JPH10164976A - Vegetation body - Google Patents
Vegetation bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10164976A JPH10164976A JP8325118A JP32511896A JPH10164976A JP H10164976 A JPH10164976 A JP H10164976A JP 8325118 A JP8325118 A JP 8325118A JP 32511896 A JP32511896 A JP 32511896A JP H10164976 A JPH10164976 A JP H10164976A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- vegetation
- plants
- boron
- molybdenum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、切土法面や盛土法
面などの人工的に造成された地盤を緑化するために使用
する植生体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vegetation used for greening artificially created ground such as a cut slope or an embankment slope.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】道路や
盛土などの造成法面を緑化する工法の一つとして、図１
に示すように、不織布、紙、又は薄綿等のシート状基材
１０に種子１２、肥料１４、また必要に応じて土壌改良
材を挟着、接着等の方法により保持させた植生体や、上
述のように種子等を保持したシート状基材の上面を網状
体、ワラコモ等の被覆材１６で覆った植生体を法面に敷
設する植生工法が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art As one of the construction methods for greening a construction slope such as a road or an embankment, FIG.
As shown in, a non-woven fabric, paper, or a vegetation in which a seed 12, a fertilizer 14, and a soil improvement material are sandwiched and held by a method such as adhesion to a sheet-like substrate 10 such as thin cotton, if necessary, As described above, there is known a vegetation method in which a living body in which the upper surface of a sheet-like substrate holding seeds or the like is covered with a covering material 16 such as a net-like body or a warakomo is laid on a slope.
【０００３】植生体に用いる種子としては、早期に植物
の成長を促して土壌の安定化を図るために、イネ科の牧
草を主体とした種子が用いられてきた。ところが、近
年、周辺の環境との調和を促進するために、ヨモギ、ス
スキ等の在来草や、ヤマハギ、イタチハギ、ヤシヤブシ
等の木本類の種子を一部に配合した植生体が提案されて
いる。また、住宅地に近い場所で用いる植生体には、コ
スモス、ヒナゲシ、その他の一年草や、キキョウ、セキ
チク、フランスギク、その他の宿根草といった草花の種
子を一部に配合することが行われている。[0003] As seeds used for vegetation, seeds mainly composed of grasses of the grass family have been used in order to promote plant growth at an early stage and to stabilize the soil. However, in recent years, in order to promote harmony with the surrounding environment, vegetation in which native grasses such as mugworts and pampas grasses, and woody seeds such as yamahagi, weaselfish, and coconut fir are partially incorporated have been proposed. I have. In addition, vegetation used near residential areas is partially mixed with cosmos, corn poppy, other annual plants, and seeds of flowering plants such as kikyo, sekichiku, french ginkgo, and other root plants. I have.
【０００４】一方、植生体が敷設される法面は、一般に
切土面又は盛土面である。切土面は心土剥き出しの土壌
であり、盛土面は自然の土壌層を一度壊し再度積み上げ
た土壌である。法面土壌には植物が成長するために必要
な栄養分がほとんどないのが通例である。On the other hand, the slope on which the vegetation is laid is generally a cut face or an embankment face. The cut surface is the bare subsoil soil, and the embankment surface is the soil that has broken the natural soil layer once and piled up again. Slope soils typically have little nutrients needed for plants to grow.
【０００５】以上のことから、法面土壌に肥料等を施し
て植物の成長に必要な栄養源を供給する必要があるが、
法面緑化の場合には平坦な畑地に作物を栽培するのと違
って多種類の種子を用いているので、植生体の種子配合
に応じて必要な養分が異なるし、植生体に配合する肥料
の組み合わせについても十分な配慮が必要である。[0005] From the above, it is necessary to apply nutrients and the like to the slope soil to supply nutrients necessary for plant growth.
Unlike cultivating crops on flat fields in the case of slope revegetation, many types of seeds are used. Consideration must be given to the combination of
【０００６】ところで、従来の植生体では、三大栄養素
といわれる窒素（Ｎ）、リン（Ｐ）、カリウム（Ｋ）を
主成分とする化成肥料又は高度化成肥料の中で速効性を
有する肥料、緩効性肥料、及び遅効性肥料を混合配合し
た肥料が含まれている。また、我が国は酸性土壌の分布
が広く降雨の多いことにより不足しがちなマグネシウム
分を植物に補給するために、一部の植生体には苦土と称
される酸化マグネシウム（ＭｇＯ）が含まれている。[0006] By the way, in the conventional vegetation, a fertilizer having a rapid effect among chemical fertilizers or advanced chemical fertilizers mainly containing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), which are called three major nutrients, Fertilizers containing a mixture of a slow-acting fertilizer and a slow-acting fertilizer are included. Also, in Japan, some vegetation contains magnesium oxide (MgO), which is called forged, in order to replenish plants with magnesium which tends to be insufficient due to the wide distribution of acidic soil and heavy rainfall. ing.
