JPH10227613A - Optical type non-contact displacement measurement method and auxiliary tool used for it - Google Patents
Optical type non-contact displacement measurement method and auxiliary tool used for itInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10227613A JPH10227613A JP4724497A JP4724497A JPH10227613A JP H10227613 A JPH10227613 A JP H10227613A JP 4724497 A JP4724497 A JP 4724497A JP 4724497 A JP4724497 A JP 4724497A JP H10227613 A JPH10227613 A JP H10227613A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- test piece
- slit
- displacement
- test
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は光学式非接触変位測
定方法およびそれに用いられる補助具に関する。さらに
詳しくは、高温材料の引張試験における試験片の形状を
簡素化できる光学式非接触変位測定方法およびそれに用
いられる補助具に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical non-contact displacement measuring method and an auxiliary tool used for the method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an optical non-contact displacement measuring method capable of simplifying the shape of a test piece in a tensile test of a high-temperature material and an auxiliary tool used for the method.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】セラミックスやセラミックス系複合材料
などの高温材料の研究を行う場合、それらの材料を、例
えば１０００℃以上の高温で材料試験を行うことが必要
不可欠となる。2. Description of the Related Art When conducting research on high-temperature materials such as ceramics and ceramic-based composite materials, it is indispensable to conduct a material test on those materials at a high temperature of, for example, 1000 ° C. or higher.
【０００３】ところが、このような高温域では従来より
引張試験において用いられていたストレインゲージは使
用できず、またそれ用の治具や試験機自体も変形するな
どのためにそれらも使用することができない。つまり、
従来より用いられていた試験機などによっては、かかる
高温域では引張試験がなしえない。[0003] However, in such a high temperature range, strain gauges conventionally used in tensile tests cannot be used, and such jigs and test machines themselves are also deformed. Can not. That is,
A tensile test cannot be performed in such a high-temperature range depending on a testing machine or the like conventionally used.
【０００４】そこで、かかる高温域での引張試験は、レ
ーザー光線を用いた光学的計測方法によりなされてい
る。例えば、図７に示すように、試験片Ｔ´に目印とな
る突起を一体的に形成するかあるいは接合するかして設
け、ついでこの突起にレーザ光線を照射してそれをカメ
ラにより画像として取り込み、しかるのちこの画像を画
像処理装置により画像処理し、さらにコンピュータによ
り演算処理して変位を算出するといったような測定方法
が採られている。図８は、かかる測定方法に用いられる
変位測定装置Ａのブロック図である。なお、図８におい
て、符号Ｃはコンピュータを示し、符号ＶはＣＣＤカメ
ラを示し、符号Ｄは画像処理装置を示し、Ｍは引張試験
機を示す。Therefore, the tensile test in such a high temperature range is performed by an optical measurement method using a laser beam. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, a protrusion serving as a mark is integrally formed on or bonded to a test piece T ', and then provided with a laser beam, and the protrusion is captured as an image by a camera. Thereafter, a measurement method is employed in which the image is processed by an image processing apparatus, and further, the displacement is calculated by performing an arithmetic processing by a computer. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a displacement measuring device A used in such a measuring method. In FIG. 8, reference symbol C indicates a computer, reference symbol V indicates a CCD camera, reference symbol D indicates an image processing device, and reference symbol M indicates a tensile tester.
【０００５】しかしながら、試験片Ｔ´にかかる突起を
一体的あるいは接合により形成することについては、次
のような問題がある。However, forming the projections on the test piece T 'integrally or by joining has the following problems.
