JPH10224795A - Moving image coding method, decoding method, coder and decoder - Google Patents

Moving image coding method, decoding method, coder and decoder

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Publication number
JPH10224795A
JPH10224795A JP1872597A JP1872597A JPH10224795A JP H10224795 A JPH10224795 A JP H10224795A JP 1872597 A JP1872597 A JP 1872597A JP 1872597 A JP1872597 A JP 1872597A JP H10224795 A JPH10224795 A JP H10224795A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
image
frame number
prediction
coded
data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1872597A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yutaka Watanabe
裕 渡辺
Hirotaka Jiyosawa
裕尚 如沢
Kazuto Kamikura
一人 上倉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp filed Critical Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
Priority to JP1872597A priority Critical patent/JPH10224795A/en
Publication of JPH10224795A publication Critical patent/JPH10224795A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T9/00—Image coding
    • G06T9/004—Predictors, e.g. intraframe, interframe coding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce coding information by improving an inter-frame prediction efficiency in the case of coding a moving image through the use of inter-frame prediction. SOLUTION: A frame number coding image memory 5 stores a reference frame number in time series and a reference image corresponding to the reference frame number. A reference image designation section 3 gives a reference frame number 6 to a frame number coding image memory 5 to obtain a reference image 7 of the reference frame number 6 and generates a prediction image 4 and outputs the reference frame number data 9 obtained by coding the reference frame number 6. A prediction processing section 2 compares an input image 1 with the prediction image 4 to provide an output of a prediction error image 8. The prediction error image 8 is coded by a prediction error coding section 10 into coded data 11. A multiplex processing section 12 multiplexes the coded data 11 and the reference frame number data 9 and provides an output of the result to a decoder as multiplexed coded data 13.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は動画像をフレーム間
予測を用いて符号化する動画像符号化方法および復号方
法に関する。[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a moving picture coding method and a decoding method for coding a moving picture using inter-frame prediction.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の方法では、ひとつの参照画像を用
いるフレーム間予測符号化では、予測の方向が時系列で
見て古いフレームから新しいフレームを予測する方法が
とられていた。そのため単純なフレーム間予測では逆方
向予測が行えない。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional method, in inter-frame prediction coding using one reference image, a method of predicting a new frame from an old frame in a prediction direction in a time series has been adopted. Therefore, backward prediction cannot be performed with simple inter-frame prediction.

【０００３】また、フレーム内挿予測の場合には、上記
のフレーム間予測符号化されたフレームのうち、処理順
序で見て連続する二つのフレームを基準フレームとし、
時系列で見てそれらの基準フレームの間にはさまれるフ
レームのみ、両方の基準フレームを参照画像として用い
ることができる。二つの基準フレームを参照画像として
予測するフレームは、それ以後の符号化処理において、
参照画像として使用することはできなかった。[0003] In the case of frame interpolation prediction, two frames that are continuous in the processing order among the frames that have been subjected to the inter-frame prediction coding are set as reference frames.
Only frames that fall between these reference frames in chronological order can use both reference frames as reference images. A frame that predicts two reference frames as a reference image is subjected to subsequent encoding processing.
It could not be used as a reference image.

【０００４】これは、直前にフレーム間符号化した一つ
あるいは二つのフレームを元にして参照画像とする規則
によって、参照できるフレームを定義しているためであ
る。[0004] This is because a frame that can be referred to is defined by a rule that is used as a reference image based on one or two frames immediately before inter-frame coding.

【０００５】図３に従来方法の符号化順序と参照画像の
例を示す。フレーム番号が１、５、８のフレームは基準
フレームであり、第５、第８フレームは第１フレームを
元にフレーム間予測符号化される。それらに挟まれた第
２、第３、第４フレームは第１、第５フレームからフレ
ーム内挿符号化され、第６、第７フレームは第５、第８
フレームからフレーム内挿符号化がされる。FIG. 3 shows an example of a coding order and a reference image according to the conventional method. Frames with frame numbers 1, 5, and 8 are reference frames, and the fifth and eighth frames are subjected to inter-frame predictive coding based on the first frame. The second, third, and fourth frames interposed therebetween are frame-interpolated from the first and fifth frames, and the sixth and seventh frames are the fifth and eighth frames.
Frame interpolation coding is performed from the frame.