【０００７】上記三大栄養素の外にも、植物の成長に必
要な栄養素として、カルシウム（Ｃａ）、イオウ
（Ｓ）、鉄（Ｆｅ）、ホウ素（Ｂ）、塩素（Ｃｌ）、銅
（Ｃｕ）、マンガン（Ｍｎ）、モリブデン（Ｍｏ）、亜
鉛（Ｚｎ）等の微量要素が、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）と共
に必要とされている。しかし、これらの微量要素は、三
大栄養素に比べると必要量は僅かで、過剰に施すと種々
の障害が発生する恐れがある。また、微量要素の中に
は、降雨、土壌成分の分解によって得られるものもあ
り、必ずしも上述した微量要素全部を植生土壌に施す必
要はない。[0007] In addition to the three major nutrients, calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), iron (Fe), boron (B), chlorine (Cl), and copper (Cu) are necessary for plant growth. , Manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn) and the like are required together with magnesium (Mg). However, these trace elements are required in a smaller amount than the three major nutrients, and when applied in excess, various obstacles may occur. Some of the trace elements are obtained by rainfall and decomposition of soil components, and it is not always necessary to apply all the trace elements to the vegetated soil.
【０００８】上記微量要素について個々に検討する。ま
ず、カルシウム（Ｃａ）であるが、カルシウムが欠乏す
ると根や新芽の生長点が破壊されて、植物が褐変壊死す
る。また、カルシウムは根瘤菌の窒素固定に作用すると
考えられており、マメ科の植物では土壌中のカルシウム
不足が植物の窒素欠乏症となって現れる。しかし、イネ
科の植生用植物ではその要求量は小さく窒素欠乏症は殆
ど見られない。また、カルシウムは肥料としてより土壌
改良材のうちｐＨ調整のために石灰として施される場合
が多く、他に石灰チッソ、過燐酸石灰、熔成リン肥、苦
土石灰等肥料の副成分として供給されており、特別に肥
料として施す必要は非常に少ない。The above-mentioned trace elements will be individually examined. First, calcium (Ca) is deficient. If calcium is deficient, the growth points of roots and shoots are destroyed, and the plant browns and necroses. Calcium is considered to act on nitrogen fixation of Rhizobium, and in leguminous plants, deficiency of calcium in soil appears as nitrogen deficiency in plants. However, the required amount of grass vegetation is small, and nitrogen deficiency is hardly observed. In addition, calcium is often applied as a fertilizer as lime in soil improvement materials to adjust pH, and is also supplied as a secondary component of fertilizers such as lime nitrogen, lime superphosphate, molten phosphorus fertilizer, and masonry lime. The need for special fertilizer application is very low.
【０００９】イオウは、植物体中の酸化還元、生長の調
整という重要な生理作用に関与しており、土壌や降雨か
ら供給されたり、肥料の副成分として供給される。ま
た、法面の植生植物の場合、畑地等の作物と違って収奪
されることがないので、降雨によってイオウの供給は十
分賄われる。[0009] Sulfur is involved in important physiological actions such as redox and growth control in plants, and is supplied from soil or rainfall, or is supplied as a subcomponent of fertilizer. Also, in the case of vegetation on a slope, unlike a crop in a field or the like, the vegetation is not deprived, and the supply of sulfur is sufficiently covered by rainfall.
【００１０】鉄は植物体内で酵素の構成成分として存在
し、葉緑素の生成に触媒的に働いている。また、土壌中
には鉄を含む鉱物が多数存在し、これが風化分解して遊
離の鉄となる。特に酸性土壌の多い日本では、鉄欠乏は
ほとんどないと考えられるので、一般には供給する必要
はない。[0010] Iron is present as a component of the enzyme in the plant and acts catalytically to produce chlorophyll. In addition, a large number of iron-containing minerals are present in soil, which are weathered and decomposed into free iron. Especially in Japan, which has many acidic soils, iron deficiency is considered to be almost non-existent, so there is generally no need to supply iron.
