JPH0973117A - Wide-angle camera - Google Patents
Wide-angle cameraInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0973117A JPH0973117A JP22875295A JP22875295A JPH0973117A JP H0973117 A JPH0973117 A JP H0973117A JP 22875295 A JP22875295 A JP 22875295A JP 22875295 A JP22875295 A JP 22875295A JP H0973117 A JPH0973117 A JP H0973117A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- convex mirror
- angle
- wide
- central portion
- angle camera
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Lenses (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、静止画像及び動画像を
撮影するＣＣＤカメラ等の広角カメラに関し、特に、広
画角で撮影する技術の改良に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wide-angle camera such as a CCD camera for taking a still image and a moving image, and more particularly to improvement of a technique for taking an image with a wide angle of view.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般的に、広角カメラに用いられる画角
が約80度を越えるような広角レンズは高屈折力を要する
ところから色収差が生じやすく、この色収差の補償のた
めレンズ枚数が多くなり、さらに、レンズの研磨、コー
ティング等の加工費用も加わって益々高価になってしま
う。そして、広角レンズの口径は大きく前記レンズ枚数
の多さも相まって全体のサイズも大きなものとなってし
まう。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a wide-angle lens used in a wide-angle camera whose angle of view exceeds about 80 degrees is liable to cause chromatic aberration because high refractive power is required, and the number of lenses is increased to compensate for this chromatic aberration. Moreover, the cost of polishing and coating the lens is added, and the cost becomes higher and higher. The wide-angle lens has a large aperture, and the large number of lenses also increases the overall size.
【０００３】こうした問題点に対して、凸面鏡を用いて
結像画像を撮影する広角カメラが考えられている。図９
には上記従来の広角カメラの概略断面図を示したもの
で、画角の違いを比較対照するため左右に２種類の広角
カメラを配している。ＣＣＤカメラ１からの視線７は撮
像レンズ系２を通ってキャップ８上に固定され且つ回転
放物面に形成された凸面鏡３、４で反射され、凸面鏡
３、４を支持する透明パイプ５、６を介して広画角に拡
散するので、広角レンズを用いたのと同じ撮影画像を得
ることができる。そして、一般的に使用頻度の高い標準
レンズを使用できることや、量産性のよいミラーを１枚
用いれば良いため、広角レンズが有していた高価格化、
大型化等の従来問題点を解決することができるものであ
る。To address these problems, a wide-angle camera for taking a focused image using a convex mirror has been considered. FIG.
Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the above-mentioned conventional wide-angle camera. Two types of wide-angle cameras are arranged on the left and right in order to compare and contrast the difference in the angle of view. The line of sight 7 from the CCD camera 1 passes through the imaging lens system 2 and is reflected by the convex mirrors 3 and 4 which are fixed on the cap 8 and are formed into a paraboloid of revolution, and the transparent pipes 5 and 6 which support the convex mirrors 3 and 4. Since it spreads over a wide angle of view via, it is possible to obtain the same captured image as when a wide-angle lens is used. In addition, since it is possible to use a standard lens that is frequently used, and it is sufficient to use one mirror that has good mass productivity, it is possible to increase the price that a wide-angle lens has.
It is possible to solve conventional problems such as an increase in size.
【０００４】図９の右図に示すように、ＣＣＤカメラ
１、撮像レンズ系２と凸面鏡３との距離を短く設定し装
置の小型化を図ったものがあるが、点線で示した視線が
ＣＣＤカメラ１ないし撮像レンズ系２で遮られて視野が
狭くなってしまう。これに対して、図９の左図に示すよ
うに凸面鏡サイズを大きくし且つＣＣＤカメラ１、撮像
レンズ系２と凸面鏡３との距離を離間させて視野範囲を
広げたものもあるが装置が大型化する。As shown in the right diagram of FIG. 9, there is a device in which the distance between the CCD camera 1, the image pickup lens system 2 and the convex mirror 3 is set to be short to downsize the device. However, the line of sight indicated by the dotted line is the CCD. The field of view is narrowed by being blocked by the camera 1 or the imaging lens system 2. On the other hand, as shown in the left diagram of FIG. 9, the convex mirror size is increased and the CCD camera 1, the imaging lens system 2 and the convex mirror 3 are separated from each other to widen the field of view, but the device is large. Turn into.
