JPH10216974A - Laser beam welding method for plated steel plate - Google Patents
Laser beam welding method for plated steel plateInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10216974A JPH10216974A JP9026710A JP2671097A JPH10216974A JP H10216974 A JPH10216974 A JP H10216974A JP 9026710 A JP9026710 A JP 9026710A JP 2671097 A JP2671097 A JP 2671097A JP H10216974 A JPH10216974 A JP H10216974A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plated steel
- welding
- steel sheet
- laser beam
- steel plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、２枚のめっき鋼
板を重ね合わせからレーザビームを照射することにより
溶接する、いわゆる重ね継手溶接を行うレーザ溶接方法
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laser welding method for performing a so-called lap joint welding in which two plated steel sheets are welded together by irradiating a laser beam.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種の重ね継手溶接によるレーザ溶接
方法は、複写機、プリンター、ファクリミリ等の各種Ｏ
Ａ機器におけるフレームを製造するに当たっても採用さ
れている。これは、一般的に認められているレーザ溶接
が被溶接部材と非接触の状態で溶接作業を行うことがで
き、アーク溶接に比べて熱影響が少ない等の利点を有し
ている所以でもある。2. Description of the Related Art This type of laser welding method using lap joint welding is applied to various types of O such as copiers, printers and facsimile machines.
It is also used in manufacturing frames for A-device. This is the reason that generally accepted laser welding can perform welding work in a state of non-contact with the member to be welded, and has advantages such as less thermal influence compared to arc welding. .
【０００３】ところで、この重ね継手溶接法によるレー
ザ溶接方法では、めっき鋼板の溶接された溶融部にブロ
ーホール（ピンホールともいう）が発生しやすいことが
知られている。このブローホールは、重ね合わせるめっ
き鋼板の当接部にめっき層が存在しているため、レーザ
ビームの照射により溶融されて出現するめっき鋼板の溶
融池内において特にめっき層成分が蒸発し、気泡が発生
することによって形成されるものと考えられている。[0003] In the laser welding method using the lap joint welding method, it is known that blowholes (also referred to as pinholes) are easily generated in a welded portion of a plated steel sheet. In the blow hole, the plating layer exists in the abutting part of the plated steel sheet to be superimposed, so that the components of the plated layer evaporate, especially in the molten pool of the plated steel sheet that appears when it is melted by laser beam irradiation, and bubbles are generated. It is thought that it is formed by doing.
【０００４】このようなブローホールの発生を防止する
ための技術としては、例えば、特開平７−１５５９７４
号公報に示されるようなレーザ溶接方法がある。このレ
ーザ溶接方法は、２枚のめっき鋼板の少なくとも１枚に
突出部を形成し、その突出部の頂部を他方のめっき鋼板
の表面に当接させた状態で、突出部の頂部の反対側から
レーザビームを照射するようにしたものである。そし
て、このレーザ溶接方法によれば、治具により平行状態
に支持される２枚のめっき鋼板の間には突出部によりす
き間が形成され、溶接時において突出部の頂部当接部で
発生するめっき層成分の金属蒸気がそのすき間を介して
放出されることにより、溶融池内にブローホールの原因
となる気泡が残留することがないとされている。[0004] As a technique for preventing the occurrence of such blow holes, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-155974 has been proposed.
There is a laser welding method as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. H10-26095. In this laser welding method, a protrusion is formed on at least one of the two plated steel sheets, and the top of the protrusion is brought into contact with the surface of the other plated steel sheet, from the side opposite to the top of the protrusion. The laser beam is radiated. According to this laser welding method, a gap is formed by the projection between the two plated steel sheets supported in parallel by the jig, and the plating generated at the top contact portion of the projection during welding. It is said that since the metal vapor of the layer component is released through the gap, bubbles causing blowholes do not remain in the molten pool.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記提
案のレーザ溶接方法においては、まず、レーザビームを
照射する領域が突出部の頂部の反対側というきわめて限
られた狭い範囲であるため、レーザビームが突出部の頂
部の反対側の位置に正しく照射されず、ずれた場所に照
射されてしまうという大きな課題がある。このようなレ
ーザビームの照射位置のずれが発生する原因としては、
レーザビームの集光状態、照射角及び照射設定位置等
がずれている場合、めっき鋼板に形成される突出部の
形成位置がずれていたり、その形状がばらついている場
合、重ね合わせたときのめっき鋼板（の突出部）が位
置的にずれていたり傾いている場合等が挙げられる。However, in the above-mentioned proposed laser welding method, first, the area to be irradiated with the laser beam is a very limited narrow area opposite to the top of the protruding portion. There is a major problem that the position opposite to the top of the protruding portion is not correctly irradiated, but is irradiated to a shifted position. The cause of such a shift of the irradiation position of the laser beam is as follows.
When the focusing state of the laser beam, the irradiation angle, the irradiation setting position, etc. are shifted, the formation position of the protrusion formed on the plated steel sheet is shifted, or the shape is varied, the plating when overlapping The case where the (projecting portion) of the steel plate is displaced or inclined in position is exemplified.
