JPH1015380A - Plasma type fluidized bed furnace - Google Patents
Plasma type fluidized bed furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1015380A JPH1015380A JP8173133A JP17313396A JPH1015380A JP H1015380 A JPH1015380 A JP H1015380A JP 8173133 A JP8173133 A JP 8173133A JP 17313396 A JP17313396 A JP 17313396A JP H1015380 A JPH1015380 A JP H1015380A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fluidized bed
- plasma
- bed furnace
- furnace
- type fluidized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1836—Heating and cooling the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/42—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed subjected to electric current or to radiations this sub-group includes the fluidised bed subjected to electric or magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00433—Controlling the temperature using electromagnetic heating
- B01J2208/00442—Microwaves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0894—Processes carried out in the presence of a plasma
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、高周波誘導コイル
により生じるプラズマを利用して流動層の被処理物質の
反応、例えば黒鉛廃棄物の燃焼処理、あるいは、合成樹
脂類の廃棄物の炭化、ガス化処理等を効果的に行うプラ
ズマ式流動層炉に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the reaction of a substance to be treated in a fluidized bed using plasma generated by a high-frequency induction coil, for example, combustion treatment of graphite waste, carbonization of synthetic resin waste, gas The present invention relates to a plasma-type fluidized-bed furnace for effectively performing a gasification treatment and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図６は、従来の流動層炉の基本構成を模
式的に示す断面図である。円筒状の炉容器６１は、中心
軸を鉛直方向として配されており、その下端には流動化
ガス導入口６３が、また上端には排気ガス排出口６５が
設けられている。炉容器６１の内部の下方には流動化ガ
ス導入口６３より導入された流動化ガスの流れを整流す
る整流板６２が組み込まれており、この整流板６２の上
に、炉容器６１の上部壁面に開口を設けて組み込まれた
被処理物供給器６４から供給される粒状の被処理物２０
が搭載される。なお「粒状」とは、図に模式的に示した
球状のみならず、楕円体の形状、黒鉛の破砕粒のごとき
形状、および概略直方体（六面体）もしくは三角錐（四
面体）の形状、ならびにいわゆる金平糖のごとく表面に
突出部を備えた形状をも含むものを言う。また、炉容器
６１には、整流板６２の下部に助燃用バーナー６６が、
また整流板６２の上部に補助バーナー６７が配されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing the basic structure of a conventional fluidized bed furnace. The cylindrical furnace vessel 61 has a central axis arranged in a vertical direction, a fluidizing gas inlet 63 at a lower end thereof, and an exhaust gas outlet 65 at an upper end thereof. A rectifying plate 62 for rectifying the flow of the fluidizing gas introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet 63 is incorporated below the inside of the furnace container 61, and the upper wall surface of the furnace container 61 is placed on the rectifying plate 62. Object 20 supplied from the object supply device 64 incorporated with an opening in
Is mounted. The term “granular” refers not only to the spherical shape schematically shown in the figure, but also to the shape of an ellipsoid, the shape of crushed graphite, and the shape of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped (hexahedron) or triangular pyramid (tetrahedron), and so-called It also refers to one that includes a shape with protrusions on the surface, such as confetti. Further, in the furnace vessel 61, a burner 66 for assisting combustion is provided below the current plate 62.
An auxiliary burner 67 is provided above the current plate 62.
