JPH10159769A - Vane back pressure giving device of sliding vane type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vane back pressure giving device for a compressor of sliding vane type, with which it is possible to prevent the vane from out of order at starting with low speed rotation and preclude occurrence of an inferior compressing performance in the condition that the viscosity of the lubricant oil is high resulting from no level difference up and down and/or a low ambient temp. SOLUTION: A vane back pressure giving device for a compressor of sliding vane type includes a gas supply passage 33 whose one end is in communication with a vane back pressure chamber and other end opens at the suction stroke part of a working chamber and a spherical valve which permits a fluid in the passage 33 to flow only in one direction from the suction stroke part of the working chamber toward the vane back pressure chamber. Accordingly the second sphere 37 of the spherical valve is separated from the second spherical seat 36 by its own weight in the condition free of pressure difference, supplies gas fluid into another gas supply passage 34 before starting of the compressor, and prevents the vane from out of order and precludes occurrence of an inferior compressing performance resulting from viscosity of the lubricant oil.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は自動車用空調装置等
に供されるスライディングベーン式圧縮機に使用するベ
ーン背圧付与装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vane back pressure applying device used for a sliding vane type compressor used for an air conditioner for an automobile or the like.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】周知のようにスライディングベーン式圧
縮機では、ベーン背圧を付与する構造としてロータの回
転に伴ってベーンがその先端をシリンダ内壁に接して回
転摺動運動をするようベーン後端に高圧の潤滑油を圧力
差により供給する構造が広く用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, in a sliding vane type compressor, a vane rear end is provided so as to apply a vane back pressure so that the vane makes a rotary sliding motion by contacting the tip of the vane with the inner wall of a cylinder as the rotor rotates. A structure in which high-pressure lubricating oil is supplied by a pressure difference is widely used.

【０００３】以下図面を参照しながら、上述した従来の
スライディングベーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与装置の
一例について説明する。[0003] An example of a conventional vane back pressure applying device for a sliding vane type compressor will be described with reference to the drawings.

【０００４】図３、図４、図５は従来の差圧給油式のベ
ーン背圧付与装置を有するスライディングベーン式圧縮
機の具体構成を示すものである。FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show a concrete structure of a conventional sliding vane compressor having a differential pressure oil supply type vane back pressure applying device.

【０００５】同図において、１は円筒内壁を有するシリ
ンダ、２はその外周の一部がシリンダ１内壁と微小隙間
を形成するロータ、３はロータ２に設けられた複数のベ
ーンスロット、４はベーンスロット３内に摺動自在に挿
入された複数のベーン、５はロータ２と一体的に形成さ
れ回転自在に軸支される駆動軸、６および７はそれぞれ
シリンダ１の両端を閉塞して内部に作動室８を形成する
前部側板および後部側板である。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder having a cylindrical inner wall, 2 denotes a rotor having a part of the outer periphery forming a minute gap with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, 3 denotes a plurality of vane slots provided in the rotor 2, and 4 denotes a vane. A plurality of vanes 5 slidably inserted into the slots 3, a drive shaft 5 formed integrally with the rotor 2 and rotatably supported, and 6 and 7 respectively closing both ends of the cylinder 1 and It is a front side plate and a rear side plate forming the working chamber 8.

【０００６】９は低圧側の作動室８に連通する吸入口、
１０は高圧側の作動室８に連通する吐出口、１１は吐出
口に配設された吐出弁、１２は高圧通路１３に連通する
高圧室１４を形成して圧縮された高圧流体中の潤滑油を
分離捕捉するスクリーン１５を配設した高圧ケースであ
る。Reference numeral 9 denotes a suction port communicating with the low-pressure side working chamber 8;
10 is a discharge port communicating with the high-pressure side working chamber 8, 11 is a discharge valve arranged in the discharge port, 12 is a lubricating oil in a high-pressure fluid compressed by forming a high-pressure chamber 14 communicating with the high-pressure passage 13. This is a high-pressure case provided with a screen 15 for separating and capturing.

【０００７】１６は後部側板７に配設されたベーン背圧
付与装置本体で、高圧室１４下方の油溜り部の潤滑油を
ベーン背圧室１７に供給している。１８は高圧室１４下
方の油溜り部とベーン背圧室１７とを連通する給油通
路、１９は差圧による給油量を制限する通路、２０は給
油通路１８途中に設けられた球座、２１は球座２０と当
接あるいは遊離して給油通路１８を連通遮断する球体、
２２は球座２０に開口するプランジャ室、２３はプラン
ジャ室２２内部に摺動自在に配設され球座２０側へ移動
したとき球体２１を球座２０から遊離させるプランジ
ャ、２４はプランジャ下端の下部プランジャ室２５と吐
出弁１１直前の作動室８とを連通する圧力導入路であ
る。Reference numeral 16 denotes a main body of the vane back pressure applying device disposed on the rear side plate 7 for supplying lubricating oil in an oil reservoir below the high pressure chamber 14 to the vane back pressure chamber 17. Reference numeral 18 denotes an oil supply passage communicating the oil reservoir below the high-pressure chamber 14 with the vane back pressure chamber 17, reference numeral 19 denotes a passage for restricting the amount of oil supply by differential pressure, reference numeral 20 denotes a ball seat provided in the oil supply passage 18, and reference numeral 21 denotes a ball seat. A sphere that abuts on or separates from the ball seat 20 to block communication with the oil supply passage 18;
Reference numeral 22 denotes a plunger chamber that opens into the ball seat 20, 23 denotes a plunger that is slidably disposed inside the plunger chamber 22 and releases the ball 21 from the ball seat 20 when moved toward the ball seat 20, and 24 denotes a lower portion of the lower end of the plunger. This is a pressure introduction passage that communicates the plunger chamber 25 with the working chamber 8 immediately before the discharge valve 11.

