JPH10163070A - Electrochemical device, electrode and manufacture of electrochemical device - Google Patents
Electrochemical device, electrode and manufacture of electrochemical deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10163070A JPH10163070A JP8324260A JP32426096A JPH10163070A JP H10163070 A JPH10163070 A JP H10163070A JP 8324260 A JP8324260 A JP 8324260A JP 32426096 A JP32426096 A JP 32426096A JP H10163070 A JPH10163070 A JP H10163070A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical device
- synthetic resin
- layer
- electrodes
- resin layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、コンデンサと電池
との中間的な装置であって、イオンの吸蔵によって電荷
を保持する電気化学装置，及び該電気化学装置に用いる
電極、並びに前述した装置，コンデンサ及び電池等の電
気化学装置を製造する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an intermediate device between a capacitor and a battery, and more particularly to an electrochemical device which retains electric charge by absorbing ions, an electrode used for the electrochemical device, and the above-described device. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrochemical device such as a capacitor and a battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図４は、微弱電流を長時間放出する（又
は、所定の電圧を長時間印加する）コンデンサとそれよ
り大きい電流をそれより短い時間放出する電池との中間
的な装置である従来の電気化学装置の要部構成を示す模
式図であり、厚さ方向を拡大してある。電極52，53は、
厚さが略２０μｍのアルミニウム箔又は銅箔のグリッド
61，71を備えている。両グリッド61，71は対向するよう
に配してあり、グリッド61，71にはリード55，56がそれ
ぞれ接続してある。両グリッド61，71の両面には、カー
ボン及びバインダであるポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶｄ
Ｆ）の混合物を３０〜２００μｍの厚さに塗布してな
り、イオンを吸蔵・放出するイオン吸放層63，63，73，
73が形成してある。また、両電極52，53の一方（図４で
は電極53）の両面には、２５〜５０μｍの厚さであり紙
又は不織布等，電気絶縁性のセパレータ54，54が配して
ある。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows an intermediate device between a capacitor which emits a weak current for a long time (or a predetermined voltage is applied for a long time) and a battery which emits a larger current for a shorter time. It is a schematic diagram which shows the principal part structure of the conventional electrochemical device, and has expanded the thickness direction. The electrodes 52 and 53 are
Grid of aluminum or copper foil with a thickness of about 20μm
61 and 71 are provided. The grids 61 and 71 are arranged so as to face each other, and leads 55 and 56 are connected to the grids 61 and 71, respectively. On both surfaces of both grids 61 and 71, carbon and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVd) as a binder are provided.
The mixture of F) is applied to a thickness of 30 to 200 μm, and the ion absorbing / releasing layers 63, 63, 73,
73 are formed. Further, on both surfaces of one of the electrodes 52 and 53 (the electrode 53 in FIG. 4), electrically insulating separators 54 and 54 having a thickness of 25 to 50 μm, such as paper or nonwoven fabric, are arranged.
【０００３】電機化学装置は、このような構成の電極5
2，53及びセパレータ54，54を、例えば直方体殻状のケ
ース内に次のように封入してある。前述した如く配置し
た帯状の電極52，53及びセパレータ54，54をケースの口
径寸法に応じて長円渦巻き状に捲回し、それをケースに
収納し、該ケース内に、例えばトリメチルアルキルアン
モニウム四フッ化ホウ素，プロピレンカーボネート（Ｐ
Ｃ）又はエチレンカーボネート（ＥＣ）等の電解液を注
入して電解液をセパレータ54，54に含浸させ、ケースを
蓋で封止する。[0003] The electro-chemical apparatus has an electrode 5 having such a configuration.
2 and 53 and the separators 54 and 54 are enclosed in a rectangular parallelepiped case, for example, as follows. The strip-shaped electrodes 52 and 53 and the separators 54 and 54 arranged as described above are wound in an elliptical spiral shape according to the diameter of the case, and are stored in the case. Boron chloride, propylene carbonate (P
C) or an electrolyte such as ethylene carbonate (EC) is injected to impregnate the electrolyte into the separators 54, 54, and the case is sealed with a lid.
