JPH0994817A - Body extrusion drum - Google Patents
Body extrusion drumInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0994817A JPH0994817A JP25301295A JP25301295A JPH0994817A JP H0994817 A JPH0994817 A JP H0994817A JP 25301295 A JP25301295 A JP 25301295A JP 25301295 A JP25301295 A JP 25301295A JP H0994817 A JPH0994817 A JP H0994817A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- kneaded
- clay
- kneaded clay
- drum
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば陶磁器製造
用に使用する土練機において、坏土を練るための羽根部
と口金部との間に設けられた坏土押出ドラムに関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a kneaded clay extruding drum provided between a blade part and a mouth part for kneading a kneaded clay in a clay kneader used for manufacturing ceramics, for example.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、例えば陶磁器製造用の坏土を
羽根部で練り、口金部より押出して円柱形状の坏土を得
るために使用する土練機は数々の構成のものが知られて
いる。そして、いずれの土練機においても、坏土を練る
ための羽根部と口金部との間に、羽根部で裁断され練ら
れた坏土を押し固めるための坏土押出ドラムを設けてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, various known kneading machines have been known to be used for kneading clay for manufacturing ceramics with a blade portion and extruding it from a die to obtain a cylindrical kneaded material. There is. In any of the kneading machines, a kneaded material extruding drum for pressing and hardening the kneaded material cut by the blade portion is provided between the blade portion and the mouthpiece portion for kneading the kneaded material.
【０００３】図６は従来の坏土押出ドラムの構成を示す
図である。図６に示す例において、坏土押出ドラム５１
は、坏土を練るための羽根５２を有する羽根部５３と、
この羽根部５３に連続して設けられた、押出ドラム５１
の坏土流れの上流側から下流側に向かって直径が同じ胴
部５４と、この胴部５４に連続して設けられた、押出ド
ラム５１の上流側から下流側に向かって直径が徐々に小
さくなる絞り部５５とから構成されている。そして、こ
の絞り部５５の先端には、口金５６が設けられている。FIG. 6 is a view showing the structure of a conventional kneaded clay extrusion drum. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the kneaded clay extrusion drum 51
Is a blade portion 53 having a blade 52 for kneading the kneaded material,
The extrusion drum 51, which is continuously provided to the blade portion 53,
The body portion 54 having the same diameter from the upstream side to the downstream side of the kneaded clay flow, and the diameter gradually decreasing from the upstream side to the downstream side of the extrusion drum 51 provided continuously to the body portion 54. And a narrowed portion 55. A base 56 is provided at the tip of the narrowed portion 55.
【０００４】上述した坏土押出ドラム５１の構成は、羽
根５２で練った坏土の圧着と粒子の結合を強固にする最
終調整機能をもっている。そして、この坏土押出ドラム
５１の構成言い替えるとドラムの抵抗操作により、圧縮
とせん断を加えて所定の直径の円柱形状の坏土を得てい
る。そのため、押出坏土の品質（内部性状）は、この坏
土押出ドラム５１の構成によってほぼ決定されるため、
良質の押出坏土を得るためには坏土押出ドラム５１の構
成が重要となる。The above-described structure of the kneaded material extruding drum 51 has a final adjusting function for strengthening the pressure bonding of the kneaded material kneaded by the blades 52 and the bonding of the particles. Then, the structure of the kneaded material extrusion drum 51, in other words, compression and shear are applied by resistance operation of the drum to obtain a cylindrical kneaded material having a predetermined diameter. Therefore, since the quality (internal property) of the extruded kneaded material is almost determined by the configuration of the kneaded material extruding drum 51,
The structure of the kneaded material extrusion drum 51 is important for obtaining a good quality kneaded material.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、図６に示す
構成の従来の坏土押出ドラム５１では、得られる押出坏
土について以下のような問題が発生していた。 （１）粒子配向が、押出軸方向の強い配向になる。 （２）中心部の坏土の締まりが悪い。 （３）口金付近で大きく絞るので、押出坏土の表面に縞
模様が強く出る。By the way, in the conventional kneaded clay extrusion drum 51 having the structure shown in FIG. 6, the following problems occur in the obtained kneaded clay. (1) The particle orientation is strong in the extrusion axis direction. (2) The tightness of the kneaded material in the center is poor. (3) A large striped pattern appears on the surface of the extruded kneaded clay because it is greatly squeezed in the vicinity of the die.
【０００６】そのため、従来の坏土押出ドラムを使用し
た土練機で得られた円柱形状の押出坏土を使用して、例
えば円柱形状の一端が頭部に他端が笠部になるよう懸垂
碍子を成形して乾燥すると、頭部に割れや切れ（頭部切
れ）が発生する問題が多発していた。また、頭部に目視
で観察できる頭部切れがなくても、成形体を焼成すると
内部欠陥（中切れ）が検出される問題があった。Therefore, by using a cylindrical extruded kneaded clay obtained by a kneading machine using a conventional kneaded clay extruding drum, for example, one end of the cylindrical shape is suspended so that the head and the other end are suspended. When the insulator was formed and dried, there were many problems that the head cracked or cut (cutting of the head). In addition, there is a problem that even if the head does not have any visible cuts in the head, internal defects (medium cuts) are detected when the molded body is fired.