【０００６】（１）試験片Ｔ´の突起を一体的に形成し
た場合、当然のことながら試験片Ｔ´の形状が複雑とな
るため、精度よく試験片Ｔ´を製作することが困難とな
る。特に、セラミックスやセラミックス系複合材料など
は加工性が悪いために、複雑な形状の試験片Ｔ´を精度
よく製作することは極めて困難となる。また、加工が困
難であるところから、必然的に試験片Ｔ´の製作コスト
は高くなる。さらに、精度のよい加工がなし得ないた
め、突起を設けた個所に応力集中が生じ、その部分から
亀裂が生じ、本来の材料強度が確認できない。つまり、
試験片の製作にバラツキが生じやすく、またそのバラツ
キに測定結果が左右されるので、信頼性が低下するとい
う事態を招来する。(1) When the protrusions of the test piece T 'are formed integrally, the shape of the test piece T' is naturally complicated, so that it is difficult to manufacture the test piece T 'with high accuracy. . In particular, since ceramics and ceramics-based composite materials have poor workability, it is extremely difficult to accurately produce a test piece T ′ having a complicated shape. In addition, since the processing is difficult, the manufacturing cost of the test piece T 'inevitably increases. Furthermore, since accurate processing cannot be performed, stress concentration occurs at a portion where the protrusion is provided, and a crack is generated from that portion, so that the original material strength cannot be confirmed. That is,
Variations are likely to occur in the manufacture of the test pieces, and the measurement results depend on the variations, which leads to a situation in which the reliability is reduced.
【０００７】（２）一方、試験片Ｔ´に突起を接合によ
り形成した場合、前述した高温域においては溶着金属が
流動化し、接合により形成された突起の脱落や移動が生
ずる。つまり、この場合も測定結果の信頼性が低下する
という事態を招来する。(2) On the other hand, when the projections are formed on the test piece T 'by joining, the deposited metal is fluidized in the high-temperature region described above, and the projections formed by joining fall off or move. That is, in this case, the reliability of the measurement result is reduced.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はかかる従来技
術の課題に鑑みなされたものであって、試験片を複雑な
形状とすることなく、変位測定がなし得る光学式非接触
変位測定測定方法およびそれに用いる補助具を提供する
ことを目的としている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and has an optical non-contact displacement measuring method capable of measuring displacement without making a test piece a complicated shape. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary tool used for the same.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の光学式非接触変
位測定方法は、試験片に補助具を一対装着して変位測定
のためのスリットを形成した後、引張試験をなすことを
特徴とする。The optical non-contact displacement measuring method according to the present invention is characterized in that a pair of auxiliary tools is attached to a test piece to form a slit for measuring displacement, and then a tensile test is performed. I do.
【００１０】ここで、前記補助具は、例えば試験片が差
し込まれる差し込み部およびスリット形成のための測定
部を有する主部材と、前記差し込み部に試験片が差し込
まれた状態で主部材と試験片との隙間に差し込まれて両
者を固定する固定部材とからなるものとされる。Here, the auxiliary tool includes, for example, a main member having an insertion portion into which a test piece is inserted and a measuring portion for forming a slit, and a main member and a test piece in a state where the test piece is inserted into the insertion portion. And a fixing member that is inserted into the gap between the two and fixes the two.
【００１１】また、前記主部材は、例えば試験片が差し
込まれる一辺が傾斜している台形状の切欠きを有する差
し込み部と、この差し込み部と直角をなして一体的に形
成されている先端部がくさび状とされている測定部とを
有するものとされる。Further, the main member has, for example, an insertion portion having a trapezoidal notch in which one side into which a test piece is inserted is inclined, and a tip portion which is formed integrally at a right angle with the insertion portion. And a measuring part having a wedge shape.
【００１２】[0012]
【作用】本発明の光学式非接触変位測定方法において
は、試験片に補助具を一対装着して変位測定のためのス
リットを形成した後、引張試験を行っているので、一般
的に難加工性を有する高温材料、特にセラミックスやセ
ラミックス系複合材料に特殊な加工を施すことなく、変
位測定を行うことができる。In the optical non-contact displacement measuring method of the present invention, a pair of auxiliary tools is attached to a test piece to form a slit for displacement measurement, and then a tensile test is performed. Displacement measurement can be performed without performing special processing on high-temperature materials having properties, particularly ceramics and ceramic-based composite materials.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、添付図面を参照しながら本
発明を実施の形態に基づいて説明するが、本発明はかか
る実施の形態のみに限定されるものではない。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only such embodiments.
【００１４】本発明の光学式非接触変位測定方法（以
下、単に変位測定方法という）に用いる補助具１の一実
施の形態を図１に斜視図で示す。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of an auxiliary tool 1 used for an optical non-contact displacement measuring method (hereinafter, simply referred to as a displacement measuring method) of the present invention.