【０００６】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の予測方法では、
時系列で見て新しいフレームを参照画像として予測を行
うことが不可能であった。また、時系列で見て同一の方
向から２フレーム以上を予測に用いることは不可能であ
った。また、直前に符号化した参照フレームは二つまで
という制限があった。In the conventional prediction method,
It was impossible to make predictions using a new frame as a reference image in a time series. Further, it is impossible to use two or more frames for prediction from the same direction in a time series. Further, there is a limitation that the number of reference frames coded immediately before is two.

【０００７】本発明の目的は、フレーム間予測効率を向
上させ、それにより符号化情報量を削減し、画像の圧縮
率を向上させる動画像符号化方法および復号方法とこれ
らに対応する符号化器と復号器を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a moving picture coding method and a moving picture decoding method for improving the inter-frame prediction efficiency, thereby reducing the amount of coded information and improving the image compression ratio, and an encoder corresponding thereto. And a decoder.

【０００８】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の動画像符号化方
法は、符号化済みの画像データに時系列順のフレーム番
号を付与しておき、これから符号化しようとする画像に
対して、任意の符号化済みの画像を用いて予測を行うと
共に、予測に用いた符号化済みの画像のフレーム番号も
符号化を行う。According to the moving picture coding method of the present invention, a frame number in chronological order is given to coded picture data, and an arbitrary picture is coded for a picture to be coded. Is performed using the coded image, and the frame number of the coded image used for the prediction is also coded.

【０００９】また、本発明の動画像復号方法は、これか
ら復号しようとする画像に対して予測に用いられた画像
のフレーム番号を知ることにより、予測を行う。The moving picture decoding method of the present invention performs prediction by knowing the frame number of the picture used for prediction for the picture to be decoded.

【００１０】符号化された画像データのヘッダに時系列
順のフレーム番号を付与し、復号時にそのフレーム番号
から参照画像を特定することにより、フレーム間予測と
フレーム内挿予測という区別をなくし、予測において参
照できるフレームとその数を一般化する。[0010] By assigning a frame number in chronological order to the header of the coded image data and specifying a reference image from the frame number at the time of decoding, it is possible to eliminate the distinction between inter-frame prediction and frame interpolation prediction. Generalize the frames that can be referred to and their numbers.

【００１１】符号化対象である画像を動き補償フレーム
間予測を用いて符号化する場合、予測に用いる参照画像
のフレーム番号を複数個指定することにより、既に符号
化された任意のフレーム番号の画像を複数個、予測に用
いることができる。When an image to be encoded is encoded using motion compensated inter-frame prediction, a plurality of reference image frame numbers to be used for prediction are designated, so that an already encoded image having an arbitrary frame number is designated. Can be used for prediction.

【００１２】図２に符号化順序と参照画像の例を示し、
表１に、これに対応する処理画像と参照フレーム番号の
関係を示す。FIG. 2 shows an example of an encoding order and a reference image.
Table 1 shows the relationship between the corresponding processed image and the reference frame number.

【００１３】[0013]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００１４】表１に示すように、参照フレーム番号を用
いることにより、逆方向のフレーム間予測やフレーム間
予測を行う方向に関係なく２フレームあるいは３フレー
ムによる線形和予測を混在させることができる。ここで
は最大３フレームを参照して予測に用いる例まで示した
が、参照フレーム番号は４フレーム以上でも構わない。As shown in Table 1, by using reference frame numbers, linear sum prediction using two or three frames can be mixed regardless of the direction of inter-frame prediction or inter-frame prediction in the reverse direction. Here, an example has been shown in which prediction is performed with reference to a maximum of three frames, but the reference frame number may be four or more.