【０００６】そして、このような原因〜によって発
生し得るレーザビームの照射位置ずれを防止するために
は、その原因に対してはレーザビームを突出部の頂部
の反対側の位置に対して正確に照射すべく、レーザビー
ム照射装置の高精度なセッティング作業を行う必要があ
り、その原因に対しては突出部を正確な位置に同一の
形状に精度よく形成する必要があり、その原因に対し
ては２枚のめっき鋼板（の突出部）を正確な位置に、し
かも傾くことなく平行な状態で重ね合わせなければなら
ず、それに見合った高精度な治具を使用する必要があ
る。従って、上記した従来のレーザ溶接方法は、レーザ
ビームを突出部頂部の反対側に正しく照射するために
は、上述したような精度が要求される作業条件をすべて
満たさなければならず、このような条件を満たす必要性
から溶接作業全体の効率が悪くなったり、製造コストが
アップするという難点があった。In order to prevent the deviation of the irradiation position of the laser beam, which can be caused by the above-mentioned factors, the laser beam must be accurately positioned at the position opposite to the top of the protrusion. In order to irradiate, it is necessary to perform high-precision setting work of the laser beam irradiation device, and for the cause, it is necessary to form the protruding part at the exact position and in the same shape with high accuracy. It is necessary to superimpose (project) the two plated steel sheets at an accurate position and in a parallel state without tilting, and it is necessary to use a high-precision jig corresponding thereto. Therefore, in the conventional laser welding method described above, in order to properly irradiate the laser beam to the side opposite to the top of the protrusion, it is necessary to satisfy all the working conditions that require the above-described accuracy. Due to the necessity of satisfying the conditions, there has been a problem that the efficiency of the entire welding operation is deteriorated and the manufacturing cost is increased.
【０００７】また、このレーザ溶接方法においては、図
９ａ及び図１０ａに示すようにレーザビーム１００の照
射位置がめっき鋼板１０１の突出部１０２の頂部の反対
側位置からずれた場合、図９ｂ及び図１０ｂに示すよう
に突出部１０２の溶接部１０３のある側とは反対側のめ
っき鋼板部分１０１ａが他方の鋼板１０４から離れる方
向（図中の上部側）に反ってしまうという問題がある。
このとき溶接部１０３側のめっき鋼板部分１０１ｂもわ
ずかではあるが反る。図中の点線はレーザビーム１００
の正確な照射位置を示している。この反りは、レーザビ
ームが照射されて溶融した鋼板の金属が凝固する際の収
縮などによって生じる内部応力が残った溶接ひずみによ
り引き起こされるものと考えられる。特に図示する例の
ように突出部１０２の頂部からはずれた傾斜部で溶接が
行われると、溶接ひずみが溶接部１０３周囲のすき間を
狭めようとする力が周辺の鋼板部分に働くため、突出部
の頂部を支点として溶融部とは反対側の鋼板部分が浮き
上がるように反ってしまうのである。そして、このよう
な反りは、図９ａ及び図１０ａにおいて二点鎖線で示す
ように、重ね合わせた２枚のめっき鋼板を固定するため
に押さえ治具１０５を使用して溶接を行った場合にも、
溶接後にその治具１０５を取り外すと、同じように発生
する。In this laser welding method, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 10A, when the irradiation position of the laser beam 100 is shifted from the position opposite to the top of the protrusion 102 of the plated steel sheet 101, FIGS. As shown in 10b, there is a problem that the plated steel plate portion 101a of the protruding portion 102 on the opposite side to the side where the welded portion 103 is present warps in a direction away from the other steel plate 104 (upper side in the drawing).
At this time, the plated steel plate portion 101b on the welded portion 103 side is slightly warped. The dotted line in FIG.
Shows the exact irradiation position of. It is considered that the warpage is caused by welding distortion in which the internal stress generated by shrinkage when the metal of the steel sheet melted by the irradiation of the laser beam is solidified remains. In particular, when welding is performed on an inclined portion deviating from the top of the protruding portion 102 as shown in the illustrated example, the welding strain acts on the surrounding steel plate portion to reduce the gap around the welded portion 103. The steel plate on the side opposite to the fusion zone is warped so as to float up with the top of the fulcrum as a fulcrum. Such a warp is caused even when welding is performed using the holding jig 105 to fix the two superposed plated steel sheets, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIGS. 9A and 10A. ,
The same occurs when the jig 105 is removed after welding.
【０００８】従って、レーザビームの照射位置がずれた
場合には、このような反りが発生してしまい、高精度な
溶接ができなかった。しかも、このレーザビーム１００
の照射位置ずれは、製品（めっき鋼板）単位で変動する
他、同じ溶接時であっても変動し得るものであるため、
図１１ａ〜ｃに例示するようにその照射位置ずれの変動
により溶接部１０３の位置や形態がばらつき、その溶接
部１０３の位置に応じて反りの程度（図中のめっき鋼板
１０１，１０２の間隔ｈ1 〜ｈ3 ）が互い異なったり、
その溶接部１０３の形態に応じて溶接部の接合面積も互
いに異なる。このため、溶接精度にばらつきが生じると
ともに溶接強度にもばらつきが生じるという問題があっ
た。[0008] Therefore, when the irradiation position of the laser beam is shifted, such a warp occurs, and high-precision welding cannot be performed. Moreover, this laser beam 100
Since the irradiation position deviation of fluctuates for each product (plated steel sheet) and can fluctuate even during the same welding,
As illustrated in FIGS. 11A to 11C, the position and form of the welded portion 103 fluctuate due to the change in the irradiation position shift, and the degree of warpage (the distance h between the plated steel plates 101 and 102 in the figure) varies depending on the position of the welded portion 103. 1 to h 3 ) are different from each other,
Depending on the form of the welding portion 103, the joining area of the welding portion is also different from each other. For this reason, there is a problem that the welding accuracy varies and the welding strength also varies.
【０００９】さらに、上記のレーザ溶接方法では、突出
部１０２が他方の鋼板１０４に対して線または点接触し
ているとされているが、厳密には、その突出部１０２と
めっき鋼板１０４の表面とはわずかながらめっき層が重
なり合っているため、例えば突出部１０２の頂部形状が
少しでも面接触するような偏平した形状である場合に
は、重なり合うめっき層領域が増えて金属蒸気が放出さ
れにくくなり、ブローホールの発生を確実に防止できな
いという問題がある。Further, in the above-described laser welding method, it is assumed that the protruding portion 102 is in line or point contact with the other steel plate 104, but strictly speaking, the protruding portion 102 and the surface of the plated steel plate 104 Because the plating layers slightly overlap with each other, for example, if the top shape of the protrusion 102 is a flat shape such that even a little surface contact is made, the overlapping plating layer area increases and metal vapor is less likely to be released. However, there is a problem that the occurrence of blow holes cannot be reliably prevented.