【０００４】このような電気化学装置にあっては、リー
ド55，56から電極52，53に適宜の電圧を印加した場合、
電極52，53の間に生じた電場に従ってセパレータ54，54
に含浸させた電解質中のアニオン及びカチオンが対応す
る電極52，53へ移動し、電極52，53のイオン吸放層63，
63，73，73に吸蔵される。これによって、電気化学装置
に電荷が蓄積されると共に、両電極52，53間に電位差が
形成される。そして、電気化学装置は、イオン吸放層6
3，63，73，73に吸蔵したアニオン及びカチオンを放出
することによって、蓄積した電荷をグリッド61，71を介
してリード55，56から外部へ放出する。In such an electrochemical device, when an appropriate voltage is applied to the electrodes 52 and 53 from the leads 55 and 56,
According to the electric field generated between the electrodes 52, 53, the separators 54, 54
The anions and cations in the electrolyte impregnated into the electrodes move to the corresponding electrodes 52, 53, and the ion absorbing / releasing layers 63,
Occluded at 63, 73, 73. As a result, electric charges are accumulated in the electrochemical device, and a potential difference is formed between the electrodes 52 and 53. Then, the electrochemical device has an ion absorbing / releasing layer 6
By releasing the anions and cations occluded in 3, 63, 73, 73, the accumulated charges are released from the leads 55, 56 to the outside via the grids 61, 71.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
電気化学装置にあっては、鉄製の釘を電気化学装置に貫
通させる釘さし試験を行った場合、グリッドが金属箔で
形成されているため、蓄積した電荷が零になるまで大電
流が流れ、電気化学装置の内部温度及び内部圧力が急激
に上昇して爆発する虞があった。また、外部圧力を加え
て電気化学装置を圧壊する圧壊試験を行った場合、爆発
的な音響を発生してグリッドが破断していた。一方、直
方体状のケースに収納すべく電極を長円形状に捲回する
場合、捲回に長時間を要していた。However, in a conventional electrochemical device, when a nailing test is performed in which an iron nail is penetrated into the electrochemical device, the grid is formed of metal foil. A large current may flow until the accumulated electric charge becomes zero, and the internal temperature and the internal pressure of the electrochemical device may rise sharply and cause an explosion. In addition, when a crush test was performed in which the electrochemical device was crushed by applying an external pressure, an explosive sound was generated and the grid was broken. On the other hand, when the electrode is wound into an elliptical shape so as to be housed in a rectangular parallelepiped case, it takes a long time to wind the electrode.
【０００６】本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもの
であって、その目的とするところはグリッドが合成樹脂
層と、該合成樹脂層とイオン吸放層との間に形成した電
子伝導層とを備える構成にすることによって、内部短絡
が生じた場合でも爆発する虞がなく、また圧壊しても爆
発音が発生せず、更に製造の際に短時間で捲回し得る電
気化学装置、及び該電気化学装置に使用する電極を提供
することにある。また、所要形状のものを短時間で製造
できる電気化学装置の製造方法を提供することにある。The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide a grid having a synthetic resin layer and an electron conductive layer formed between the synthetic resin layer and the ion-absorbing / releasing layer. With the configuration including the above, there is no danger of explosion even when an internal short circuit occurs, and no explosion sound is generated even when crushed, and further, an electrochemical device that can be wound in a short time at the time of manufacturing, and An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode used for an electrochemical device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an electrochemical device capable of manufacturing a desired shape in a short time.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】第１発明に係る電気化学
装置は、板状のグリッドの一面又は両面にイオンを吸蔵
・放出するイオン吸放層を設けてなる複数の電極を、イ
オン吸放層が対向するように配置し、各電極の間に電解
質を介在させ、電解質への電圧の印加によってイオンを
対応する電極のイオン吸放層に吸蔵させることによって
電荷を保持する電気化学装置において、前記グリッド
は、合成樹脂層と、該合成樹脂層と前記イオン吸放層と
の間に形成した電子伝導層とを備えることを特徴とす
る。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrochemical device comprising: a plurality of electrodes provided with an ion absorbing / releasing layer for absorbing / releasing ions on one or both sides of a plate-like grid; In an electrochemical device in which the layers are arranged so as to face each other, an electrolyte is interposed between the electrodes, and charges are retained by absorbing ions into the ion absorbing / releasing layer of the corresponding electrode by applying a voltage to the electrolyte, The grid includes a synthetic resin layer, and an electron conductive layer formed between the synthetic resin layer and the ion absorbing / releasing layer.