【０００７】本発明の目的は上述した課題を解消して、
欠陥のない製品を作製できる安定した品質の坏土を得る
ことができる土練機の坏土押出ドラムを提供しようとす
るものである。The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kneaded material extruding drum of a clay kneader capable of obtaining a kneaded material of stable quality capable of producing a product without defects.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の坏土押出ドラム
は、土練機の坏土を練るための羽根部と口金部との間に
設けられた坏土押出ドラムであって、前記羽根部に連続
して設けられた、坏土を絞る坏土絞り部と、この坏土絞
り部と前記口金部との間に設けられた、絞った坏土の抵
抗を緩和する坏土拡大部とから構成され、前記坏土絞り
部と前記坏土拡大部との接続部の直径を、前記口金部の
直径よりも小さく構成したことを特徴とするものであ
る。The kneaded clay extrusion drum of the present invention is a kneaded clay extrusion drum provided between a blade part and a mouth part for kneading the kneaded clay of a clay kneader. And a kneaded clay expanding portion that is provided between the kneaded clay drawing portion and the mouthpiece portion and that reduces the resistance of the kneaded kneaded clay that is continuously provided in the section The diameter of the connecting portion between the kneaded clay narrowing portion and the kneaded clay enlarged portion is smaller than the diameter of the mouthpiece portion.
【０００９】本発明において、拡大ジョイント部は、粒
子配向を径方向配列にする作用があり、これにより坏土
品質を良好にできる。好ましい態様として羽根部の下流
側の直後に設ける１次絞りジョイント部は、羽根から吐
き出す練った坏土の緩み防止の作用を有する。特に、羽
根部が複数のスクリューにより構成され、複数の坏土供
給通路が存在する場合、坏土をより均一にする作用を有
する。また、好ましい態様として拡大ジョイント部の下
流側に連続して設けた拡大胴は、坏土拡大後の径方向の
内外収縮差をなくす作用を有する。In the present invention, the expanding joint portion has the function of making the grain orientations in the radial direction, and thus the quality of the kneaded clay can be improved. As a preferred embodiment, the primary diaphragm joint portion provided immediately downstream of the blade portion has a function of preventing loosening of the kneaded kneaded clay discharged from the blade. In particular, when the blade portion is composed of a plurality of screws and a plurality of kneaded clay supply passages are present, it has an effect of making the kneaded clay more uniform. Further, as a preferred embodiment, the expanding cylinder continuously provided on the downstream side of the expanding joint has an effect of eliminating the difference between inner and outer contraction in the radial direction after the kneaded clay is expanded.
【００１０】さらに、好ましい態様として１次絞りジョ
イント部と拡大ジョイント部との間に、中間胴と２次絞
りジョイント部を設けた場合は、中間胴は口金方向から
の坏土流れと逆方向の圧力により圧着強化に必要な前圧
抵抗を高める作用を有するとともに、２次絞りジョイン
ト部は坏土に圧縮とせん断を加え圧着と中心部の締め付
けを強める抵抗作用を有している。さらにまた、２次絞
りジョイント部と拡大ジョイント部との接続部の直径
を、口金部の直径よりも小さく構成した場合は、上記拡
大ジョイント部の作用をより効果的に利用することがで
きる。Further, in a preferred embodiment, when the intermediate cylinder and the secondary diaphragm joint are provided between the primary throttle joint section and the expansion joint section, the intermediate cylinder is provided in a direction opposite to the kneaded clay flow from the mouthpiece direction. In addition to having the effect of increasing the pre-pressure resistance required for pressure strengthening by the pressure, the secondary throttle joint section has a resistance effect of compressing and shearing the kneaded clay to strengthen the pressure bonding and the central portion tightening. Furthermore, when the diameter of the connecting portion between the secondary throttle joint portion and the expansion joint portion is smaller than the diameter of the mouthpiece portion, the action of the expansion joint portion can be more effectively utilized.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は本発明の坏土押出ドラムを
利用する土練機の一例の構成を示す図である。図１に示
す例において、土練機１は、駆動装置２と、１次胴３
と、真空室４と、２次胴５と、坏土押出ドラム６と、口
金７とから構成される。また、駆動装置２は、シャフト
８を介して１次胴３内の羽根９を回転させるとともに、
シャフト１０を介して２次胴５内の羽根１１を回転させ
る。さらに、１次胴３と真空室４との間には細分板１２
を設けるとともに、真空室４にはサイドローラ１３を設
けている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the construction of an example of a clay kneader utilizing the kneaded clay extrusion drum of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the clay kneader 1 includes a drive device 2 and a primary cylinder 3
The vacuum chamber 4, the secondary cylinder 5, the kneaded clay extrusion drum 6, and the die 7. Further, the drive device 2 rotates the blades 9 in the primary body 3 via the shaft 8, and
The blades 11 in the secondary cylinder 5 are rotated via the shaft 10. Further, a subdivision plate 12 is provided between the primary cylinder 3 and the vacuum chamber 4.