【００１０】ちなみに、このブローホールを確実に防止
するための対策としては、前掲した公報（特開平７−１
５５９７４号）にも従来技術として記載されているよう
に、図１２ａに示すごとく２枚のめっき鋼板２００，２
０１を所定の空間２０２を隔てて平行に配置し、一方の
めっき鋼板２００側からレーザビーム１００を照射する
という方法が考えられる。この方法であれば、２枚のめ
っき鋼板２００，２０１の間に確実にすき間２０２が形
成されて重なり合うめっき層領域がなくなるため、めっ
き層成分の金属蒸気をそのすき間２０２を介して放出さ
せることができる。しかし、この方法では、２枚のめっ
き鋼板２００，２０１を所定の空間２０２を隔てて対峙
させるために高精度な押さえ治具２０３（２０４はスペ
ーサ）を使用しなければならない等の問題があることに
加え、以下に説明するような反りに関する問題がある。Incidentally, as a measure for reliably preventing this blow hole, the above-mentioned publication (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
No. 55974), two coated steel sheets 200, 2 as shown in FIG.
01 is arranged in parallel with a predetermined space 202 therebetween, and the laser beam 100 is irradiated from one of the plated steel sheets 200 side. According to this method, a gap 202 is reliably formed between the two plated steel sheets 200 and 201, and there is no overlapping plating layer region. Therefore, metal vapor of a plating layer component can be released through the gap 202. it can. However, in this method, there is a problem that a high-precision holding jig 203 (204 is a spacer) must be used to make the two plated steel sheets 200 and 201 face each other with a predetermined space 202 therebetween. In addition, there is a problem related to warping as described below.
【００１１】すなわち、この方法により溶接を行った場
合においても、その溶接部２０５には前述したようなす
き間を狭めようとする溶接ひずみＷがあり（同図ｂ）、
その溶接後に、押さえ治具２０３を取り外したときに
は、図１２ｃに示すように２枚のめっき鋼板の間に介在
していたスペーサ２０４がなくなるため、２枚のめっき
鋼板２００，２０１は溶接部２０５の周辺において互い
に近づくような方向に反ってしまうのである。特にレー
ザビーム１００を照射した側のめっき鋼板２００の溶接
部２０５の周辺部がメッキ鋼板２０１側にむけて変形す
るように反るのである。図中の２００ａは溶接前の鋼板
２００の位置を示している。That is, even when welding is performed by this method, the welded portion 205 has a welding strain W for narrowing the gap as described above (FIG. 2B).
When the holding jig 203 is removed after the welding, the spacer 204 interposed between the two plated steel sheets disappears as shown in FIG. 12C, so that the two plated steel sheets 200 and 201 It is warped in the direction of approaching each other at the periphery. Particularly, the periphery of the welded portion 205 of the plated steel sheet 200 irradiated with the laser beam 100 is warped so as to be deformed toward the plated steel sheet 201 side. 200a in the figure indicates the position of the steel plate 200 before welding.
【００１２】本発明の目的は、たとえレーザビームの照
***度、突出部の形状又は形成位置の精度、めっき鋼板
の重ね合わせ精度等が変動しても、ブローホールや溶接
後の反りを発生させることなく、常に安定した溶接精度
と溶接強度が得られる重ね継手溶接を簡便にかつ効率よ
く行うことができるレーザ溶接方法を提供することにあ
る。An object of the present invention is to generate blow holes and warpage after welding even if the irradiation accuracy of a laser beam, the accuracy of the shape or formation position of a protruding portion, the overlay accuracy of a plated steel sheet, and the like fluctuate. It is another object of the present invention to provide a laser welding method that can easily and efficiently perform lap joint welding that always provides stable welding accuracy and welding strength.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１に係る発明のレ
ーザ溶接方法は、２枚以上のめっき鋼板を重ね合わせ、
レーザビームを照射して重ね継手溶接を行うめっき鋼板
のレーザ溶接方法において、前記重ね合わせる際に向き
合う２枚のめっき鋼板のうちのいずれか一方に少なくと
も２つの同じ高さからなる突出部を形成するか若しくは
その双方に少なくとも１つの同じ高さからなる突出部を
形成し、その各突出部が当該突出部の形成されていない
側のめっき鋼板の表面に当接するようにめっき鋼板どう
しを重ね合わせた後、突出部と突出部の間となるめっき
鋼板の領域内にレーザビームを照射して溶接を行うよう
にしたことを特徴とするものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser welding method comprising: laminating two or more plated steel sheets;
In the laser welding method for a plated steel sheet that performs lap joint welding by irradiating a laser beam, at least two protrusions having the same height are formed on one of the two plated steel sheets facing each other when the lapping is performed. Or at least both of them, at least one protrusion having the same height is formed, and the plated steel sheets are overlapped so that each protrusion contacts the surface of the plated steel sheet on the side where the protrusion is not formed. Thereafter, the welding is performed by irradiating a laser beam to a region of the plated steel sheet located between the projecting portions.
