table 5 for comparison. It is recognized that PE is almost completely separated and removed from the PI / PA fraction by using ammonia-containing ethanol as the extraction solvent according to the method of the present invention.

【００３９】[0039]

【表５】 [Table 5]

【００４０】実施例５ 実施例１と同様な粉末レシチン４００ｇと、３％含水エ
タノール１.５Ｌとをアジホモミキサー用の容器に入
れ、２５℃で２０分攪拌を行い、固・液を分離し、抽出
液はＰＣ分別用原料とした。濾取残渣５００ｇ（不揮発
分として３２１ｇ）は，２.０Ｌの０.８％アンモニア含
有エタノールと混合して、実施例１と同様に処理して、
２回抽出を行った。得られた抽出液を合わせ、常温に冷
却、液中に存在する少量の析出物を除いた後、溶媒を溜
去して、９９％以上に濃縮して樹脂状の固形物１３６ｇ
を得た。この固形物にエタノール３２０ｇを加え、加熱
して溶解した。次いでこの溶液を０℃で３０分間放置
し、生成した固形物を分取、乾燥して固形PE画分８２.
３ｇを得た。その分析値は、Ｐ：２.９８％、ＰＥ：５
６.３％、ＰＣ：２４.９％、ＰＩ：５.４％、ＰＡ：０.
４％であった。Example 5 400 g of powdered lecithin as in Example 1 and 1.5 L of 3% aqueous ethanol were placed in a container for an azihomomixer, and stirred at 25 ° C. for 20 minutes to separate solid and liquid. The extract was used as a raw material for PC separation. 500 g of the filtration residue (321 g as a nonvolatile matter) was mixed with 2.0 L of ethanol containing 0.8% ammonia and treated in the same manner as in Example 1.
Two extractions were performed. The obtained extracts were combined, cooled to room temperature, and after removing a small amount of precipitates present in the liquid, the solvent was distilled off and concentrated to 99% or more to obtain 136 g of a resinous solid.
I got To this solid, 320 g of ethanol was added and dissolved by heating. The solution was then left at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the resulting solid was separated and dried to obtain a solid PE fraction of 82.
3 g were obtained. The analysis values were as follows: P: 2.98%, PE: 5
6.3%, PC: 24.9%, PI: 5.4%, PA: 0.4%
4%.

【００４１】また、上記の０.８％アンモニア含有エタ
ノールによる抽出操作において、固液分離して得られた
抽出残渣を乾燥して、粉末状のPI・PA画分１８.２ｇを
得た。その分析値は、Ｐ：２.５８％、ＰＥ：１.７％、
ＰＣ：０.７％、ＰＩ：４１.９％、ＰＡ：２０.９％で
あった。The extraction residue obtained by solid-liquid separation in the above extraction operation with 0.8% ammonia-containing ethanol was dried to obtain 18.2 g of a powdery PI / PA fraction. The analysis values were as follows: P: 2.58%, PE: 1.7%,
PC: 0.7%, PI: 41.9%, PA: 20.9%.

【００４２】実施例６ 粉末レシチン１９７ｇと、３.２％アンモニア含有エタ
ノール２.０Ｌとを、実施例１と同様に処理し、１回の
抽出操作後濾別して得た抽出液を室温に冷却、生じた析
出物を除去した後、溶媒を溜去して、樹脂状半固体９
４.８ｇを得た。この半固体をエタノール２２０ｇに加
熱、溶解せしめ、溶液を０℃に冷却し、生成した固形物
を分取、乾燥して半個体のＰＥ画分４６.７ｇ（収率２
３.７％）を得た。その分析値は、Ｐ：２.９７％、Ｐ
Ｅ：４８.５％、ＰＣ：２９.９％、ＰＩ：７.０％、Ｐ
Ａ：０.０％であった。Example 6 197 g of powdered lecithin and 2.0 L of 3.2% ammonia-containing ethanol were treated in the same manner as in Example 1, and after one extraction operation, the extract obtained by filtration was cooled to room temperature. After removing the generated precipitate, the solvent was distilled off, and the resinous semi-solid 9 was removed.
4.8 g were obtained. The semi-solid was heated and dissolved in 220 g of ethanol, the solution was cooled to 0 ° C., and the resulting solid was separated and dried to obtain 46.7 g of a semi-solid PE fraction (yield 2).
3.7%). The analytical value is P: 2.97%, P
E: 48.5%, PC: 29.9%, PI: 7.0%, P
A: It was 0.0%.

