JPH10204512A - Operation of vertical scrap melting furnace - Google Patents
Operation of vertical scrap melting furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10204512A JPH10204512A JP893697A JP893697A JPH10204512A JP H10204512 A JPH10204512 A JP H10204512A JP 893697 A JP893697 A JP 893697A JP 893697 A JP893697 A JP 893697A JP H10204512 A JPH10204512 A JP H10204512A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blasting
- tuyere
- scrap
- furnace
- secondary combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、竪型スクラップ溶
解炉の操業方法に関し、スクラップと炭材を原材料とし
て溶銑を製造するに際し、スクラップ充填層内で効率よ
く２次燃焼を行い、スクラップを効果的に予熱する操業
方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of operating a vertical scrap melting furnace, and in performing hot metal production using scrap and carbon materials as raw materials, secondary combustion is efficiently performed in a scrap packed bed to reduce scrap. It relates to an operation method of preheating.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、製鋼用の鉄源として、高炉で鉄鉱
石を溶融還元して得た溶銑、あるいはこれを冷却、凝固
させた冷銑、あるいは鉄鋼材料の加工や建築物や機械製
品等の老廃化により発生するスクラップ等がある。これ
らの鉄源を使用する際に、溶銑や冷銑の場合は、鉄鉱石
を溶融還元するのに多くのエネルギーが必要であり、か
つ原料である鉄鉱石等の事前処理と高炉や転炉のような
大規模な設備が必要である。これに対して、スクラップ
の使用は、鉄鉱石と比較して還元に要する熱分だけエネ
ルギー使用量を削減することができ、また原料の事前処
理を簡略化することができるので、大規模な設備を必要
としないといった利点がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an iron source for steelmaking, hot metal obtained by smelting and reducing iron ore in a blast furnace, or cold iron that has been cooled and solidified, or processing of steel materials, buildings and machine products, etc. Scrap generated due to aging of the steel. When using these iron sources, in the case of hot or cold pig iron, a large amount of energy is required for smelting and reducing iron ore, and pretreatment of the raw material such as iron ore and blast furnace and converter Such large-scale equipment is required. On the other hand, the use of scrap can reduce the amount of energy used by the heat required for reduction as compared with iron ore, and can simplify the pre-processing of raw materials. There is an advantage that it is not necessary.
【０００３】竪型スクラップ溶解炉は、熱源としてコー
クス等の安価な炭材を使用することができることと、竪
型炉の特性上排ガス温度を低くすることが可能であるた
め、熱効率を向上させることができ、エネルギー使用
量、コストの両方の利点が得られる。例えば、従来のキ
ュポラ操業では、エネルギー効率を上げコークス原単位
を減少させる方法として熱風操業、分割送風操業が行わ
れている。[0003] A vertical scrap melting furnace can use inexpensive carbonaceous materials such as coke as a heat source and, because of the characteristics of the vertical furnace, can lower the exhaust gas temperature, thereby improving thermal efficiency. The advantages of both energy consumption and cost can be obtained. For example, in a conventional cupola operation, a hot air operation and a divided air blowing operation are performed as a method of increasing energy efficiency and reducing coke intensity.
【０００４】熱風操業とは送風温度を上げるために、外
部に熱交換器を設置する操業方法であり、分割送風操業
とは、下部送風羽口で生じたＣＯガスをシャフト部上部
に設けたもう一つの送風羽口から送り込む空気によって
ＣＯ2 まで燃焼させ、その熱を利用してスクラップを予
熱し、エネルギー効率を上げる操業方法である。しかし
ながら、熱風送風によるスクラップ溶解炉の操業方法で
は、送風を加熱する熱源としてキュポラ排ガスの持ち去
る熱量を利用するために種々の熱交換器あるいは別の燃
料で送風を予熱するための外熱式予熱装置を設置しなけ
ればならず、設備が多大になるという問題があった。ま
た、熱交換器自体の熱伝達効率の制約により、排ガス顕
熱の形で系外に捨てられる熱エネルギーも多く、また低
カロリー潜熱の有効利用も困難であった。[0004] The hot blast operation is an operation method in which a heat exchanger is installed outside to increase the blast temperature, and the split blast operation is a method in which CO gas generated at a lower blast tuyere is provided at an upper portion of a shaft portion. This is an operation method in which CO 2 is burned by air sent from one blow tuyere and the heat is used to preheat scrap to increase energy efficiency. However, in a method of operating a scrap melting furnace using hot air blowing, an external heat preheating device for preheating air with various heat exchangers or other fuels in order to use the calorie carried away by the cupola exhaust gas as a heat source for heating the air. Must be installed, and there is a problem that the equipment becomes enormous. In addition, due to the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger itself, much heat energy was discarded outside the system in the form of sensible heat of exhaust gas, and it was difficult to effectively use low-calorie latent heat.