【０００８】２６、２７は作動室８の中間圧部分と給油
通路１８とを連通するガス供給通路、２８はガス供給通
路２６、２７間に設けられた弁室、２９はガス供給通路
２６の弁室２８開口部に設けられた弁座、３０は弁室２
８内に移動可能に配設された弁体、３１は弁体３０が弁
座２９に当接した時はガス供給通路２６、２７を遮断す
るように設けられた通孔、３２は弁体３０の移動を制限
するストッパーである。Reference numerals 26 and 27 denote gas supply passages for communicating the intermediate pressure portion of the working chamber 8 with the oil supply passage 18, reference numeral 28 denotes a valve chamber provided between the gas supply passages 26 and 27, and reference numeral 29 denotes a valve of the gas supply passage 26. The valve seat provided at the opening of the chamber 28, 30 is the valve chamber 2
Numeral 31 is a valve body movably disposed in the inside 8, 31 is a through hole provided to shut off the gas supply passages 26 and 27 when the valve body 30 abuts on the valve seat 29, and 32 is a valve body 30 It is a stopper that restricts the movement of

【０００９】以上のように構成されたスライディングベ
ーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与装置について以下その動
作を説明する。The operation of the vane back pressure applying device of the sliding vane type compressor configured as described above will be described below.

【００１０】エンジンなどの駆動源より動力伝達を受け
て駆動軸５およびロータ２が時計方向に回転すると、低
圧流体が吸入口９より作動室８内に流入する。ロータ２
の回転に伴い圧縮された高圧流体は吐出口１０より吐出
弁１１を押し上げて高圧通路１３より高圧室１４に流
し、スクリーン１５によって潤滑油が分離捕捉される。
圧力導入路２４からは高圧流体の圧力に打ち勝って吐出
弁１１を押し上げるだけの圧力を有する作動室８内の過
圧縮ガスが下部プランジャ室２５へ供給されるので、プ
ランジャ２３は第１球座２０側へ移動して第１球体２１
を第１球座２０から遊離させる。When power is transmitted from a drive source such as an engine and the drive shaft 5 and the rotor 2 rotate clockwise, low-pressure fluid flows into the working chamber 8 through the suction port 9. Rotor 2
The high-pressure fluid compressed along with the rotation of pushes up the discharge valve 11 from the discharge port 10 and flows into the high-pressure chamber 14 from the high-pressure passage 13, and the lubricating oil is separated and captured by the screen 15.
Since the over-compressed gas in the working chamber 8 having a pressure enough to push up the discharge valve 11 by overcoming the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is supplied from the pressure introducing passage 24 to the lower plunger chamber 25, the plunger 23 is moved to the first ball seat 20. Move to the first sphere 21
Is released from the first sphere 20.

【００１１】したがって、給油通路１８は連通されるの
で、高圧流体中より分離されて高圧室１４下方に貯えら
れた潤滑油は差圧によって通路１９、給油通路１８に供
給される。これに伴い給油通路１８に連通するガス供給
通路２７の圧力が上昇し作動室８の中間圧部分に連通す
るガス通路２６圧力に打ち勝って弁室２８内の弁体３０
は弁座２９に当接せられガス供給通路２６とガス供給通
路２７は遮断される。Therefore, since the oil supply passage 18 is communicated, the lubricating oil separated from the high-pressure fluid and stored below the high-pressure chamber 14 is supplied to the passage 19 and the oil supply passage 18 by a differential pressure. As a result, the pressure of the gas supply passage 27 communicating with the oil supply passage 18 rises, overcoming the pressure of the gas passage 26 communicating with the intermediate pressure portion of the working chamber 8, and the valve body 30 in the valve chamber 28
The gas supply passage 26 and the gas supply passage 27 are cut off by contact with the valve seat 29.

【００１２】すなわち、ベーン背圧室へは潤滑油が供給
通路１８から供給されてベーン４の押圧に供される。That is, lubricating oil is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber from the supply passage 18 and is used to press the vane 4.

【００１３】また、圧縮機が停止した場合には、作動室
８内の圧力は急激に低圧側流体の圧力まで降下するた
め、下部プランジャ室２５内の圧力も低圧側流体の圧力
まで降下しプランジャ２３下端の圧力はプランジャ２３
上端の圧力より小さくなるのでプランジャ２３は下部プ
ランジャ室２５側へ移動する。When the compressor is stopped, the pressure in the working chamber 8 rapidly drops to the pressure of the low-pressure fluid, so that the pressure in the lower plunger chamber 25 also drops to the pressure of the low-pressure fluid. The pressure at the lower end of 23 is plunger 23
Since the pressure becomes lower than the pressure at the upper end, the plunger 23 moves to the lower plunger chamber 25 side.