【００１４】このレーザ溶接方法によれば、重ね合わせ
る際に向き合う２枚のめっき鋼板のいずれか一方に少な
くとも２つの同じ高さからなる突出部が形成されるか、
若しくはその双方に少なくとも１つの同じ高さからなる
突出部が形成される。すなわち、向き合う２枚のめっき
鋼板においては合計で少なくとも２つの突出部が形成さ
れる。次に、めっき鋼板は、突出部の頂部が当該突出部
の形成されていないめっき鋼板の表面に当接するように
重ね合わされる。これにより、少なくとも向き合って重
なり合う２枚のめっき鋼板は、高精度な治具を使用する
ことなく、少なくとも２つの突出部により一定の空隙を
あけて平行状態に保たれる。そして、突出部と突出部の
間となるめっき鋼板の領域内にレーザビームが照射され
る。このとき、レーザビームの照射位置は突出部と突出
部の間の領域であればよく、突出部の形状又は形成位
置、めっき鋼板の重ね合わせ状態等の精度に左右される
ことはない。また、レーザビームが照射されるめっき鋼
板におけるめっき層成分の金属蒸気は上記空隙から放出
される。さらに、レーザビーム照射部の溶融した金属が
凝固する際に発生する溶接ひずみは、その溶接部の両脇
に突出部が存在することにより、２枚のめっき鋼板の間
隙を狭めようとする内部応力が保持される状態になる結
果、めっき鋼板を反らせることはない。According to this laser welding method, at least two protrusions having the same height are formed on one of the two plated steel sheets facing each other when they are overlapped,
Alternatively, at least one protrusion having the same height is formed on both of them. That is, a total of at least two protrusions are formed in the two facing plated steel sheets. Next, the plated steel sheets are overlapped such that the tops of the protruding portions are in contact with the surfaces of the plated steel sheets on which the protruding portions are not formed. As a result, at least two plated steel sheets that face each other and are kept in a parallel state with a certain gap formed by at least two protrusions without using a high-precision jig. Then, the laser beam is applied to the region of the plated steel sheet between the protrusions. At this time, the irradiation position of the laser beam only needs to be in the region between the projecting portions, and is not influenced by the shape or the forming position of the projecting portion, the accuracy of the superposed state of the plated steel sheets, or the like. Further, the metal vapor of the plating layer component in the plated steel sheet irradiated with the laser beam is released from the gap. Furthermore, the welding strain generated when the molten metal in the laser beam irradiated part solidifies is due to the internal stress that tries to narrow the gap between the two plated steel sheets due to the presence of protrusions on both sides of the welded part. As a result, the plated steel sheet is not warped.
【００１５】請求項２に係る発明のレーザ溶接方法は、
請求項１に係るレーザ溶接方法において、めっき鋼板
は、鋼板金属の融点よりも低い沸点を有するめっき材料
によりめっきされたものであることを特徴とするもので
ある。このようなめっき鋼板としては、例えば、亜鉛系
めっきを施した鉄鋼板がある。According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a laser welding method.
In the laser welding method according to claim 1, the plated steel sheet is plated with a plating material having a boiling point lower than the melting point of the steel sheet metal. As such a plated steel sheet, for example, there is an iron steel sheet plated with zinc.
【００１６】このレーザ溶接方法によれば、溶接時にお
いてめっき成分の金属蒸気が発生しやすいものとなる
が、向き合う２枚のめっき鋼板は前述したように少なく
とも２つの突出部により空隙をあけた平行状態でレーザ
溶接されるため、めっき層が重なり合うことはなく、し
かも、その空隙を介して金属蒸気が確実に放出される。
これによりブローホールが発生することはない。According to this laser welding method, the metal vapor of the plating component is apt to be generated at the time of welding. However, as described above, the two plated steel sheets facing each other are parallel with at least two protruding portions having a gap. Since laser welding is performed in this state, the plating layers do not overlap with each other, and the metal vapor is reliably released through the voids.
Thus, blow holes do not occur.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、添付図面を参照しながら本
発明の実施の形態について説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１８】図１及び図２は、本発明の一実施例に係る
レーザ溶接方法の作業状況を示すもので、図１はその斜
視図、図２はＡ−Ａ線断面図である。この実施例のレー
ザ溶接方法は、第１のめっき鋼板１０と第２のめっき鋼
板２０とを重ね合わせ、レーザビームを線状に照射して
重ね継手溶接を行うものである。第１及び第２のめっき
鋼板１０，２０は、そのいずれも鋼板１１，２１の両面
にめっき層１２，２２をそれぞれ形成したものである。
この実施例では、この２枚のめっき鋼板１０，２０とし
て鉄製鋼板の両面に亜鉛系めっきを施したものを使用し
ている。FIGS. 1 and 2 show a working state of a laser welding method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA. In the laser welding method of this embodiment, the first plated steel sheet 10 and the second plated steel sheet 20 are overlapped, and a laser beam is linearly irradiated to perform lap joint welding. Each of the first and second plated steel plates 10 and 20 is formed by forming plated layers 12 and 22 on both surfaces of the steel plates 11 and 21, respectively.
In this embodiment, the two plated steel sheets 10 and 20 are made of iron steel sheets having both surfaces plated with zinc.
【００１９】このレーザ溶接方法では、まず、図２や図
４に示すように、第１のめっき鋼板１０に対して、図示
しないハーフパンチ装置（貫通したパンチ孔をあけるこ
となく、反対面が***する程度の中途半端なパンチング
処理を実行するように設定されたパンチ装置）により２
つの突出部３０，３１を形成する。この２つの突出部３
０，３１は、その突出高さｈが等しいものであり、所定
の間隔Ｌをあけて形成される。この実施例では、突出部
３０，３１として、その頂部３０ａ，３１ａがほぼ平面
からなる円柱形状であって、突出高さｈが数百ミクロン
の突出部を形成している。また、突出部３０，３１どう
しの間隔Ｌは、レーザの種類や出力、鋼板の厚さ等によ
り変わるが、少なくともレーザビームを照射して溶接で
きる幅であればよく、例えば５ｍｍ以上に設定される。In this laser welding method, first, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, a half-punch device (not shown) is formed on the first plated steel sheet 10 without punching a punched hole. (A punch device set to execute a half-punching process halfway)
The two protrusions 30 and 31 are formed. These two protrusions 3
0 and 31 have the same protruding height h and are formed with a predetermined interval L therebetween. In this embodiment, as the protruding portions 30, 31, the apex portions 30a, 31a are formed in a substantially columnar cylindrical shape and the protruding portions have a protruding height h of several hundred microns. The distance L between the protruding portions 30 and 31 varies depending on the type and output of the laser, the thickness of the steel plate, and the like. .