【０００５】分割送風によるスクラップ溶解炉の操業方
法では、上部送風羽口からの送風によりＣＯ＋（１／
２）Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 の発熱反応が起こり、局所的な加熱に
より部分溶融する可能性があり、排ガスの通気性が阻害
され、かつスクラップの融着による棚吊り現象が生じ易
くなり、操業が不安定となる危険性がある。In a method of operating a scrap melting furnace by divided blowing, CO + (1/1) is blown by blowing air from an upper blowing tuyere.
2) An exothermic reaction of O 2 → CO 2 occurs, and there is a possibility of partial melting due to local heating, which impairs the ventilation of exhaust gas, and easily causes a shelving phenomenon due to the fusion of scrap, thereby increasing the operation. There is a risk of instability.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、前述の問題
点を解決し、竪型スクラップ溶解炉の操業において、多
大の設備を用いることなく、炭材のエネルギーを最大限
有効に使い切り、スクラップ溶解に必要な炭材原単位を
大幅に低減し、かつ棚吊り等のトラブルが生じない竪型
スクラップ溶解炉の操業方法を提供することを目的とす
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and in the operation of a vertical scrap melting furnace, the energy of the carbonaceous material can be used as efficiently as possible without using much equipment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of operating a vertical scrap melting furnace which significantly reduces the carbon unit consumption required for melting and does not cause troubles such as hanging a shelf.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】竪型スクラップ溶解炉の
操業方法について、熱源（炭材）の使用量削減の検討を
した結果、下部送風羽口で生成したＣＯガスを発熱反応
であるＣＯ＋（１／２）Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 によりＣＯ2 に燃
焼させ、炉内で炭材のエネルギーを十分に使い切る技術
を開発することが重要である。すなわち、図１に示すよ
うに、炉壁高さ方向に設けた上部送風羽口を活用して２
次燃焼が行なわれるようにすることとしたものである。As for the operation method of the vertical scrap melting furnace, as a result of studying the reduction of the amount of heat source (carbon material) used, the CO gas generated in the lower tuyere was exothermic CO + ( 1/2) O 2 → the CO 2 is combusted to CO 2, it is important to develop a technology to use up the energy of the carbonaceous material well in a furnace. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper tuyere provided in the furnace wall height direction is
The next combustion is to be performed.
【０００８】すなわち、本発明は、炉体高さ方向に２段
以上の送風羽口を具備した竪型炉を用いて、炭材の燃焼
熱により主にスクラップを溶解して溶銑を製造するに当
り、送風羽口１本当りの送風量を６０〜４００Ｎｍ3 ／
ｈの範囲とし、上部送風羽口からの送風量を下記（１）
式に示す量に規定し、かつ送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向
距離を０．３〜０．９ｍの範囲とすることを特徴とする
竪型スクラップ溶解炉の操業方法である。That is, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing molten iron mainly by melting scrap by the heat of combustion of carbonaceous material using a vertical furnace having two or more stages of blowing tuyeres in the height direction of the furnace body. , The amount of air per one tuyere is 60 to 400 Nm 3 /
h and the amount of air blown from the upper tuyere is
A method for operating a vertical scrap melting furnace, characterized in that the amount is defined in the formula and the distance in the furnace body height direction of each stage of the blowing tuyere is in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 m.
【０００９】 Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）＝０．１５〜０．２１ …（１） Ｖ1 ：最下部送風羽口流量（Ｎｍ3 ／ｈ） Ｖ2 ：上部送風羽口流量（Ｎｍ3 ／ｈ） 送風羽口１本当りの送風量は６０Ｎｍ3 ／ｈを下廻ると
２次燃焼率が低下するから下限を６０Ｎｍ3 ／ｈとし
た。また、送風羽口１本当りの送風量が４００Ｎｍ3 ／
ｈを超えるとスクラップの局部加熱による棚吊り発生と
なるので４００Ｎｍ3 ／ｈ以下とする。V 2 / (V 1 + V 2 ) = 0.15 to 0.21 (1) V 1 : Lowermost tuyere flow rate (Nm 3 / h) V 2 : Upper blown tuyere flow rate (Nm 3) / h) air volume per one blast tuyere was a lower limit from the Shitamawaru a 60 Nm 3 / h 2 post combustion rate decreases and 60 Nm 3 / h. In addition, the blowing volume per blow tuyere is 400 Nm 3 /
If it exceeds h, the shelf will be suspended due to the local heating of the scrap, so that it is set to 400 Nm 3 / h or less.