【００１５】復号側では、予め復号した画像のヘッダに
あるフレーム番号と、対応する画像データを復号した復
号画像を記憶しておき、符号化側と同様にして予測画像
を生成する。On the decoding side, a frame number in the header of the decoded image and a decoded image obtained by decoding the corresponding image data are stored in advance, and a predicted image is generated in the same manner as the encoding side.

【００１６】本発明の実施態様によれば、予測画像とし
て参照するフレームを複数用意し、それらを切り替えて
予測に用いるか、複数の画像の線形和によって予測を行
う。ここで、これらの切り替えや線形和といった予測モ
ードは、１フレームの画像全体に対して処理するだけで
なく、画像全体を任意の大きさ及び形状の部分に区切っ
た部分画像に対して処理することもできる。According to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of frames to be referred to as predicted images are prepared, and these are switched and used for prediction, or prediction is performed by a linear sum of a plurality of images. Here, the prediction mode such as the switching or the linear sum is performed not only on the entire image of one frame but also on a partial image obtained by dividing the entire image into portions of an arbitrary size and shape. Can also.

【００１７】例えば、図２において、第６フレームの予
測には、第５、第７、第８フレームを用いることができ
るが、一例として表２に第６フレームに対する使用可能
な予測モードの例を示す。For example, in FIG. 2, the fifth, seventh, and eighth frames can be used for the prediction of the sixth frame. As an example, Table 2 shows examples of prediction modes that can be used for the sixth frame. Show.

【００１８】[0018]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００１９】本発明の他の実施態様では、予測画像とし
て参照するフレームをこれから符号化するフレームから
［−Ｎ，＋Ｍ］フレームの範囲に制限することにより、
予測に必要な画像を記憶しておくフレーム数をＮ＋Ｍ＋
１フレームに制限する。この制限がない場合には、過去
に符号化した画像をすべて蓄えておく必要がある。In another embodiment of the present invention, a frame to be referred to as a predicted image is limited to a range from a frame to be encoded to a [-N, + M] frame.
The number of frames for storing images required for prediction is N + M +
Limit to one frame. If there is no such restriction, it is necessary to store all previously encoded images.

【００２０】本発明のさらに他の実施態様では、動画像
が現行のテレビジョン信号のようなインタレース信号
で、１フレームの画像が飛び越し操作により２フィール
ドの画像から成り立っている場合に、フレームだけでな
くフィールドの識別子も用いて、フィールド単位の予測
を可能にする。In still another embodiment of the present invention, when a moving image is an interlaced signal such as a current television signal, and one frame of image is composed of two fields of images by a skip operation, only frames are used. Instead, the field identifier is used to enable field-by-field prediction.

【００２１】本発明の符号化器は、時系列順の参照フレ
ーム番号が付与された、符号化された参照画像を記憶し
ているフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと、参照フレー
ム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリに引き渡
し、対応する前記参照画像を得、その中から予測効率の
最も良い予測画像を生成し、または画像全体の任意の大
きさおよび形状の部分に区切り、その部分ごとに参照画
像データと参照フレーム番号を決定して予測画像を生成
し、また前記参照フレーム番号を符号化し、参照フレー
ム番号データとして出力する参照画像指定手段と、入力
画像を前記予測画像と比較して、予測誤差を出力する予
測処理手段と、前記予測誤差を符号化し、符号化データ
として出力する予測誤差符号化手段と、前記符号化デー
タと前記参照フレーム番号データを多重化し、多重化符
号化データとして出力する多重化処理手段を有する。The encoder according to the present invention comprises a frame number / encoded image memory for storing an encoded reference image, to which a reference frame number given in chronological order is assigned; Hand over to the coded image memory, obtain the corresponding reference image, and generate a prediction image with the highest prediction efficiency from among the reference images, or divide the entire image into portions of an arbitrary size and shape, and refer to each portion A reference image designating means for determining image data and a reference frame number to generate a prediction image, encoding the reference frame number, and outputting as reference frame number data, and comparing an input image with the prediction image to perform prediction. Prediction processing means for outputting an error, prediction error encoding means for encoding the prediction error, and outputting the encoded error as encoded data; The beam number data multiplexed, with multiple processing means for outputting as a multiplexed encoded data.