【０００８】第２発明に係る電気化学装置は、第１発明
において、前記合成樹脂層は、前記電解質の熱分解温度
より低い温度領域で熱可塑性を有する合成樹脂で形成し
てあることを特徴とする。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the electrochemical device according to the first aspect, the synthetic resin layer is formed of a synthetic resin having thermoplasticity in a temperature range lower than a thermal decomposition temperature of the electrolyte. I do.
【０００９】第３発明に係る電気化学装置は、第１又は
第２発明において、前記合成樹脂層は捲回可能になして
あることを特徴とする。[0009] An electrochemical device according to a third aspect of the present invention is the electrochemical device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the synthetic resin layer is capable of being wound.
【００１０】第４発明に係る電気化学装置は、第１，第
２又は第３発明において、前記電子伝導層は金属で形成
してあることを特徴とする。The electrochemical device according to a fourth invention is characterized in that, in the first, second or third invention, the electron conductive layer is formed of a metal.
【００１１】第５発明に係る電極は、第１乃至第４発明
の何れかに記載の電気化学装置に備えられることを特徴
とする。An electrode according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is provided in the electrochemical device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects.
【００１２】第６発明に係る電気化学装置の製造方法
は、板状のグリッドを備える電極を対向させてなる電気
化学装置を製造する方法において、合成樹脂層の表面に
電子伝導層を形成して前記グリッドを作成する工程と、
互いに対向させて配置した両電極を渦巻き状に捲回する
工程と、渦巻き状に捲回した両電極を所要の形状に成形
する工程とを含むことを特徴とする。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an electrochemical device in which electrodes having a plate-shaped grid are opposed to each other, wherein an electron conductive layer is formed on a surface of a synthetic resin layer. Creating the grid;
It is characterized by including a step of spirally winding both electrodes arranged to face each other, and a step of molding both spirally wound electrodes into a required shape.
【００１３】第１及び第５発明にあっては、電極のグリ
ッドを、合成樹脂層及びイオン吸放層との間に形成した
電子伝導層で構成しており、合成樹脂層によって例えば
カーボン及びバインダからなるイオン吸放層を支持し、
電子伝導層によってイオン吸放層と外部との間の電子の
授受を行う。このような電極を備える電気化学装置にあ
っては、対向する電極を介して、両電極間に介在させた
電解質に電圧を印加したときに、内部短絡が生じて温度
が上昇した場合、合成樹脂層が変形して電子伝導層が破
断するため短絡電流が遮断され、更なる温度上昇及び内
部圧力の上昇が防止され、安全性が高い。In the first and fifth aspects of the present invention, the grid of the electrodes is constituted by an electron conductive layer formed between the synthetic resin layer and the ion absorbing / releasing layer. Supporting the ion-absorbing layer consisting of
Electrons are exchanged between the ion absorbing / releasing layer and the outside by the electron conducting layer. In an electrochemical device having such an electrode, when a voltage is applied to the electrolyte interposed between the two electrodes via the opposing electrodes, an internal short circuit occurs and the temperature rises. Since the layer is deformed and the electron conductive layer is broken, the short-circuit current is interrupted, further increasing the temperature and the internal pressure are prevented, and the safety is high.
【００１４】第２及び第５発明にあっては、合成樹脂層
は電解質の熱分解温度より低い温度で熱可塑性を有する
合成樹脂で形成してあるため、電解質の熱分解が発生す
る前に合成樹脂層が変形又は溶融して電子伝導層が断線
し、安全性が更に向上する。In the second and fifth inventions, since the synthetic resin layer is formed of a synthetic resin having thermoplasticity at a temperature lower than the thermal decomposition temperature of the electrolyte, the synthetic resin layer is synthesized before the thermal decomposition of the electrolyte occurs. The resin layer is deformed or melted and the electron conductive layer is disconnected, so that safety is further improved.
【００１５】第３及び第５発明にあっては、常温で柔軟
な合成樹脂又は適宜の可塑剤を添加した合成樹脂を用い
て合成樹脂層を形成し、合成樹脂層を捲回可能にする。
このように合成樹脂層が柔軟であるため、電気化学装置
を製造する場合、渦巻状に捲回することによって高速に
捲回した後、所要の形状に成形することができる。一
方、合成樹脂層が柔軟であるため、圧壊試験を行った場
合、合成樹脂層が変形・延展した後に破断し、爆発的な
音響が生じない。In the third and fifth aspects, the synthetic resin layer is formed by using a synthetic resin which is flexible at room temperature or a synthetic resin to which an appropriate plasticizer is added, and the synthetic resin layer can be wound.