【００１０】送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向距離は０．３
ｍ未満では最下段の羽口前で生成したＣＯを効果的にＣ
Ｏ2 に燃焼させる２次燃焼が向上せず、一方０．９ｍを
超えると２次燃焼率が低下するので０．３〜０．９の範
囲とする。Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）の値は実炉における試
験の結果、０．１５未満でも０．２１超でも２次燃焼率
が低下することが判明したのでこの範囲に限定した。[0010] The distance in the furnace height direction of each stage of the blowing tuyere is 0.3.
m, the CO generated in front of the lowermost tuyere can be effectively reduced to C.
O 2 secondary combustion to burn not improved, the contrast exceeds 0.9m When the secondary combustion rate in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 so reduced. The value of V 2 / (V 1 + V 2 ) was limited to this range because the results of tests in an actual furnace revealed that the secondary combustion rate was reduced when the value was less than 0.15 or more than 0.21.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】竪型スクラップ溶解炉では、一般
的に、竪型炉下部に設置された送風羽口から送られる空
気で、Ｃ＋Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 、Ｃ＋（１／２）Ｏ2 →ＣＯの
反応が起こり、未燃のＣＯガスが炉内を上昇し炉外に排
出される。すなわち、炉外に排出されるガス中のＣＯ分
だけは潜熱分として捨てられることになる。そこで上部
に設置した送風羽口からの空気によりＣＯ＋（１／２）
Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 の発熱反応で２次燃焼率を向上させ、炭材
のもつエネルギーを炉内で十分に使い切ることが溶解エ
ネルギーの低減のためには重要である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a vertical scrap melting furnace, generally, air sent from a blowing tuyere installed at the lower part of the vertical furnace is C + O 2 → CO 2 , C + (1/2) O 2 → The reaction of CO occurs, and unburned CO gas rises inside the furnace and is discharged outside the furnace. That is, only the CO component in the gas discharged outside the furnace is discarded as the latent heat component. Therefore, CO + (1/2) by air from the tuyere installed at the top
It is important to reduce the melting energy by improving the secondary combustion rate by the exothermic reaction of O 2 → CO 2 and fully using the energy of the carbon material in the furnace.
【００１２】図１は、本発明を好適に実施できる竪型ス
クラップ溶解炉の概略説明図である。装入原料であるス
クラップ２、炭材３としてのコークスを炉頂弁から溶解
炉シャフト部１内に装入する。溶解炉シャフト部１の下
部に設置した送風羽口４から空気を送風し、上部に設置
した送風羽口５により２次燃焼を精度よく行なわせる。
この２次燃焼によりスクラップの予熱を行い、装入原料
を連続的に装入し、溶解して溶銑８を取鍋９に得る。FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a vertical scrap melting furnace which can suitably carry out the present invention. A scrap 2 as a charging raw material and coke as a carbonaceous material 3 are charged into the melting furnace shaft portion 1 from a furnace top valve. Air is blown from a blowing tuyere 4 installed at a lower portion of the melting furnace shaft portion 1, and secondary combustion is accurately performed by a blowing tuyere 5 installed at an upper portion.
The preheating of the scrap is performed by the secondary combustion, and the charged raw material is continuously charged and melted to obtain the hot metal 8 in the ladle 9.
【００１３】そこで、炭材のもつエネルギーを炉内で十
分に使い切るために、図１に示すように、スクラップ予
熱層部に２次燃焼用の送風羽口５を設置することによ
り、ＣＯ＋（１／２）Ｏ2 →ＣＯ2 の２次燃焼反応が生
じ２次燃焼率を向上させることができる。また、２次燃
焼率向上には、下部送風羽口と上部送風羽口間距離に大
きく影響される。この理由としては、２次燃焼によりＣ
Ｏ2 になったガスはガス温度が高いとさらに、充填層部
のコークスとＣＯ2 ＋Ｃ→２ＣＯなる反応（ソリューシ
ョンロス反応）が起こり２次燃焼率が向上しない。従っ
て、高さ方向での２次燃焼領域すなわち、羽口間距離が
非常に重要である。Therefore, in order to fully use the energy of the carbon material in the furnace, as shown in FIG. 1, a blowing tuyere 5 for the secondary combustion is installed in the scrap preheating layer, so that CO + (1 / 2) A secondary combustion reaction of O 2 → CO 2 occurs to improve the secondary combustion rate. Further, the improvement in the secondary combustion rate is greatly affected by the distance between the lower and upper blowing tuyeres. The reason for this is that secondary combustion causes C
When the gas temperature of the O 2 gas is high, a reaction (solution loss reaction) of CO 2 + C → 2CO occurs with the coke in the packed bed portion, and the secondary combustion rate does not improve. Therefore, the secondary combustion area in the height direction, that is, the distance between the tuyere is very important.