And a side roller 13 is provided in the vacuum chamber 4.
【００１２】図１に示す土練機において、１次胴３は、
供給される坏土を羽根９の回転で切断、混練するととも
に、坏土に推進力を与えて細分板１２の抵抗に打ち勝つ
よう構成されている。細分板１２は、１次胴３から供給
される坏土を真空室４で良好な脱気が行われるよう細か
くするために使用され、図２に示すように板１４に複数
の長孔１５を形成して構成している。長孔１５を利用す
るのは、丸孔だと抵抗が大きすぎるためである。真空室
４は、室内を真空にして細分板１２より押出された坏土
の脱気を行うために使用される。真空室の側壁の坏土は
真空のため乾き易いので、乾かないように水を通して冷
却している。サイドローラ１３は、真空室４より２次胴
５の羽根１１へ坏土を供給しやすいように坏土を下に押
し込むために使用され、図３に示すように、真空室４の
側壁であって羽根１１の上部に回転可能に設けられてい
る。In the clay extruder shown in FIG. 1, the primary cylinder 3 is
The kneaded clay supplied is cut and kneaded by the rotation of the blades 9, and a propulsive force is applied to the kneaded clay to overcome the resistance of the subdivision plate 12. The subdivision plate 12 is used to finely knead the kneaded material supplied from the primary cylinder 3 in the vacuum chamber 4 so that good deaeration is performed, and as shown in FIG. Formed and configured. The reason why the long hole 15 is used is that the resistance is too large for the round hole. The vacuum chamber 4 is used to evacuate the kneaded material extruded from the subdivision plate 12 by making the chamber vacuum. The kneaded material on the side wall of the vacuum chamber is easily dried due to the vacuum, so water is cooled so that it does not dry. The side rollers 13 are used to push down the kneaded material so that the kneaded material can be easily supplied from the vacuum chamber 4 to the blades 11 of the secondary cylinder 5, and as shown in FIG. It is rotatably provided above the blade 11.
【００１３】さらに、２次胴５は、供給される坏土を羽
根１１の回転により充填、圧着して本発明の坏土押出ド
ラム６へ送るために使用される。羽根１１は、スクリュ
ー、トンボ羽根、扇羽根等を適当に組み合わせて構成す
る。また、２次胴５の内面には、図４（ａ）、（ｂ）に
示すように、円筒面の母線と平行の複数の溝１６を設け
ている。この溝１６は、２次胴５内の坏土の空回りを防
ぎ、充分練り合わされた坏土を押出するために使用され
る。これにより、乾燥、焼成後の製品の亀裂を防止する
ことができる。Further, the secondary cylinder 5 is used to fill and press the supplied kneaded clay by the rotation of the blades 11 and send it to the kneaded clay extrusion drum 6 of the present invention. The blade 11 is configured by appropriately combining a screw, a register blade, a fan blade, and the like. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, a plurality of grooves 16 parallel to the generatrix of the cylindrical surface are provided on the inner surface of the secondary cylinder 5. This groove 16 is used to prevent the kneaded clay in the secondary cylinder 5 from spinning and to push out the kneaded clay that has been sufficiently kneaded. Thereby, cracking of the product after drying and firing can be prevented.
【００１４】図５は本発明の坏土押出ドラムの一例の構
成を示す図である。坏土押出ドラムは軸線に対して対象
であるため、図５に示す例では、各部の上半分のみを記
載した。図５に示す例において、２次胴５から構成され
る羽根部２１と口金部２２との間に設けられた坏土押出
ドラム２３は、ドラムの上流側Ａから下流側Ｂに向かっ
て、直径が徐々に小さくなる１次絞りジョイント部２４
と、直径が変化せず同一の中間胴２５と、直径が徐々に
小さくなる２次絞りジョイント部２６と、直径が徐々に
大きくなる拡大ジョイント部２７と、直径が変化せず同
一の拡大胴２８とを設けて構成されている。そして、本
例では、１次絞りジョイント部２４、中間胴２５および
２次絞りジョイント部２６が坏土を絞る坏土絞り部３１
を構成するとともに、拡大ジョイント部２７および拡大
胴２８が絞った坏土の抵抗を緩和する坏土拡大部３２を
構成している。FIG. 5 is a view showing the constitution of an example of the kneaded clay extrusion drum of the present invention. Since the kneaded clay extrusion drum is symmetrical with respect to the axis, only the upper half of each part is described in the example shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the kneaded clay extruding drum 23 provided between the blade portion 21 formed of the secondary cylinder 5 and the mouthpiece portion 22 has a diameter from the upstream side A to the downstream side B of the drum. Primary diaphragm joint 24
The same intermediate cylinder 25 whose diameter does not change, the secondary diaphragm joint portion 26 whose diameter gradually decreases, the expansion joint portion 27 whose diameter gradually increases, and the same expansion cylinder 28 whose diameter does not change. And are provided. Further, in this example, the kneaded clay drawing portion 31 for drawing the kneaded clay by the primary drawing joint part 24, the intermediate body 25 and the secondary drawing joint part 26.