Since the synthetic resin layer is flexible as described above, when manufacturing an electrochemical device, it can be formed into a required shape after being wound at a high speed by being spirally wound. On the other hand, since the synthetic resin layer is flexible, when a crush test is performed, the synthetic resin layer is broken after being deformed or extended, and no explosive sound is generated.
【００１６】第４及び第５発明にあっては、蒸着法，メ
ッキ法，ラミネート法又はそれらを組み合わせた方法に
よって、導電性の金属を合成樹脂層上に固着して電子伝
導層を形成する。これによって、電子伝導層の厚さを薄
くして機械的強度を低下させ、合成樹脂層の変形又は溶
融によって電子伝導層を確実に破断する一方、所要の導
電量を確保する。In the fourth and fifth inventions, an electron conductive layer is formed by fixing a conductive metal on a synthetic resin layer by a vapor deposition method, a plating method, a laminating method or a combination thereof. As a result, the thickness of the electron conductive layer is reduced to decrease the mechanical strength, and the electron conductive layer is reliably broken by deformation or melting of the synthetic resin layer, while securing a required amount of conductivity.
【００１７】第６発明にあっては、合成樹脂層の表面に
電子伝導層を形成して電極を構成する板状のグリッドを
作成し、電解液を含浸させた紙又は不織布等のセパレー
タを介装させて、２つの電極を互いに対向させて配置
し、それらを渦巻き状に捲回する。このとき、張力を均
一に加えることができるため、長手方向への捲回時に張
力を加えることができない長円渦巻き状に捲回する場合
より、捲回速度が速い。そして、渦巻き状に捲回した両
グリッドを所要の形状に成形する。このとき、電極のグ
リッドが合成樹脂であるため、電極は破断することなく
所要の形状に容易に成形される。According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, an electron conductive layer is formed on the surface of the synthetic resin layer to form a plate-like grid constituting an electrode, and a separator such as paper or nonwoven fabric impregnated with an electrolyte is interposed therebetween. And two electrodes are placed facing each other and they are spirally wound. At this time, since the tension can be applied uniformly, the winding speed is higher than in the case of winding in an elliptical spiral shape in which the tension cannot be applied at the time of winding in the longitudinal direction. Then, both the spirally wound grids are formed into a required shape. At this time, since the grid of the electrodes is made of a synthetic resin, the electrodes are easily formed into a required shape without breaking.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて具体的に説明する。図１は本発明に係る電気
化学装置の構成を示す分解斜視図である。また、図２は
図１に示した電気化学装置の要部構成を示す模式図であ
り、厚さ方向を拡大してある。更に、図３は図１に示し
た電気化学装置の製造手順の一部を示す模式図である。
電気化学装置１の電極２，３は厚さが１２〜２０μｍで
あり帯状であるグリッド20，30を備えており、両グリッ
ド20，30は対向するように配置されている。Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the electrochemical device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a main part of the electrochemical device shown in FIG. 1, and is enlarged in a thickness direction. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a part of the manufacturing procedure of the electrochemical device shown in FIG.
The electrodes 2 and 3 of the electrochemical device 1 are provided with strip-shaped grids 20 and 30 having a thickness of 12 to 20 μm, and the grids 20 and 30 are arranged to face each other.
【００１９】グリッド20，30は、ポリエチレンテレフタ
レート（ＰＥＴ），ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）又はポリエ
チレン（ＰＥ）等，略１００℃〜２８０℃で熱可塑性を
有する合成樹脂、又はそれらに適宜の可塑剤を添加した
合成樹脂層21，31の両面に、アルミニウム，ニッケル，
又は銅等の金属を１〜４μｍの厚さになるように、メッ
キ法，蒸着法，ラミネート法又はこれらを組み合わせた
方法によって形成した電子伝導層22，22，32，32を設け
てなり、電子伝導層22，22，32，32にはリード５，６が
それぞれ接続してある。両グリッド20，30の両面には、
例えばカーボンとバインダであるＰＶｄＦとの混合物を
３０〜２００μｍの厚さになるようにコーターで塗布・
乾燥してなり、イオンを吸蔵・放出するイオン吸放層2
3，23，33，33がそれぞれ形成してある。The grids 20 and 30 are made of a synthetic resin having thermoplasticity at approximately 100 ° C. to 280 ° C., such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE), or an appropriate plasticizer added thereto. On both sides of the synthetic resin layers 21 and 31, aluminum, nickel,
Or an electron conductive layer 22, 22, 32, 32 formed by plating, vapor deposition, laminating, or a combination thereof so that a metal such as copper has a thickness of 1 to 4 μm. Leads 5 and 6 are connected to the conductive layers 22, 22, 32 and 32, respectively. On both sides of both grids 20, 30,
For example, a mixture of carbon and PVdF as a binder is applied with a coater so as to have a thickness of 30 to 200 μm.
