JPH10159392A - Semidouble air film structure - Google Patents
Semidouble air film structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10159392A JPH10159392A JP31889796A JP31889796A JPH10159392A JP H10159392 A JPH10159392 A JP H10159392A JP 31889796 A JP31889796 A JP 31889796A JP 31889796 A JP31889796 A JP 31889796A JP H10159392 A JPH10159392 A JP H10159392A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- air
- roof
- cable
- indoor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、膜材を用いて膜
屋根を形成し、この膜屋根及び外壁に囲まれた屋内の空
気圧を高めて前記膜屋根を張力状態となし屋根荷重及び
外力に抵抗する構造の空気膜構造物（低ライズケーブル
補強空気膜構造物）に係り、更に言えば、屋内の空気圧
はできるだけ低く保ち、膜屋根が形成する空気室の圧力
を高めて同膜屋根の安定性と剛性を保つ技術の分野に属
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of forming a membrane roof using a membrane material, and increasing the indoor air pressure surrounded by the membrane roof and the outer wall to bring the membrane roof into a tension state and a roof load and an external force. For the air membrane structure with a resistance structure (low rise cable reinforced air membrane structure), more specifically, the indoor air pressure is kept as low as possible, and the pressure of the air chamber formed by the membrane roof is increased to stabilize the same. Belongs to the field of technology to maintain the stiffness and rigidity.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、膜構造により無柱の大規模な施設
を作る建築技術の研究が盛んであり、空気膜構造物は東
京ドームとして実現し供用されている。空気膜構造物
は、図８Ａ，Ｂに概念図を示したように、気密性構造の
外壁１に囲まれた上面に、平面図が図８Ｂのようなコン
プレッションリング７の面内に２次元の格子状に組まれ
たケーブル２の上に膜材３を止着した構成の膜屋根４を
架設し、空気圧により前記膜屋根４を押し上げて支える
構造が特徴であり、屋根の軽快さと屋内の明るさが利点
として広く認識されている。また、デフレート状態（自
由懸垂状態、膜面が収縮し吊り下げられた状態）での施
工が可能であるため、仮設資材の少量化を図れ、施工性
に優れることも特徴である。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been active research on architectural technology for forming large-scale facilities without pillars by means of a membrane structure, and an air membrane structure has been realized and used as Tokyo Dome. As shown in the conceptual views of FIGS. 8A and 8B, the air film structure is two-dimensionally arranged on the upper surface surrounded by the outer wall 1 of the airtight structure and in the plane of the compression ring 7 as shown in FIG. 8B. A membrane roof 4 having a configuration in which a membrane material 3 is fixed on a cable 2 assembled in a lattice shape is installed, and the membrane roof 4 is pushed up and supported by air pressure. Is widely recognized as an advantage. In addition, since the construction can be performed in a deflated state (free suspension state, a state in which the film surface is shrunk and suspended), the amount of temporary materials can be reduced and the workability is excellent.
【０００３】卑近な先行技術例として、特開平５−１８
１４８号公報に記載された空気膜構造物は、保冷、保温
能力の向上を目的として膜屋根を内外に独立した複数層
の空気室で形成した二重膜構造物であり、外側の空気室
には当該膜屋根に張力を保持できる程度の空気圧を付与
し、内側の空気室には屋内の設定温度の冷風又は温風を
送風、循環させる構成とされている。As a conventional example of the prior art, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
The air film structure described in Japanese Patent No. 148 is a double-film structure in which a film roof is formed of a plurality of independent air chambers inside and outside for the purpose of improving cold insulation and heat insulation capacity. Is configured to apply air pressure to the membrane roof enough to maintain tension, and to blow and circulate cold air or hot air at an indoor set temperature to the inner air chamber.
【０００４】[0004]
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】空気膜構造物は、屋
内の空気圧で膜屋根を押し上げて屋根荷重を支持する原
理の構造物であり、外気圧よりも屋内の空気圧（常時空
気圧）を常に高くしておく必要があり、建物の内部と外
部は完全に遮断されている。積雪時や強風、台風時に
は、それらの外力に抵抗するまで屋内圧力を昇圧させる
ことにより膜屋根の剛性、安定性を高めて対処してい
る。膜屋根を支持する屋内圧力の配分を分析すると、屋
根自重を支持する働きの割合は屋内圧力（常時空気圧＝
３０mm水柱）のおよそ半分程度であり、これ以外の圧力
は通例範囲の風による膜屋根の振動（揺れ）を防止する
働きに割かれている。The air film structure is a structure based on the principle of supporting the roof load by pushing up the film roof with the indoor air pressure, and always keeps the indoor air pressure (constant air pressure) higher than the outside air pressure. It must be high and the interior and exterior of the building are completely isolated. During snowfall, strong winds, and typhoons, the indoor pressure is increased to resist the external forces to increase the rigidity and stability of the membrane roof. Analyzing the distribution of indoor pressure to support the membrane roof, the ratio of the work to support the roof's own weight is the indoor pressure (constant air pressure =
The pressure is about half of that of a 30mm water column, and the other pressures are used to prevent vibration (shake) of the membrane roof due to wind in a normal range.