【０００３】本構成の流動層炉においては、流動化ガス
導入口６３より導入され整流板６２で整流された流動化
ガスにより、整流板６２の上に搭載された粒状の被処理
物２０に抗力を加え、自身に加わる重力とのバランスに
より被処理物２０の流動層を形成し、助燃用バーナー６
６あるいは補助バーナー６７によって空気、あるいは反
応ガスを加熱して処理温度を所定の温度に維持し、被処
理物２０の反応、例えば廃棄物の焼却、あるいは、プラ
スチックの油化等を行っている。また、例えば黒鉛の燃
焼処理のごとき自燃性の処理の場合には、バーナーによ
り点火し、自燃状態に移行すると、加温した空気、ある
いは反応ガスを供給して反応を持続させる方法が採られ
ている。[0003] In the fluidized bed furnace of this configuration, the fluidized gas introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet 63 and rectified by the rectifying plate 62 drags the granular workpiece 20 mounted on the rectifying plate 62 into a drag. To form a fluidized bed of the object to be treated 20 by balance with the gravity applied thereto,
The processing temperature is maintained at a predetermined temperature by heating the air or the reaction gas by the 6 or the auxiliary burner 67, and the reaction of the processing object 20, for example, incineration of waste or oiling of plastic is performed. Further, in the case of a self-combustion treatment such as a graphite combustion treatment, a method is employed in which the reaction is sustained by supplying heated air or a reaction gas when the fuel is ignited by a burner and the state shifts to a self-combustion state. I have.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように、従来の
流動層炉はバーナーを用いて加熱しているので、被処理
物２０の温度は雰囲気の温度とほぼ同等であり、反応の
処理速度は、通常の熱化学反応により律せられる。すな
わち、バーナーの火炎中は活性に富んだプラズマ状態と
なっているが、バーナーの性質上、その領域は極く狭い
領域に限定され、流動層の過半は雰囲気の温度とほぼ同
等に保持される。また、バーナーにより加熱する方式で
は、燃焼を伴うので、例えば酸素による酸化性雰囲気、
あるいは水素による還元性雰囲気を作るのは困難であ
る。これらの雰囲気を形成する方式としては、炉の外側
に配した熱源を用いて炉壁を通じての熱伝達により内部
の雰囲気ガスを加熱する方式があるが、熱効率が著しく
低いという難点がある。As described above, since the conventional fluidized bed furnace is heated using a burner, the temperature of the object 20 is substantially equal to the temperature of the atmosphere, and the processing speed of the reaction is increased. Is governed by normal thermochemical reactions. In other words, the burner is in an active plasma state during the flame, but due to the nature of the burner, its area is limited to an extremely narrow area, and the majority of the fluidized bed is maintained at almost the same temperature as the atmosphere. . In the method of heating with a burner, since combustion is involved, for example, an oxidizing atmosphere with oxygen,
Alternatively, it is difficult to create a reducing atmosphere with hydrogen. As a method of forming these atmospheres, there is a method of heating an internal atmosphere gas by heat transfer through a furnace wall using a heat source disposed outside the furnace, but has a drawback that thermal efficiency is extremely low.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、酸化性あるいは還元性の
高活性の雰囲気が容易に得られ、かつ熱効率が高く、広
い用途に利用できる流動床炉を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed furnace which can easily obtain an oxidizing or reducing highly active atmosphere, has high thermal efficiency, and can be used for a wide range of applications.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明においては、 （１）プラズマ式流動層炉を、下部に流動化ガス導入口
を備えた炉容器の内部に粒状の被処理物を搭載する整流
板を備え、炉容器の外側に同心状に配された高周波誘導
コイルを備えて構成し、流動化ガス導入口より流動化ガ
スを導入し、整流板に搭載された粒状の被処理物を流動
化ガスによる抗力と重力とによって流動層として保持
し、高周波誘導コイルの発生する高周波磁場により電磁
誘導で生じるプラズマを用いて、被処理物を反応させる
こととする。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: (1) a plasma type fluidized bed furnace in which a granular fluidized-bed furnace is provided inside a furnace vessel provided with a fluidizing gas inlet at a lower part thereof; Equipped with a rectifying plate for mounting the object to be processed, a high-frequency induction coil concentrically arranged outside the furnace vessel, and a fluidizing gas was introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet and mounted on the rectifying plate. The granular object to be processed is held as a fluidized bed by the drag and the gravity of the fluidizing gas, and the object to be processed is reacted using plasma generated by electromagnetic induction by a high-frequency magnetic field generated by a high-frequency induction coil.
【０００７】（２）さらに、（１）のプラズマ式流動層
炉において、炉容器の流動層の上部に位置する壁面に、
粒状の被処理物を外部より整流板の上へと供給する被処
理物供給手段を備えることとする。 （３）さらに、（１）または（２）のプラズマ式流動層
炉において、流動床の下部に、被処理物を外部より整流
板の上へと供給する第２の被処理物供給手段を備えるこ
ととする。(2) Further, in the plasma type fluidized bed furnace of (1), a wall located above the fluidized bed of the furnace vessel has
A workpiece supply means for supplying the granular workpiece from the outside onto the current plate is provided. (3) Further, in the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to (1) or (2), a second workpiece supply means for supplying the workpiece from the outside onto the straightening plate is provided below the fluidized bed. It shall be.