【００４３】一方、抽出操作で得た抽出残渣を乾燥し
て、粉末状のＰＩ・ＰＡ画分５３.５ｇ（収率２７.２
％）を得た。その分析値は、Ｐ：２.５４％、ＰＥ：１.
７％、ＰＣ：０.０％、ＰＩ：３８.２％、ＰＡ：２６.
３％であった。On the other hand, the extraction residue obtained by the extraction operation was dried to obtain 53.5 g of a powdery PI / PA fraction (yield 27.2 g).
%). The analysis values were as follows: P: 2.54%, PE: 1.
7%, PC: 0.0%, PI: 38.2%, PA: 26.
3%.

【００４４】[0044]

【発明の効果】以上の如く、本発明は、各種のリン脂質
を主成分として含有するレシチンから、効率よくＰＥ、
ＰＣ及びＰＩとＰＡの混合物を簡単且つ容易な操作で分
別して、工業的に安価にこれらの画分を製造することが
出来、かくして得られる各画分を適宜配合することによ
り、任意の乳化特性を得ることが出来る。また、従来は
除去し難い不純物としてのＰＥを含むため、品質不良で
あったリン脂質類は本発明によりＰＥが容易に除去され
て、高品質化することが可能となった。また従来は利用
されることのなかったレシチンからエタノール抽出によ
りＰＣを分離した残渣からも、ＰＥ画分及びＰＩ・ＰＡ
画分を高純度、高濃度に得ることが可能となり、それぞ
れの有効利用が図られる。As described above, the present invention provides a method for efficiently producing PE, from lecithin containing various phospholipids as a main component.
By fractionating the mixture of PC and PI and PA by simple and easy operation, these fractions can be produced industrially at low cost, and by appropriately blending the respective fractions thus obtained, any emulsifying property can be obtained. Can be obtained. In addition, since the present invention contains PE as an impurity which is difficult to remove conventionally, poor quality phospholipids can be easily removed by the present invention to improve the quality of the phospholipids. In addition, the PE fraction and PI • PA were also obtained from the residue obtained by separating PC from lecithin that had not been used conventionally by ethanol extraction.
Fractions can be obtained with high purity and high concentration, and each can be effectively used.