An ion-absorbing layer 2 that dries and absorbs and releases ions
3, 23, 33 and 33 are formed respectively.
【００２０】なお、電極２，３は、熱可塑性の合成樹脂
層の一方の面に前述同様に電子伝導層及びイオン吸放層
を設けたものを２つ用意しておき、それらを合成樹脂層
が互いに対向するように張り合せたものでもよい。The electrodes 2 and 3 were prepared by preparing two electrodes each having an electron conductive layer and an ion absorbing / releasing layer provided on one surface of a thermoplastic synthetic resin layer as described above. May be bonded so as to face each other.
【００２１】両電極２，３の一方（図１では電極３）の
両面には、２５〜５０μｍの厚さの紙又は不織布等，電
気絶縁性のセパレータ４，４が配してあり、該セパレー
タ４，４によって両電極２，３を捲回した場合の短絡を
防止している。そして、図３（ａ）に示した如く、電極
２，セパレータ４，電極３，セパレータ４をこの順に積
層したものを、電極３を内側にして円形渦巻き状に捲回
した後、図３（ｂ）に示した如く、外圧を加えて長円形
に成形し、電極部を得る。このように、電極２，３及び
セパレータ４，４を円形渦巻き状に捲回するため、長円
渦巻き状に捲回する場合より捲回速度が速く、短時間で
捲回することができる。一方、電極２，３のグリッド2
0，30がＰＥＴ，ＰＰ又はＰＥ等、常温で柔軟な合成樹
脂層21，31によって形成してあるため、所要の形状に成
形しても電極２，３が破断することなく、容易に成形す
ることができる。On both surfaces of one of the electrodes 2 and 3 (electrode 3 in FIG. 1), electrically insulating separators 4 and 4 such as paper or nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 25 to 50 μm are provided. 4 and 4 prevent a short circuit when both electrodes 2 and 3 are wound. Then, as shown in FIG. 3A, the electrode 2, the separator 4, the electrode 3, and the separator 4 are laminated in this order, and the electrode 3, the inside is wound in a circular spiral shape. As shown in (1), an external pressure is applied to form an ellipse to obtain an electrode portion. As described above, since the electrodes 2 and 3 and the separators 4 and 4 are wound in a circular spiral shape, the winding speed is higher than in the case of the elliptical spiral shape, and the winding can be performed in a short time. On the other hand, grid 2 of electrodes 2 and 3
Since 0 and 30 are formed of synthetic resin layers 21 and 31 which are flexible at room temperature, such as PET, PP or PE, the electrodes 2 and 3 can be easily formed without breaking even if they are formed into a required shape. be able to.
【００２２】この電極部を、一端が開口した直方体殻形
のケース８内に挿入し、蓋10に設けてある端子11とリー
ド６とを接続し、またケース８の他端に設けてある端子
とリード５とを接続した後、蓋10によって開口を封止
し、ケース８の側面に開設してある孔９から例えばテト
ラエチルアンモニウム四フッ化ホウ素塩を含むＰＣ，Ｅ
Ｃ，ジエチルカーボネート，ジメチルカーボネート又は
ジメチルエーテル等の電解液又はそれらを組み合わせた
電解液を注入して、セパレータ４，４に電解液を含浸さ
せる。This electrode portion is inserted into a rectangular parallelepiped shell-shaped case 8 having one end opened, the terminal 11 provided on the lid 10 is connected to the lead 6, and the terminal provided on the other end of the case 8. After connecting the lead 5 and the lead 5, the opening is sealed with a lid 10, and PC, E containing, for example, tetraethylammonium boron tetrafluoride salt is inserted through a hole 9 formed on the side of the case 8.