【００１１】ホウ素は根の維管束を発達させるために必
要欠くべからざるもので、ホウ素の欠乏は炭水化物の移
行を妨げ、マメ科植物では根瘤の形成が充分に出来な
い。しかし適量の限界が狭く、その限界を越えると悪い
症状、特に生育障害が出易い。一般に、十字科植物、マ
メ科植物は他の植物にくらべ比較的多量のホウ素を必要
とするとされている。一方、多くの岩石や土壌にはホウ
素を含むケイ酸鉱物が含まれているが、これは風化分解
が困難である。また、有効態のホウ素は有機物の多い上
層に多いが、切土面、盛土面では有機物は皆無といって
よい状態であることから、マメ科植物、草花の肥料を配
合する場合には適量のホウ素を添加するのが好ましい。
具体的に、ホウ素の供給量は、１０アール当たり１ｋｇ
以下のホウ砂を土壌に供給することで、充分とされてい
る。[0011] Boron is indispensable for developing root vascular bundles. Boron deficiency hinders the transfer of carbohydrates, and legumes cannot sufficiently form root nodules. However, the limit of the appropriate amount is narrow, and if the limit is exceeded, bad symptoms, especially growth disorders, are likely to occur. In general, it is said that cross plants and legumes require a relatively large amount of boron compared to other plants. On the other hand, many rocks and soils contain silicate minerals containing boron, which are difficult to weather-decompose. In addition, boron in the effective state is high in the upper layer with a lot of organic matter, but there is no organic matter on the cut and embankment surfaces.Therefore, when mixing legumes and flower fertilizers, an appropriate amount of boron is used. Preferably, boron is added.
Specifically, the supply amount of boron is 1 kg per 10 ares
It is sufficient to supply the following borax to the soil.
【００１２】塩素は植物体内で数種の酵素の活性を高め
る作用があることは分かっているが、その生理作用は不
明である。しかし、自然界では降雨によって塩素が土壌
に供給されるので、塩素の欠乏はほとんど考える必要が
ない。It is known that chlorine has an activity of increasing the activity of several enzymes in plants, but its physiological action is unknown. However, in the natural world, chlorine is supplied to soil by rainfall, so chlorine deficiencies need not be considered at all.
【００１３】銅は植物の酸化還元に関係する酵素に含ま
れ、有機物の多い土壌で欠乏する。日本では欠乏症より
過剰害の方が問題である。[0013] Copper is contained in enzymes involved in redox of plants and is deficient in soils rich in organic matter. In Japan, excess harm is more of a problem than deficiency.
【００１４】マンガンはこれが欠乏すると葉緑体の生
成、発育が不完全となる。また、マンガンは、光合成に
も関与しているとされている。マンガンは土壌中に岩石
鉱物として存在し、概ね鉄と似た行動を示す。土壌中の
含量は鉄の１／１０〜１／５０であるが、植物の要求量
は鉄よりも少ないので、植物が成長するうえで不足する
ことはないといわれる。When manganese is deficient, chloroplast production and development become incomplete. Manganese is also considered to be involved in photosynthesis. Manganese is present as a rock mineral in soil and behaves much like iron. Although the content in the soil is 1/10 to 1/50 of iron, the required amount of the plant is smaller than that of iron, so it is said that there is no shortage in growing the plant.
【００１５】モリブデンは、植物が根から吸収した硝酸
をアンモニアに還元する酵素の一成分となっており、又
マメ科植物の根瘤菌の窒素固定作用にも関係するとされ
ている。但し、植物の要求量は微量で、例えばモリブデ
ン酸塩は１０アール当たり３０ｇ以下で充分である。モ
リブデンは天然の土壌中には鉱石として存在するが、大
部分は結晶状であって植物には利用されない形態であ
る。また、モリブデンを多量に施した牧草は家畜に障害
を与えるが、植生体の場合は家畜に害を与えることはな
いし、植物に被害を与える程度も低い。Molybdenum is one component of an enzyme that reduces nitric acid absorbed from the roots of plants to ammonia, and is also implicated in the nitrogen fixation of Rhizobium of leguminous plants. However, the required amount of plants is very small, for example, 30 g or less of molybdate per 10 ares is sufficient. Molybdenum exists as an ore in natural soil, but is mostly crystalline and not available to plants. In addition, grasses treated with a large amount of molybdenum damage livestock, but in the case of vegetation, they do not harm livestock and the degree of damage to plants is low.