And the kneaded clay expanding portion 32 that alleviates the resistance of the kneaded clay squeezed by the expansion joint portion 27 and the expansion barrel 28.
【００１５】図５に示す本発明の坏土押出ドラム２３に
おいて重要なのは、坏土拡大部３２を設けた点と、坏土
絞り部３１と坏土拡大部３２との接続部３３の直径を、
所要坏土径である口金部２２の直径よりも小さくした点
である。そして、坏土押出ドラム２３の中間付近で所要
坏土径よりもさらに細い径まで一旦絞り、坏土中心部を
十分締め付けておき、しかる後拡大して坏土の外径側の
抵抗を緩和して押出することで、粒子配向を径配向配列
にし、坏土中心部の嵩密度を向上させ、坏土の圧着性を
も向上させることできる。In the kneaded clay extruding drum 23 of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, what is important is that the kneaded clay enlarged portion 32 is provided and the diameter of the connecting portion 33 between the kneaded clay narrowing portion 31 and the kneaded clay enlarged portion 32.
This is a point where the diameter is made smaller than the diameter of the mouthpiece portion 22, which is the required kneaded clay diameter. Then, in the vicinity of the middle of the kneaded clay extrusion drum 23, the diameter of the kneaded clay is once narrowed to a diameter smaller than the required kneaded clay diameter, the center portion of the kneaded clay is sufficiently tightened, and then expanded to reduce the resistance on the outer diameter side of the kneaded clay. By extruding in this manner, the particle orientation can be changed to a radial orientation arrangement, the bulk density of the central portion of the kneaded material can be improved, and the crimpability of the kneaded material can also be improved.
【００１６】以下、本発明の坏土押出ドラム２３を構成
する各部、すなわち坏土流れ方向の上流側から、１次絞
りジョイント部２４、中間胴２５、２次絞りジョイント
部２６、拡大ジョイント部２７および拡大胴２８と、坏
土押出ドラム２３に続く口金部２２のそれぞれの必要事
項についてさらに詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, from the respective parts constituting the kneaded clay extrusion drum 23 of the present invention, that is, from the upstream side in the flow direction of the kneaded clay, the primary throttle joint portion 24, the intermediate drum 25, the secondary throttle joint portion 26, and the expansion joint portion 27. Further, the respective requirements of the expansion cylinder 28 and the mouthpiece portion 22 following the kneaded clay extrusion drum 23 will be described in more detail.
【００１７】なお、以下の説明では、図５に示す例にお
いて、ドラムの軸線方向に対する、１次絞りジョイント
部２４の角度である１次絞り角度をθ1 、２次絞りジョ
イント部２６の角度である２次絞り角度をθ2 、拡大ジ
ョイント部２７の角度である拡大角度をθ3 、口金部２
２のテーパ部の絞り角度をθ4 とし、羽根部２１の直径
をφ0 、中間胴２５の直径をφ1 、２次絞りジョイント
部２６と拡大ジョイント部２７との接続部３３の直径を
φ2 、拡大胴２８の直径をφ3 、口金部２２の直径をφ
4 とし、１次絞りジョイント部２４の１次絞り率を〔１
−（φ1 ／φ0 ）2 〕×１００、２次絞りジョイント部
２６の２次絞り率を〔１−（φ2 ／φ1 ）2 〕×１０
０、拡大ジョイント部２７の拡大率を（φ3 ／φ2 ）2
×１００、口金部２２の絞り率を〔１−（φ4 ／φ3 ）
2 〕×１００とし、中間胴２５の長さをｌ1 、拡大胴２
８の長さをｌ2 、口金部２２の長さをｌ3 とする。な
お、以下の例では、坏土押出ドラム２３の長さＬを、１
０００ｍｍ〜２２００ｍｍとしている。In the following description, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the primary diaphragm angle which is the angle of the primary diaphragm joint portion 24 with respect to the axial direction of the drum is θ 1 and the angle of the secondary diaphragm joint portion 26. The secondary aperture angle is θ 2 , the expansion angle that is the angle of the expansion joint section 27 is θ 3 , and the base section 2 is
The aperture angle of the second tapered portion and theta 4, 0 the diameter of the blade portion 21 phi, the diameter of the connection portion 33 of one diameter of the intermediate cylinder 25 phi, the secondary throttle joint portion 26 and the enlarged joint portion 27 phi 2 , the diameter of the expansion barrel 28 is φ 3 , and the diameter of the base 22 is φ
4 and the primary aperture ratio of the primary aperture joint section 24 is [1
-(Φ 1 / φ 0 ) 2 ] × 100, the secondary drawing ratio of the secondary diaphragm joint portion 26 is [1- (φ 2 / φ 1 ) 2 ] × 10
0, the expansion ratio of the expansion joint section 27 is (φ 3 / φ 2 ) 2
× 100, the drawing ratio of the base 22 is [1- (φ 4 / φ 3 )
2 ] × 100, the length of the intermediate cylinder 25 is l 1 , the expansion cylinder 2
The length of 8 is l 2 , and the length of the cap portion 22 is l 3 . In the following example, the length L of the kneaded clay extrusion drum 23 is set to 1
It is set to 000 mm to 2200 mm.