【０００８】（４）また、（１）〜（３）のプラズマ式
流動層炉において、被処理物が反応するプラズマ領域の
上部に、燃焼ガスを導入してガスを燃焼させる副燃焼室
を備えることとする。 （５）また、（１）〜（４）のプラズマ式流動層炉にお
いて、運転時に炉容器の内部の圧力を減圧状態に保持す
ることとする。(4) Further, in the plasma type fluidized bed furnace of (1) to (3), a sub-combustion chamber for introducing a combustion gas and burning the gas is provided above the plasma region where the object to be treated reacts. It shall be. (5) In the plasma type fluidized bed furnace of (1) to (4), the pressure inside the furnace vessel is maintained at a reduced pressure during operation.
【０００９】（６）また、（１）〜（５）のプラズマ式
流動層炉において、流動化ガス導入口より導入される流
動化ガスを、炉容器より排出された排出ガスを用いて加
熱される熱交換器により加熱して供給することとする。 上記の（１）のごとく、内部に粒状の被処理物を搭載す
る整流板を備えた炉容器の外側に同心状に高周波誘導コ
イルを配置し、高周波電流を通電すれば、炉容器の内部
に高周波磁界が形成され、この磁界により電磁誘導作用
により電界が生じ、さらにこの電界によりプラズマが生
成、維持されることとなる。このように生成されたプラ
ズマは、活性度が非常に高く反応性に富んでおり、その
温度は 5000 ℃を越え、場合によっては 10000℃をこえ
る。したがって、このプラズマを用いれば、例えば酸素
による酸化性雰囲気、あるいは水素による還元性雰囲気
を容易に長時間、安定して作ることができる。このよう
にして形成された雰囲気下において流動層を形成すれ
ば、被処理物が高温高活性のプラズマに直接接触するこ
ととなるので、熱化学反応のみならず、イオン、電子、
ラジカル活性種の関与したプラズマ化学反応を利用し、
効果的な反応を行うことができる。(6) In the plasma type fluidized bed furnace of (1) to (5), the fluidizing gas introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet is heated by using the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace vessel. The heat is supplied by a heat exchanger. As described in (1) above, if a high-frequency induction coil is concentrically arranged outside a furnace vessel provided with a rectifying plate on which a granular workpiece is mounted and a high-frequency current is supplied, the inside of the furnace vessel becomes A high-frequency magnetic field is formed, and the magnetic field generates an electric field by an electromagnetic induction action, and the electric field generates and maintains plasma. The plasma generated in this way is very active and highly reactive, its temperature exceeding 5000 ° C and in some cases exceeding 10,000 ° C. Therefore, if this plasma is used, for example, an oxidizing atmosphere with oxygen or a reducing atmosphere with hydrogen can be easily and stably formed for a long time. If a fluidized bed is formed under the atmosphere thus formed, the object to be processed comes into direct contact with high-temperature and high-activity plasma, so that not only thermochemical reactions but also ions, electrons,
Utilizing plasma chemical reaction involving radical active species,
An effective reaction can be performed.
【００１０】また、このプラズマ式流動層炉を（２）の
ごとくに構成すれば、被処理物を連続して供給すること
ができるので、より効率的に反応させることができる。
さらにこのプラズマ式流動層炉を（３）のごとくに構成
すれば、粒子が微小で飛散しやすい被処理物にあって
も、容易に整流板の上に供給できることとなる。さら
に、二つの被処理物供給手段より供給された二つの被処
理物を混合して反応させることができる。また、第２の
被処理物供給手段より供給される被処理物を棒状体とす
れば、粒状の被処理物と棒状の被処理物を混合して反応
させることができる。Further, if the plasma type fluidized bed furnace is configured as shown in (2), the object to be processed can be continuously supplied, so that the reaction can be performed more efficiently.
Further, if this plasma type fluidized bed furnace is configured as shown in (3), even if the processing target is minute and particles are easily scattered, it can be easily supplied onto the rectifying plate. Further, the two workpieces supplied from the two workpiece supply means can be mixed and reacted. Further, if the processing object supplied from the second processing object supply means is a rod-shaped body, the granular processing object and the rod-shaped processing object can be mixed and reacted.
【００１１】また、（４）のごとくとすれば、プラズマ
領域を通過した被処理物の未処理物質が、副燃焼室にお
いて導入した燃焼ガスにより燃焼されるので、炉外へ排
出される未処理物質による粉塵量が抑制される。また、
（５）のごとくとすれば、炉容器の内部のガスの密度の
低下とともに熱密度が低下し、被処理物の温度を低く抑
えることが可能となる。したがって、例えばプラスチッ
ク類のごとく低温での処理が必要な物質の反応を効果的
に行うことができる。In the case of (4), the untreated substance of the object to be treated that has passed through the plasma region is burned by the combustion gas introduced into the sub-combustion chamber. The amount of dust due to the substance is suppressed. Also,
According to (5), the heat density decreases as the gas density inside the furnace vessel decreases, and the temperature of the object to be processed can be suppressed to a low level. Therefore, for example, a reaction of a substance requiring a low-temperature treatment such as plastics can be effectively performed.