【００１４】このため球体２１は球座２０に当接し給油
通路１８は遮断される。したがって潤滑油はそれ以上供
給されないから、作動室８内への潤滑油の流入が防止で
きる。Therefore, the sphere 21 comes into contact with the ball seat 20 and the oil supply passage 18 is shut off. Therefore, no more lubricating oil is supplied, so that the inflow of lubricating oil into the working chamber 8 can be prevented.

【００１５】圧縮機が停止後ある時間が経過して高圧側
と低圧側の圧力差がないときに圧縮機を始動した場合に
は、ロータ２の回転に伴ってベーン４が回転しベーンス
ロット内３を伸張没入する際生ずるベーン背圧室１７の
容積変動によってベーン背圧室１７内の圧力が低くなれ
ば瞬時に弁体３０はストッパー３２側へ移動しガス供給
通路２６、２７は連通する。If the compressor is started after a certain period of time has elapsed since the compressor stopped and there is no pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side, the vane 4 rotates with the rotation of the rotor 2 and the inside of the vane slot is rotated. When the pressure in the vane back pressure chamber 17 decreases due to the volume fluctuation of the vane back pressure chamber 17 generated when the 3 is extended and retracted, the valve element 30 moves to the stopper 32 side instantaneously, and the gas supply passages 26 and 27 communicate.

【００１６】したがって、ガス状流体が作動室８に開口
するガス供給通路２６から弁体３０の通孔３１を経てガ
ス供給通路２７に流入しベーン背圧室１７に供給される
のでベーン背圧室１７の圧力低下を防止できる。Accordingly, the gaseous fluid flows from the gas supply passage 26 opening into the working chamber 8 into the gas supply passage 27 through the through hole 31 of the valve body 30 and is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber 17. 17 can be prevented from dropping.

【００１７】始動後にプランジャ２３が第１球体２１を
第１球座２０から遊離させて給油通路１８が連通して
も、高圧室１４内の圧力上昇が不十分かつ潤滑油流入の
通路抵抗が大であることなどにより給油通路１８のガス
供給通路２７との連通部の圧力が作動室８のガス供給通
路２６開口部の圧力より低ければ、依然として弁体３０
は弁座２９から遊離したままである。Even after the start, the plunger 23 releases the first sphere 21 from the first sphere 20, and the oil supply passage 18 communicates with the oil supply passage 18. However, the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 14 is insufficiently increased and the passage resistance of the lubricating oil inflow is large. If the pressure of the communication portion of the oil supply passage 18 with the gas supply passage 27 is lower than the pressure of the opening of the gas supply passage 26 of the working chamber 8, the valve 30
Remains free from the valve seat 29.

【００１８】そして高圧室１４内の圧力がさらに上昇し
て高圧側と低圧側の圧力差が大きくなってガス供給通路
２７内の圧力がガス供給通路２６内の圧力より大きくな
ると前述したようになる。As described above, when the pressure in the high pressure chamber 14 further increases and the pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side increases, and the pressure in the gas supply passage 27 becomes larger than the pressure in the gas supply passage 26. .

【００１９】[0019]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
のベーン背圧付与装置では、圧縮機停止後ある時間が経
過して高圧側と低圧側の圧力差が無い場合においては弁
体３０は弁座２９に当接せられ給油通路１８に連通する
ガス供給通路２７は潤滑油で満たされた状態であり、潤
滑油の粘性が弁体３０と弁座２９の密着度を助長してい
た。However, in the above-mentioned conventional vane back pressure applying device, when a certain time has elapsed after the compressor stopped and there is no pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side, the valve body 30 is moved to the valve seat 29. The gas supply passage 27 which is in contact with the oil supply passage 18 and which is in contact with the oil supply passage 18 is in a state filled with lubricating oil, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil promotes the degree of close contact between the valve body 30 and the valve seat 29.

【００２０】このような状態において、圧縮機始動時の
潤滑油の温度が低く粘性が高い状態でロータ２の回転数
が低い場合には、ロータ２の回転に伴ってベーン４が回
転するときに発生する遠心力がベーン背圧室１７の容積
変動に必要な潤滑油の流動に対する潤滑油の水頭、粘性
および慣性による流れ始めの抵抗に対して不足し、弁体
３０は弁座２９に当接せられたままとなり、結果として
ベーン４の伸張の際に生ずるベーン背圧室１７の容積変
動に対し充分な潤滑油またはガス状流体が供給できな
い。In such a state, when the rotation speed of the rotor 2 is low while the temperature of the lubricating oil at the time of starting the compressor is low and the viscosity is high, when the vane 4 rotates with the rotation of the rotor 2, The generated centrifugal force is insufficient for the resistance of the lubricating oil to start flowing due to the head, viscosity, and inertia of the lubricating oil against the flow of the lubricating oil required for the volume fluctuation of the vane back pressure chamber 17, and the valve body 30 contacts the valve seat 29. As a result, sufficient lubricating oil or gaseous fluid cannot be supplied with respect to the volume fluctuation of the vane back pressure chamber 17 that occurs when the vane 4 is extended.