【００２２】また、本発明の復号器は、前記多重化処理
手段から出力された多重化符号化データを符号化データ
と参照フレーム番号に分離する分離処理手段と、前記符
号化データを復号し、予測誤差に変換する予測誤差復号
手段と、前記符号化器中のフレーム番号・符号化画像メ
モリと同じ、参照フレーム番号が付与された参照画像を
記憶しているフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと、前記
分離処理手段から参照フレーム番号を入力し、該参照フ
レーム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリに引
き渡し、対応する参照画像を受け取り、前記参照画像指
定手段と同様にして予測画像を生成し、出力する参照画
像番号復号手段と、前記予測誤差に前記予測画像を加算
し、復号画像を出力する予測画像加算処理手段を有す
る。Also, a decoder according to the present invention includes a demultiplexing means for separating the multiplexed coded data output from the multiplexing processing means into coded data and a reference frame number, and decodes the coded data; Prediction error decoding means for converting into a prediction error, and a frame number / encoded image memory storing a reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, which is the same as the frame number / encoded image memory in the encoder, A reference frame number is input from the separation processing unit, the reference frame number is transferred to the frame number / coded image memory, a corresponding reference image is received, and a predicted image is generated in the same manner as the reference image designation unit. Reference image number decoding means for outputting, and prediction image addition processing means for adding the prediction image to the prediction error and outputting a decoded image.

【００２３】[0023]

【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明の実施の形態につい
て図面を参照して説明する。Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

【００２４】図１は本発明の一実施形態の符号化器と復
号器のブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an encoder and a decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【００２５】符号化器は予測処理部２と参照画像指定部
３とフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ５と予測誤差符号
化部１０と多重化処理部１２で構成されている。The encoder comprises a prediction processing unit 2, a reference image designation unit 3, a frame number / coded image memory 5, a prediction error encoding unit 10, and a multiplex processing unit 12.

【００２６】復号器は分離処理部２１と予測誤差復号部
２４と予測画像加算処理部３１と参照画像番号復号部２
６とフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ２８で構成されて
いる。The decoder includes a separation processing unit 21, a prediction error decoding unit 24, a predicted image addition processing unit 31, and a reference image number decoding unit 2.
6 and a frame number / coded image memory 28.

【００２７】フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ５には時
系列の参照フレーム番号が付与された、符号化された参
照画像が記憶され、フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ２
８には時系列の参照フレーム番号が付与され、符号化画
像メモリ５に記憶されている参照画像と同じ参照画像が
記憶されている。The frame number / coded image memory 5 stores a coded reference image to which a time-series reference frame number is assigned.
Reference numeral 8 is assigned a time-series reference frame number, and stores the same reference image as the reference image stored in the encoded image memory 5.