【００１２】また、（６）のごとくとすれば、反応によ
り加熱されて排出された排出ガスが、導入される流動化
ガスの加熱に効果的に使用されることとなるので、系の
熱効率が大幅に向上することとなる。[0012] Further, in the case of (6), the exhaust gas heated and discharged by the reaction is effectively used for heating the fluidized gas to be introduced, so that the thermal efficiency of the system is reduced. It will be greatly improved.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は、本発明によるプラズマ式
流動層炉の第１の実施例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面
図である。図において、鉛直方向に中心軸を配した炉容
器１は、耐熱性電気絶縁材料のアルミナ耐火レンガから
なる低損失耐熱壁１ａを壁面に用いて構成されており、
下端には流動化ガス導入口３が、また上端には排気ガス
排出口５が設置されている。炉容器１の内部の下方に
は、流動化ガス導入口３より導入された流動化ガスの流
れを整流するアルミナフォームからなる整流板２が組み
込まれている。上部の壁面には、外部より被処理物２０
を供給する被処理物供給器４が備えられている。また、
炉容器１の下端には、反応に用いられる反応ガスを導入
する反応ガス導入口７と、シースガスを導入するシース
ガス導入口６が設けられている。さらに、炉容器１の低
損失耐熱壁１ａの外側には、高周波電流が通電される高
周波誘導コイル８が同軸状に配されている。FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a basic structure of a first embodiment of a plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention. In the figure, a furnace vessel 1 having a central axis arranged in the vertical direction is configured by using a low-loss heat-resistant wall 1a made of alumina refractory brick made of a heat-resistant electrical insulating material as a wall surface,
A fluidizing gas inlet 3 is provided at a lower end, and an exhaust gas outlet 5 is provided at an upper end. A rectifying plate 2 made of alumina foam for rectifying the flow of the fluidizing gas introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet 3 is incorporated below the inside of the furnace vessel 1. On the upper wall, the object 20
Is provided. Also,
At the lower end of the furnace vessel 1, a reaction gas inlet 7 for introducing a reaction gas used for the reaction and a sheath gas inlet 6 for introducing a sheath gas are provided. Further, a high-frequency induction coil 8 through which a high-frequency current flows is coaxially arranged outside the low-loss heat-resistant wall 1a of the furnace vessel 1.
【００１４】本構成において、流動化ガス導入口３より
流動化ガスを導入すると、整流板２の上に供給された被
処理物２０は、流動化ガスによる抗力と自重とにより流
動層を形成して保持される。また、高周波誘導コイル８
に高周波電流を通電すると、炉容器１の内部に高周波磁
界が生じ、電磁誘導により高周波電界を発生し、この電
界によりプラズマ９が生成される。このとき、シースガ
ス導入口６から導入されたシースガスは、プラズマ９に
対して熱ピンチ作用をして、炉容器１の低損失耐熱壁１
ａをプラズマ９から隔てて保護する役割を果たす。した
がって、流動層として保持された被処理物２０は、高温
高活性のプラズマ９に直接接触し、効果的に反応するこ
ととなるので、例えば、黒鉛廃棄物の燃焼処理や、鉄鉱
石の流動還元処理等に、特に効果的である。In this configuration, when the fluidizing gas is introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet 3, the workpiece 20 supplied on the flow straightening plate 2 forms a fluidized bed by the drag of the fluidizing gas and its own weight. Is held. The high-frequency induction coil 8
When a high-frequency current is supplied to the furnace vessel 1, a high-frequency magnetic field is generated inside the furnace vessel 1, and a high-frequency electric field is generated by electromagnetic induction. At this time, the sheath gas introduced from the sheath gas inlet 6 performs a thermal pinch action on the plasma 9, and causes the low-loss heat-resistant wall 1 of the furnace vessel 1.
plays a role of protecting a from the plasma 9. Therefore, the treatment object 20 held as a fluidized bed comes into direct contact with the high-temperature and high-activity plasma 9 and effectively reacts. For example, the combustion treatment of graphite waste or the fluid reduction of iron ore is performed. It is particularly effective for processing and the like.