【０００５】上述した空気膜構造物の技術的な問題点を
整理すると、次のようである。 屋内圧力をかけるための送風加圧装置（ファン）及
び関連の送風設備に要するイニシャルコスト、並びにラ
ンニングコストが高い。 風や雪の負荷に対応して膜屋根の適正な架設状態を
保つために必要な２４時間体制の管理と、前記管理に応
答するコンピュ−タ応用の屋内圧力制御のコストが高
い。The technical problems of the air film structure described above are summarized as follows. The initial cost and running cost required for a blower pressurizing device (fan) for applying indoor pressure and related blower equipment are high. The cost of managing the 24-hour system required to maintain the proper construction of the membrane roof in response to the load of wind and snow and the pressure of indoor pressure control applied to a computer responding to the management are high.
【０００６】 屋内圧力を維持、管理するために必要
な気密性の高い建具（ドア、窓サッシ）が必要であり、
また、衛生設備も高価である（例えばトイレのＵ字管部
に作用する排水圧力の設定値が高いため高価となる）。
更に強風、積雪時に屋内圧力を昇圧させると人の出入り
時の漏気による風圧や耳鳴りなどの不快感が問題となる
等々。[0006] Highly airtight fittings (doors, window sashes) required to maintain and manage indoor pressure are required.
In addition, sanitary facilities are expensive (for example, they are expensive because the set value of the drainage pressure acting on the U-tube portion of the toilet is high).
Furthermore, if the indoor pressure is increased during strong winds or snowfall, it may cause discomfort such as wind pressure and tinnitus due to air leakage when people enter and exit.
【０００７】いずれも高い屋内空気圧力が作用すること
に起因する問題点である。しかも、それぞれの構成要素
は屋内の最高圧力を前提として設計、製作されるため、
飛躍的なコスト増をもたらすことが大きな問題点になっ
ている。この点、上記した特開平５−１８１４８号公報
に記載された空気膜構造物のように二重膜構造とした場
合は、屋内を格別加圧する必要はないが、二重膜構造の
膜屋根が梁の如き働きをするために剛性が低く、膜屋根
のせいが大きなものとなって屋内の有効スペースが制限
される問題がある。[0007] Both are problems caused by the high indoor air pressure acting. In addition, each component is designed and manufactured on the premise of the maximum indoor pressure,
Bringing a dramatic increase in costs is a major problem. In this regard, in the case of a double membrane structure like the air membrane structure described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 5-18148, it is not necessary to pressurize the interior of the room. There is a problem that the rigidity is low due to the function as a beam, and the membrane roof is large, which limits the effective indoor space.
【０００８】本発明の目的は、一重空気膜構造（膜屋
根）の利点である軽量性、柔軟性を損なうことなく、二
重空気膜構造の利点を採用したもので、屋内圧力（常時
圧力）を昇圧させることなく、膜屋根の剛性、安定性を
保てるように改良することである。An object of the present invention is to adopt the advantage of a double air film structure without impairing the lightness and flexibility that are the advantages of a single air film structure (membrane roof). The purpose is to improve the rigidity and stability of the membrane roof without increasing the pressure.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の課題を解決するた
めの手段として、請求項１に記載した発明は、膜材を用
いて膜屋根を形成し、この膜屋根及び外壁に囲まれた屋
内の空気圧を高めて前記膜屋根を張力状態となし屋根荷
重及び外力に抵抗する構造の空気膜構造物において、前
記膜屋根は、外気に接する外膜と、屋内側の内膜との二
重膜で形成されており、前記外膜と内膜はその間に屋内
とは独立した空気室を形成しており、膜屋根の前記空気
室及び屋内の空気圧を共通に又は個別に設定及び調節が
可能に構成されていることを特徴とする。As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is to form a membrane roof using a membrane material, and to cover an indoor space surrounded by the membrane roof and an outer wall. An air membrane structure having a structure in which the air pressure of the membrane roof is increased to increase the air pressure of the membrane roof and resist the roof load and an external force, wherein the membrane roof has a double membrane of an outer membrane in contact with the outside air and an inner membrane on the indoor side. The outer membrane and the inner membrane form an air chamber independent of the interior between the outer membrane and the inner membrane, and the air chamber of the membrane roof and the indoor air pressure can be set and adjusted commonly or individually. It is characterized by comprising.