【００２１】このためベーン背圧室１７の圧力低下を生
じベーン４がシリンダ１内壁から遊離し再び衝突する周
知の不調現象や流体を圧縮しない圧縮不良現象が生ずる
という課題を有していた。For this reason, there has been a problem that a pressure drop in the vane back pressure chamber 17 occurs, and a well-known malfunctioning phenomenon in which the vane 4 separates from the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and collides again, and a poor compression phenomenon in which the fluid is not compressed occur.

【００２２】また、弁体３０と弁座２９とのシール面は
加工時の平面度の確保およびコーキングによる面だしに
より形成するが面接触シールのため確実なシール面形成
は難しく、定常運転時に給油通路１８からガス供給通路
２７を通してガス供給通路２６へ潤滑油の洩れを生じ圧
縮機の効率の低下が生ずるという課題を有していた。Further, the sealing surface between the valve element 30 and the valve seat 29 is formed by securing flatness during processing and by forming a surface by coking, but it is difficult to form a reliable sealing surface due to a surface contact seal. There is a problem that the lubricant leaks from the passage 18 to the gas supply passage 26 through the gas supply passage 27 and the efficiency of the compressor is reduced.

【００２３】また、ガス供給通路２６を作動室８の中間
圧部分に開口しているため定常運転時にはガス供給通路
２６の開口部がベーン４の通過に伴ってガス供給通路２
６の容積内に圧縮されたガス流体が再膨張を引き起し圧
縮機の効率の低下が生ずるという課題を有していた。Further, since the gas supply passage 26 is opened at the intermediate pressure portion of the working chamber 8, the opening of the gas supply passage 26 is opened with the passage of the vane 4 during the steady operation.
6 has a problem that the gas fluid compressed in the volume of 6 causes re-expansion and the efficiency of the compressor is reduced.

【００２４】さらに、弁体３０の位置決めとしてのスト
ッパー３２は組立性の悪化を招いており、ストッパー３
２の代替としてベーン背圧付与装置本体１６の端面を利
用することも可能であるが、弁体３０の作動は弁体３０
の弁座２９に対する対向面側からの流体の作用が必要で
あるため、ベーン背圧付与装置本体１６の端面にガス供
給通路２７を構成し、弁体３０のベーン背圧付与装置本
体１６の端面への密着による弁体３０の作動不能を避け
ねばならなくなり、ガス供給通路２７が長くなりオイル
粘性による流れ始めの抵抗を助長するという課題を有し
ていた。Further, the stopper 32 for positioning the valve body 30 causes the assemblability to deteriorate, and the stopper 3
Alternatively, the end face of the vane back pressure applying device body 16 can be used instead of the valve body 30.
Since the action of the fluid from the opposing surface side to the valve seat 29 is required, the gas supply passage 27 is formed at the end face of the vane back pressure applying device body 16, and the end surface of the vane back pressure applying device body 16 of the valve element 30 It is necessary to avoid the inoperability of the valve body 30 due to close contact with the gas supply path, and the gas supply passage 27 becomes longer, which has the problem of promoting the resistance at the start of flow due to oil viscosity.

【００２５】本発明は上記課題に鑑み、圧縮機の高低圧
力差が無い場合に低温、低速回転で圧縮機を始動した場
合でもベーンの不調現象や圧縮不良現象が防止できかつ
耐久性や効率を損わないスライディングベーン式圧縮機
のベーン背圧付与装置を提供するものである。In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention can prevent vane malfunction and poor compression even when the compressor is started at low temperature and low speed rotation when there is no pressure difference between the compressor and the compressor. An object of the present invention is to provide a vane back pressure applying device for a sliding vane type compressor that does not impair.

【００２６】[0026]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に本発明は、スライディングベーン式圧縮機のベーン背
圧付与装置のガス供給通路の流体の流れを前記作動室の
吸入行程部分から前記ベーン背圧室への一方向のみとす
る手段を球体弁で構成したものである。According to the present invention, there is provided a vane back pressure applying device for a sliding vane type compressor, in which a fluid flow in a gas supply passage is supplied from a suction stroke portion of the working chamber to the vane. The means for providing only one direction to the back pressure chamber is constituted by a spherical valve.

【００２７】上記球体弁により、シールは線接触シール
となり確実なシール構成を容易にし潤滑油の粘性による
球体の球座への密着力も小さくなり、高低圧差が無いか
小さい状態において球体は自重により球座より遊離しガ
ス供給通路が開状態となる。よって圧縮機の始動以前の
ガス供給通路内へのガス流体の流入により、潤滑油の粘
性の影響を排除し、圧縮機の低温、低速回転で圧縮機を
始動した場合でもベーンの不調現象や圧縮不良現象が防
止できかつ耐久性や効率を損わないことができる。With the above spherical valve, the seal becomes a line contact seal, which facilitates a reliable seal construction, reduces the adhesion of the spherical body to the spherical seat due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil, and allows the spherical body to have its own weight when there is no or small high / low pressure difference. The gas supply passage is released from the seat and the gas supply passage is opened. Therefore, the influence of the viscosity of the lubricating oil is eliminated by the inflow of the gas fluid into the gas supply passage before the compressor is started, and even when the compressor is started at a low temperature and a low speed rotation of the compressor, the malfunction of the vane or the compression of the vane occurs. A defect phenomenon can be prevented, and durability and efficiency can be maintained.