【００２０】次に、この第１のめっき鋼板１０を、溶接
作業テーブル４０上にセットした第２のめっき鋼板２０
に対して、その２つの突出部３０，３１が第２のめっき
鋼板２０の表面に当接するように重ね合わせ、押さえ治
具４１によって突出部とは反対側面から押さえ付けて固
定する。押さえ治具４１は、図示しない小型のエアーシ
リンダーにより押さえつけたり或いはマグネットにより
固定される程度の簡単な構造のものである。Next, the first plated steel sheet 10 is set on the welding work table 40 and the second plated steel sheet 20
On the other hand, the two projections 30 and 31 are overlapped so as to abut on the surface of the second plated steel sheet 20, and pressed and fixed by a holding jig 41 from the side opposite to the projection. The holding jig 41 has such a simple structure that it can be held down by a small air cylinder (not shown) or fixed by a magnet.
【００２１】このとき、第１のめっき鋼板１０の２つの
突出部３０，３１が第２のめっき鋼板２０の表面に当接
しているので、両鋼板１０，２０は突出部３０，３１の
高さｈと同じ間隔からなる空隙Ｓが形成された平行状態
に保たれる。すなわち、この２枚のめっき鋼板１０，２
０は、特殊な治具を用いて上記空隙Ｓが形成される平行
状態に支持する必要がなく、第１のめっき鋼板１０の突
出部とは反対側の面１０ａを押さえ治具４１によって押
さえ付けるのみで、上述したような平行状態に簡単にか
つ確実に保持することができる。At this time, since the two projections 30 and 31 of the first plated steel sheet 10 are in contact with the surface of the second plated steel sheet 20, the two steel sheets 10 and 20 are at the height of the projections 30 and 31. h is maintained in a parallel state in which a gap S having the same interval as h is formed. That is, the two plated steel sheets 10, 2
No. 0 does not need to be supported in a parallel state where the gap S is formed by using a special jig, and the surface 10 a opposite to the protruding portion of the first plated steel sheet 10 is pressed by the pressing jig 41. With only this, the parallel state as described above can be easily and reliably held.
【００２２】そして、このような状態で２枚のめっき鋼
板１０，２０を重ね合わせた後、第１のめっき鋼板１０
の突出部３０と突出部３１の間となる領域Ｒ内に対し、
図示しないレーザ発生装置から出力されるレーザビーム
５０を照射して溶接を行う。レーザビーム５０は、ビー
ム照射ノズル５１に保持されたレンズ５２を通し、焦点
をはずした微小スポットとして照射される。そして、そ
の照射位置は、通常は突出部３０と突出部３１の中間点
に対して行うが、突出部を除く、突出部３０と突出部３
１の間となる領域Ｒ内であれば中間点からずれていても
構わない。従って、このレーザビームの照***度はそれ
ほど高いレベルのものは要求されない。レーザ発生装置
としては、通常はＣＯ2 レーザ等のガスレーザが使用さ
れるが、ＹＡＧレーザ等の固体レーザを使用することも
可能である。特にＹＡＧレーザは、そのレーザ光を光フ
ァイバーにより簡易に伝送できるため、ＣＯ2 レーザの
ような専用の伝送設備を設置する必要がなく汎用性の点
で優れており、溶接パターンなどが多種あるような場合
等において実用的価値が高い。Then, after the two plated steel sheets 10 and 20 are overlapped in such a state, the first plated steel sheet 10
In the region R between the protrusions 30 and 31 of
Welding is performed by irradiating a laser beam 50 output from a laser generator (not shown). The laser beam 50 is irradiated as a defocused minute spot through a lens 52 held by a beam irradiation nozzle 51. Then, the irradiation position is usually performed at an intermediate point between the protruding portions 30 and 31, but excluding the protruding portions, the protruding portions 30 and the protruding portions 3 are provided.
The distance may be shifted from the intermediate point as long as it is within the region R between 1. Therefore, it is not required that the irradiation accuracy of the laser beam be so high. As the laser generator, a gas laser such as a CO 2 laser is usually used, but a solid-state laser such as a YAG laser can also be used. In particular, since the YAG laser can easily transmit its laser light through an optical fiber, there is no need to install dedicated transmission equipment such as a CO 2 laser, which is excellent in versatility, and has many types of welding patterns. High practical value in some cases.
【００２３】このレーザビームの照射により、第１のめ
っき鋼板１０と第２のめっき鋼板２０の照射部が順に溶
融し、図２に点線で示す領域に溶融池６０が形成され
る。このとき各鋼板のめっき層１２，２２も溶融して金
属蒸気が発生するが、このめっき層のうちでめっき鋼板
１０，２０が対峙する面側のめっき層１２ａ，２２ａか
ら発生する金属蒸気はめっき鋼板１０，２０の間に形成
される前記空隙Ｓを通して大気中に放出される。これに
より、溶融池６０に気泡が残留することがない。従っ
て、溶融池６０は、溶接完了時点においてブローホール
が発生することなく、その表面は滑らかな面となり、し
かも、溶接強度が一定したものとなる。By this laser beam irradiation, the irradiated portions of the first plated steel sheet 10 and the second plated steel sheet 20 are sequentially melted, and a molten pool 60 is formed in a region shown by a dotted line in FIG. At this time, the plating layers 12 and 22 of each steel sheet are also melted and metal vapor is generated. Among these plating layers, the metal vapor generated from the plating layers 12a and 22a on the side facing the plated steel sheets 10 and 20 is plated. The gas is released into the atmosphere through the gap S formed between the steel plates 10 and 20. Thus, no bubbles remain in the molten pool 60. Therefore, the molten pool 60 has a smooth surface without blow holes at the time of completion of welding, and has a constant welding strength.