【００１０】前記請求項１に記載した膜屋根を構成する
外膜と内膜は、端部を外壁の上部に支持され中間部を複
数の繋ぎ材で垂直方向に連結された補強ケーブルにおけ
る上側ケーブルの上面側及び下側ケーブルの下面側にそ
れぞれ取付けられていることを特徴とする。前記請求項
１に記載した膜屋根を構成する外膜と内膜は、端部を外
壁の上部に支持されたケーブルトラスにおける上弦材ケ
ーブルの上面側及び下弦材ケーブルの下面側にそれぞれ
取り付けられていることを特徴とする。[0010] The outer membrane and the inner membrane constituting the membrane roof according to the first aspect are upper cables in a reinforcing cable whose ends are supported on the upper part of the outer wall and whose intermediate parts are vertically connected by a plurality of connecting members. Are attached to the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the lower cable, respectively. The outer membrane and the inner membrane constituting the membrane roof according to claim 1 are respectively attached to the upper surface side of the upper chord material cable and the lower surface side of the lower chord material cable in the cable truss whose ends are supported on the upper portion of the outer wall. It is characterized by being.
【００１１】前記請求項１に記載した膜屋根の空気室と
屋内とは、平常時は両者を連通状態として同一圧力を保
ち、強風時又は積雪時等には両者を独立させ、膜屋根の
空気室の圧力を昇圧させることを特徴とする。The air chamber and the indoor of the membrane roof according to the first aspect of the present invention maintain the same pressure in a normal state by keeping the two chambers in communication with each other. The pressure of the chamber is increased.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施形態及び実施例】本願発明は、図８の従来
例と同様に、膜材３を用いて膜屋根４を形成し、この膜
屋根４及び外壁１に囲まれた屋内６の空気圧を高めて前
記膜屋根４を張力状態となし屋根荷重及び外力に抵抗す
る構造の空気膜構造物に実施される。具体的には、図１
と図２に概念図を示したように、前記膜屋根４は、外気
に接する外膜３ａと屋内側の内膜３ｂとの二重膜で形成
され、外壁１の上部のコンプレッションリング７上に架
設されている。前記外膜３ａと内膜３ｂとの間に屋内６
の空間とは独立した空気室８が形成されている。前記外
膜３ａと内膜３ｂとは中間部を複数の繋ぎ材９で垂直方
向に連結され、もって各膜材の膨張状態の形状拘束と安
定性の保持が行われている。そして、膜屋根４の前記空
気室８と屋内６とは、平常時は図１のように連通孔１０
等を開放して両者を共通に同一圧力の状態に保つ。強風
時或いは積雪時等には、図２のように前記連通孔１０を
遮断して両者を独立させ、膜屋根４の空気室８のみその
空気圧を外力に抵抗するまで昇圧させ、膜屋根の安定性
と剛性を保ち、揺れ（振動）を防ぐ対策が講じられる。
従って、この半二重空気膜構造物は、屋内６の空気圧が
従前の数値（例えば３０mm水柱）よりもかなり低くても
（例えば２０mm水柱程度）、外力に対して膜屋根４の安
定性と剛性を十分に保てる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, a membrane roof 4 is formed by using a membrane material 3 as in the conventional example shown in FIG. And the membrane roof 4 is put into a tensioned state, and is applied to an air membrane structure having a structure that resists roof load and external force. Specifically, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2 and a conceptual diagram in FIG. 2, the membrane roof 4 is formed of a double membrane of an outer membrane 3a in contact with the outside air and an inner membrane 3b on the indoor side. It is erected. 6 between the outer membrane 3a and the inner membrane 3b.
An air chamber 8 independent of the space is formed. The outer membrane 3a and the inner membrane 3b are vertically connected at an intermediate portion by a plurality of connecting members 9, so that the shape and restraint of the expanded state of each membrane material are maintained. Then, the air chamber 8 and the indoor 6 of the membrane roof 4 normally communicate with the communication holes 10 as shown in FIG.
, Etc., so that both are kept at the same pressure. At the time of strong wind or snow, etc., as shown in FIG. 2, the communication hole 10 is closed to make the two independent, and only the air pressure of the air chamber 8 of the membrane roof 4 is increased until it resists an external force. Measures are taken to maintain stiffness and rigidity, and to prevent shaking (vibration).
Therefore, even if the air pressure in the indoor 6 is considerably lower than the previous value (for example, about 30 mm water column) (for example, about 20 mm water column), the stability and rigidity of the membrane roof 4 against external force can be improved. Can be kept enough.
【００１３】前記膜屋根４の構築は、大別して図３Ａ〜
Ｄのように実施される。図３Ａの実施例は、両端をコン
プレッションリング７に支持された補強ケーブル２が、
上側ケーブル２ａと下側ケーブル２ｂ、及びこれらの中
間部位を垂直方向に連結する繋ぎケーブル９とで構成さ
れている。そして、前記上側ケーブル２ａの上面側に外
膜３ａが、下側ケーブル２ｂの下面側に外膜３ｂが、そ
れぞれ前記繋ぎケーブル９の各連結点を利用して取り付
けられている。The construction of the membrane roof 4 is roughly divided into FIGS.