【００２８】[0028]

【発明の実施の形態】上記課題を解決するための請求項
１に記載の発明は、スライディングベーン式圧縮機のベ
ーン背圧付与装置のガス供給通路の流体の流れを前記作
動室の吸入行程部分から前記ベーン背圧室への一方向の
みとする手段を球体弁で構成したものである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sliding vane type compressor in which a flow of fluid in a gas supply passage of a vane back pressure applying device of a sliding vane type compressor is controlled by a suction stroke portion of the working chamber. The means for making only one direction from to the vane back pressure chamber is constituted by a spherical valve.

【００２９】そして、このことによりシールは線接触シ
ールとなり確実なシール構成を容易にし、潤滑油の粘性
による球体の球座への密着力も小さくなり、高低圧差が
無い状態において球体は自重により球座より遊離しガス
供給通路が開状態となる。よって圧縮機の始動以前のガ
ス供給通路内へのガス流体の流入により、潤滑油の粘性
の影響を排除することができる。As a result, the seal becomes a line contact seal, which facilitates a reliable seal construction, reduces the adhesion of the sphere to the sphere due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil, and when there is no pressure difference between the sphere and the sphere, the sphere is under its own weight. The gas supply passage is further released and the gas supply passage is opened. Therefore, the influence of the viscosity of the lubricating oil can be eliminated by the flow of the gas fluid into the gas supply passage before the start of the compressor.

【００３０】請求項２に記載の発明は、高低圧差が無い
か小さい場合に、球体弁の構成角度を球体の自重により
ガス供給通路が開状態となる傾斜を持たせることによっ
て球体弁の作動力の付加と、球体と球座間の通路面積を
確保するものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, when there is no or small pressure difference, the operating angle of the spherical valve is increased by setting the angle of the spherical valve so that the gas supply passage is opened by its own weight. And the passage area between the sphere and the ball seat is secured.

【００３１】請求項３に記載の発明は、ガス供給通路を
同一の後部側板内に設けガス供給通路の短縮をすること
により、ガス供給をさらに容易にするものであり、スト
ッパーとしてベーン背圧付与装置本体を利用することに
より組立性の向上を図ることができる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the gas supply passage is provided in the same rear side plate to shorten the gas supply passage to further facilitate the gas supply. By using the apparatus main body, the assemblability can be improved.

【００３２】[0032]

【実施例】以下本発明の実施例について図面を参照して
説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

【００３３】（実施例）以下、本発明の実施例について
図１、図２を参照しながら説明する。同図において前記
従来のスライディングベーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与
装置と同一の作用効果を有するものは同一の符号を記し
て説明を省略する。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, components having the same functions and effects as those of the conventional vane back pressure applying device of the sliding vane type compressor are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

【００３４】同図において３３、３４は作動室８の吸入
行程部分と給油通路１８を連通するガス供給通路、３５
はガス供給通路３３、３４間に設けられた弁室、３６は
ガス供給通路３３の弁室３５開口部に設けられた第２球
座、３７は弁室３５内に移動可能に配設された第２球体
である。In the figure, reference numerals 33 and 34 denote gas supply passages which communicate the suction stroke portion of the working chamber 8 with the oil supply passage 18.
Is a valve chamber provided between the gas supply passages 33 and 34, 36 is a second ball seat provided at the opening of the valve chamber 35 of the gas supply passage 33, and 37 is movably disposed in the valve chamber 35. The second sphere.

【００３５】以上のように構成されたスライディングベ
ーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与装置について以下その動
作を説明する。The operation of the vane back pressure applying device of the sliding vane type compressor configured as described above will be described below.

【００３６】圧縮機始動後、ある時間経過して給油する
のに十分な高圧側と低圧側の圧力差が存在するような定
常運転状態では、給油通路１８内には差圧によって高圧
の潤滑油が流入するので給油通路１８に連通するガス供
給通路３４の圧力は作動室８に連通するガス供給通路３
３内の圧力より大きくなる。In a steady operation state in which there is a pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side sufficient to supply oil after a certain time has elapsed after the start of the compressor, the high pressure lubricating oil Flows into the gas supply passage 34 communicating with the oil supply passage 18 so that the pressure of the gas supply passage 3 communicating with the working chamber 8 increases.
It becomes larger than the pressure in 3.

【００３７】したがって、第２球体３７は第２球座３６
に当接せられるから高圧室１４に貯えられた潤滑油が通
路１９、給油通路１８からベーン背圧室１７へ供給され
てベーン４の押圧に供されるのは前記従来のスライディ
ングベーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与装置と同様であ
る。Accordingly, the second sphere 37 is in contact with the second sphere 36
The lubricating oil stored in the high-pressure chamber 14 is supplied to the vane back pressure chamber 17 from the passage 19 and the oil supply passage 18 to be pressed against the vane 4 because the lubricating oil stored in the high-pressure chamber 14 is brought into contact with the vane 4. This is the same as the vane back pressure applying device.