【００１５】この補助具１は、試験片Ｔがその幅方向に
沿って差し込まれる差し込み部２および測定部３を有す
る概略アングル状に形成された主部材１０と、この主部
材１０を試験片Ｔの所定位置で固定するための固定部材
２０とからなるものである。そして、この補助具１の材
質は大気中で使用される試験片Ｔに用いる場合には、例
えばセラミックとされ、また真空中や不活性ガス中で使
用される試験片Ｔに用いる場合には、例えばカーボンと
される。The auxiliary tool 1 has a main member 10 formed in a substantially angled shape having an insertion portion 2 and a measuring portion 3 into which a test piece T is inserted along its width direction, and the main member 10 is connected to the test piece T And a fixing member 20 for fixing at a predetermined position. When the material of the auxiliary tool 1 is used for a test piece T used in the atmosphere, the material is, for example, ceramic. When used for a test piece T used in a vacuum or an inert gas, For example, carbon.
【００１６】主部材１０は、図２をも参照すると、垂直
部１１にはその先端面１１ａを底辺とし、一辺がその側
面１１ｂと平行とされている台形状の切欠き１２が設け
られており、また水平部１３は両側から所定幅はで切り
欠かれるとともに、その先端部１３ａは先端面１３ｂを
所定幅で残したくさび状とされている。そして、変位測
定の際、この台形状の切欠き１２に試験片Ｔが差し込ま
れる。つまり、この台形状の切欠き１２が差し込み部２
を形成している。Referring to FIG. 2, the main member 10 is provided with a trapezoidal notch 12 having a vertical portion 11 having a tip end surface 11a as a base and one side being parallel to a side surface 11b. The horizontal portion 13 is cut out from both sides by a predetermined width, and the front end portion 13a is formed in a wedge shape with the front end surface 13b left at a predetermined width. Then, at the time of measuring the displacement, the test piece T is inserted into the trapezoidal notch 12. In other words, the trapezoidal notch 12 is
Is formed.
【００１７】固定部材２０は、図３をも参照すると、一
辺が垂直とされている台形状に形成されている。この台
形状の固定部材２０の斜辺は、主部材１０の垂直部１１
に設けられている台形状の切欠き１２の斜辺１２ａに対
応した傾斜とされている。また、そのサイズは前記台形
状の切欠き１２に試験片Ｔが差し込まれた場合に、それ
の固定がなし得る大きさとされている。Referring to FIG. 3, the fixing member 20 is formed in a trapezoidal shape with one side being vertical. The oblique side of the trapezoidal fixing member 20 is the vertical portion 11 of the main member 10.
Of the trapezoidal notch 12 provided on the side surface of the notch 12 have a slope corresponding to the oblique side 12a. Further, the size is such that when the test piece T is inserted into the trapezoidal notch 12, it can be fixed.
【００１８】次に、かかる構成とされている補助具１を
用いた変位測定方法について説明する。なお、この測定
にあたってはこの補助具１を一対用いる。Next, a description will be given of a displacement measuring method using the auxiliary tool 1 having such a configuration. In this measurement, a pair of the auxiliary tools 1 is used.
【００１９】（１）各主部材１０の水平部１３のやじり
状に形成された先端部１３ａを対向させた状態で、各主
部材１０の垂直部１１の切欠き１２に試験片Ｔを差し込
む。(1) A test piece T is inserted into the notch 12 of the vertical portion 11 of each main member 10 in a state where the barbed tip 13a of the horizontal portion 13 of each main member 10 faces each other.
【００２０】（２）試験片Ｔと主部材１０の垂直部１１
との隙間に固定部材２０を主部材１０が試験片Ｔの長手
方向沿ってスライドできる程度に差し込む。(2) The test piece T and the vertical portion 11 of the main member 10
Then, the fixing member 20 is inserted into the gap between them so that the main member 10 can slide along the longitudinal direction of the test piece T.
【００２１】（３）主部材１０の水平部１３の先端面１
３ｂ，１３ｂ間に形成されるスリット４の幅を所望幅に
調整した後、固定部材２０をさらに差し込んで主部材１
０を固定する。これにより、補助具１，１が試験片Ｔに
装着されて準備が完了する。図４は補助具１，１を短冊
状試験片Ｔに装着した場合を示し、図５は補助具１，１
をダンベル状試験片Ｔに装着した場合を示す。(3) Tip surface 1 of horizontal portion 13 of main member 10
After adjusting the width of the slit 4 formed between 3b and 13b to a desired width, the fixing member 20 is further inserted and the main member 1 is inserted.