D is performed as shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3A, the reinforcing cable 2 having both ends supported by the compression ring 7 includes:
It is composed of an upper cable 2a, a lower cable 2b, and a connecting cable 9 for vertically connecting intermediate portions thereof. An outer membrane 3a is attached to the upper surface of the upper cable 2a, and an outer membrane 3b is attached to the lower surface of the lower cable 2b by using each connection point of the connecting cable 9.
【００１４】図３Ｂは基本的に図３Ａと同じく補強ケー
ブル２を使用した実施例であるが、各繋ぎケーブル９の
配置ピッチの中間部に更に中間繋ぎ１１を複数連結し
て、外膜３ａと内膜３ｂとの形状拘束の効果を高めた実
施例を示している。図３Ｃは、補強ケーブルに代わるケ
ーブルトラス５を採用した実施例を示している。図３Ｃ
のケーブルトラス５は、上弦材ケーブル５ａと下弦材ケ
ーブル５ｂ及びこれらを垂直方向に連結する繋ぎ材９、
並びに隣合う繋ぎ材９の各連結点を斜めに連結するブレ
ースケーブル５ｃとで構成されている。上弦材ケーブル
５ａの上面側に外膜３ａが、下弦材ケーブル５ｂの下面
側に外膜３ｂが、それぞれ前記繋ぎ材９の各連結点を利
用して取り付けられている。FIG. 3B shows an embodiment in which the reinforcing cable 2 is basically used similarly to FIG. 3A, but a plurality of intermediate joints 11 are further connected to an intermediate portion of the arrangement pitch of each connecting cable 9 so that the outer membrane 3a An embodiment is shown in which the effect of shape restriction with the inner membrane 3b is enhanced. FIG. 3C shows an embodiment employing a cable truss 5 instead of a reinforcing cable. FIG. 3C
The cable truss 5 includes an upper chord cable 5a and a lower chord cable 5b, and a connecting member 9 for connecting these vertically.
And a brace cable 5c for connecting each connecting point of adjacent connecting members 9 diagonally. The outer membrane 3a is attached to the upper surface side of the upper chord material cable 5a, and the outer membrane 3b is attached to the lower surface side of the lower chord material cable 5b by using the connection points of the connecting members 9, respectively.
【００１５】図４は更に具体的に、図３Ｃのケーブルト
ラス５の構成と各膜材の取付け構造の詳細を示してい
る。上弦材５ａ，５ａ同士及び下弦材５ｂ，５ｂ同士は
それぞれ上下に対称な構造で連結されている。即ち、一
方向のケーブル５ａの上下を挟む一対のケーブルホルダ
ー１２、１２は垂直方向に配置したボルト１３と膜取付
け金物１４とで連結される。前記ボルト１３と膜取付け
金物１４との結合部には、膜押さえ１５を介して外膜３
ａ又は内膜３ｂがそれぞれ上下に対称な構成で取り付け
られている。一方、上下に相対峙する関係のケーブルホ
ルダー１２に設けた繋ぎ材連結部１６、１６の間に、繋
ぎ材ケーブル９の上下両端が連結されている。更に、各
方向のブレースケーブル５ｃの端部も前記繋ぎ材連結部
１６に連結されている。FIG. 4 shows the structure of the cable truss 5 shown in FIG. 3C and the details of the mounting structure of each membrane material. The upper chord members 5a, 5a and the lower chord members 5b, 5b are connected to each other in a vertically symmetric structure. That is, the pair of cable holders 12 sandwiching the upper and lower portions of the cable 5a in one direction are connected by the bolts 13 and the metal fittings 14 arranged vertically. At the joint between the bolt 13 and the metal fitting 14, the outer membrane 3 is
a or the inner membrane 3b is attached in a vertically symmetrical configuration. On the other hand, the upper and lower ends of the connecting member cable 9 are connected between connecting member connecting portions 16 provided on the cable holder 12 facing each other vertically. Further, the ends of the brace cables 5c in each direction are also connected to the connecting member connecting portion 16.
【００１６】次に、図３Ｄは同じくケーブルトラス５を
使用した実施例であるが、このケーブルトラス５は繋ぎ
材９を使用せず、ブレースケーブル５ｃが上・下弦材の
間でジグザグの三角形状に連結された構成を示してい
る。次に、図５〜図７は膜屋根４の空気室８と屋内６の
空気圧を共通に又は個別に設定し或いは調節する手段の
異なる実施例を示している。Next, FIG. 3D shows an embodiment in which the cable truss 5 is also used. The cable truss 5 does not use the connecting member 9 and the brace cable 5c has a zigzag triangular shape between the upper and lower chord members. Shows the configuration linked to. 5 to 7 show different embodiments of the means for setting or adjusting the air pressure of the air chamber 8 of the membrane roof 4 and the air pressure of the indoor 6 commonly or individually.