【００１５】なお、流動化ガスに反応ガスを用いても良
いが、本実施例のごとく反応ガス導入口７より別途反応
ガスを供給することとすれば、反応速度の調整が可能と
なる。なお、本構成では、反応によって発生した排気ガ
スは、図示しない排気手段によって上端の排気ガス排出
口５より外部へ排出するよう構成されている。図２は、
本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉の第２の実施例の基本
構成を模式的に示す断面図である。Although a reaction gas may be used as the fluidizing gas, if the reaction gas is separately supplied from the reaction gas inlet 7 as in this embodiment, the reaction speed can be adjusted. In this configuration, the exhaust gas generated by the reaction is configured to be exhausted to the outside from the exhaust gas outlet 5 at the upper end by an exhaust unit (not shown). FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a basic configuration of a second embodiment of the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention.
【００１６】本実施例の第１の実施例との差異は、炉容
器１の下端に第２の被処理物供給器、すなわち棒状被処
理物３０を炉外より整流板２Ａの上の流動層部分へと供
給する棒状被処理物供給装置１０が組み込まれているこ
とにある。本構成の棒状被処理物供給装置１０は、図に
見られるように、棒状被処理物３０を、中央部分に貫通
孔を備えた流動化ガス導入口３Ａと整流板２Ａとを貫通
させ、気密を保持して流動層部分へと連続的に供給でき
るように構成されている。したがって、本装置では、上
部に設置された被処理物供給器４より供給される粒状の
被処理物２０と上記の棒状被処理物３０を、ともにプラ
ズマ９に直接接触させ、効果的な反応を行うことができ
るので、例えば、黒鉛の原子炉制御棒を、予め粉砕処理
することなく、棒状のまま直接投入して処理することが
可能となり、また、粒状、粉状の黒鉛と同時に処理する
こともできる。The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that a second workpiece supply device, that is, a rod-like workpiece 30 is provided at the lower end of the furnace vessel 1 from outside the furnace in a fluidized bed on the rectifying plate 2A. That is, the rod-shaped workpiece supply device 10 for supplying the material to the portion is incorporated. As shown in the figure, the rod-shaped workpiece supply apparatus 10 having this configuration allows the rod-shaped workpiece 30 to pass through the fluidizing gas inlet 3A having a through hole in the center portion and the rectifying plate 2A, thereby achieving airtightness. And it can be continuously supplied to the fluidized bed portion. Therefore, in the present apparatus, both the granular workpiece 20 supplied from the workpiece supply device 4 installed above and the rod-shaped workpiece 30 are brought into direct contact with the plasma 9 to effect an effective reaction. Therefore, for example, it is possible to directly process graphite reactor control rods in the form of rods without prior pulverization processing without pulverizing, and to process simultaneously with granular or powdery graphite. Can also.
【００１７】図３は、本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉
の第３の実施例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面図であ
る。本実施例の特徴は、炉容器１の下端に、粒状の被処
理物を炉外より整流板２Ｂの上の流動層部分へと供給す
る粒状被処理物供給装置１１が付加されている点にあ
る。粒状被処理物供給装置１１は、下端より供給された
粒状の被処理物を、中央部分に貫通孔を備えた流動化ガ
ス導入口３Ｂと整流板２Ｂとを貫通させ、整流板２Ｂの
上部へと送るよう構成されている。したがって、本装置
では、被処理物供給器４と粒状被処理物供給装置１１と
より供給される２種類の粒状の被処理物をプラズマ９に
直接接触させ、効果的な反応を行うことができるので、
石灰石を混入しての脱硫処理に効果的であり、また、上
部の被処理物供給器４からの投入では飛散する微粉状の
被処理物の処理に特に効果的である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing the basic structure of a third embodiment of the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention. The feature of the present embodiment is that a granular workpiece supply device 11 for supplying a granular workpiece from the outside of the furnace to a fluidized bed portion above the rectifying plate 2B is added to the lower end of the furnace vessel 1. is there. The granular workpiece supply device 11 allows the granular workpiece supplied from the lower end to pass through the fluidizing gas inlet 3B having a through hole at the center and the rectifying plate 2B, and to the upper part of the rectifying plate 2B. It is configured to send. Therefore, in the present apparatus, two kinds of granular workpieces supplied from the workpiece supply device 4 and the granular workpiece supply device 11 are brought into direct contact with the plasma 9 and an effective reaction can be performed. So
It is effective for desulfurization treatment by mixing limestone, and is particularly effective for treatment of scattered fine-powder objects when charged from the upper object supply device 4.