An electrolyte such as C, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or dimethyl ether, or an electrolyte obtained by combining them is injected to impregnate the separators 4 and 4 with the electrolyte.
【００２３】このような電気化学装置１にあっては、リ
ード５，６から電極２，３に適宜の電圧を印加した場
合、セパレータ４，４に含浸させた電解質中のアニオン
及びカチオンが、対応する電極２，３のイオン吸放層2
3，23，33，33に吸蔵される。これによって、電気化学
装置に電荷が蓄積されると共に、両電極２，３間に電位
差が形成される。そして、電気化学装置は、イオン吸放
層23，23，33，33に吸蔵したアニオン及びカチオンを放
出することによって、蓄積した電荷をグリッド20，30の
電子伝導層22，22，32，32からリード５，６へ流出す
る。In such an electrochemical device 1, when an appropriate voltage is applied to the electrodes 2 and 3 from the leads 5 and 6, the anions and cations in the electrolyte impregnated in the separators 4 and 4 correspond to the corresponding anions and cations. Ion absorbing / releasing layer 2 of electrodes 2 and 3
It is occluded in 3,23,33,33. As a result, electric charges are accumulated in the electrochemical device, and a potential difference is formed between the electrodes 2 and 3. The electrochemical device releases the anions and cations occluded in the ion absorbing / releasing layers 23, 23, 33, 33, so that the accumulated charges are transferred from the electron conducting layers 22, 22, 32, 32 of the grids 20, 30. Outflow to leads 5,6.
【００２４】さて、上述した電気化学装置１に内部短絡
が生じた場合、電極２，３の短絡部に短絡電流が通流し
て発熱し、短絡部の周囲の合成樹脂層21，31が変形又は
溶融する。これによって電子伝導層22，22，32，32が破
断し、短絡電流が遮断されて発熱が止まり、内部温度及
び内部圧力の上昇が制される。一方、電気化学装置１に
それが圧壊するまで外部圧力を加えても、合成樹脂層2
1，31が外部圧力に応じて変形・延展した後に破断する
ため、破断直前の合成樹脂層21，31が薄く、従って爆発
的な音響が発生しない。When an internal short circuit occurs in the electrochemical device 1 described above, a short-circuit current flows through the short-circuit portion of the electrodes 2 and 3 to generate heat, and the synthetic resin layers 21 and 31 around the short-circuit portion are deformed or deformed. Melts. As a result, the electron conductive layers 22, 22, 32, and 32 are broken, the short-circuit current is cut off, heat generation is stopped, and the rise in the internal temperature and the internal pressure is suppressed. On the other hand, even if an external pressure is applied to the electrochemical device 1 until it is crushed, the synthetic resin layer 2
Since the layers 1 and 31 are broken after being deformed and extended according to the external pressure, the synthetic resin layers 21 and 31 immediately before the break are thin, so that explosive sound is not generated.
【００２５】なお、図１に示した電気化学装置にあって
は、帯状の２枚の電極を捲回してあるが、本発明はこれ
に限らず、複数の板状の電極を積層するようにしてもよ
いことはいうまでもない。また、図３では、対向する２
電極間に介在させた電解質中のイオンを電極に備えられ
たイオン吸放層に吸蔵することによって電荷を蓄積する
電気化学装置の製造方法について示してあるが、本発明
に係る電気化学装置の製造方法はこれに限らず、対向す
る２電極間に介在させた誘電体によって静電的に電荷を
蓄積するコンデンサ、及び対向する２電極間に介在させ
た電解質と電極との電気化学反応を利用する一次電池又
は二次電池の製造にも適用できる。In the electrochemical device shown in FIG. 1, two strip-shaped electrodes are wound, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of plate-shaped electrodes may be laminated. It goes without saying that this may be done. Also, in FIG.
A method for manufacturing an electrochemical device that accumulates charges by storing ions in an electrolyte interposed between electrodes in an ion absorbing / releasing layer provided on the electrode is described. The method is not limited to this, and utilizes a capacitor that electrostatically accumulates electric charge by a dielectric material interposed between two opposing electrodes, and an electrochemical reaction between an electrolyte and an electrode interposed between two opposing electrodes. It can also be applied to the manufacture of a primary battery or a secondary battery.