【００１４】本発明はこの点に着目し、下部送風羽口と
上部送風羽口の間の距離を種々変更して実験を行った。
竪型溶解炉として図１に概略を示す形式の３ｔ／ｈの能
力を有するキュポラを用いて、１００ｔのスクラップを
溶解した。使用したスクラップはサイズが２５〜１５０
ｍｍのシュレッダースクラップであり、炭材としてサイ
ズが３０〜７５ｍｍの高炉用コークスを使用した。な
お、溶解炉シャフト部１の内径は６００ｍｍである。In view of this point, the present invention has conducted experiments by changing the distance between the lower and upper blast tuyeres.
100 t of scrap was melted using a cupola having a capacity of 3 t / h of a type schematically shown in FIG. 1 as a vertical melting furnace. Used scrap size 25-150
mm shredder scrap, and blast furnace coke having a size of 30 to 75 mm was used as a carbon material. Note that the inner diameter of the melting furnace shaft portion 1 is 600 mm.
【００１５】操業条件としては、キュポラへのスクラッ
プとコークスの装入を層状に炉頂弁より投入し、得られ
る溶銑温度が１５４０±１０℃、溶銑中炭素濃度が３．
５±０．５％となるように炉頂からのコークス装入量を
調節した。一方送風量は、最下部送風羽口から１本当り
３８２Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒでＶ1 ＝１５２８Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒ、上
部装入羽口から１本あたり６８Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒでＶ2 ＝２
７２Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒの割合で供給した。このとき、（Ｖ2
／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）＝０．１５である。The operating conditions are as follows. Scrap and coke are charged into the cupola in layers from the furnace top valve, and the resulting hot metal temperature is 1540 ± 10 ° C. and the carbon concentration in the hot metal is 3.
The amount of coke charged from the furnace top was adjusted to be 5 ± 0.5%. Meanwhile blowing amount, V 2 = 2 in the bottom blowing tuyeres 1 Hontori 382 nm 3 / hr at V 1 = 1528Nm 3 / hr, per one from the upper instrumentation Nyuhane port 68 nm 3 / hr
It was supplied at a rate of 72 Nm 3 / hr. At this time, (V 2
/ (V 1 + V 2 ) = 0.15.
【００１６】このようにして実験を行い、２次燃焼率を
調査したところ図２に示す結果が得られた。この図か
ら、下部送風羽口と２次燃焼用の上部装入羽口の間の距
離が０．３〜０．９ｍの範囲で、５０％以上の好ましい
２次燃焼率が達成できることが明らかとなった。したが
って、本発明では、下部送風羽口と２次燃焼用の上部装
入羽口の間の距離を０．３〜０．９ｍの範囲に規定する
ものである。Experiments were conducted in this way, and the secondary combustion rate was investigated. The results shown in FIG. 2 were obtained. From this figure, it is clear that a preferable secondary combustion rate of 50% or more can be achieved when the distance between the lower blowing tuyere and the upper charging tuyere for secondary combustion is in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 m. became. Therefore, in the present invention, the distance between the lower blowing tuyere and the upper charging tuyere for secondary combustion is defined in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 m.
【００１７】また、上部送風羽口５により、（１）式で
示した流量比及び送風羽口１本当りの送風量を６０〜４
００Ｎｍ3 ／ｈの範囲であれば、局所的な加熱によりス
クラップの融着が起こらず、装入物充填層部の高さ方向
で温度分布を制御することができ、最適な予熱を行うこ
とができ、炭材のもつエネルギーを有効にスクラップの
予熱、溶解に利用することができる。Further, the upper blower tuyere 5 allows the flow rate ratio and the blown amount per blower tuyere represented by the expression (1) to be 60 to 4 times.