【００１８】（１）１次絞りジョイント部２４：１次絞
り率は、羽根部２１から吐き出される坏土の緩み防止と
２次絞りジョイント部２６での過大絞りを避けるための
第一次の圧縮操作の程度を表す指標であり、２次絞り率
との関係で決定される。口金部２２の付近で一気に大き
く絞る操作は、縞の増大や粒子配向の改善を損なうた
め、できるだけ羽根部２１の先端側の坏土が脈動してい
るうちに１次絞り角度θ1 を大きくすることが好まし
い。以上のことから、１次絞り率の好ましい範囲は、２
５〜４５％であり、１次絞り角度θ1 の好ましい範囲
は、２０゜〜４５゜である。(1) Primary throttle joint portion 24: The primary throttle ratio is the primary compression ratio for preventing loosening of the kneaded material discharged from the blade portion 21 and for avoiding excessive throttle in the secondary throttle joint portion 26. It is an index indicating the degree of operation and is determined in relation to the secondary aperture ratio. If the operation of sharply squeezing a large amount near the mouthpiece portion 22 impairs the increase of stripes and the improvement of particle orientation, the primary squeezing angle θ 1 is increased while the kneaded material on the tip side of the blade portion 21 is pulsating as much as possible. It is preferable. From the above, the preferable range of the primary drawing ratio is 2
It is 5 to 45%, and the preferable range of the primary aperture angle θ 1 is 20 ° to 45 °.
【００１９】（２）中間胴２５：中間胴２５の直径φ1
は、２次絞り率との関係で決まり、この部分で供給され
る坏土の重畳面の圧着強化に必要な前圧抵抗を、その長
さｌ1 を適当な長さにすることで得ている。長さｌ
1 は、２次絞り率と反比例の関係である。なお、中間胴
２５を設けない場合は、坏土の練れ不良が多発する。以
上のことから、中間胴２５の直径φ1 の好ましい範囲
は、３５０ｍｍ〜４５０ｍｍであり、中間胴２５の長さ
ｌ1 の好ましい範囲は、２００ｍｍ〜８００ｍｍであ
る。(2) Intermediate cylinder 25: Diameter of intermediate cylinder 25 φ 1
Is determined by the relationship with the secondary drawing ratio, and the pre-pressure resistance necessary for strengthening the crimping of the overlapping surface of the kneaded clay supplied at this portion can be obtained by setting the length l 1 to an appropriate length. There is. Length l
1 is inversely proportional to the secondary draw ratio. In addition, when the intermediate cylinder 25 is not provided, the kneading of the kneaded clay frequently occurs. From the above, the preferable range of the diameter φ 1 of the intermediate body 25 is 350 mm to 450 mm, and the preferable range of the length l 1 of the intermediate body 25 is 200 mm to 800 mm.