【００１８】図４は、本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉
の第４の実施例におけるガス供給、排気系統の基本構成
を示すフロー図である。図において、流動層炉５０は、
例えば図１〜３に示した第１〜第３の実施例のプラズマ
式流動層炉である。本図の構成においては、流動層炉５
０において反応により発生した高温の排気ガスは、排気
ブロワ５４によって吸引されて流動層炉５０の排気ガス
排出口より排出され、熱交換器５２の２次側へと送られ
たのち外部へ排出される。一方、流動化ガス供給装置５
１より供給される流動化ガスは、熱交換器５２の１次側
へと送られたのち、流量制御器５３で流量制御され、流
動層炉５０へと導入される。したがって、導入される流
動化ガスは、熱交換器５２において排熱を利用して加熱
されるので、熱効率の高い運転が可能となる。また、排
気ブロワ５４の吸気能力と流量制御器５３によって、制
御流量の調整・制御を行うことにより、流動層炉５０を
減圧雰囲気に保持して運転することができるという利点
があり、したがって、例えばプラスチック類のごとく低
温での処理が必要な物質の反応を効果的に行うことがで
きる。FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a basic configuration of a gas supply and exhaust system in a fourth embodiment of the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention. In the figure, a fluidized bed furnace 50 is
For example, the plasma type fluidized bed furnace of the first to third embodiments shown in FIGS. In the configuration of FIG.
The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the reaction at 0 is sucked by the exhaust blower 54, discharged from the exhaust gas outlet of the fluidized bed furnace 50, sent to the secondary side of the heat exchanger 52, and then discharged to the outside. You. On the other hand, the fluidizing gas supply device 5
After the fluidizing gas supplied from 1 is sent to the primary side of the heat exchanger 52, the flow rate is controlled by the flow rate controller 53, and the fluidized gas is introduced into the fluidized bed furnace 50. Therefore, the fluidized gas to be introduced is heated by using the exhaust heat in the heat exchanger 52, so that operation with high thermal efficiency becomes possible. In addition, by adjusting and controlling the control flow rate by the intake capacity of the exhaust blower 54 and the flow rate controller 53, there is an advantage that the fluidized bed furnace 50 can be operated while being kept in a reduced pressure atmosphere. The reaction of a substance requiring a low-temperature treatment such as plastics can be effectively performed.
【００１９】図５は、本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉
の第５の実施例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面図であ
る。本実施例の特徴は、炉容器１の上部、すなわち反応
によって発生したガスの排出側に、仕切り板４１によっ
て仕切られた副燃焼室４０が設けられていることにあ
る。本構成においては、プラズマ領域を通過したガス
は、仕切り板４１の通気孔を通って副燃焼室４０へと導
かれ、ガスの中に含まれる被処理物の未処理物質が、副
燃焼ガス導入口４２より導入される燃焼ガスによって燃
焼されるので、炉外へ排出される未処理物質による粉塵
量が抑制されることとなる。FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing the basic structure of a fifth embodiment of the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention. This embodiment is characterized in that a sub-combustion chamber 40 partitioned by a partition plate 41 is provided in the upper part of the furnace vessel 1, that is, on the discharge side of the gas generated by the reaction. In this configuration, the gas that has passed through the plasma region is guided to the sub-combustion chamber 40 through the ventilation hole of the partition plate 41, and the unprocessed substance of the processing target contained in the gas is introduced into the sub-combustion gas. Since the fuel is burned by the combustion gas introduced from the port 42, the amount of dust due to untreated substances discharged outside the furnace is suppressed.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】上述のごとく、本発明によれば、 （１）プラズマ式流動層炉を請求項１に記載のごとく構
成することとしたので、粒状の被処理物が流動層を形成
する部分に高温のプラズマが生成、維持され、被処理物
がこのプラズマに接して加熱され、反応することとなっ
た。したがって、酸化性あるいは還元性の高活性の雰囲
気にが容易に得られ、かつ熱効率の高い流動層炉が得ら
れることとなった。As described above, according to the present invention, (1) Since the plasma type fluidized bed furnace is constituted as described in claim 1, the portion where the granular object to be treated forms a fluidized bed is provided. Then, a high-temperature plasma was generated and maintained, and the object to be processed was heated and reacted in contact with the plasma. Therefore, an oxidizing or reducing highly active atmosphere can be easily obtained, and a fluidized bed furnace with high thermal efficiency can be obtained.