【００１７】まず図５は、１台の送風機２０を共通に使
用する例で、吸い込み管２２で屋外の空気を取り入れる
送風機２０の吐出管２１は、途中で屋内行き管２１Ａと
屋根空気室行き管２１Ｂとに分岐され、その分岐点に切
替えと風量制御装置を兼ねたダンパー２３が設置されて
いる。図５Ａは平常時を示し、ダンパー２３は中立位置
とされ、送風機２０の送風は屋内６と屋根の空気室８と
へ平等に分配され、両室は同一の空気圧に保たれてい
る。この時の平常時空気圧は２０mm水柱程度で十分であ
る。図５Ｂは強風時又は積雪時など膜屋根４に作用する
外力に抵抗して振動防止、安定性の向上が必要な時で、
前記ダンパー２３は屋根空気室行き管２１Ｂの側に傾け
られ、送風機２０による送風の大部分は屋根の空気室８
へ配分され、必然的に空気室８の空気圧は例えば３０mm
水柱程度に高められている。他方、屋内行き管２１Ａへ
は漏気を補償する程度の分量の送風が行われ、依然とし
て前記の平常時空気圧（例えば２０mm水柱程度）が保た
れる。FIG. 5 shows an example in which a single blower 20 is used in common. The discharge pipe 21 of the blower 20 that takes in outdoor air through the suction pipe 22 has an indoor going pipe 21A and a roof air chamber going pipe on the way. 21B, and a damper 23 serving as a switch and an air volume control device is installed at the branch point. FIG. 5A shows a normal state, in which the damper 23 is in the neutral position, the air blower 20 is evenly distributed to the indoor 6 and the air chamber 8 on the roof, and both chambers are kept at the same air pressure. At this time, a normal air pressure of about 20 mm water column is sufficient. FIG. 5B shows a case in which it is necessary to prevent vibration and improve stability by resisting an external force acting on the membrane roof 4 such as in a strong wind or snow.
The damper 23 is inclined toward the roof air chamber going pipe 21 </ b> B, and most of the air blown by the blower 20 is supplied to the roof air chamber 8.
And the air pressure of the air chamber 8 is inevitably 30 mm, for example.
It is raised to the water column level. On the other hand, a sufficient amount of air is blown to the indoor going pipe 21A to compensate for air leakage, and the above-mentioned normal air pressure (for example, about 20 mm water column) is still maintained.
【００１８】次に、図６もまた、１台の送風機２０を共
通に使用する実施例であるが、屋外の空気を取り入れる
送風機２０の吐出管２１は膜屋根４の空気室８とのみ接
続されている。一方、屋内６と空気室８との連通孔２４
に風量制御装置としてのダンパー２３が設置されてい
る。図６Ａは平常時を示し、連通孔２４のダンパー２３
は中立位置とされ、送風機２０による送風は一旦空気室
８へ供給されるが、全開の連通孔２４を通じて屋内６へ
も分配され、両室は同一の空気圧に保たれている。図５
Ｂは強風時又は積雪時など膜屋根４に作用する外力に抵
抗して振動防止、安定性の向上などが必要な時で、前記
ダンパー２３は閉鎖近傍の位置とされ、送風機２０の送
風の大部分は屋根の空気室８へ配分され、必然的に空気
室８の空気圧は例えば３０mm水柱程度に高められてい
る。他方、若干開いている連通孔２４からは屋内６の漏
気を補償する程度の分量の通風が行われ、屋内６は依然
として前記の平常時空気圧程度が保たれる。Next, FIG. 6 is also an embodiment in which one blower 20 is commonly used. The discharge pipe 21 of the blower 20 for taking in outdoor air is connected only to the air chamber 8 of the membrane roof 4. ing. On the other hand, the communication hole 24 between the indoor 6 and the air chamber 8
Is provided with a damper 23 as an air volume control device. FIG. 6A shows a normal state, and the damper 23 of the communication hole 24 is shown.
Is set to a neutral position, and the air blown by the blower 20 is once supplied to the air chamber 8, but is also distributed to the indoor 6 through the communication hole 24 which is fully opened, and both chambers are maintained at the same air pressure. FIG.
B is a time when strong wind or snow is required to prevent vibration and improve stability by resisting external force acting on the membrane roof 4. The damper 23 is located near the closed position, and the blower 20 blows a large amount of air. The portion is distributed to the air chamber 8 of the roof, and the air pressure of the air chamber 8 is inevitably increased to, for example, about 30 mm water column. On the other hand, ventilation is performed from the slightly open communication hole 24 to a degree that compensates for air leakage in the indoor 6, and the indoor 6 is still maintained at the normal air pressure.