【００２０】（３）２次絞りジョイント部２６：２次絞
りジョイント部２６は、供給される坏土に圧縮とせん断
を加え圧着と中心部の締め付けを強める抵抗操作として
作用する。そのため、この部分の絞り径すなわち接続部
３３の直径φ2 は、口金部２２の直径φ4 よりも小さく
することが必須であり、さらに拡大ジョイント部２７の
拡大率や口金部２２の口金絞り率を考慮して絞り操作を
行っている。２次絞り率は、中間胴２５からの絞り量の
程度を表す指標であり、絞り率過小であると目的の機能
を失うとともに、絞り率過大であると生産性低下を招
く。また、２次絞り角度θ2 は、大きすぎると太い斜め
縞が坏土外周側に発生し、地位差すぎると細い斜め縞が
中心部まで内在する傾向がある。懸垂碍子用坏土では、
２次加工があるため締め要因の影響は比較的薄らぐとと
もに、成形機との直結化において坏土押出ドラムの全長
の制約があることから、２次絞り角度θ2 を意識的に大
きくとる。以上のことから、２次絞りジョイント部２６
の２次絞り率の好ましい範囲は、７５〜９５％である、
２次ジョイント部２６の２次絞り角度θ2 の好ましい範
囲は、２０ｍｍ〜４５ｍｍである。(3) Secondary throttling joint section 26: The secondary throttling joint section 26 acts as a resistance operation for applying compression and shear to the kneaded clay that is supplied to strengthen the crimping and tightening of the central portion. Therefore, it is essential that the drawing diameter of this portion, that is, the diameter φ 2 of the connecting portion 33 is smaller than the diameter φ 4 of the mouthpiece portion 22, and further, the enlargement ratio of the expansion joint portion 27 and the mouthpiece drawing ratio of the mouthpiece portion 22. The aperture operation is performed in consideration of the above. The secondary draw ratio is an index showing the degree of the draw amount from the intermediate cylinder 25. If the draw ratio is too small, the intended function is lost, and if the draw ratio is too large, the productivity is lowered. If the secondary squeezing angle θ 2 is too large, thick diagonal stripes tend to occur on the outer peripheral side of the kneaded clay, and if the position difference is too large, thin diagonal stripes tend to be present in the central portion. In the clay for suspended insulators,
Due to the secondary processing, the influence of the tightening factor is relatively weakened, and since the total length of the kneaded material extrusion drum is restricted when directly connected to the molding machine, the secondary drawing angle θ 2 is intentionally set to be large. From the above, the secondary diaphragm joint section 26
The preferable range of the secondary drawing ratio of is 75 to 95%,
The preferable range of the secondary aperture angle θ 2 of the secondary joint portion 26 is 20 mm to 45 mm.
【００２１】（４）拡大ジョイント部２７：拡大ジョイ
ント部２７の拡大比率は、２次絞りジョイント部２６か
ら拡大する部分の拡大度を表し、坏土の粒子配向を軸方
向から径方向に配列を変化させる機能の有効度の指標と
なる。そのほか、縞の消滅、密度の均一化に寄与してい
る。拡大比率が過小の場合、坏土の粒子配向は、軸方向
への強い配向パターンとなり、焼成収縮率は軸方向より
径方向の方が大きくなり、頭部切れが発生し易い。一
方、拡大比率が過大の場合、粒子配向は、径方向への強
い配列パターンとなり、焼成収縮率は軸方向の方が大き
くなり、中実碍子では胴切れ、吊落ちが発生する。懸垂
碍子用の坏土の場合は、２時加工があるので、この粒子
配向の特徴を活かし意識的に中実碍子の押出よりも拡大
比率をやや大きくとる。拡大比率を大とすることは、必
然的に２次絞り率を大きくとることになり、坏土中心部
の密度向上と狙いの粒子配向が得られるため、頭部切れ
の防止に有効である。(4) Expansion joint part 27: The expansion ratio of the expansion joint part 27 represents the expansion ratio of the part expanded from the secondary diaphragm joint part 26, and the orientation of the particles of the kneaded material is arranged from the axial direction to the radial direction. It is an index of the effectiveness of the function to be changed. In addition, it contributes to the disappearance of stripes and the uniformization of density. When the expansion ratio is too small, the kneaded clay particles have a strong orientation pattern in the axial direction, the firing shrinkage ratio is greater in the radial direction than in the axial direction, and head cutting is likely to occur. On the other hand, when the enlargement ratio is too large, the grain orientation has a strong array pattern in the radial direction, the firing shrinkage rate becomes larger in the axial direction, and the solid insulator causes breakage and hanging down. In the case of the kneaded clay for suspension insulators, since it is processed at 2 o'clock, the enlargement ratio is intentionally set to be slightly larger than the extrusion of solid insulators by taking advantage of the characteristics of this grain orientation. Increasing the enlargement ratio inevitably increases the secondary drawing ratio, improves the density of the central portion of the kneaded clay, and obtains the aimed grain orientation, which is effective in preventing head breakage.
【００２２】拡大ジョイント部２７の拡大角度θ3 は、
拡大比率と対応してその機能が発揮される。２次絞りジ
ョイント部２７で強く絞った圧着効果を保持するため、
緩やかな角度で拡大することが望ましく、その好ましい
角度は２次絞り角度θ2 の５０％以下である。以上のこ
とから、拡大ジョイント部２７の拡大比率の好ましい範
囲は、２００〜３００％であり、拡大ジョイント部２７
の拡大角度θ3 の好ましい範囲は、５゜〜２０゜であ
る。The expansion angle θ 3 of the expansion joint section 27 is
The function is exhibited in correspondence with the expansion ratio. In order to maintain the crimping effect that is strongly squeezed by the secondary iris joint 27,
It is desirable to enlarge at a gentle angle, and the preferable angle is 50% or less of the secondary aperture angle θ 2 . From the above, the preferable range of the expansion ratio of the expansion joint portion 27 is 200 to 300%.