【００２１】（２）また、請求項２に記載のごとくとす
れば、被処理物を連続的に供給して処理することが可能
となり、さらに請求項３に記載のごとくとすれば、二つ
の被処理物、例えば、粒状の被処理物と粒状の被処理
物、あるいは粒状の被処理物と棒状の被処理物を混合し
て、反応させることができるので、広い用途に利用でき
る流動層炉が得られることとなる。(2) According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to continuously supply and process the object to be processed. A fluidized-bed furnace that can be used for a wide range of applications because it is possible to mix and react a workpiece, for example, a granular workpiece and a granular workpiece, or a granular workpiece and a rod-shaped workpiece. Is obtained.
【００２２】（３）また、請求項４に記載のごとくとす
れば、プラズマ領域を通過した被処理物の未処理物質が
燃焼処理され、炉外へ排出される粉塵量が抑制されるの
で、流動層炉として好適である。 （４）また、請求項５に記載のごとくとすれば、被処理
物の温度を低下できることとなるので、例えばプラスチ
ック類のごとく低温での処理が必要な物質の反応を効果
的に行うことができ、流動床炉として好適である。(3) According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the unprocessed substance of the object to be processed that has passed through the plasma region is burned, and the amount of dust discharged outside the furnace is suppressed. It is suitable as a fluidized bed furnace. (4) According to the fifth aspect, since the temperature of the object to be processed can be reduced, it is possible to effectively perform the reaction of a substance which needs to be processed at a low temperature such as plastics. It is suitable as a fluidized bed furnace.
【００２３】（５）また、請求項６に記載のごとくとす
れば、反応、焙焼処理に伴う発熱が導入される流動層ガ
スの加熱に効果的に再利用され、系の熱効率が大幅に向
上することとなるので、流動層炉として好適である。(5) According to the sixth aspect, the heat generated by the reaction and the roasting is effectively reused for heating the fluidized bed gas to be introduced, and the thermal efficiency of the system is greatly improved. Therefore, it is suitable as a fluidized bed furnace.
【図１】本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉の第１の実施
例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面図FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing a basic configuration of a first embodiment of a plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉の第２の実施
例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面図FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a basic configuration of a second embodiment of a plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉の第３の実施
例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing a basic configuration of a third embodiment of a plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉の第４の実施
例におけるガス供給、排気系統の基本構成を示すフロー
図FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a basic configuration of a gas supply and exhaust system in a fourth embodiment of the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明によるプラズマ式流動層炉の第５の実施
例の基本構成を模式的に示す断面図FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically showing a basic configuration of a fifth embodiment of the plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to the present invention.
【図６】従来の流動層炉の基本構成を模式的に示す断面
図FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a basic configuration of a conventional fluidized bed furnace.
１ 炉容器 １ａ 炉容器 １ｂ 炉容器 ２ 整流板 ２Ａ 整流板 ２Ｂ 整流板 ３ 流動化ガス導入口 ３Ａ 流動化ガス導入口 ４ 被処理物供給器 ５ 排気ガス排出口 ６ シースガス導入口 ７ 反応ガス導入口 ８ 高周波誘導コイル ９ プラズマ １０ 棒状被処理物供給装置 １１ 粒状被処理物供給装置 ２０ 被処理物 ３０ 棒状被処理物 ４０ 副燃焼室 ４１ 仕切り板 ４２ 副燃焼ガス導入口 ５０ 流動層炉 ５１ 流動化ガス供給装置 ５２ 熱交換器 ５３ 流量制御器 ５４ 排気ブロワ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace container 1a Furnace container 1b Furnace container 2 Rectifier plate 2A Rectifier plate 2B Rectifier plate 3 Fluidizing gas inlet 3A Fluidizing gas inlet 4 Workpiece feeder 5 Exhaust gas outlet 6 Sheath gas inlet 7 Reaction gas inlet Reference Signs List 8 high frequency induction coil 9 plasma 10 rod-shaped workpiece supply device 11 granular workpiece supply apparatus 20 workpiece 30 rod-shaped workpiece 40 sub-combustion chamber 41 partition plate 42 sub-combustion gas inlet 50 fluidized bed furnace 51 fluidizing gas Supply device 52 Heat exchanger 53 Flow controller 54 Exhaust blower
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 清水 明夫 神奈川県川崎市川崎区田辺新田１番１号 富士電機株式会社内Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akio Shimizu 1-1-1, Tanabe Nitta, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.