【００２８】入力画像１は予測処理部２に入力され、予
測画像４と比較されて予測誤差画像８が出力される。参
照画像指定部３は、フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ５
に参照フレーム番号６を引き渡し、参照画像データ７を
得る。その結果、参照画像指定部３では、予測の候補と
なる参照画像データ７の中から最も予測効率の良い予測
画像４を生成する。あるいは参照画像指定部３では、画
像全体を任意の大きさおよび形状の部分に区切り、その
部分ごとに予測に用いる参照画像データと参照フレーム
番号を決定する。この予測には、複数の参照画像データ
の線形和を用いることができる。予測画像の候補のうち
予測誤差の最も小さいものを選ぶ。参照画像指定部３か
らは、予測画像４の他に選択された参照フレーム番号を
符号化した参照フレーム番号データ９が出力される。予
測誤差画像８は予測誤差符号化部１０において符号化さ
れ、符号化データ１１として出力される。符号化データ
１１と参照フレーム番号データ９は多重化処理部１２に
おいて多重化され、多重化符号化データ１３として符号
化器より出力される。The input image 1 is input to the prediction processing unit 2 and compared with the prediction image 4 to output a prediction error image 8. The reference image specifying unit 3 includes a frame number / coded image memory 5
And the reference frame number 6 is obtained. As a result, the reference image specifying unit 3 generates a predicted image 4 having the highest prediction efficiency from the reference image data 7 that is a candidate for prediction. Alternatively, the reference image specifying unit 3 divides the entire image into portions having an arbitrary size and shape, and determines reference image data and a reference frame number used for prediction for each portion. For this prediction, a linear sum of a plurality of reference image data can be used. The candidate with the smallest prediction error is selected from the candidates for the predicted image. The reference image designation unit 3 outputs reference frame number data 9 obtained by encoding the selected reference frame number in addition to the prediction image 4. The prediction error image 8 is encoded by the prediction error encoding unit 10 and output as encoded data 11. The coded data 11 and the reference frame number data 9 are multiplexed in the multiplexing processing section 12 and output from the encoder as multiplexed coded data 13.

【００２９】復号器では、入力された多重化符号化デー
タ１３が分離処理部２１において、符号化データ２２と
参照フレーム番号データ２３に分離される。符号化デー
タ２２は予測誤差復号部２４において、復号され、予測
誤差画像２５に変換される。参照フレーム番号データ２
３は参照画像番号復号部２６に入力され、画像中の区分
ごとに参照フレーム番号２９をフレーム番号・符号化画
像メモリ２８に対して指定し、参照画像データ３０を受
けとる。参照画像番号復号部２６では参照画像指定部３
と同様にして予測画像２７が生成され、予測画像加算処
理部３１に出力される。予測画像加算処理部３１では予
測誤差画像２５に予測画像２７が加算され、復号画像３
２が出力される。In the decoder, the input multiplexed coded data 13 is separated into coded data 22 and reference frame number data 23 in a separation processing section 21. The encoded data 22 is decoded by the prediction error decoding unit 24 and is converted into a prediction error image 25. Reference frame number data 2
3 is input to the reference image number decoding unit 26, specifies the reference frame number 29 for each section in the image to the frame number / coded image memory 28, and receives the reference image data 30. In the reference image number decoding unit 26, the reference image designation unit 3
The predicted image 27 is generated in the same manner as described above, and is output to the predicted image addition processing unit 31. In the predicted image addition processing unit 31, the predicted image 27 is added to the predicted error image 25, and the decoded image 3
2 is output.

【００３０】[0030]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、フレーム
間予測時に参照するフレーム番号を符号化データに埋め
込むことにより、参照画像の自由度が向上し、逆方向予
測や３フレーム以上の画像による予測も可能になるなど
画像列の特徴に応じて効率良く予測できるため、符号化
における圧縮率が向上する効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the degree of freedom of the reference image is improved by embedding the frame number to be referred to at the time of inter-frame prediction in the encoded data, and it is possible to perform the backward prediction and the use of images of three or more frames. Since the prediction can be performed efficiently according to the characteristics of the image sequence, such as the prediction, the compression rate in the encoding is improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の一実施形態の符号化器と復号器のブロ
ック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an encoder and a decoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】本発明の請求項１による符号化順序と参照画像
の例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an encoding order and a reference image according to claim 1 of the present invention.