Within the range of 00 Nm 3 / h, the fusion of the scrap does not occur due to local heating, the temperature distribution can be controlled in the height direction of the charged bed portion, and the optimal preheating can be performed. The energy of the carbon material can be used effectively for preheating and melting the scrap.
【００１８】前述したように、２次燃焼を生じさせるた
めには上部送風羽口からの送風が不可欠であり、上部送
風羽口から吹き込む空気の量を増すことで２次燃焼率が
向上する。しかしながら、上部羽口からの送風量を増大
していくと、スクラップが浸炭・溶解する以前に過度に
予熱されることになり、スクラップの融着により棚吊り
や通気抵抗の増大をきたし、逆に２次燃焼率を悪化させ
ることが経験された。そこで、本発明者等は上部羽口か
らの吹込み空気量の全吹込み空気量に対する割合Ｖ2 ／
（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）を種々変化させて、２次燃焼率に及ぼす
影響を調査した。なお、実験条件は、前述と同じキュポ
ラを用い、キュポラへスクラップとコークスの装入を層
状に炉頂弁より投入し、得られる溶銑温度が１５４０±
１０℃、溶銑中炭素濃度が３．５±０．５％となるよう
に炉頂からのコークス装入量を調節した。一方、下部送
風羽口と２次燃焼用の上部装入羽口の間の距離を０．９
ｍとした。As described above, in order to cause secondary combustion, it is essential to blow air from the upper blowing tuyere. By increasing the amount of air blown from the upper blowing tuyere, the secondary combustion rate is improved. However, if the amount of air blown from the upper tuyere is increased, the scrap will be preheated excessively before carburizing and melting, and the fusion of the scrap will cause shelving and increase the ventilation resistance, and conversely It has been experienced to worsen the secondary burn rate. Therefore, the present inventors have determined that the ratio of the amount of air blown from the upper tuyere to the total amount of blown air V 2 /
(V 1 + V 2 ) was varied to investigate the effect on the secondary combustion rate. The experimental conditions were as follows. The same cupola as described above was used, and scrap and coke were charged into the cupola in layers from the furnace top valve, and the resulting hot metal temperature was 1540 ±
The amount of coke charged from the furnace top was adjusted at 10 ° C. so that the carbon concentration in the hot metal was 3.5 ± 0.5%. On the other hand, the distance between the lower blowing tuyere and the upper charging tuyere for secondary combustion is 0.9.
m.
【００１９】このようにして実験を行い、２次燃焼率を
調査したところ図３に示す結果が得られた。図３から、
Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）が０．１５〜０．２１の範囲で６
０％以上の好ましい２次燃焼率が得られた。従って本発
明ではＶ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）を０．１５〜０．２１の範
囲に規定するものである。The experiment was performed as described above, and the secondary combustion rate was investigated. The result shown in FIG. 3 was obtained. From FIG.
In the range of V 2 / (V 1 + V 2) is from 0.15 to 0.21 6
A desirable secondary combustion rate of 0% or more was obtained. The present invention therefore is intended to define V 2 / a (V 1 + V 2) in the range of 0.15 to 0.21.
【００２０】[0020]
（実施例１）本発明の１実施例として、竪型溶解炉とし
て３ｔ／ｈの能力を有するキュポラを用いて、１００ｔ
のスクラップを溶解した。この実施例において、使用し
たスクラップはサイズが２５〜１５０ｍｍのシュレッダ
ースクラップであり、炭材としてサイズが３０〜７５ｍ
ｍの高炉用コークスを使用した。なお、溶解炉シャフト
部１の内径は６００ｍｍである。(Embodiment 1) As one embodiment of the present invention, 100 t is used by using a cupola having a capacity of 3 t / h as a vertical melting furnace.
Was dissolved. In this example, the scrap used was a shredder scrap having a size of 25 to 150 mm and a size of 30 to 75 m as a carbon material.
m of blast furnace coke was used. Note that the inner diameter of the melting furnace shaft portion 1 is 600 mm.
【００２１】操業条件としては、キュポラへのスクラッ
プとコークスの装入を層状に炉頂弁より投入し、得られ
る溶銑温度が１５４０±１０℃、溶銑中炭素濃度が３．
５±０．５％となるように炉頂からのコークス装入量を
調節した。一方、送風量は、最下部送風羽口から、１本
当り３８２Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒで計１５２８Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒ、上
部送風羽口から１本当り６８Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒで計２７２Ｎ
ｍ3 ／ｈｒの割合で供給した。このときＶ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋
Ｖ2 ）＝０．１５である。なお、送風羽口各段の炉体高
さ方向距離を０．３ｍとした。以上の実施例−１におけ
る操業の結果、下記に示す２次燃焼率は５６％となり、
コークス原単位は１００ｋｇ／ｔとなった。The operating conditions are as follows. The scrap and coke are charged into the cupola in a layered manner from the furnace top valve, and the resulting hot metal temperature is 1540 ± 10 ° C. and the carbon concentration in the hot metal is 3.