【００２４】最後に、上記した溶融池６０が溶融後に自
然冷却により凝固して溶接部になった段階で溶接は終了
する。このようにして溶接がなされためっき鋼板１０，
２０は、図３に示すように、突出部３０と突出部３１の
間に形成される溶接部６１で繋がれた状態になり、溶接
終了後に押さえ治具４１による固定を解除してから、溶
接作業テーブル４０より取り出される。Finally, the welding is completed when the molten pool 60 solidifies by natural cooling after melting to form a welded portion. The plated steel sheet 10, which is thus welded,
As shown in FIG. 3, 20 is connected by a welding portion 61 formed between the protruding portion 30 and the protruding portion 31, and after the welding is completed, the fixing by the holding jig 41 is released. It is taken out from the work table 40.
【００２５】特に、溶融池６０が自然冷却により凝固す
る際においては、溶融池６０には２枚のめっき鋼板１
０，２０の前記空隙Ｓを狭める力が発生し、その空隙Ｓ
を狭める力は凝固後においても溶接部６１に内部応力と
して残留する。つまり、溶接ひずみＷとして残る。しか
し、この実施例の溶接方法では、その溶接部６１の両脇
に突出部３０，３１が存在して溶接ひずみＷによる内部
応力の働きを阻止しているため、押さえ治具４１を取り
外しても、溶接ひずみＷにより２枚のめっき鋼板１０，
２０が反ることを防止することができる。すなわち、め
っき鋼板１０，２０がその空隙Ｓを狭めるられる方向に
反るようなことはない。従って、この溶接方法によれ
ば、溶接ひずみによるめっき鋼板の反りが発生しないた
め、第１のめっき鋼板１０と第２のめっき鋼板２０とを
高精度に溶接することができる。In particular, when the molten pool 60 is solidified by natural cooling, two molten steel plates 1
A force for narrowing the gap S of 0, 20 is generated.
The force for narrowing remains as an internal stress in the welded portion 61 even after solidification. That is, it remains as welding strain W. However, in the welding method of this embodiment, since the projections 30 and 31 exist on both sides of the welded portion 61 to prevent the internal stress caused by the welding strain W, the holding jig 41 is removed. , Two plated steel sheets 10,
20 can be prevented from warping. That is, the plated steel sheets 10 and 20 do not warp in the direction in which the gap S can be narrowed. Therefore, according to this welding method, since the warp of the plated steel sheet due to welding strain does not occur, the first plated steel sheet 10 and the second plated steel sheet 20 can be welded with high accuracy.
【００２６】また、この溶接方法では、レーザビーム５
０が突出部３０と突出部３１の中間点からずれた位置に
照射されても、その照射位置が少なくとも両突出部３
０，３１の間の領域Ｒであれば、同様の理由により２枚
のめっき鋼板１０，２０には反りが発生しない。このこ
とは、レーザビーム５０の照射角度がずれている場合
（例えば斜めに照射される場合）、突出部の形状や形成
位置がずれている場合、或いは、めっき鋼板の重ね合わ
せ状態が多少ずれている場合であっても同様である。こ
れにより、レーザビームの照***度、突出部の形状又は
形成位置の精度、及び、めっき鋼板の重ね合わせ精度等
についてはそれ程高いレベルのものは要求されないた
め、レーザビームのセッティング作業をはじめ、突出部
の形成作業やめっき鋼板の重ね合わせ作業を、簡便にか
つ効率よく、しかも安価に行うことができる。In this welding method, the laser beam 5
0 is applied to a position shifted from the intermediate point between the protrusions 30 and 31, the irradiation position is at least
In the region R between 0 and 31, no warpage occurs in the two plated steel sheets 10 and 20 for the same reason. This is because when the irradiation angle of the laser beam 50 is shifted (for example, when the irradiation is performed obliquely), when the shape or formation position of the protruding portion is shifted, or when the superposed state of the plated steel sheets is slightly shifted. It is the same even when there is. As a result, the laser beam irradiation accuracy, the accuracy of the shape or formation position of the projecting portion, and the superposition accuracy of the plated steel sheet, etc., are not required to be so high. Can be simply, efficiently, and inexpensively performed.
【００２７】なお、めっき鋼板に形成する突出部の個
数、形状、形成位置等については、前記実施例の内容に
限定されず適宜選定することができる。The number, shape, formation position, and the like of the projecting portions formed on the plated steel sheet are not limited to the contents of the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately selected.
【００２８】例えば、前記した突出部３０，３１の場
合、その数については３個以上であってもよい。また、
その形状については、図５に例示するように連続して突
出した長尺な形状のものであっても、図６、７に例示す
るようにその頂部が尖った形状のものであってもよい。
この突出部の頂部の形状は、はがね鋼板の重ね合わせ時
の安定性が良好である観点から、めっき鋼板の表面に面
接触できるような平面形状からなるものが望ましい。突
出部の頂部の形状を平面状にした場合には、はがね鋼板
の重ね合わせ時の安定性が良好になる結果、そのめっき
鋼板を固定するための治具としてより簡単な治具を使用
することが可能となる。また、図５に示すような形状の
突出部はプレス成形加工により形成することができる。For example, in the case of the above-mentioned projections 30, 31, the number thereof may be three or more. Also,
The shape may be a long shape that continuously protrudes as illustrated in FIG. 5, or may be a sharp-pointed shape as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7. .