【００３８】また、圧縮機が停止した場合には、給油通
路１８が遮断されて第１球座２０からベーン背圧室１７
に至る給油通路１８内の圧力は作動室８の圧力と等しく
なり、第２球体前後の圧力も等しくなるが、給油通路１
８の遮断によって作動室８内への潤滑油の流入が防止で
きることも前記従来のスライディングベーン式圧縮機の
ベーン背圧付与装置と同様である。When the compressor is stopped, the oil supply passage 18 is shut off and the first ball seat 20 is moved away from the vane back pressure chamber 17.
The pressure in the oil supply passage 18 leading to the pressure becomes equal to the pressure in the working chamber 8 and the pressure before and after the second sphere becomes equal.
As in the conventional vane back pressure applying device of the conventional sliding vane type compressor, the lubricating oil can be prevented from flowing into the working chamber 8 by shutting off the block 8.

【００３９】圧縮機停止後、ある時間が経過して高圧側
と低圧側の圧力差が無いときには、第２球体３７は、線
接触シールであるため潤滑油の粘性による第２球座３６
への密着力も小さく、自重により第２球座３６より遊離
しストッパーとなっているベーン背圧付与装置本体１６
側へ移動する。When there is no pressure difference between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side after a certain period of time after the compressor is stopped, the second sphere 37 is a line contact seal and has a second ball seat 36 due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil.
The vane back pressure applying device main body 16 having a small adhesion force to the second ball seat 36 due to its own weight and serving as a stopper.
Move to the side.

【００４０】したがって、ガス供給通路３３、３４は連
通し圧縮機の始動以前に作動室８よりガス供給通路３３
を通してガス供給通路３４内へガス状流体が流入する。Therefore, the gas supply passages 33 and 34 are communicated with each other, and the gas supply passages 33 are provided from the working chamber 8 before the compressor is started.
The gaseous fluid flows into the gas supply passage 34 through.

【００４１】よって、低温時に圧縮機を始動した場合に
は、ロータ２の回転に伴ってベーン４が回転しベーンス
ロット３内を伸張没入する際に生ずるベーン背圧室１７
内の圧力が低くなれば、潤滑油の粘性の影響を受けるこ
となく瞬時にガス供給通路３４からガス状流体がベーン
背圧室１７に供給されるので、ベーン背圧室１７の圧力
低下を防止できる。Therefore, when the compressor is started at a low temperature, the vane 4 rotates as the rotor 2 rotates and the vane back pressure chamber 17 which is generated when the vane 4 extends and retracts in the vane slot 3.
When the internal pressure is reduced, the gaseous fluid is instantaneously supplied from the gas supply passage 34 to the vane back pressure chamber 17 without being affected by the viscosity of the lubricating oil. it can.

【００４２】始動後にプランジャ２３が第１球体２１を
第１球座２０から遊離させて給油通路１８が連通しても
高圧室１４の圧力上昇が不十分でかつ潤滑油流入の通路
抵抗が大であることなどにより、給油通路１８のガス供
給通路３４との連通部の圧力が作動室８のガス供給通路
３３の開口部の圧力より低ければ、依然として第２球体
３７は第２球座３６から遊離したままである。Even after the start, the plunger 23 releases the first sphere 21 from the first sphere 20 and the oil supply passage 18 communicates with the passage, so that the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 14 is insufficiently increased and the passage resistance for lubricating oil inflow is large. For example, if the pressure of the oil supply passage 18 communicating with the gas supply passage 34 is lower than the pressure of the opening of the gas supply passage 33 of the working chamber 8, the second sphere 37 is still released from the second sphere seat 36. It remains.

【００４３】そして高圧室１４の圧力がさらに上昇して
高圧側と低圧側の圧力差が大きくなってガス供給通路３
４内の圧力が、ガス供給通路３３内の圧力より大きくな
ると前述したようになる。Then, the pressure in the high-pressure chamber 14 further increases, and the pressure difference between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side increases, so that the gas supply passage 3
When the pressure in the gas supply passage 4 becomes larger than the pressure in the gas supply passage 33, the above-described operation is performed.

【００４４】さらに前記第２球体３７の作動において、
自重により第２球体３７が第２球座３６から遊離する方
向に角度を付加しガス供給通路３３および弁室３５を構
成することにより、第２球体３７の確実な作動と第２球
体３７と第２球座３６の間に構成される通路面積を確保
することができる。Further, in the operation of the second sphere 37,
By forming an angle in the direction in which the second sphere 37 is released from the second sphere seat 36 by its own weight to form the gas supply passage 33 and the valve chamber 35, reliable operation of the second sphere 37 and the second sphere 37 and the second A passage area formed between the two ball seats 36 can be secured.

【００４５】さらに第２球体３７の第２球座３６へ着座
させるためには第２球体３７の直径以下の深さでガス供
給通路３４をガス供給通路３３と弁室３５と同一の前記
後部側板７内に設けることができるので、ガス供給の短
縮を図ることができる。また、第２球体３７のストッパ
ーとして後部側板７に配設されたベーン背圧付与装置本
体１６の端面で構成することができる。Further, in order to be seated on the second spherical seat 36 of the second spherical body 37, the gas supply passage 34 is formed at a depth equal to or less than the diameter of the second spherical body 37 by the same rear side plate as the gas supply passage 33 and the valve chamber 35. 7, the gas supply can be shortened. Further, the stopper of the second spherical body 37 can be constituted by the end face of the vane back pressure applying device main body 16 disposed on the rear side plate 7.