Claims (8)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 レシチンをアンモニア含有エタノールと
室温乃至７０℃において混合、攪拌、濾過して、不溶性
画分として高濃度のホスファチジルイノシトール及びホ
スファチジン酸を取得し、濾液を濃縮、溶媒を溜去して
高濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン画分及びホス
ファチジルコリン画分を分別、取得することを特徴とす
るレシチンから高濃度のリン脂質類を分別・製造する方
法。1. Lecithin is mixed with ethanol containing ammonia at room temperature to 70 ° C., stirred and filtered to obtain high concentrations of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid as insoluble fractions, and the filtrate is concentrated and the solvent is distilled off. A method for separating and producing a high-concentration phospholipid from lecithin, comprising separating and obtaining a high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine fraction and a phosphatidylcholine fraction. 【請求項２】 レシチンをエタノールと混合、攪拌、分
離して得られる不溶性画分を、アンモニア含有エタノー
ルと室温乃至７０℃で混合、攪拌、濾過して、不溶性画
分として高濃度のホスファチジルイノシトール及びホス
ファチジン酸を取得し、濾液を濃縮、溶媒を溜去して高
濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン画分及びホスフ
ァチジルコリン画分を分別、取得することを特徴とする
レシチンから高濃度のリン脂質類を分別・製造する方
法。2. An insoluble fraction obtained by mixing, stirring and separating lecithin with ethanol, mixing with ammonia-containing ethanol at room temperature to 70 ° C., stirring and filtering to obtain a high concentration of phosphatidylinositol as an insoluble fraction. Obtain phosphatidic acid, concentrate the filtrate, evaporate the solvent and separate and obtain high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine fraction and phosphatidylcholine fraction. Separation and production of high-concentration phospholipids from lecithin how to. 【請求項３】 前記アンモニア含有エタノールが０.３
〜１０重量％のアンモニアを含有している請求項１又は
２の高濃度リン脂質類の分別・製造方法。3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the ammonia-containing ethanol is 0.3.
The method for fractionating / producing high-concentration phospholipids according to claim 1 or 2, which contains 10 to 10% by weight of ammonia. 【請求項４】 前記アンモニア含有エタノールが５重量
％以下の水を含有している請求項１、２又は３の高濃度
リン脂質類の分別・製造方法。4. The method for fractionating and producing high-concentration phospholipids according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia-containing ethanol contains 5% by weight or less of water. 【請求項５】 前記請求項１乃至４における、レシチン
をアンモニア含有エタノールと室温乃至７０℃において
混合、攪拌、濾過して、不溶性画分として高濃度のホス
ファチジルイノシトール及びホスファチジン酸を濾去し
て得られる高濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン及
びホスファチジルコリン含有濾液を濃縮しアンモニア除
いた後、冷却し、析出する高濃度のホスファチジルエタ
ノールアミンの沈殿を分別、乾固し、濾液を蒸発乾固し
て高濃度のホスファチジルコリンを取得することを特徴
とする高濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン又はホ
スファチジルコリンの製造方法。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lecithin is mixed with ethanol containing ammonia at room temperature to 70 ° C., stirred and filtered to remove high concentrations of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid as an insoluble fraction. The filtrate containing high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine is concentrated to remove ammonia, then cooled, and the precipitate of high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine that precipitates is separated and dried.The filtrate is evaporated to dryness to obtain high-concentration phosphatidylcholine. A method for producing high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine, characterized in that: 【請求項６】 前記請求項１乃至５における、レシチン
をアンモニア含有エタノールと室温乃至７０℃において
混合、攪拌、濾過して、不溶性画分として高濃度のホス
ファチジルイノシトール及びホスファチジン酸を濾去し
て得られる高濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン及
びホスファチジルコリン含有濾液を、溶質濃度が４〜５
０重量％まで濃縮し、アンモニアを除去することを特徴
とする請求項５の方法。6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lecithin is mixed with ethanol containing ammonia at room temperature to 70 ° C., stirred and filtered to obtain a high concentration of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid as an insoluble fraction by filtration. The filtrate containing high concentrations of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine is filtered to a solute concentration of 4-5.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the concentration is reduced to 0% by weight to remove ammonia. 【請求項７】 前記請求項１乃至４における、レシチン
をアンモニア含有エタノールと室温乃至７０℃において
混合、攪拌、濾過して、不溶性画分として高濃度のホス
ファチジルイノシトール及びホスファチジン酸を濾去し
て得られる高濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン及
びホスファチジルコリン含有濾液を、溶質濃度が８０重
量％以上になるまで濃縮し、次いでこの濃縮物にエタノ
ールを加えて加熱、溶解した後、冷却し、析出する高濃
度のホスファチジルエタノールアミンの沈殿を分別、乾
固し、濾液を蒸発乾固して高濃度のホスファチジルコリ
ンを取得することを特徴とする高濃度のホスファチジル
エタノールアミン及び又はホスファチジルコリンの製造
方法。7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lecithin is mixed with ethanol containing ammonia at room temperature to 70 ° C., stirred and filtered to obtain a high concentration of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid as an insoluble fraction by filtration. The filtrate containing high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine obtained is concentrated until the solute concentration becomes 80% by weight or more, and then ethanol is added to the concentrate, which is heated and dissolved, cooled, and cooled to precipitate a high-concentration phosphatidyl precipitate. A method for producing high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine and / or phosphatidylcholine, comprising separating and drying a precipitate of ethanolamine and evaporating the filtrate to dryness to obtain a high-concentration phosphatidylcholine. 【請求項８】 前記冷却温度が１０℃以下である請求項
５の高濃度のホスファチジルエタノールアミン又はホス
ファチジルコリンの製造方法。8. The method for producing high-concentration phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine according to claim 5, wherein the cooling temperature is 10 ° C. or lower.