The shape of the top of the protruding portion is desirably a planar shape that can make surface contact with the surface of the plated steel sheet, from the viewpoint of good stability when the steel sheets are stacked. If the shape of the top of the protruding part is flat, the stability at the time of overlapping the steel sheets will be good, so a simpler jig will be used as a jig for fixing the plated steel sheet It is possible to do. Further, the protrusion having the shape as shown in FIG. 5 can be formed by press molding.
【００２９】また、その形成位置については、図６に示
すように１つの突出部３０を第１のめっき鋼板１０に形
成し、もう１つの突出部３１を第２のめっき鋼板２０に
形成するようにしても、あるいは、図７に示すように突
出部３０，３１を第２のめっき鋼板２０側にまとめて形
成するようにしてもよい。この突出部は、突出部を形成
しやすいめっき鋼板側に形成すればよい。また、突出部
は、図６に例示するよに２枚のめっき鋼板にそれぞれ分
けて形成するよりも、片方のめっき鋼板にまとめて形成
した方が、製造コストや作業効率の点で有利である。As for the formation position, as shown in FIG. 6, one protrusion 30 is formed on the first plated steel sheet 10 and another protrusion 31 is formed on the second plated steel sheet 20. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7, the protruding portions 30, 31 may be collectively formed on the second plated steel sheet 20 side. The protruding portion may be formed on the plated steel sheet side where the protruding portion is easily formed. In addition, it is advantageous in terms of manufacturing cost and work efficiency that the protruding portion is formed collectively on one of the plated steel sheets, rather than separately formed on two plated steel sheets as illustrated in FIG. .
【００３０】さらに、この重ね継手溶接は、３枚以上の
めっき鋼板を重ね合わせて行うこともできる。図８は、
３枚のめっき鋼板７０，７１，７２を重ね合わせて溶接
する場合を示す。この場合には、互いに向き合う２枚の
めっき鋼板、すなわちめっき鋼板７０とめっき鋼板７１
の間、めっき鋼板７１とめっき鋼板７２の間においてそ
れぞれ合計２個以上の突出部を形成すればよい。図８に
示す例では、めっき鋼板７０に２つの突出部３２，３３
を形成し、めっき鋼板７１に２つの突出部３４，３５を
形成している。そして、このときには、例えば突出部間
の間隔Ｌが最も狭い、突出部３２，３３の間にレーザー
ビーム５０を照射して溶接を行うようにすればよい。Further, the lap joint welding can be performed by superposing three or more plated steel sheets. FIG.
The case where three plated steel sheets 70, 71, 72 are overlapped and welded is shown. In this case, two plated steel sheets facing each other, that is, a plated steel sheet 70 and a plated steel sheet 71
During this period, a total of two or more projections may be formed between the plated steel sheet 71 and the plated steel sheet 72, respectively. In the example shown in FIG. 8, two protrusions 32 and 33
And two projecting portions 34 and 35 are formed on the plated steel plate 71. In this case, for example, welding may be performed by irradiating the laser beam 50 between the projecting portions 32 and 33 where the interval L between the projecting portions is the smallest.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明のレーザ溶
接方法は、重ね合わせる際に向き合う２枚のめっき鋼板
を、合計で少なくとも２つ以上の突出部が当該突出部の
形成されていないめっき鋼板に当接するように重ね合わ
せた後に、突出部と突出部の間となるめっき鋼板の領域
内にレーザビームを照射するようにしているので、たと
えレーザビームの照***度、突出部の形状又は形成位置
の精度、めっき鋼板の重ね合わせ精度等が変動しても、
ブローホールや溶接後の反りが発生しない重ね継手溶接
を行うことができる。また、めっき鋼板を固定する治具
を取り外した後であっても、上記溶接後の反りが発生す
ることはない。さらに、めっき鋼板を少なくとも２つの
突出部により一定の空隙をあけた平行状態で確実に支持
できるため、高精度な治具を使用する必要がなく、めっ
き鋼板を効率よく重ね合わせることができる。As described above, according to the laser welding method of the present invention, the two plated steel sheets facing each other at the time of superposition are subjected to plating in which at least two or more projections are formed without the projections in total. Since the laser beam is applied to the area of the plated steel sheet between the protruding parts after being overlapped so as to contact the steel sheet, even if the irradiation accuracy of the laser beam, the shape or formation of the protruding part Even if the position accuracy, the overlay accuracy of plated steel sheet, etc. fluctuate,
Lap joint welding that does not generate blow holes or warpage after welding can be performed. Further, even after the jig for fixing the plated steel sheet is removed, the warpage after the welding does not occur. Further, since the plated steel sheet can be reliably supported in a parallel state with a predetermined gap by at least two projections, it is not necessary to use a high-precision jig, and the plated steel sheets can be efficiently overlapped.