0 is fixed. Thereby, the auxiliary tools 1 and 1 are mounted on the test piece T, and the preparation is completed. FIG. 4 shows a case where the auxiliary tools 1 and 1 are mounted on a strip-shaped test piece T, and FIG.
Is attached to a dumbbell-shaped test piece T.
【００２２】（４）補助具１，１が装着された試験片Ｔ
を引張試験機にセットする。(4) Test piece T with auxiliary tools 1, 1
Is set on a tensile tester.
【００２３】（５）試験片Ｔの補助具１，１間に形成さ
れているスリット４に向けてレーザ光線を照射する。(5) A laser beam is irradiated toward the slit 4 formed between the auxiliary tools 1 and 1 of the test piece T.
【００２４】（６）レーザ光線により照射されているス
リット４部を撮像して画像処理装置に送出する。この場
合、得られる画像はスリット４の部分が明画像となり、
主部材１０の水平部１３の部分は暗画像となる。(6) Image the slit 4 irradiated by the laser beam and send it to the image processing device. In this case, the obtained image is a bright image at the slit 4 portion,
The horizontal portion 13 of the main member 10 becomes a dark image.
【００２５】（７）引張試験機を動作させて試験片の引
張試験を行う。すると、スリット４の幅が広がるので、
画像処理装置における明画像の範囲が広がる。なお、図
６は補助具１，１が装着されたダンベル状試験片Ｔが破
断した状態を示す。(7) A tensile tester is operated to perform a tensile test on the test piece. Then, since the width of the slit 4 increases,
The range of a bright image in the image processing device is widened. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the dumbbell-shaped test piece T on which the auxiliary tools 1 and 1 are mounted is broken.
【００２６】（８）変位測定装置は、この明画像の変化
を従来と同様にして演算処理することにより変位を算出
する。(8) The displacement measuring device calculates the displacement by performing arithmetic processing on the change of the bright image in the same manner as in the prior art.
【００２７】このように、この実施の形態によれば、試
験片Ｔに特殊な加工を施すことなく変位の測定がなし得
る。また、試験片Ｔが単純な形状とできるため、従来の
ように加工部から試験中に亀裂などが生ずるというおそ
れもない。つまり、試験片Ｔの製作のバラツキに起因す
る測定のバラツキがなくなる。その結果、測定精度が向
上する。さらに、試験片の形状が単純なものとなるか
ら、そのコストが著しく低下する。As described above, according to this embodiment, the displacement can be measured without performing special processing on the test piece T. Further, since the test piece T can be formed in a simple shape, there is no possibility that a crack or the like is generated from the processed portion during the test as in the related art. In other words, there is no variation in the measurement caused by the variation in the manufacture of the test piece T. As a result, measurement accuracy is improved. Furthermore, the cost of the test piece is significantly reduced because the shape of the test piece becomes simple.
【００２８】以上、本発明を実施の形態に基づいて説明
してきたが、本発明はかかる実施の形態のみに限定され
るものではない。例えば、主部材の形状は図示のものに
限定されるものではなく、試験片に装着がなし得、しか
も所定幅のスリットが形成できるものであれば、適宜形
状となし得る。As described above, the present invention has been described based on the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to only such embodiments. For example, the shape of the main member is not limited to the one shown in the drawing, but may be any shape as long as it can be attached to the test piece and a slit having a predetermined width can be formed.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明によれば試
験片に特殊な加工を施すことなく変位の測定がなし得る
という優れた効果がえられる。また、試験試験片が単純
な形状とできるため、従来のように加工部から試験中に
亀裂などが生ずるというおそれもなくなり、試験片の製
作誤差に起因するバラツキがなくなるので、測定精度が
向上するという効果も得られる。さらに、試験片の形状
が単純なものとできるため、そのコストを著しく低減で
きるという効果も得られる。As described in detail above, according to the present invention, there is obtained an excellent effect that the displacement can be measured without performing special processing on the test piece. In addition, since the test specimen can be formed in a simple shape, there is no possibility that a crack or the like is generated during the test from the processed portion as in the related art, and the variation due to the manufacturing error of the test specimen is eliminated, so that the measurement accuracy is improved. The effect is also obtained. Further, since the shape of the test piece can be made simple, the effect that the cost can be significantly reduced can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の測定方法に用いられる補助具の斜視図
である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an auxiliary tool used in a measurement method of the present invention.