The preferred range of the expansion angle θ 3 is 5 ° to 20 °.
【００２３】（５）拡大胴２８：拡大胴２８がない場合
は、径方向の内外収縮差が大きく笠切れが発生するとと
もに坏土表面にササクレ発生等の問題が発生するため、
拡大胴２８を設けることが好ましい。拡大胴２８の長さ
ｌ2 は、拡大ジョイント部２７の最大直径の１．０倍以
上が必要と考えられている。以上のことから、拡大胴２
８の長さｌ2 の好ましい範囲は、２００ｍｍ〜５００ｍ
ｍである。(5) Enlarging cylinder 28: If the enlarging cylinder 28 is not provided, since the difference in inner and outer contraction in the radial direction is large, the cap is cut off, and the surface of the kneaded clay is liable to be crispy.
It is preferable to provide a magnifying cylinder 28. It is considered that the length l 2 of the expansion barrel 28 needs to be 1.0 times or more the maximum diameter of the expansion joint portion 27. From the above, the enlarged body 2
The preferable range of the length l 2 of 8 is 200 mm to 500 m.
m.
【００２４】（６）口金部２２：口金部２２の絞り率
は、拡大胴２８から所要の坏土径にする口金の絞り量の
程度を示す指標であり、絞り率が過大の場合は、坏土拡
大部３２で得た粒子配向を損ない縞の増大、異方性収縮
差の増大を生じ、歩留まりが悪化するとともに、絞り率
が過小の場合は、坏土表面の締まりが悪く、ササクレの
発生または口金部２２に坏土が充満されず、押出操作が
できなくなる。また、口金部２２の直胴部の長さｌ
3 は、所要坏土径の保形上の表面抵抗操作を制御するた
めに重要であり、その長さは口金部２２の直径φ4 の
１．０倍以上とする必要がある。さらに、口金部２２の
絞り角度θ4 は、口金部２２の絞り率によって決まる拡
大胴２８と口金部２２の直胴部との段差をテーパーで結
ぶ角度であり、この絞り角度θ4 は、坏土の流れを妨害
しない程度であれば影響はない。以上のことから、口金
部２２の絞り率の好ましい範囲は、５〜２５％であり、
口金部２２の直胴部の長さｌ3 の好ましい範囲は、１５
０ｍｍ〜４００ｍｍであり、口金部２２の絞り角度θ4
の好ましい範囲は、２０゜〜４５゜である。(6) Mouth portion 22: The drawing rate of the mouthpiece section 22 is an index showing the degree of drawing of the mouthpiece from the expanding cylinder 28 to the required kneaded clay diameter. If the drawing rate is too large, The grain orientation obtained in the soil expanding portion 32 is impaired, the stripes increase, the anisotropic shrinkage difference increases, and the yield deteriorates. When the drawing ratio is too small, the surface of the kneaded clay is not tightly formed, and the scraps are generated. Alternatively, the mouthpiece portion 22 is not filled with the kneaded material and the extrusion operation cannot be performed. In addition, the length l of the straight body portion of the base 22
3 is important for controlling the surface resistance operation on the shape retention of the required kneaded clay diameter, and its length must be 1.0 times or more the diameter φ 4 of the mouthpiece portion 22. Further, the squeezing angle θ 4 of the mouthpiece portion 22 is an angle connecting a step between the expansion cylinder 28 and the straight body portion of the mouthpiece portion 22 which is determined by the squeezing ratio of the mouthpiece portion 22, and the squeezing angle θ 4 is There is no effect as long as it does not obstruct the flow of soil. From the above, the preferable range of the drawing ratio of the mouthpiece portion 22 is 5 to 25%,
The preferable range of the length l 3 of the straight body portion of the mouthpiece portion 22 is 15
0 mm to 400 mm, and the aperture angle θ 4 of the base 22
The preferred range of is from 20 ° to 45 °.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明かなように、本発明に
よれば、坏土押出ドラムを坏土絞り部と坏土拡大部とか
ら構成するとともに、坏土絞り部と坏土拡大部との接続
部の直径を口金部の直径よりも小さく構成することで、
坏土の粒子配向において径方向配列を強化でき、坏土中
心部の嵩密度を向上でき、坏土の厚着性を向上でき、坏
土表面の縞の発生を緩和でき、その結果、頭部切れや中
切れ等の欠陥のない製品を作製できる安定した品質の坏
土を得ることができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the kneaded material extruding drum is composed of the kneaded clay drawing portion and the kneaded clay expanding portion, and the kneaded clay drawing portion and the kneaded clay expanding portion are provided. By configuring the diameter of the connection part of is smaller than the diameter of the base part,
In the particle orientation of the kneaded clay, the radial direction can be strengthened, the bulk density of the kneaded clay can be improved, the sticking property of the kneaded clay can be improved, and the occurrence of streaks on the surface of the kneaded clay can be mitigated. It is possible to obtain a kneaded material of stable quality that can produce a product without defects such as cuts and cuts.