【００３２】従って、このレーザ溶接方法は、少なくと
もレーザビームを突出部と突出部の間の領域内に照射す
れば、ブロホールや反りの発生のない高精度な重ね継手
溶接を製品間でばらつくこともなく常に安定して行うこ
とができる。しかも、溶接部が少なくとも突出部と突出
部の間の領域内に形成される限りは、その溶接部の形態
が常に等しくなるため溶接強度もばらつくことなく安定
したものとなる。そして、レーザビームの照***度をは
じめ、突出部の形状又は形成位置の精度やめっき鋼板の
重ね合わせ精度等についても、それほど厳しい精度が要
求されないため、上記したような高精度な溶接作業を簡
便にかつ効率よく行うことができる。さらに、製造コス
トの上昇を招く要素もないため、溶接単価ひいては製品
単価の低減が可能でもある。Therefore, in this laser welding method, high-precision lap joint welding free of blowholes and warpage can be varied between products by irradiating at least a laser beam into a region between the projecting portions. It can always be performed stably. In addition, as long as the weld is formed at least in the region between the protrusions, the form of the weld is always the same, so that the welding strength is stable without variation. In addition, the laser beam irradiation accuracy, as well as the accuracy of the shape or formation position of the protruding portion and the overlay accuracy of the plated steel sheet, are not required to be so strictly accurate. It can be performed efficiently. Furthermore, since there is no factor that causes an increase in manufacturing cost, the welding unit price and thus the product unit price can be reduced.
【００３３】また、めっき鋼板として、鋼板金属の融点
よりも低い沸点を有するめっき材料によりめっきされた
ものを使用した場合には、溶接時においてめっき成分の
金属蒸気が発生しやすいものとなるが、重なり合うめっ
き鋼板の間に空隙が確実に形成されるため、その金属蒸
気の放出が可能となり、レーザビームの照***度、突出
部の形状又は形成位置の精度、めっき鋼板の重ね合わせ
精度等の変動に係わらず、ブローホールの発生を確実に
防止することができる。When a plated steel sheet plated with a plating material having a boiling point lower than the melting point of the steel sheet metal is used, a metal vapor of a plating component is easily generated at the time of welding. Since voids are reliably formed between the plated steel sheets that overlap, the metal vapor can be released, and the accuracy of the laser beam irradiation, the shape or formation position of the protrusions, the accuracy of the superposition of the plated steel sheets, etc. Regardless, the occurrence of blow holes can be reliably prevented.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】 本発明の一実施例に係るレーザ溶接方法（重
ね継手溶接）の作業状況を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a working state of a laser welding method (lap joint welding) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】 図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
【図３】 実施例における溶接終了後の状況を示す断面
図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a situation after welding is completed in the embodiment.
【図４】 実施例における突出部の構成を示す斜視図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a protruding portion in the embodiment.
【図５】 突出部の他の構成例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the protruding portion.
【図６】 突出部の他の構成例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the protruding portion.
【図７】 突出部の他の構成例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the protruding portion.
【図８】 ３枚のめっき鋼板を重ね継手溶接する場合の
一構成例を示す断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a configuration in a case where three plated steel sheets are lap joint welded.
【図９】 従来のレーザ溶接方法における問題点を説明
するもので、（ａ）はそのレーザビームの照射状況の一
例を示す断面図、（ｂ）は溶接後に発生する反りの状況
を示す断面図である。9 (a) is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a laser beam irradiation state, and FIG. 9 (b) is a cross-sectional view illustrating a warp state occurring after welding. It is.
【図１０】 従来のレーザ溶接方法における問題点を説
明するもので、（ａ）はそのレーザビームの照射状況の
他例を示す断面図、（ｂ）は溶接後に発生する反りの状
況を示す断面図である。10 (a) is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of a laser beam irradiation state, and FIG. 10 (b) is a cross-sectional view illustrating a warp state occurring after welding. FIG.
【図１１】 図１０に示すレーザ溶接方法においてレー
ザビームの照射位置ずれにより発生する溶接精度のばら
つき等を説明するための説明図である。FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a variation in welding accuracy and the like caused by a displacement of a laser beam irradiation position in the laser welding method shown in FIG. 10;
【図１２】 従来のレーザ溶接方法における反り発生の
過程を示す説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a process of occurrence of warpage in a conventional laser welding method.
１０，２０…めっき鋼板、１２，２２…めっき層、３０
〜３５…突出部、ｈ…突出部の高さ、Ｒ…突出部と突出
部の間の領域。10, 20: plated steel sheet, 12, 22: plated layer, 30
-35: protrusion, h: height of protrusion, R: area between protrusions.
Claims (2)
ーザビームを照射して重ね継手溶接を行うめっき鋼板の
レーザ溶接方法において、 前記重ね合わせる際に向き合う２枚のめっき鋼板のうち
のいずれか一方に少なくとも２つの同じ高さからなる突
出部を形成するか若しくはその双方に少なくとも１つの
同じ高さからなる突出部を形成し、その各突出部が当該
突出部の形成されていない側のめっき鋼板の表面に当接
するようにめっき鋼板どうしを重ね合わせた後、突出部
と突出部の間となるめっき鋼板の領域内にレーザビーム
を照射して溶接を行うようにしたことを特徴とするめっ
き鋼板のレーザ溶接方法。1. A laser welding method for a plated steel sheet in which two or more plated steel sheets are overlapped and lap joint welding is performed by irradiating a laser beam, wherein any one of the two plated steel sheets facing each other when the overlapping is performed. At least one protrusion having the same height is formed on one side, or at least one protrusion having the same height is formed on both of the protrusions, and each of the protrusions is plated on the side where the protrusion is not formed. Plating characterized by superimposing plated steel sheets so as to contact the surface of the steel sheet, and then performing welding by irradiating the laser beam to the area of the plated steel sheet between the protrusions Laser welding method for steel sheet.
い沸点を有するめっき材料によりめっきされたものであ
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載のレーザ溶接方法。2. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the plated steel sheet is plated with a plating material having a boiling point lower than the melting point of the steel sheet metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9026710A JPH10216974A (en) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-02-10 | Laser beam welding method for plated steel plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9026710A JPH10216974A (en) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-02-10 | Laser beam welding method for plated steel plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10216974A true JPH10216974A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
Family
ID=12200931
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9026710A Pending JPH10216974A (en) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-02-10 | Laser beam welding method for plated steel plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10216974A (en) |
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