【００１６】亜鉛は植物の生理作用の調整、特に酸化還
元反応に重要な役割を果しているものと考えられている
が、その必要量は極めて少量で、含量が増すと毒性を呈
する。日本では腐植質火山灰土壌に一部欠乏が見られる
が、それ以外の土壌では亜鉛の供給は必要でない。[0016] Zinc is thought to play an important role in regulating the physiological actions of plants, particularly in the redox reaction, but the required amount is extremely small, and when its content increases, it exhibits toxicity. In Japan, humic volcanic ash soils are partially deficient, but other soils do not require zinc supply.
【００１７】以上の考察から明らかなように、土壌中に
必要な養分が殆ど無いとされる法面を植生体を用いて植
生する場合に、三大栄養素とマグネシウムの外には、ホ
ウ素及び／又はモリブデンを土壌に供給する必要があ
る。As is apparent from the above considerations, when vegetation is used to vegetate a slope having almost no nutrients required in the soil, boron and / or magnesium are present in addition to the three major nutrients and magnesium. Or it is necessary to supply molybdenum to the soil.
【００１８】一方、従来の植生体では、前述した肥料以
外に、ピートモス、バーク等の有機土壌改良材、又はゼ
オライト、バーミキュライト等の鉱物質土壌改良材を保
持せしめている。しかし、前者の有機土壌改良材は微生
物で分解されて不足養分を供給する効果が出るまでに時
間を要する。他方、後者の鉱物質土壌改良材は、通気
性、保水性等の物理的性質を改善するものである。カル
シウムは、石灰の形でｐＨ調整或いは盛土を固める目的
で使用される場合は、肥料ではなく土壌改良材として使
用されている。On the other hand, in the conventional vegetation, organic soil improving materials such as peat moss and bark or mineral soil improving materials such as zeolite and vermiculite are held in addition to the above-mentioned fertilizers. However, it takes time for the former organic soil conditioner to be decomposed by microorganisms and provide the effect of supplying insufficient nutrients. On the other hand, the latter mineral-improving material improves physical properties such as air permeability and water retention. Calcium is used not as a fertilizer but as a soil conditioner when it is used in the form of lime to adjust pH or solidify an embankment.
【００１９】ホウ素、モリブデンはこれらが欠乏した場
合、畑作等の単一作物の場合、葉面散布等で容易に供給
可能であるが、法面緑化用植生体のように数種類の種子
を含む場合、各植物によって要求量が異なり過剰障害が
出る場合があるために発芽後にこれらを施すことは不可
能といえる。また、単に植生体内に保持させても効果の
生じないケースがある。例えばホウ素とカルシウムが同
時に施された場合、拮抗性を示すためにホウ素の吸収は
悪化し、必要以上に供給しないと効果が生じない。同様
のことは、アンモニウム又は硫酸とモリブデンの間にも
生ずる。逆に、カリウムとホウ素を同時に施した場合、
相助現象により吸収され易くなる。これはリンとモリブ
デンの場合にも生じる。他に、カリウムと鉄、窒素とマ
グネシウム、マグネシウムとリン、カルシウムとカリウ
ム、リンとマンガン、銅と窒素、リン、カリウム等の間
にも相助現象が見られる。従って、植生体に含ませる種
子や肥料の種類に拘わらず、一率に上記栄養素を植生体
に添加することはある植物にとっては成長促進効果があ
っても、他の植物には逆に成長障害が出る場合がある。Boron and molybdenum can be easily supplied by deficiency, single crop such as upland cultivation, or by foliar spraying. However, when boron and molybdenum contain several kinds of seeds such as vegetation for slope revegetation. It can be said that it is impossible to apply these after germination because the required amount differs depending on each plant and excessive damage may occur. Further, there are cases in which the effect is not produced simply by holding in the living body. For example, when boron and calcium are applied at the same time, the absorption of boron deteriorates to show antagonism, and the effect does not occur unless supplied more than necessary. The same happens between ammonium or sulfuric acid and molybdenum. Conversely, when potassium and boron are applied simultaneously,
It becomes easy to be absorbed by the synergistic phenomenon. This also occurs with phosphorus and molybdenum. In addition, synergistic phenomena are observed between potassium and iron, nitrogen and magnesium, magnesium and phosphorus, calcium and potassium, phosphorus and manganese, copper and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, irrespective of the kind of seeds and fertilizers contained in the vegetation, the above-mentioned nutrients can be added to the vegetation at a rate, although the growth promotion effect may be obtained for some plants, but may be adversely affected for other plants. May appear.