【図３】従来の方法の符号化順序と参照画像の例を示す
図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a coding order and a reference image according to a conventional method.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ 入力画像 ２ 予測処理部 ３ 参照画像指定部 ４ 予測画像 ５ フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ ６ 参照フレーム番号 ７ 参照画像データ ８ 予測誤差画像 ９ 参照フレーム番号データ １０ 予測誤差符号化部 １１ 符号化データ １２ 多重化処理部 １３ 多重化符号化データ ２１ 分離処理部 ２２ 符号化データ ２３ 参照フレーム番号データ ２４ 予測誤差復号部 ２５ 予測誤差画像 ２６ 参照画像番号復号部 ２７ 予測画像 ２８ フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ ２９ 参照フレーム番号 ３０ 参照画像データ ３１ 予測画像加算処理部 ３２ 復号画像 Reference Signs List 1 input image 2 prediction processing unit 3 reference image designation unit 4 prediction image 5 frame number / coded image memory 6 reference frame number 7 reference image data 8 prediction error image 9 reference frame number data 10 prediction error encoding unit 11 encoded data Reference Signs List 12 multiplex processing unit 13 multiplexed coded data 21 separation processing unit 22 coded data 23 reference frame number data 24 prediction error decoding unit 25 prediction error image 26 reference image number decoding unit 27 prediction image 28 frame number / coded image memory 29 Reference frame number 30 Reference image data 31 Predicted image addition processing unit 32 Decoded image