【００２６】[0026]
【実施例】次に、本発明に係る電気化学装置及び従来の
電気化学装置について比較試験を行った結果について説
明する。比較試験は、電気化学装置に直径が２．５ｍｍ
の鉄製の釘を貫通させる釘刺し試験、及び直径が１５ｍ
ｍの丸棒で電気化学装置を圧壊する圧壊試験に付いて行
った。それらの結果を次の表１及び表２に示す。Next, the results of comparative tests performed on the electrochemical device according to the present invention and a conventional electrochemical device will be described. The comparative test showed that the electrochemical device had a diameter of 2.5 mm.
Piercing test to penetrate an iron nail of a diameter of 15m
The crush test was conducted by crushing the electrochemical device with a round bar of m. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
【００２７】[0027]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２８】[0028]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２９】表１及び表２から明らかな如く、本発明に
係る電気化学装置は、釘刺し試験及び圧壊試験において
従来の電気化学装置より安全性が高い。As apparent from Tables 1 and 2, the electrochemical device according to the present invention has higher safety in the nail penetration test and the crush test than the conventional electrochemical device.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した如く、第１及び第５発明に
あっては、内部短絡が生じて温度が上昇した場合、合成
樹脂層が変形して電子伝導層が断線するため、更なる温
度上昇及び内部圧力の上昇が防止され、安全性が高い。As described in detail above, according to the first and fifth aspects of the present invention, when the internal short circuit occurs and the temperature rises, the synthetic resin layer is deformed and the electron conductive layer is disconnected. The rise in temperature and internal pressure is prevented, and safety is high.
【００３１】第２及び第５発明にあっては、合成樹脂層
は電解質の熱分解温度より低い温度領域で熱可塑性を有
する合成樹脂で形成してあるため、電解質の熱分解が発
生する前に合成樹脂層が変形又は溶融して電子伝導層が
断線し、安全性が更に向上する。In the second and fifth inventions, since the synthetic resin layer is formed of a synthetic resin having thermoplasticity in a temperature range lower than the thermal decomposition temperature of the electrolyte, the synthetic resin layer is formed before the thermal decomposition of the electrolyte occurs. The synthetic resin layer is deformed or melted and the electron conductive layer is disconnected, so that safety is further improved.
【００３２】第３及び第５発明にあっては、合成樹脂層
が柔軟であるため、電気化学装置を製造する場合、渦巻
状に捲回することによって高速に捲回した後、所要の形
状に成形することができる。一方、合成樹脂層が柔軟で
あるため、圧壊試験を行った場合、合成樹脂層が変形・
延展した後に破断し、爆発的な音響が生じない。According to the third and fifth aspects of the present invention, since the synthetic resin layer is flexible, when manufacturing an electrochemical device, it is wound at a high speed by spirally winding and then formed into a required shape. Can be molded. On the other hand, since the synthetic resin layer is flexible, when the crush test is performed, the synthetic resin layer is deformed or deformed.
It breaks after extension and does not produce explosive sound.
【００３３】第４及び第５発明にあっては、電子伝導層
の厚さを薄くして機械的強度を低下させ、合成樹脂層の
変形・溶融によって電子伝導層を確実に破断することが
できる一方、所要の導電量を確保することができる。According to the fourth and fifth aspects of the present invention, the thickness of the electron conductive layer is reduced to reduce the mechanical strength, and the electron conductive layer can be reliably broken by deformation and melting of the synthetic resin layer. On the other hand, a required amount of conductivity can be secured.
【００３４】第６発明にあっては、捲回速度を速くする
ことができると共に、破断することなく所要の形状に容
易に成形することができる等、本発明は優れた効果を奏
する。According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the present invention has excellent effects such that the winding speed can be increased and the desired shape can be easily formed without breaking.
【図１】本発明に係る電気化学装置の構成を示す分解斜
視図である。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of an electrochemical device according to the present invention.
【図２】図１に示した電気化学装置の要部構成を示す模
式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a main part of the electrochemical device shown in FIG.
【図３】図１に示した電気化学装置の製造手順の一部を
示す模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a part of a manufacturing procedure of the electrochemical device shown in FIG.
【図４】従来の電気化学装置の要部構成を示す模式図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a conventional electrochemical device.