【００２０】[0020]
【課題を解決するための手段】以上のことから、本発明
は、少なくとも種子、肥料、土壌改良材をシート状基材
に保持させてなる植生体において、チッソ、リン、カリ
ウムの少なくとも一つを含む肥料又はカルシウムを含む
土壌改良材から選定された一つ又は複数の特定物質の表
面に、植物の成長に必要な微量要素の少なくとも一つを
コーティングしたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION From the above, the present invention provides at least one of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a vegetation having at least seed, fertilizer, and soil improving material held on a sheet-like substrate. The surface of one or a plurality of specific substances selected from fertilizers containing soil or soil improvement materials containing calcium is coated with at least one of trace elements required for plant growth.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の植生体の実施の形
態について説明する。具体的に、本発明の植生体は、図
１に示す従来の植生体と同様の外観を呈し、不織布、
紙、又は薄綿等の２枚のシート状基材１０で、種子１
２、肥料１４、また必要に応じて土壌改良材を挟着、接
着等の方法により保持し、上層のシート状基材１０の上
面を網状体、ワラコモ等の被覆材１６で覆っている。こ
のように本発明の植生体は従来の植生体と同一の基本構
成を有するが、本発明は植生体に含ませる肥料等におい
て特徴を有し、この点を詳細に説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a plant living body according to the present invention will be described below. Specifically, the vegetation of the present invention has the same appearance as the conventional vegetation shown in FIG.
Two sheets of paper-like substrate 10 such as paper or thin cotton, and seed 1
2. The fertilizer 14 and, if necessary, a soil improving material are held by a method such as pinching and bonding, and the upper surface of the upper sheet-like base material 10 is covered with a covering material 16 such as a net-like material or a wall como. As described above, the vegetation of the present invention has the same basic configuration as that of the conventional vegetation, but the present invention has features in fertilizers and the like contained in the vegetation, and this point will be described in detail.
【００２２】具体的に、肥料の表面には植物の成長に必
要な微量要素がコーティングされている。例えば、肥料
のうちカリウムにはホウ素を、リン肥料にはモリブデン
を微量要素としてコーティングするのが好ましい。Specifically, the surface of the fertilizer is coated with trace elements required for plant growth. For example, among the fertilizers, it is preferable to coat boron as a trace element for potassium and phosphorus as a trace element for molybdenum.
【００２３】ところで、日本では一般に酸性土壌地帯が
広く分布している。このような土壌は石灰分が不足して
いることを示しており、同時にリン酸（Ｐ2Ｏ5）、苦土
（ＭｇＯ）、酸化カリウム（Ｋ2Ｏ）、モリブデン（Ｍ
ｏ）、ホウ素（Ｂ）も欠乏しており、逆に植物に有害と
される遊離のアルミニウム（Ａｌ）も多分に存在する。
一般に、草花等の種子を植生体に配合する場合、草花は
イネ科の牧草よりもホウ素の要求量が高いので、化成肥
料あるいは高度化成肥料にホウ素をコーティングしたカ
リウム肥料を添加するのが好ましい。なお、同様に、化
成肥料あるいは高度化成肥料の一部にホウ素をコーティ
ングしても良い。特に、塩化カリウムのような吸湿性肥
料に熔成ホウ素肥料のようなく溶性肥料と適宜の増量材
例えばベントナイトを加えることで肥料の吸湿性を改善
することもできる。In Japan, acid soil areas are generally widely distributed in Japan. Such soils indicate a lack of lime, while at the same time phosphoric acid (P 2 O 5 ), magnesia (MgO), potassium oxide (K 2 O), molybdenum (M
o), boron (B) is also deficient, and conversely, free aluminum (Al), which is harmful to plants, is probably present.
In general, when a seed such as a flower is mixed with a plant body, the flower requires a higher amount of boron than grasses of the grass family. Therefore, it is preferable to add a potassium fertilizer coated with boron to a chemical fertilizer or an advanced chemical fertilizer. Similarly, a part of the chemical fertilizer or the advanced chemical fertilizer may be coated with boron. In particular, it is also possible to improve the hygroscopicity of the fertilizer by adding a soluble fertilizer and an appropriate extender, such as bentonite, to a hygroscopic fertilizer such as potassium chloride instead of the molten boron fertilizer.