【図１】本発明の坏土押出ドラムを利用する土練機の一
例の構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a clay kneading machine using a kneaded clay extrusion drum of the present invention.
【図２】図１に示す土練機における細分板の一例の構成
を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a subdivision plate in the clay kneader shown in FIG.
【図３】図１に示す土練機におけるサイドローラの一例
の構成を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a side roller in the clay kneader shown in FIG. 1.
【図４】図１に示す土練機における２次胴の一例の構成
を示す図である。4 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a secondary cylinder in the clay kneader shown in FIG.
【図５】本発明の坏土押出ドラムの一例の構成を示す図
である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a kneaded clay extrusion drum of the present invention.
【図６】従来の坏土押出ドラムの一例の構成を示す図で
ある。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of a conventional kneaded material extrusion drum.
２１ 羽部、２２ 口金部、２３ 坏土押出ドラム、２
４ １次絞りジョイント部、２５ 中間胴、２６ ２次
絞りジョイント部、２７ 拡大ジョイント部、２８ 拡
大胴、３１ 坏土絞り部、３２ 坏土拡大部、３３ 接
続部21 wings, 22 mouthpiece, 23 kneaded clay extrusion drum, 2
4 Primary draw joint part, 25 Intermediate barrel, 26 Secondary draw joint part, 27 Expanding joint part, 28 Expanding barrel, 31 Kneaded clay drawing part, 32 Kneaded clay expanding part, 33 Connection part
Claims (3)
との間に設けられた坏土押出ドラムであって、前記羽根
部に連続して設けられた、坏土を絞る坏土絞り部と、こ
の坏土絞り部と前記口金部との間に設けられた、絞った
坏土の抵抗を緩和する坏土拡大部とから構成され、前記
坏土絞り部と前記坏土拡大部との接続部の直径を、前記
口金部の直径よりも小さく構成したことを特徴とする坏
土押出ドラム。1. A kneaded material extruding drum provided between a blade part and a mouth part for kneading the kneaded material of a clay kneader, wherein the kneaded material is squeezed continuously from the blade part. A kneaded clay drawing portion, and a kneaded clay expanding portion that is provided between the kneaded clay drawing portion and the mouthpiece portion and reduces the resistance of the kneaded kneaded clay, the kneaded clay drawing portion and the kneaded clay. A kneaded clay extruding drum, wherein a diameter of a connecting portion with the enlarged portion is smaller than a diameter of the mouthpiece portion.
下流側に向かって、ドラムの上流側から下流側に向かっ
て直径が徐々に小さくなる１次絞りジョイント部と、ド
ラムの上流側から下流側に向かって直径が同じ中間胴
と、ドラムの上流側から下流側に向かって直径が徐々に
小さくなる２次絞りジョイント部とを設けて構成される
請求項１記載の坏土押出ドラム。2. The kneaded clay constricting portion has a primary constriction joint portion whose diameter gradually decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side of the kneaded material flow, and from the upstream side to the downstream side of the drum, and The kneaded clay according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate cylinder having the same diameter from the upstream side to the downstream side and a secondary throttle joint portion having a diameter gradually decreasing from the upstream side to the downstream side of the drum are provided. Extrusion drum.
下流側に向かって、ドラムの上流側から下流側に向かっ
て直径が徐々に大きくなる拡大ジョイント部と、ドラム
の上流側から下流側に向かって直径が同じ拡大胴とから
構成される請求項１または２記載の坏土押出ドラム。3. The expanded clay portion is an expanded joint portion in which the diameter gradually increases from the upstream side to the downstream side of the clay flow, from the upstream side to the downstream side of the drum, and the upstream side of the drum. 3. The kneaded clay extruding drum according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an expanding cylinder having the same diameter from the downstream side to the downstream side.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25301295A JP3187690B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Clay extrusion drum |
| CN 95223696 CN2239339Y (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-11-07 | Clay extruding cylinder |
| CN 95118759 CN1066385C (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-11-07 | Clay extruding cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25301295A JP3187690B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Clay extrusion drum |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0994817A true JPH0994817A (en) | 1997-04-08 |
| JP3187690B2 JP3187690B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 |
Family
ID=17245265
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25301295A Expired - Fee Related JP3187690B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Clay extrusion drum |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3187690B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1066385C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5686345B2 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2015-03-18 | 日本電産シンポ株式会社 | Kneading equipment |
| JP6439908B2 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2018-12-19 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Microbial killing device in ballast water |
-
1995
- 1995-09-29 JP JP25301295A patent/JP3187690B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-07 CN CN 95118759 patent/CN1066385C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-07 CN CN 95223696 patent/CN2239339Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1146394A (en) | 1997-04-02 |
| CN2239339Y (en) | 1996-11-06 |
| JP3187690B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 |
| CN1066385C (en) | 2001-05-30 |
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