The amount of coke charged from the furnace top was adjusted to be 5 ± 0.5%. On the other hand, the blast volume is from the bottom blowing tuyeres, by 1 Hontori 382 nm 3 / hr in total of 1528Nm 3 / hr, 1 from the upper air blowing tuyere Hontori 68 nm 3 / hr Total 272N
It was supplied at a rate of m 3 / hr. At this time, V 2 / (V 1 +
V 2 ) = 0.15. In addition, the distance in the furnace body height direction of each stage of the blowing tuyere was 0.3 m. As a result of the operation in Example 1 described above, the secondary combustion rate shown below was 56%,
The basic unit of coke was 100 kg / t.
【００２２】 ２次燃焼率：１００×ＣＯ2 ／（ＣＯ＋ＣＯ2 ）（％） …（２） （実施例２）実施例２として、上記の実施例と同様のや
り方で操業を行い、送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向距離を
０．９ｍとした。その結果、２次燃焼率は６２％、コー
クス原単位は９６ｋｇ／ｔとなった。Secondary combustion rate: 100 × CO 2 / (CO + CO 2 ) (%) (2) (Example 2) As Example 2, operation was performed in the same manner as in the above-described example, The furnace body height direction distance of each stage was 0.9 m. As a result, the secondary combustion rate was 62%, and the basic unit of coke was 96 kg / t.
【００２３】（比較例１）実施例１、２の比較例とし
て、送風条件を実施例１、２と同一条件で行い、送風羽
口各段の炉体高さ方向距離を１．０ｍとした。その結
果、２次燃焼率は４７％と低下し、コークス原単位は１
０６ｋｇ／ｔとなった。 （比較例２）実施例１、２の比較例として、送風条件を
実施例１、２と同一条件で行い、送風羽口各段の炉体高
さ方向距離を０．２５ｍとした。その結果、２次燃焼率
は実施例３と同様に４８％と低下し、コークス原単位は
１０５ｋｇ／ｔとなった。(Comparative Example 1) As a comparative example of Examples 1 and 2, the blowing conditions were the same as in Examples 1 and 2, and the distance in the furnace body height direction at each stage of the tuyere was 1.0 m. As a result, the secondary combustion rate was reduced to 47%, and the coke intensity was 1 unit.
It became 06 kg / t. (Comparative Example 2) As a comparative example of Examples 1 and 2, the blowing conditions were the same as in Examples 1 and 2, and the distance in the furnace body height direction at each stage of the blowing tuyere was 0.25 m. As a result, the secondary combustion rate was reduced to 48% as in Example 3, and the unit coke consumption was 105 kg / t.
【００２４】（実施例３）実施例３として、上記の実施
例と同様の条件で操業を行い、送風羽口各段の炉体高さ
方向距離を０．９ｍとした。送風量は、最下部送風羽口
から１本当り３５５Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒで計１４２０Ｎｍ3 ／
ｈｒ、上部送風羽口から１本当り９５ＮＮｍ3 ／ｈｒの
割合で供給した。このときＶ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）＝０．
２１となる。その結果、２次燃焼率は７２％となり、コ
ークス原単位は９０ｋｇ／ｔとなった。(Example 3) As Example 3, operation was performed under the same conditions as in the above example, and the distance in the furnace height direction at each stage of the blow tuyere was set to 0.9 m. The air flow rate is, from the bottom blowing tuyeres 1 Hontori 355Nm 3 / hr for a total of 1420Nm 3 /
hr, and was supplied at a rate of 95 NNm 3 / hr per piece from the upper blowing tuyere. At this time, V 2 / (V 1 + V 2 ) = 0.
It becomes 21. As a result, the secondary combustion rate was 72%, and the basic unit of coke was 90 kg / t.