【００２４】なお、ホウ素の場合添加量の許容範囲が狭
いので、カリウム肥料全部に添加することはコストアッ
プと生産に多大の時間を要する。そこで、カリウム肥料
の一部にホウ素をコーティングし、これを全体の肥料と
均一に混合したうえで植生体に適量配合すれば、処理作
業を大幅に簡略化できる。[0024] In the case of boron, the allowable range of the addition amount is narrow. Therefore, adding boron to all the potassium fertilizers increases the cost and requires a lot of time for production. Therefore, if a part of the potassium fertilizer is coated with boron, and the boron is uniformly mixed with the whole fertilizer and then mixed with an appropriate amount of the vegetation, the processing operation can be greatly simplified.
【００２５】同様のことはモリブデンの場合にも該当す
る。すなわち、モリブデンの施肥量はホウ素に比べては
るかに小さく数分の一ないしは数十分の一である。一
方、従来より木本類、特にマメ科植物はリンが欠乏する
と根瘤の発達が害されチッ素欠乏を生ずるためにリン肥
料を余分に配合している。ところが、モリブデンの施肥
量は少ないので、リン肥料全体をモリブデン処理するの
は、コストアップを招来すると共に作業量が増大して好
ましくない。そこで、ホウ素と同様に、肥料の一部にコ
ーティング処理をしてこれを全体の肥料と混合する場合
でも、モリブデンの施肥量が少ないのでモリブデンと悪
い反応をおこさない石灰等で増量して処理するのが好ま
しい。この場合、比較的長期の肥効を要求するのでリン
肥としては熔リン、熔過リンを用い、モリブデン酸ソー
ダ、三酸化モリブデン等で処理するのが良い。また、ホ
ウ素と同様に化成肥料、高度化成肥料に適用可能であ
り、かつ二成分系、三成分系であってもよい。The same applies to the case of molybdenum. That is, the amount of fertilizer applied with molybdenum is much smaller than that of boron, and is one-tenth to one-tenth. On the other hand, conventionally, woody plants, particularly legumes, contain an excess of phosphorus fertilizer because phosphorus deficiency impairs the development of root nodules and causes nitrogen deficiency. However, since the fertilization amount of molybdenum is small, it is not preferable to treat the entire phosphorus fertilizer with molybdenum because it increases the cost and increases the amount of work. Therefore, as in the case of boron, even when a part of the fertilizer is coated and mixed with the whole fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer applied with molybdenum is small, so the amount is increased with lime or the like which does not cause a bad reaction with molybdenum. Is preferred. In this case, since a relatively long-term fertilizer effect is required, it is preferable to use molten phosphorus or molten phosphorus as the phosphorus fertilizer, and to treat it with sodium molybdate, molybdenum trioxide, or the like. In addition, it is applicable to chemical fertilizers and advanced chemical fertilizers like boron, and may be a two-component or three-component fertilizer.
【００２６】リン肥料にモリブデンをコーティングする
ことにより、マメ科植物を導入する植生体に有効に作用
する。特に、緑化業界においてはマメ科植物は空中窒素
を根瘤菌の作用によって固定して他の植物に供給するた
めに、植生植物の長期の安定化の目的からリン肥料は重
要なものであり、マメ科植物はリンが欠乏すると窒素欠
乏症を起こす。これは根瘤の発達が害されるために充分
な窒素が供給されないことによるが、根瘤の発育にはリ
ン以外にもモリブデンが必要とされ、リン肥料と同時に
モリブデンが植生植物に供給されることにより根瘤菌の
発育が良好になることが期待される。具体的に、クロー
バの場合、リンが充分に供給されてもモリブデンが不足
すると白味あるいは緑色味のかかった根瘤にしかならな
いが、モリブデンを供給するとピンク色の大形のものが
増加し窒素固定を活発にすることが見られる。Coating the phosphorus fertilizer with molybdenum effectively acts on the vegetation into which the legumes are introduced. Particularly in the revegetation industry, legumes fix air nitrogen by the action of rhizobia and supply them to other plants, so phosphorus fertilizers are important for the purpose of long-term stabilization of vegetation, and legumes are important. Family of plants causes nitrogen deficiency when phosphorus is deficient. This is due to the fact that sufficient nitrogen is not supplied because the development of root nodules is hindered.However, molybdenum is required in addition to phosphorus for the growth of root nodules, and molybdenum is supplied to vegetation plants simultaneously with phosphorus fertilizer. It is expected that the growth of the bacteria will be good. Specifically, in the case of clover, even if phosphorus is sufficiently supplied, if molybdenum is insufficient, the root nodules will be white or greenish, but if molybdenum is supplied, large pink ones will increase and nitrogen fixation will occur. Can be seen to be active.