Claims (14)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 動画像をフレーム間予測を用いて符号化
する動画像符号化方法において、符号化済みの画像デー
タに時系列順のフレーム番号を付与しておき、これから
符号化しようとする画像に対して、任意の符号化済みの
画像を用いて予測を行なうと共に、予測に用いた符号化
済みの画像のフレーム番号も符号化を行うことを特徴と
する動画像符号化方法。In a moving picture coding method for coding a moving picture using inter-frame prediction, a frame number in chronological order is added to coded image data, and an image to be coded from now on A video encoding method comprising: performing prediction using an arbitrary encoded image; and encoding the frame number of the encoded image used for the prediction. 【請求項２】 上限が設定された複数の符号化済み画像
を予測に用いる、請求項１の動画像符号化方法。2. The moving picture coding method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of coded pictures having an upper limit set are used for prediction. 【請求項３】 複数の符号化済み画像の線形和を予測に
用いる、請求項２記載の動画像符号化方法。3. The moving picture coding method according to claim 2, wherein a linear sum of a plurality of coded pictures is used for prediction. 【請求項４】 画像全体を任意の大きさおよび形状の部
分に区切った部分画像の線形和を予測に用いる、請求項
１記載の動画像符号化方法。4. The moving image coding method according to claim 1, wherein a linear sum of partial images obtained by partitioning the entire image into portions having an arbitrary size and shape is used for prediction. 【請求項５】 これから符号化しようとする画像のフレ
ーム番号の近傍のフレーム番号の画像のみを予測に用い
る、請求項１記載の動画像符号化方法。5. The moving picture coding method according to claim 1, wherein only a picture having a frame number near the frame number of the picture to be coded is used for prediction. 【請求項６】 フィールド単位の識別子がフレーム番号
に付加されている、請求項１から５のいずれか１項記載
の動画像符号化方法。6. The moving picture encoding method according to claim 1, wherein an identifier in a field unit is added to the frame number. 【請求項７】 請求項１から６のいずれか１項記載の動
画像符号化方法に対応する動画像復号方法において、こ
れから復号しようとする画像に対して予測に用いられた
画像のフレーム番号を知ることにより、予測を行うこと
を特徴とする動画像復号方法。7. A video decoding method corresponding to the video encoding method according to claim 1, wherein a frame number of an image used for prediction for an image to be decoded from now on is determined. A moving picture decoding method characterized in that a prediction is performed by knowing. 【請求項８】 上限が設定された複数の符号化済み画像
を予測に用いる、請求項７の動画像復号方法。8. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of encoded pictures for which an upper limit is set are used for prediction. 【請求項９】 複数の符号化済み画像の線形和を予測に
用いる、請求項８記載の動画像復号方法。9. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 8, wherein a linear sum of a plurality of encoded pictures is used for prediction. 【請求項１０】 画像全体を任意の大きさおよび形状の
部分に区切った部分画像の線形和を予測に用いる、請求
項７記載の動画像復号方法。10. The moving image decoding method according to claim 7, wherein a linear sum of partial images obtained by partitioning the entire image into portions having an arbitrary size and shape is used for prediction. 【請求項１１】 これから符号化しようとする画像のフ
レーム番号の近傍のフレーム番号の画像のみを予測に用
いる、請求項７記載の動画像復号方法。11. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 7, wherein only an image having a frame number near a frame number of an image to be encoded is used for prediction. 【請求項１２】 フィールド単位の識別子がフレーム番
号に付加されている、請求項７から１１のいずれか１項
記載の動画像復号方法。12. The moving picture decoding method according to claim 7, wherein an identifier for each field is added to the frame number. 【請求項１３】 時系列順の参照フレーム番号が付与さ
れた、符号化された参照画像を記憶しているフレーム番
号・符号化画像メモリと、 参照フレーム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモ
リに引き渡し、対応する前記参照画像を得、その中から
予測効率の最も良い予測画像を生成し、または画像全体
を任意の大きさおよび形状の部分に区切り、その部分ご
とに参照画像データと参照フレーム番号を決定して予測
画像を生成し、また前記参照フレーム番号を符号化し、
参照フレーム番号データとして出力する参照画像指定手
段と、 入力画像を前記予測画像と比較して、予測誤差を出力す
る予測処理手段と、 前記予測誤差を符号化し、符号化データとして出力する
予測誤差符号化手段と、 前記符号化データと前記参照フレーム番号データを多重
化し、多重化符号化データとして出力する多重化処理手
段を有する符号化器。13. A frame number / coded image memory storing a coded reference image to which a reference frame number in a time series order is added, and a reference frame number is stored in the frame number / coded image memory. Hand over, obtain the corresponding reference image, and generate a prediction image with the highest prediction efficiency from the reference image, or divide the entire image into portions of any size and shape, and for each portion, reference image data and a reference frame number. To generate a predicted image and encode the reference frame number,
Reference image designating means for outputting as reference frame number data; prediction processing means for comparing an input image with the predicted image to output a prediction error; encoding the prediction error and outputting a prediction error code as encoded data An encoder comprising: a multiplexing unit; and a multiplexing unit that multiplexes the coded data and the reference frame number data and outputs the multiplexed coded data. 【請求項１４】 請求項１３に対応する復号器であっ
て、 前記多重化処理手段から出力された多重化符号化データ
を符号化データと参照フレーム番号に分離する分離処理
手段と、 前記符号化データを復号し、予測誤差に変換する予測誤
差復号手段と、 前記符号化器中のフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと同
じ、参照フレーム番号が付与された参照画像を記憶して
いるフレーム番号・符号化画像メモリと、 前記分離処理手段から参照フレーム番号を入力し、該参
照フレーム番号を前記フレーム番号・符号化画像メモリ
に引き渡し、対応する参照画像を受け取り、前記参照画
像指定手段と同様にして予測画像を生成し、出力する参
照画像番号復号手段と、 前記予測誤差に前記予測画像を加算し、復号画像を出力
する予測画像加算処理手段を有する復号器。14. A decoder according to claim 13, wherein said multiplexed coded data output from said multiplexing processing means is separated into coded data and a reference frame number. A prediction error decoding unit for decoding data and converting the data into a prediction error; and a frame number / code storing a reference image to which a reference frame number is assigned, which is the same as a frame number / coded image memory in the encoder. And a reference frame number from the separation processing means, transfer the reference frame number to the frame number / coded image memory, receive a corresponding reference image, and predict in the same manner as the reference image designation means. Reference image number decoding means for generating and outputting an image, and predicted image addition processing means for adding the predicted image to the prediction error and outputting a decoded image Decoder.
JP1872597A 1997-01-31 1997-01-31 Moving image coding method, decoding method, coder and decoder Pending JPH10224795A (en)

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