【００１９】次に、図７は、屋内用と膜屋根用に専用す
る２台の送風機２０Ａ、２０Ｂを使用する実施例を示し
ている。それぞれ屋外の空気を取り入れることに変わり
ないが、屋内用の送風機２０Ａはその能力が平常時圧力
（例えば２０mm水柱）を達成する程度のものとされ、そ
の吐出管２１は屋内６にのみ接続されている。膜屋根用
の送風機２０Ｂは、その能力が積雪時などの外力に抵抗
して膜屋根の揺れを防ぎ或いは必要な剛性、安定性を保
つのに必要な空気圧（例えば３０mm水柱）を達成する程
度のものとされ、その吐出管２１は膜屋根４の空気室８
とのみ接続されている。そして、屋内６と空気室８との
連通孔２４に風量制御装置としてのダンパー２３が設置
されている。図７Ａは平常時を示している。このとき連
通孔２４のダンパー２３は中立位置とされ、屋内用の送
風機２０Ａのみが運転され、その送風は一端屋内６へ供
給されるが、全開の連通孔２４を通じて膜屋根の空気室
８へも分配され、両室は同一の空気圧に保たれている。
図７Ｂは強風時又は積雪時など膜屋根４に作用する外力
に抵抗して振動防止、安定性の向上などが必要な時で、
前記ダンパー２３は完全に閉鎖され、２台の送風機２０
Ａ と２０Ｂが同時に運転され、各送風機の働きにより
空気室８の空気圧は３０mm水柱程度に高められ、屋内６
へは漏気を補償する程度の送風が行われ平常時の空気圧
程度が保たれている。Next, FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which two blowers 20A and 20B dedicated for indoor use and for membrane roof are used. Although it is still the same as taking in the outdoor air, the indoor blower 20A has a capacity capable of achieving a normal pressure (for example, a water column of 20 mm), and its discharge pipe 21 is connected only to the indoor 6. I have. The membrane roof blower 20B has such a capacity that the ability to resist the external force such as the snowfall or the like to prevent the membrane roof from shaking or to achieve the air pressure (for example, 30 mm water column) required to maintain the required rigidity and stability. The discharge pipe 21 is connected to the air chamber 8 of the membrane roof 4.
And only connected. Further, a damper 23 as an air volume control device is installed in a communication hole 24 between the indoor 6 and the air chamber 8. FIG. 7A shows a normal state. At this time, the damper 23 of the communication hole 24 is set to the neutral position, and only the indoor blower 20A is operated, and the air is supplied to the indoor 6 once, but also to the air chamber 8 of the membrane roof through the communication hole 24 which is fully opened. The two chambers are kept at the same air pressure.
FIG. 7B shows a case in which it is necessary to prevent vibration and improve stability by resisting an external force acting on the membrane roof 4 such as in a strong wind or snow.
The damper 23 is completely closed and the two blowers 20
A and 20B are operated at the same time, and the air pressure of the air chamber 8 is increased to about 30 mm water column by the operation of each blower.
Air is blown to the extent that air leaks are compensated for, and the air pressure in normal times is maintained.
【００２０】[0020]
【本発明が奏する効果】本発明の半二重空気膜構造物に
よれば、空気膜構造物本来の特長、即ち、軽量性と柔軟
性、或いは屋内の明るさを失うことなく、強風時或いは
積雪時などには膜屋根４の空気室８の空気圧のみの調整
によって、屋内６の空気圧は従前の約２／３程度（２０
mm水柱程度）の平常時空気圧に保持したまま、外力に十
分抵抗して膜屋根の剛性、安定性を保つことが出来る。
従って、屋内圧力を付与するための送風加圧装置（ファ
ン）及び関連の送風設備の能力をかなり格下げ出来、そ
れらに要するイニシャルコスト、ランニングコストの低
減が可能である。また、強風や積雪の負荷に対応して膜
屋根の適正な架設状態を保つために必要とされる２４時
間体制の管理もかなり緩和され、前記管理に応答するコ
ンピュ−タ応用の屋内圧力制御の頻度も著しく軽減化さ
れ、制御を省ける時間の割合が支配的となるので、その
分コストが低減される。更に、屋内圧力を維持、管理す
るために必要な気密性の性能が緩和された建具（ドア、
窓サッシ）の使用、或いは圧力の設定値が緩和された衛
生設備の使用が可能となり、それらのコストダウンが図
れる。強風、積雪時に屋内圧力を昇圧させる度合いが少
ないから、必然、人の出入りにも支障が少ない空気膜構
造物を提供出来る。According to the half-duplex air film structure of the present invention, the original characteristics of the air film structure, that is, lightness and flexibility, or loss of indoor brightness during strong winds or At the time of snow, etc., the air pressure of the indoor 6 is adjusted to about 2/3 (20 times) by adjusting only the air pressure of the air chamber 8 of the membrane roof 4.