【００２５】（比較例３）実施例３の比較例として、送
風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向距離を０．９ｍとし、送風条
件を最下部送風羽口から、１本当り３８７Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒ
で計１５４８Ｎｍ 3 ／ｈｒ、上部送風羽口から１本当り
６３Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒで計２５２Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒの割合で供給
した。このとき、Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）＝０．１４であ
る。その結果、２次燃焼率は４８％と低下し、コークス
原単位は１０５ｋｇ／ｔと高くなった。 （比較例４） 実施例３の比較例として、送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向
距離を０．９ｍとし、送風条件を最下部送風羽口から、
１本当り３５１Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒで計１４０４Ｎｍ 3 ／ｈ
ｒ、上部送風羽口から１本当り９９Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒで計３
９６Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒの割合で供給した。Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ
2 ）＝０．２２となる。その結果、２次燃焼率は実施例
３と同様に５０％と低下し、コークス原単位は１０４ｋ
ｇ／ｔとなった。次に操業上では、スクラップの融着が
起こり、１日あたりの操業で３〜４回の棚吊りが生じ
た。また、送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向距離が０．３〜
０．９ｍの範囲でも、この条件の送風量では棚吊りが発
生した。各実施例・比較例の実験条件を結果を表１にま
とめて示す。(Comparative Example 3) As a comparative example of Embodiment 3, the transmission
The height direction distance of the furnace body at each stage of the tuyere is 0.9m,
387Nm per line from the lowermost tuyereThree / Hr
Total 1548Nm Three / Hr, per one from the upper tuyere
63NmThree / Hr total 252NmThree / Hr supply
did. At this time, VTwo / (V1 + VTwo ) = 0.14
You. As a result, the secondary combustion rate decreased to 48%,
The basic unit increased to 105 kg / t. (Comparative Example 4) As a comparative example of Example 3, the furnace height direction of each stage of the blowing tuyere
The distance is 0.9m, and the blowing condition is
351 Nm per oneThree / Hr total 1404Nm Three / H
r, 99Nm per one from upper tuyereThree / Hr total 3
96NmThree / Hr. VTwo / (V1 + V
Two ) = 0.22. As a result, the secondary combustion rate was
As in the case of No. 3, it decreased to 50%, and the basic unit of coke was 104 k.
g / t. Next, in operation, the fusion of scrap
Occasionally, three or four shelves are suspended in one operation
Was. In addition, the distance in the furnace body height direction of each stage of the tuyere
Even in the range of 0.9 m, shelves are hung at the air volume under this condition.
I was born. Table 1 shows the experimental conditions of each example and comparative example.
Show it.
【００２６】以上の実施例において上部送風羽口流量比
率を前述の（１）式に示した割合でかつ送風羽口１本当
りの送風量を６０〜４００Ｎｍ3 ／ｈの範囲の送風量で
はスクラップの融着は起こらず順調な操業を行うことが
できた。しかし、上部送風羽口流量比率が０．２１を上
廻る比率、あるいは送風羽口１本当りの送風量が４００
Ｎｍ3 ／ｈ以上を越える条件で操業を行うと、スクラッ
プの局所的な加熱により、スクラップの融着が起こり、
棚吊りの原因になり不安定な操業になってしまった。ま
た、上部送風羽口流量比率を０．１５未満の比率あるい
は送風羽口１本当りの送風量が６０Ｎｍ3 ／ｈｒ未満で
操業を行うと２次燃焼率が向上しなかった。従って、上
部送風羽口流量比率は０．１５〜０．２１の範囲でか
つ、送風羽口１本当りの送風量は６０〜４００Ｎｍ3 ／
ｈの範囲が好ましい。また、送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方
向距離が０．３〜０．９ｍの範囲では、２次燃焼率は向
上したが、０．３ｍ未満又は０．９ｍを越える範囲では
逆に２次燃焼率が低下した。In the above embodiment, when the flow rate ratio of the upper blowing tuyere is the ratio shown in the above formula (1) and the blowing amount per blowing tuyere is in the range of 60 to 400 Nm 3 / h, the scrap is scrapped. No fusing occurred and the operation was successful. However, the ratio of the upper tuyere tuyere flow rate exceeding 0.21 or the blowing amount per tuyere is 400
When the operation is performed under a condition exceeding Nm 3 / h or more, fusion of the scrap occurs due to local heating of the scrap,
The operation became unstable due to hanging on the shelf. Further, when the operation was performed with the upper blow tuyere flow rate ratio of less than 0.15 or the blow amount per blow tuyere of less than 60 Nm 3 / hr, the secondary combustion rate did not improve. Therefore, the upper tuyere tuyere flow rate ratio is in the range of 0.15 to 0.21 and the amount of air blown per tuyere is 60 to 400 Nm 3 /.