【００４６】以上のように本実施例によれば、作動室と
給油通路とを連通するガス供給通路と、ガス供給通路途
中に形成される弁室内に球体、球座から構成される球体
弁を作動室から給油通路への一方向のみに流れるように
設けることにより、低温雰囲気での高低圧均圧状態から
低回転で圧縮機を始動した場合でも始動直後に生ずるベ
ーン背圧室内の圧力低下をガス供給通路からのガス状流
体の供給によって妨げてベーン伸張に必要な押圧を及す
ことができるので、ベーンの不調現象や圧縮不良現象を
防止できる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, the spherical valve composed of the sphere and the ball seat is provided in the gas supply passage communicating the working chamber and the oil supply passage, and in the valve chamber formed in the gas supply passage. Even if the compressor is started at a low speed from a high-low pressure equalization state in a low-temperature atmosphere, the pressure drop in the vane back pressure chamber that occurs immediately after the start can be prevented by providing the flow in one direction from the working chamber to the oil supply passage. Since the pressure required for the expansion of the vane can be exerted while being hindered by the supply of the gaseous fluid from the gas supply passage, the malfunction and poor compression of the vane can be prevented.

【００４７】また、通常の運転時においても適正量の潤
滑油をベーン背圧室へ供給できるので耐久性や効率を損
うことはない。Also, even during normal operation, an appropriate amount of lubricating oil can be supplied to the vane back pressure chamber, so that durability and efficiency are not impaired.

【００４８】なお、本実施例においてスライディングベ
ーン式圧縮機は吸入口９、吐出口１０がそれぞれ一つし
かない真円式を示したが吸入口９、吐出口１０がそれぞ
れ複数ある形式のものでもかまわない。またベーン４の
枚数も４枚のものを示したが何枚あっても良い。In this embodiment, the sliding vane type compressor has a perfect circular type having only one suction port 9 and one discharge port 10. However, a compressor having a plurality of suction ports 9 and discharge ports 10 may be used. I don't care. Although the number of the vanes 4 is four, the number of the vanes 4 may be any.

【００４９】[0049]

【発明の効果】上記実施例から明かなように、請求項１
記載の発明によれば、スライディングベーン式圧縮機の
ベーン背圧付与装置のガス供給通路の流体の流れを前記
作動室の吸入行程部分から前記ベーン背圧室への一方向
のみとする手段を球体弁で構成することにより、シール
は線接触シールとなり潤滑油の粘性による球体の球座へ
の密着力も小さくなり、高低圧差が無い状態において球
体は自重により球座より遊離しガス供給通路が開状態と
することができ、圧縮機の始動以前のガス供給通路内へ
のガス流体の流入により、潤滑油の粘性の影響を排除す
ることができる。As is apparent from the above embodiment, the first aspect of the present invention is as follows.
According to the invention described above, means for making the flow of the fluid in the gas supply passage of the vane back pressure applying device of the sliding vane type compressor only in one direction from the suction stroke portion of the working chamber to the vane back pressure chamber is a sphere. By using a valve, the seal becomes a line contact seal and the adhesion of the sphere to the sphere due to the viscosity of the lubricating oil is reduced, and the sphere is released from the sphere due to its own weight and the gas supply passage is open when there is no high or low pressure difference. The influence of the viscosity of the lubricating oil can be eliminated by the inflow of the gas fluid into the gas supply passage before the start of the compressor.

【００５０】また、請求項２に記載の発明のように、球
体弁の構成角度を球体の自重によりガス供給通路が開状
態となる傾斜を持たせることによって、高低圧差が無い
か小さい場合に球体弁の作動力の付加と、球体と球座間
の通路面積を確保することができガス流体の供給を容易
にすることができる。Further, as in the second aspect of the present invention, the spherical valve is formed so that the gas supply passage is opened by the weight of the spherical body so that the gas supply passage is opened. The application of the valve operating force and the passage area between the spherical body and the ball seat can be ensured, and the supply of gas fluid can be facilitated.

【００５１】また、請求項３に記載の発明のように、ガ
ス供給通路を同一の後部側板内に設けガス供給通路の短
縮をすることにより、ガス供給をさらに容易にすること
ができ、ストッパーとしてベーン背圧付与装置本体を利
用することにより組立性の向上を図ることができる。Further, by providing the gas supply passage in the same rear side plate and shortening the gas supply passage, the gas supply can be further facilitated, and the stopper can be used as a stopper. By using the main body of the vane back pressure applying device, the assemblability can be improved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】本発明の一実施例におけるベーン背圧付与装置
の要部拡大断面図FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a vane back pressure applying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】同一実施例のベーンロータリ圧縮機の圧縮部の
断面図FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a compression section of the vane rotary compressor of the same embodiment.

【図３】従来の実施例のベーンロータリ圧縮機の縦断面
図FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional vane rotary compressor.

【図４】従来の実施例におけるベーン背圧付与装置の要
部拡大断面図FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of a vane back pressure applying device in a conventional embodiment.