While maintaining the air pressure in the normal state (approximately mm water column), it can sufficiently resist external force and maintain the rigidity and stability of the membrane roof.
Therefore, the capacity of the blower pressurizing device (fan) and the related blower for applying indoor pressure can be considerably downgraded, and the initial cost and running cost required for them can be reduced. In addition, the management of the 24-hour system required to maintain the proper construction of the membrane roof in response to the load of strong winds and snowfall is considerably eased, and the indoor pressure control of the computer application responding to the management is considerably eased. The frequency is also significantly reduced, and the proportion of time in which control can be omitted becomes dominant, so that the cost is reduced accordingly. In addition, fittings (doors, doors, etc.) with reduced airtightness required to maintain and manage indoor pressure
The use of window sashes or the use of sanitary equipment with reduced pressure set values is possible, and their costs can be reduced. Since the degree of increasing the indoor pressure during strong winds and snowfall is small, it is possible to provide an air film structure that inevitably prevents humans from getting in and out.
【図１】本発明に係る半二重空気膜構造物の平常状態を
概念的に示した立面図である。FIG. 1 is an elevational view conceptually showing a normal state of a half-duplex air film structure according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る半二重空気膜構造物の強風、積雪
時などの状態を概念的に示した立面図である。FIG. 2 is an elevational view conceptually showing a state of the half-duplex air film structure according to the present invention, such as a strong wind and snow.
【図３】Ａは補強ケーブルの構成と膜材の取付け構造を
概念的に示した立面図、Ｂはやはり補強ケーブルの構成
と膜材の取付け構造の異なる例を概念的に示した立面
図、Ｃはケーブルトラスの構成と膜材の取付け構造を概
念的に示した立面図、Ｄはやはりケーブルトラスの構成
と膜材の取付け構造の異なる例を概念的に示した立面図
である。FIG. 3A is an elevational view conceptually showing a configuration of a reinforcing cable and a mounting structure of a membrane material, and FIG. 3B is an elevational view conceptually showing a different example of a configuration of a reinforcing cable and a mounting structure of a membrane material. FIG. C is an elevational view conceptually showing the structure of the cable truss and the mounting structure of the membrane material, and D is an elevational view conceptually showing a different example of the structure of the cable truss and the mounting structure of the film material. is there.
【図４】図３Ｃの構造詳細を示した主要部の立面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is an elevational view of a main part showing details of the structure of FIG. 3C.
【図５】ＡとＢは平常時と積雪時などに膜屋根の空気室
と屋内の空気圧を共通に又は個別に調整する手段を概念
的に示した立面図である。FIGS. 5A and 5B are elevation views conceptually showing means for adjusting the air pressure in the air chamber of the membrane roof and the indoor air commonly or individually during normal times and during snowfall.
【図６】ＡとＢは平常時と積雪時などに膜屋根の空気室
と屋内の空気圧を共通に又は個別に調整する手段の異な
る例を概念的に示した立面図である。FIGS. 6A and 6B are elevation views conceptually showing different examples of means for adjusting the air pressure of the membrane roof and the indoor air pressure commonly or individually during normal times and during snowfall.
【図７】ＡとＢは平常時と積雪時などに膜屋根の空気室
と屋内の空気圧を共通に又は個別に調整する手段の異な
る例を概念的に示した立面図である。FIGS. 7A and 7B are elevation views conceptually showing different examples of means for adjusting the air pressure on the membrane roof and the indoor air pressure commonly or individually in normal times and during snowfall.
【図８】Ａは従来の空気膜構造物を概念的に示した立面
図、Ｂは平面図である。FIG. 8A is an elevation view conceptually showing a conventional air film structure, and FIG. 8B is a plan view.