The range of h is preferred. Further, the secondary combustion rate was improved in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 m in the height direction of the furnace at each stage of the blowing tuyere, but the secondary combustion rate was improved in the range of less than 0.3 m or more than 0.9 m. Burning rate decreased.
【００２７】以上の実施例から明らかなように、本発明
は、２次燃焼率向上による低炭材原単位でかつ棚吊り等
のトラブルがないスクラップの溶解が可能となる。As is apparent from the above-described embodiments, the present invention makes it possible to dissolve scrap with a low carbon unit consumption and no trouble such as hanging on a shelf by improving the secondary combustion rate.
【００２８】[0028]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、シャフト部上部に設け
た送風羽口により、２次燃焼を向上させ、棚吊り等のト
ラブルが発生せずに高さ方向でスクラップの温度分布が
制御でき、炉内で炭材のエネルギーを十分に使い切り、
エネルギー効率向上すなわち、炭材原単位減少が可能と
なった。According to the present invention, the secondary combustion can be improved by the blowing tuyere provided at the upper portion of the shaft portion, and the temperature distribution of the scrap in the height direction can be controlled without any trouble such as hanging the shelf. In the furnace, fully use the energy of the carbon material,
Energy efficiency could be improved, that is, the carbon unit consumption could be reduced.
【図１】使用した竪型スクラップ溶解炉の縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a vertical scrap melting furnace used.
【図２】送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向距離と２次燃焼率
との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a distance in a furnace body height direction at each stage of a blow tuyere and a secondary combustion rate.
【図３】Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）の値と２次燃焼率との関
係を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between a value of V 2 / (V 1 + V 2 ) and a secondary combustion rate.
１ 溶解炉シャフト部 ２ スクラップ ３ コークス ４ 下部送風羽口 ５ 上部送風羽口 ６ 羽口から吹き込まれる空気 ７ 排ガス ８ 溶銑 ９ 取鍋 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Melting furnace shaft part 2 Scrap 3 Coke 4 Lower blowing tuyere 5 Upper blowing tuyere 6 Air blown from a tuyere 7 Exhaust gas 8 Hot metal 9 Ladle
Claims (1)
備した竪型炉を用いて、炭材の燃焼熱により主にスクラ
ップを溶解して溶銑を製造するに当り、送風羽口１本当
りの送風量を６０〜４００Ｎｍ3 ／ｈの範囲とし、上部
送風羽口からの送風量を下記（１）式に示す量に規定
し、かつ送風羽口各段の炉体高さ方向距離を０．３〜
０．９ｍの範囲とすることを特徴とする竪型スクラップ
溶解炉の操業方法。 Ｖ2 ／（Ｖ1 ＋Ｖ2 ）＝０．１５〜０．２１ …（１） Ｖ1 ：最下部送風羽口流量（Ｎｍ3 ／ｈ） Ｖ2 ：上部送風羽口流量（Ｎｍ3 ／ｈ）In a vertical furnace having two or more blast tuyeres in the height direction of the furnace body, a scrap is mainly melted by the heat of combustion of carbon material to produce molten iron, The amount of air blown per tube is in the range of 60 to 400 Nm 3 / h, the amount of air blown from the upper tuyere is defined as the amount shown in the following formula (1), and the distance in the furnace body height direction of each stage of the tuyere is From 0.3 to
A method for operating a vertical scrap melting furnace, characterized in that the thickness is 0.9 m. V 2 / (V 1 + V 2 ) = 0.15 to 0.21 (1) V 1 : Lowermost tuyere flow rate (Nm 3 / h) V 2 : Upper blown tuyere flow rate (Nm 3 / h)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP893697A JPH10204512A (en) | 1997-01-21 | 1997-01-21 | Operation of vertical scrap melting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP893697A JPH10204512A (en) | 1997-01-21 | 1997-01-21 | Operation of vertical scrap melting furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10204512A true JPH10204512A (en) | 1998-08-04 |
Family
ID=11706563
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP893697A Withdrawn JPH10204512A (en) | 1997-01-21 | 1997-01-21 | Operation of vertical scrap melting furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10204512A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2202325A1 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2010-06-30 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of operating vertical furnace |
| JP2013185191A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-19 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for producing molten pig iron using vertical scrap melting furnace |
-
1997
- 1997-01-21 JP JP893697A patent/JPH10204512A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2202325A1 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2010-06-30 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of operating vertical furnace |
| EP2202325A4 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2010-09-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method of operating vertical furnace |
| JP2013185191A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-19 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for producing molten pig iron using vertical scrap melting furnace |
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