【００２７】なお、モリブデンはマメ科以外の植物にも
必要なものであるが、植生植物は収奪されることがない
と考えて良く、植物に必要な栄養素で継続的に供給する
必要のあるのは窒素のみと見て差し支えない。このよう
に植生の長期安定を図るためには、マメ科植物に対して
リン肥料とモリブデンの導入は重要視される。Although molybdenum is necessary for plants other than leguminous plants, it is considered that vegetation will not be deprived, and it is necessary to continuously supply nutrients necessary for plants. Can be regarded as nitrogen only. Thus, introduction of phosphorus fertilizer and molybdenum into legumes is important for long-term stability of vegetation.
【００２８】これらは肥料に適用したものであるが石灰
を含めた土壌改良材に適用してもよい。例えば、日本で
はかつて銅鉱山が各地に分布し過去に銅鉱毒問題が生じ
た場所がある。このような銅の多い土壌に対しては炭カ
ル等の粒状石灰に鉄をコーティングしたものを施すこと
で銅の過剰害を防止できる。このように特定の土壌に対
して効果のある微量要素を適用することが出来るもので
ある。Although these are applied to fertilizers, they may be applied to soil improvement materials including lime. For example, in Japan, copper mines were once distributed in various places, and there were places where copper mining poisoning problems occurred in the past. For such a copper-rich soil, excessive harm of copper can be prevented by applying iron-coated granular lime such as charcoal. Thus, a trace element effective for a specific soil can be applied.
【００２９】微量要素と共に着色剤をコーティングする
ことが好ましい。これにより、コーティング未処理のも
のと処理済みのものとの区別が容易に判別でき、混同の
防止、過剰施肥の防止が出来ると共に、混合が均一か否
か目視で容易にできる。さらに市販の肥料にコーティン
グを施すことで大規模な設備が不要であり、かつコーテ
ィング量の調整も簡単に出来る利点がある。It is preferred to coat the colorant with the trace elements. This makes it possible to easily discriminate between the untreated and the treated ones, to prevent confusion and prevent excessive fertilization, and to visually check whether the mixing is uniform or not. Further, by applying a coating to a commercially available fertilizer, there is an advantage that a large-scale facility is not required and the amount of coating can be easily adjusted.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
は、少なくとも種子、肥料、土壌改良材をシート状基材
に保持させてなる植生体において、この中の特定物質表
面に植物にとって必要な１〜２の微量要素をコーティン
グするもので、カリウムを含む肥料の表面にホウ素をコ
ーティングすることにより、草花のように従来緑化業界
で用いられていたイネ科の牧草等の単子葉植物よりもホ
ウ素の要素量が５〜１０倍高い草花、マメ科植物が多く
含まれる双子葉植物を植生体に導入出来る。これら草花
のうち特に一年草のものは植生体に導入しても一度開花
すると次世代を継続しないことが多いが、これはホウ素
の欠乏による花芽の分化、花粉の生成、受粉作用の障害
による稔実も不良の一因であると考えられるが、ホウ素
の適量の添加により継続的に切土面、盛土面に草花を育
成出来ることが期待できる。As apparent from the above description, the present invention relates to a vegetation comprising at least seeds, fertilizers, and soil amendments held on a sheet-like substrate. By coating the surface of a potassium-containing fertilizer with boron, it is possible to coat the surface of a fertilizer containing potassium with a smaller amount than monocotyledonous plants such as grasses and grasses conventionally used in the greening industry. Plants and dicotyledons containing a lot of legumes can be introduced into the vegetation with an elemental amount of boron 5 to 10 times higher. Of these plants, especially annual plants, once introduced into the vegetation, often do not continue the next generation once they have opened, but this is due to flower deficiency, pollen generation, and impaired pollination due to boron deficiency. Mineral seeds are also considered to be one of the causes of the failure, but it can be expected that flowers can be continuously grown on cut and embankment surfaces by adding an appropriate amount of boron.