１ 電気化学装置 ２ 電極 ３ 電極 ４ セパレータ ５ リード ６ リード ２０ グリッド ２１ 合成樹脂層 ２２ 電子伝導層 ２３ イオン吸放層 ３０ グリッド ３１ 合成樹脂層 ３２ 電子伝導層 ３３ イオン吸放層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrochemical apparatus 2 Electrode 3 Electrode 4 Separator 5 Lead 6 Lead 20 Grid 21 Synthetic resin layer 22 Electron conductive layer 23 Ion absorption / release layer 30 Grid 31 Synthetic resin layer 32 Electron conduction layer 33 Ion absorption / release layer
Claims (6)
を吸蔵・放出するイオン吸放層を設けてなる複数の電極
を、イオン吸放層が対向するように配置し、各電極の間
に電解質を介在させ、電解質への電圧の印加によってイ
オンを対応する電極のイオン吸放層に吸蔵させることに
よって電荷を保持する電気化学装置において、 前記グリッドは、合成樹脂層と、該合成樹脂層と前記イ
オン吸放層との間に形成した電子伝導層とを備えること
を特徴とする電気化学装置。1. A plurality of electrodes each having an ion absorbing / releasing layer for absorbing / releasing ions on one or both sides of a plate-like grid are arranged so that the ion absorbing / releasing layers face each other, and between each electrode. In an electrochemical device in which an electrolyte is interposed and charges are retained by absorbing ions into an ion absorbing / releasing layer of a corresponding electrode by applying a voltage to the electrolyte, the grid includes a synthetic resin layer, and the synthetic resin layer. And an electron conducting layer formed between the ion absorbing / releasing layer and the ion absorbing / releasing layer.
温度より低い温度領域で熱可塑性を有する合成樹脂で形
成してある請求項１記載の電気化学装置。2. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin layer is formed of a synthetic resin having thermoplasticity in a temperature range lower than a thermal decomposition temperature of the electrolyte.
請求項１又は２記載の電気化学装置。3. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin layer is capable of being wound.
求項１，２又は３記載の電気化学装置。4. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein said electron conductive layer is formed of a metal.
学装置に備えられる電極。5. An electrode provided in the electrochemical device according to claim 1.
てなる電気化学装置を製造する方法において、 合成樹脂層の表面に電子伝導層を形成して前記グリッド
を作成する工程と、 互いに対向させて配置した両電極を渦巻き状に捲回する
工程と、 渦巻き状に捲回した両電極を所要の形状に成形する工程
とを含むことを特徴とする電気化学装置の製造方法。6. A method for manufacturing an electrochemical device in which electrodes having a plate-shaped grid are opposed to each other, comprising: forming an electron conductive layer on a surface of a synthetic resin layer to form the grid; A method for manufacturing an electrochemical device, comprising: a step of spirally winding both electrodes arranged in a spiral shape; and a step of forming both electrodes spirally wound into a required shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8324260A JPH10163070A (en) | 1996-12-04 | 1996-12-04 | Electrochemical device, electrode and manufacture of electrochemical device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8324260A JPH10163070A (en) | 1996-12-04 | 1996-12-04 | Electrochemical device, electrode and manufacture of electrochemical device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10163070A true JPH10163070A (en) | 1998-06-19 |
Family
ID=18163826
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8324260A Pending JPH10163070A (en) | 1996-12-04 | 1996-12-04 | Electrochemical device, electrode and manufacture of electrochemical device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10163070A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013002119A1 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-03 | 株式会社 村田製作所 | Power storage device and method of manufacturing thereof |
| WO2013099541A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Electricity storage device and method for manufacturing same |
| JP2015516650A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2015-06-11 | シャンハイ・ズリ・ニュー・エナジー・テクノロジー・カンパニー・リミテッド | Electrode plate and electrode assembly, storage battery, and capacitor including electrode plate |
-
1996
- 1996-12-04 JP JP8324260A patent/JPH10163070A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013002119A1 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-03 | 株式会社 村田製作所 | Power storage device and method of manufacturing thereof |
| JP5477609B2 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-04-23 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Electric storage device and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2013099541A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Electricity storage device and method for manufacturing same |
| JPWO2013099541A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-04-30 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Electric storage device and manufacturing method thereof |
| US9911547B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2018-03-06 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Electric storage device and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2015516650A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2015-06-11 | シャンハイ・ズリ・ニュー・エナジー・テクノロジー・カンパニー・リミテッド | Electrode plate and electrode assembly, storage battery, and capacitor including electrode plate |
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