Claims (6)
内部に粒状の被処理物を搭載する整流板を備え、炉容器
の外側に同心状に配された高周波誘導コイルを備えて構
成し、流動化ガス導入口より流動化ガスを導入し、整流
板に搭載された粒状の被処理物を流動化ガスによる抗力
と重力とによって流動層として保持し、高周波誘導コイ
ルの発生する高周波磁場により電磁誘導で生じるプラズ
マを用いて、被処理物を反応させることを特徴とするプ
ラズマ式流動層炉。1. A rectifying plate for mounting a granular object to be processed is provided inside a furnace vessel provided with a fluidizing gas inlet at a lower portion, and a high-frequency induction coil arranged concentrically outside the furnace vessel. The fluidizing gas is introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet, and the granular processing object mounted on the flow straightening plate is held as a fluidized bed by the drag and gravity caused by the fluidizing gas. A plasma type fluidized bed furnace characterized by reacting an object to be processed using plasma generated by electromagnetic induction by a magnetic field.
いて、炉容器の流動層の上部に位置する壁面に、粒状の
被処理物を外部より整流板の上へと供給する被処理物供
給手段を備えたことを特徴とするプラズマ式流動層炉。2. A plasma-type fluidized bed furnace according to claim 1, wherein a granular object to be processed is externally supplied onto a flow straightening plate on a wall located above a fluidized bed of a furnace vessel. A plasma type fluidized bed furnace comprising a supply means.
層炉において、流動層の下部に、被処理物を外部より整
流板の上へと供給する第２の被処理物供給手段を備えた
ことを特徴とするプラズマ式流動層炉。3. The plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a second object supply means for supplying the object to be processed from the outside onto the rectifying plate below the fluidized bed. A plasma type fluidized bed furnace characterized by the above-mentioned.
流動層炉において、被処理物が反応するプラズマ領域の
上部に、燃焼ガスを導入してガスを燃焼させる副燃焼室
を備えたことを特徴とするプラズマ式流動層炉。4. The plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a sub-combustion chamber for introducing a combustion gas and burning the gas above the plasma region where the object reacts. A plasma type fluidized bed furnace characterized by the above-mentioned.
マ式流動層炉において、運転時に炉容器の内部の圧力が
減圧状態に保持されることを特徴とするプラズマ式流動
層炉。5. The plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to claim 1, wherein the pressure inside the furnace vessel is maintained at a reduced pressure during operation.
ラズマ式流動層炉において、流動化ガス導入口より導入
される流動化ガスが、炉容器より排出された排出ガスを
用いて加熱される熱交換器によって加熱して供給される
ことを特徴とするプラズマ式流動層炉。6. The plasma type fluidized bed furnace according to claim 1, wherein the fluidizing gas introduced from the fluidizing gas inlet is an exhaust gas discharged from the furnace vessel. A plasma-type fluidized bed furnace supplied by being heated by a heat exchanger that is heated by heating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8173133A JPH1015380A (en) | 1996-07-03 | 1996-07-03 | Plasma type fluidized bed furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8173133A JPH1015380A (en) | 1996-07-03 | 1996-07-03 | Plasma type fluidized bed furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1015380A true JPH1015380A (en) | 1998-01-20 |
Family
ID=15954741
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8173133A Withdrawn JPH1015380A (en) | 1996-07-03 | 1996-07-03 | Plasma type fluidized bed furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH1015380A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003071840A1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Fluidized bed activated by excimer plasma and materials produced therefrom |
| US7297323B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2007-11-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fine particles |
| CN102120166A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-07-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | Low-temperature cold plasma magnetic fluidized bed reactor |
| JP2014504316A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-02-20 | イノベイティブ・カーボン・リミテッド | Granular materials, composite materials containing them, their preparation and use |
| CN108012400A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of normal pressure high frequency cold plasma processing unit |
| JP2020116034A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社タクマ | Ozone/plasma treatment device and oxidative decomposition treatment method using the same |
-
1996
- 1996-07-03 JP JP8173133A patent/JPH1015380A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7297323B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2007-11-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fine particles |
| US7678326B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2010-03-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fine particles |
| WO2003071840A1 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Fluidized bed activated by excimer plasma and materials produced therefrom |
| JP2014504316A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-02-20 | イノベイティブ・カーボン・リミテッド | Granular materials, composite materials containing them, their preparation and use |
| CN102120166A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-07-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | Low-temperature cold plasma magnetic fluidized bed reactor |
| CN108012400A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of normal pressure high frequency cold plasma processing unit |
| JP2020116034A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社タクマ | Ozone/plasma treatment device and oxidative decomposition treatment method using the same |
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