４ 膜屋根 １ 外壁 ６ 屋内 ３ａ 外膜 ３ｂ 内膜 ８ 空気室 ９ 繋ぎ材 ２ 補強ケーブル ２ａ 上側ケーブル ２ｂ 下側ケーブル ５ ケーブルトラス ５ａ 上弦材ケーブル ５ｂ 下弦材ケーブル 4 Membrane Roof 1 Outer Wall 6 Indoor 3a Outer Membrane 3b Inner Membrane 8 Air Chamber 9 Connecting Material 2 Reinforcement Cable 2a Upper Cable 2b Lower Cable 5 Cable Truss 5a Upper Chord Cable 5b Lower Chord Cable
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 丹野 吉雄 東京都中央区銀座八丁目21番１号 株式会 社竹中工務店東京本店内 (72)発明者 深尾 康三 千葉県印西市大塚一丁目５番地１ 株式会 社竹中工務店技術研究所内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Tanno 8-21-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Takenaka Corporation Tokyo Main Store (72) Inventor Kozo Fukao 1-5-5 Otsuka, Inzai City, Chiba Prefecture Address 1 Inside Takenaka Corporation Technical Research Institute
Claims (4)
根と外壁に囲まれた屋内の空気圧を高めて前記膜屋根を
張力状態となし屋根荷重及び外力に抵抗する構造の空気
膜構造物において、 前記膜屋根は、外気に接する外膜と、屋内側の内膜との
二重膜で形成されており、前記外膜と内膜はその間に屋
内とは独立した空気室を形成しており、膜屋根の前記空
気室及び屋内の空気圧を共通に又は個別に設定及び調節
が可能に構成されていることを特徴とする、半二重空気
膜構造物。1. An air membrane having a structure in which a membrane roof is formed using a membrane material, and the air pressure in a room surrounded by the membrane roof and an outer wall is increased to make the membrane roof in a tension state and to resist a roof load and an external force. In the structure, the membrane roof is formed of a double membrane of an outer membrane that is in contact with the outside air and an inner membrane on the indoor side, and the outer membrane and the inner membrane form an air chamber therebetween that is independent of the indoor. A half-duplex air membrane structure, wherein the air pressure of the air chamber and the indoor air of the membrane roof can be set and adjusted commonly or individually.
膜と内膜は、端部を外壁の上部に支持され中間部を複数
の繋ぎ材で垂直方向に連結された補強ケーブルにおける
上側ケーブルの上面側及び下側ケーブルの下面側にそれ
ぞれ取付けられていることを特徴とする、半二重空気膜
構造物。2. An outer membrane and an inner membrane constituting the membrane roof according to claim 1, wherein an end portion is supported on an upper portion of the outer wall, and an intermediate portion is vertically connected to a middle portion by a plurality of connecting members. A half-duplex air film structure, which is attached to an upper surface of a cable and a lower surface of a lower cable, respectively.
膜と内膜は、端部を外壁の上部に支持されたケーブルト
ラスにおける上弦材ケーブルの上面側及び下弦材ケーブ
ルの下面側にそれぞれ取り付けられていることを特徴と
する、半二重空気膜構造物。3. An outer membrane and an inner membrane constituting the membrane roof according to claim 1, wherein an end portion is provided on an upper surface side of an upper chord material cable and a lower surface side of a lower chord material cable in a cable truss supported on an upper portion of an outer wall. A half-duplex air film structure, each of which is attached.
内とは、平常時は両者を連通状態として同一圧力を保
ち、強風時又は積雪時等には両者を独立させ、膜屋根の
空気室の圧力を昇圧させることを特徴とする、半二重空
気膜構造物。4. The air chamber and the indoor of the membrane roof according to claim 1 keep the same pressure in a normal state by keeping them in communication with each other, and make them independent during a strong wind or snowy season. A half-duplex air film structure characterized by increasing the pressure of an air chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31889796A JP3704671B2 (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Half-duplex air membrane structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31889796A JP3704671B2 (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Half-duplex air membrane structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10159392A true JPH10159392A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
| JP3704671B2 JP3704671B2 (en) | 2005-10-12 |
Family
ID=18104196
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31889796A Expired - Fee Related JP3704671B2 (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Half-duplex air membrane structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3704671B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2005017421A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2007-10-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Coating material for solar thermal power generation system and solar thermal power generation system extending the same |
| WO2009131847A3 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-12-23 | Prueitt Melvin L | Compressed-air rigid building blocks |
| KR100974832B1 (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-08-11 | 주식회사 타이가 | Lens type double membrane air structure |
| KR101371770B1 (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-11 | 조병욱 | Lens type double membrane air structure |
| CN109779029A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 马会环 | Aluminium alloy cable-membrane analysis and its method of construction for space base |
-
1996
- 1996-11-29 JP JP31889796A patent/JP3704671B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2005017421A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2007-10-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Coating material for solar thermal power generation system and solar thermal power generation system extending the same |
| JP5011726B2 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2012-08-29 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Coating material for solar thermal power generation system and solar thermal power generation system extending the same |
| WO2009131847A3 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-12-23 | Prueitt Melvin L | Compressed-air rigid building blocks |
| KR100974832B1 (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-08-11 | 주식회사 타이가 | Lens type double membrane air structure |
| KR101371770B1 (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-11 | 조병욱 | Lens type double membrane air structure |
| CN109779029A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-21 | 马会环 | Aluminium alloy cable-membrane analysis and its method of construction for space base |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3704671B2 (en) | 2005-10-12 |
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