【図２】同補助具の主部材の三面図であって、同（ａ）
は側面図、同（ｂ）は正面図、同（ｃ）は平面図をそれ
ぞれ示す。を示す。FIG. 2 is a three-view drawing of a main member of the auxiliary tool, and FIG.
3B is a side view, FIG. 3B is a front view, and FIG. 3C is a plan view. Is shown.
【図３】同補助具の固定部材の三面図であって、同
（ａ）は平面図、同（ｂ）は側面図をそれぞれ示す。FIGS. 3A and 3B are three views of a fixing member of the auxiliary tool, wherein FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a side view.
【図４】同補助具を短冊状試験片に装着した状態を示
す。FIG. 4 shows a state where the auxiliary tool is mounted on a strip-shaped test piece.
【図５】同補助具をダンベル状試験片に装着した状態を
示す。FIG. 5 shows a state in which the auxiliary tool is mounted on a dumbbell-shaped test piece.
【図６】同補助具が装着されたダンベル状試験片が破断
した状態を示す。FIG. 6 shows a state in which the dumbbell-shaped test piece on which the auxiliary tool is mounted is broken.
【図７】従来の測定用突起が形成された試験片の平面図
である。FIG. 7 is a plan view of a conventional test piece on which a measurement projection is formed.
【図８】光学式非接触変位測定装置のブロック図であ
る。FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an optical non-contact displacement measuring device.
１ 補助具 ２ 差し込み部 ３ 測定部 ４ スリット １０ 主部材 １１ 垂直部 １２ 台形状の切欠き １３ 水平部 ２０ 固定部材 Ｔ 試験片 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Auxiliary tool 2 Insertion part 3 Measuring part 4 Slit 10 Main member 11 Vertical part 12 Trapezoidal notch 13 Horizontal part 20 Fixing member T Test piece
Claims (3)
のためのスリットを形成した後、引張試験をなすことを
特徴とする光学式非接触変位測定方法。1. An optical non-contact displacement measuring method, comprising: attaching a pair of auxiliary tools to a test piece, forming a slit for measuring displacement, and then performing a tensile test.
スリット形成のための測定部を有する主部材と、前記差
し込み部に試験片が差し込まれた状態で主部材と試験片
との隙間に差し込まれて両者を固定する固定部材とから
なることを特徴とする光学式非接触変位測定用補助具。2. A main member having an insertion portion into which a test piece is inserted and a measuring portion for forming a slit, and a main member having a test piece inserted into the insertion portion and inserted into a gap between the main member and the test piece. An optical non-contact displacement measuring aid, comprising: a fixing member for fixing the both.
辺が傾斜している台形状の切欠きを有する差し込み部
と、この差し込み部と直角をなして一体的に形成されて
いる先端部がくさび状とされている測定部とを有するこ
とを特徴とする請求項２記載の補助具。3. The main member has an insertion portion having a trapezoidal notch in which one side into which a test piece is inserted is inclined, and a tip portion formed at a right angle with the insertion portion and integrally formed. 3. The assisting tool according to claim 2, further comprising a wedge-shaped measuring section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4724497A JPH10227613A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Optical type non-contact displacement measurement method and auxiliary tool used for it |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4724497A JPH10227613A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Optical type non-contact displacement measurement method and auxiliary tool used for it |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10227613A true JPH10227613A (en) | 1998-08-25 |
Family
ID=12769830
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4724497A Withdrawn JPH10227613A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Optical type non-contact displacement measurement method and auxiliary tool used for it |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10227613A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103940340A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-23 | 东莞市天勤仪器有限公司 | Automatic image measuring apparatus and image measuring method |
-
1997
- 1997-02-13 JP JP4724497A patent/JPH10227613A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103940340A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-23 | 东莞市天勤仪器有限公司 | Automatic image measuring apparatus and image measuring method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20040511 |