【図５】従来の実施例のベーンロータリ圧縮機の圧縮部
の断面図FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a compression section of a vane rotary compressor according to a conventional embodiment.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１ シリンダ ２ ロータ ３ ベーンスロット ４ ベーン ５ 駆動軸 ６ 前部側板 ７ 後部側板 ８ 作動室 ９ 吸入口 １０ 吐出口 １１ 吐出弁 １２ 高圧ケース １３ 高圧通路 １４ 高圧室 １５ スクリーン １６ ベーン背圧付与装置本体 １７ ベーン背圧室 １８ 給油通路 １９ 通路 ２０ 球座 ２１ 球体 ２２ プランジャ室 ２３ プランジャ ２４ 圧力導入路 ２５ 下部プランジャ室 ２６，２７，３３，３４ ガス供給通路 ２８，３５ 弁室 ２９ 弁座 ３０ 弁体 ３１ 通孔 ３２ ストッパー ３６ 第２球座 ３７ 第２球体 Reference Signs List 1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 vane slot 4 vane 5 drive shaft 6 front side plate 7 rear side plate 8 working chamber 9 suction port 10 discharge port 11 discharge valve 12 high pressure case 13 high pressure passage 14 high pressure chamber 15 screen 16 vane back pressure applying device body 17 Vane back pressure chamber 18 Oil supply passage 19 Passage 20 Ball seat 21 Spherical body 22 Plunger chamber 23 Plunger 24 Pressure introduction path 25 Lower plunger chamber 26, 27, 33, 34 Gas supply passage 28, 35 Valve room 29 Valve seat 30 Valve body 31 Communication Hole 32 Stopper 36 Second sphere 37 Second sphere

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 筒状内壁を有するシリンダと、このシリ
ンダの内部に配設され、その外周の一部がシリンダ内壁
と微小隙間を形成するロータと、このロータに設けられ
たベーンスロット内に摺動自在に挿入された複数のベー
ンと、前記ロータと一体的に形成され回転自在に軸支さ
れる駆動軸と前記シリンダの両端を閉塞して内部に作動
室を形成する前部側板および後部側板と、前記ロータ外
周とシリンダ内壁が近接している部分を挟んで作動室に
連通する吸入口および吐出口と、この吐出口に設けられ
た吐出弁と、前記吐出口に連通し圧縮された高圧流体中
の潤滑油を分離しかつその下方部分に油溜り部を含む高
圧室を有する高圧ケースと、前記ベーンスロットとベー
ン端部とで形成されるベーン背圧室と、前記高圧室の油
溜り部とを連通する給油通路と、この給油通路を連通遮
断する油路開閉手段を含むベーン背圧付与装置本体と、
一端が前記ベーン背圧室に連通するとともに他端が前記
作動室の吸入行程部に開口するガス供給通路と、このガ
ス供給通路内の流体の流れを前記作動室の吸入行程部分
から前記ベーン背圧室への一方向のみとする球体弁とを
備えたスライディングベーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与
装置。1. A cylinder having a cylindrical inner wall, a rotor arranged inside the cylinder, a part of the outer periphery of which forms a minute gap with the cylinder inner wall, and a slide in a vane slot provided in the rotor. A plurality of vanes movably inserted, a drive shaft formed integrally with the rotor and rotatably supported by the rotor, and a front side plate and a rear side plate closing both ends of the cylinder to form a working chamber therein. A suction port and a discharge port communicating with the working chamber across a portion where the outer periphery of the rotor and the inner wall of the cylinder are close to each other; a discharge valve provided at the discharge port; and a high-pressure compressed through the discharge port. A high-pressure case for separating lubricating oil in a fluid and having a high-pressure chamber including an oil sump in a lower portion thereof, a vane back pressure chamber formed by the vane slot and a vane end, and an oil sump in the high-pressure chamber Communicate with department An oil supply passage, and a vane back pressure applying device main body including an oil passage opening / closing means for interrupting communication with the oil supply passage;
A gas supply passage having one end communicating with the vane back pressure chamber and the other end opening to a suction stroke portion of the working chamber; and a flow of fluid in the gas supply passage from the suction stroke portion of the working chamber to the vane back pressure chamber. A vane back pressure applying device for a sliding vane type compressor including a spherical valve that allows the pressure chamber to move in only one direction. 【請求項２】 球体弁の弁室が球体を弁座から遊離させ
る方向に角度を有する請求項１記載のスライディングベ
ーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与装置。2. The vane back pressure applying device for a sliding vane compressor according to claim 1, wherein the valve chamber of the spherical valve has an angle in a direction in which the spherical body is released from the valve seat. 【請求項３】 球体弁の弁室に連通する少なくとも２本
のガス供給通路を同一の後部側板内に設け、球体弁のス
トッパーを後部側板に配設されたベーン背圧付与装置本
体の端面により構成した請求項１記載のスライディング
ベーン式圧縮機のベーン背圧付与装置。3. At least two gas supply passages communicating with a valve chamber of a spherical valve are provided in the same rear side plate, and a stopper of the spherical valve is provided by an end face of a vane back pressure applying device main body disposed on the rear side plate. The vane back pressure applying device for a sliding vane type compressor according to claim 1, wherein