【００３１】また、肥料や土壌改良材などの特定物質の
表面、又は種子の表面に、この種子の成長に必要な適量
の微量要素を、簡単かつ容易に付与することができる。
特に、ホウ素やモリブデンなどの微量要素は施肥が困難
であるが、本発明により肥料等の一部にコーティングす
ることで、配合種子の割合に応じて、これらの微量要素
を植生体に適量配合することができる。In addition, an appropriate amount of a trace element required for the growth of the seed can be easily and easily applied to the surface of a specific substance such as a fertilizer or a soil conditioner, or the surface of the seed.
In particular, trace elements such as boron and molybdenum are difficult to fertilize, but by coating a part of fertilizers and the like according to the present invention, depending on the ratio of the blended seed, these trace elements are blended in an appropriate amount in a plant organism. be able to.
【００３２】さらに、特定物質のカリウムと微量要素の
ホウ素、また特定物質のリンと微量要素のモリブデンと
を組み合わせたものでは、互いに組み合わされたものの
相助現象により吸収が促進され、植物の早期成長が達成
できる。特に、リンとモリブデンの協働により、マメ科
植物の成長に有効な根瘤菌の発達が促進される。Furthermore, in the case of combining the specific substance potassium and the trace element boron, or the specific substance phosphorus and the trace element molybdenum, absorption is promoted by the synergistic phenomenon of the combined substances, and the early growth of the plant is accelerated. Can be achieved. In particular, the cooperation of phosphorus and molybdenum promotes the development of rhizobia, which is effective for the growth of legumes.
【００３３】そして、微量要素を着色剤と共にコーティ
ングすることで、未処理のものと処理済みのものとを明
確に区別でき、混合の防止、過剰施肥の防止が可能にな
る。さらに、コーティングされた材料が均一に混合され
ているか否かを目視で容易に確認できる。By coating the trace elements together with the coloring agent, untreated and treated ones can be clearly distinguished, and mixing can be prevented and excessive fertilization can be prevented. Furthermore, it can be easily confirmed visually whether or not the coated materials are uniformly mixed.
【図１】 植生体の斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plant.
１０…シート状基材、１２…種子、１４…肥料。 10: sheet-like base material, 12: seed, 14: fertilizer.
Claims (5)
ート状基材に保持させてなる植生体において、チッソ、
リン、カリウムの少なくとも一つを含む肥料又はカルシ
ウムを含む土壌改良材から選定された一つ又は複数の特
定物質の表面に、植物の成長に必要な微量要素の少なく
とも一つをコーティングしたことを特徴とする植生体。1. A vegetation comprising at least a seed, a fertilizer, and a soil amendment held on a sheet-like substrate, comprising:
The surface of one or more specific substances selected from a fertilizer containing at least one of phosphorus and potassium or a soil conditioner containing calcium is coated with at least one of trace elements necessary for plant growth. And vegetation.
肥料であり、微量要素がホウ素であることを特徴とする
請求項１の植生体。2. The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the specific substance is a fertilizer containing potassium as a main component, and the trace element is boron.
であり、微量要素がモリブデンであることを特徴とする
請求項１の植生体。3. The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the specific substance is a fertilizer containing phosphorus as a main component, and the trace element is molybdenum.
り、微量要素がホウ素又はモリブデンの両方又は一方で
あることを特徴とする請求項１の植生体。4. The vegetation according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of specific substances are composed of chemical fertilizers, and the trace element is one or both of boron and molybdenum.
面にコーティングしたことを特徴とする請求項１から４
のいずれかの植生体。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said trace element is coated on the surface of a specific substance together with a coloring agent.
Any of the vegetation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32511896A JP3311615B2 (en) | 1996-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | Vegetation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32511896A JP3311615B2 (en) | 1996-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | Vegetation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10164976A true JPH10164976A (en) | 1998-06-23 |
| JP3311615B2 JP3311615B2 (en) | 2002-08-05 |
Family
ID=18173300
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32511896A Expired - Fee Related JP3311615B2 (en) | 1996-12-05 | 1996-12-05 | Vegetation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3311615B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013000058A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-01-07 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Coated seed and production method thereof |
| US9487698B2 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2016-11-08 | Ethox Chemicals, Llc | Method for improving the water transport characteristics of hydrophobic surfaces |
-
1996
- 1996-12-05 JP JP32511896A patent/JP3311615B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9487698B2 (en) | 2007-01-24 | 2016-11-08 | Ethox Chemicals, Llc | Method for improving the water transport characteristics of hydrophobic surfaces |
| JP2013000058A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2013-01-07 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Coated seed and production method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3311615B2 (en) | 2002-08-05 |
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