【０００５】また、図10に示すように一体型の広角カメ
ラも知られている。これは、高透過率透明樹脂やガラス
等で形成された半球状の透明体21の上部に遮光具27及び
凹部を設け、この凹部にアルミ等の反射体を蒸着、塗布
等の加工を施して凸面鏡22とし、透明体21の下部（カメ
ラ視線の入射部分）には一部を切り取った形状の凹面23
を形成したもので、透明キャップ、凸面鏡及び透明パイ
プを一体的に設けている一体型カメラである。An integrated wide-angle camera as shown in FIG. 10 is also known. This is provided with a light shield 27 and a recess on the upper portion of a hemispherical transparent body 21 formed of a high transmittance transparent resin or glass, and a reflector such as aluminum is vapor-deposited and applied on the recess. A convex mirror 22 is provided, and a concave surface 23 is formed by cutting a part of the transparent body 21 below the transparent body 21 (the incident portion of the line of sight of the camera).
Is an integrated camera in which a transparent cap, a convex mirror, and a transparent pipe are integrally provided.
【０００６】本例においても、上述同様にＣＣＤカメラ
１、撮像レンズ系２から射出された視線７は凹面23に対
して垂直に入射した後、凸面鏡22で反射されて略１点か
ら出たように透明体21外に広画角に拡散する。ここで、
透明体21と空気間の屈折率の違いから屈折を生じるが、
透明体21の射出面の法線と視線方向を等しくすることで
屈折による偏向を抑止している。Also in this example, the line-of-sight 7 emitted from the CCD camera 1 and the image pickup lens system 2 is incident on the concave surface 23 perpendicularly, and then is reflected by the convex mirror 22 to come out from approximately one point in the same manner as described above. It spreads out of the transparent body 21 to a wide angle of view. here,
Refraction occurs due to the difference in refractive index between the transparent body 21 and air,
By making the normal line of the exit surface of the transparent body 21 equal to the line-of-sight direction, deflection due to refraction is suppressed.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、凸面鏡
を用いた広角カメラにおいては、撮影画像の中心部にＣ
ＣＤカメラ１、撮像レンズ系２等が写り込んでしまい、
広角カメラ全体の視野の一部が無駄になることが該カメ
ラの構成上不可避である。上述のように視野範囲の拡大
化を図ったものもあるが、ＣＣＤカメラ１、撮像レンズ
系２と凸面鏡３との距離を離間させることはカメラ全体
の大型化につながってしまうことになる。However, in a wide-angle camera using a convex mirror, C is placed at the center of the captured image.
The CD camera 1, the imaging lens system 2, etc. are reflected in the image,
It is unavoidable in the configuration of the camera that a part of the field of view of the wide-angle camera is wasted. As described above, there are some which are intended to enlarge the visual field range, but if the distance between the CCD camera 1, the imaging lens system 2 and the convex mirror 3 is increased, the size of the entire camera is increased.
【０００８】本発明は上記問題点に鑑みて為されたもの
であり、小型化を実現できるとともに、視野の無駄を排
除したり視野範囲を拡大できる広角カメラを安価に提供
することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a wide-angle camera, which can realize miniaturization, eliminate waste of the field of view, and expand the field of view at low cost. .
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】このため請求項１記載の
発明は、凸面鏡と撮像レンズ系を介して得た結像画像を
撮影する広角カメラにおいて、 前記凸面鏡の少なくと
も中央部分における該凸面鏡面の法線と前記撮像レンズ
の光軸とのなす傾斜角を、該光軸を中心とする所定の回
転面の傾斜角に比して大きく変位するように設定した構
成としたものである。For this reason, the invention according to claim 1 is a wide-angle camera for photographing a formed image obtained through a convex mirror and an imaging lens system, wherein the convex mirror surface in at least a central portion of the convex mirror is The tilt angle formed by the normal line and the optical axis of the imaging lens is set so as to be largely displaced as compared with the tilt angle of a predetermined rotation surface about the optical axis.
【００１０】これによれば、凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部
分における該凸面鏡面の法線と前記撮像レンズの光軸と
のなす傾斜角が所定の回転面の傾斜角に比して大きく変
位するように設定されることで、該凸面鏡の中央部分に
入射した視線が大きな傾斜角をもって反射するために、
反射視線が撮像レンズ系等で遮られず、視野の無駄を排
除できるとともに撮像レンズ系を該凸面鏡に接近させら
れ小型化を実現できる。According to this, the inclination angle formed by the normal line of the convex mirror surface and the optical axis of the image pickup lens at least at the central portion of the convex mirror is set to be largely displaced as compared with the inclination angle of the predetermined rotating surface. By doing so, the line of sight incident on the central portion of the convex mirror is reflected with a large inclination angle,
The reflection line of sight is not blocked by the image pickup lens system and the like, the waste of the field of view can be eliminated, and the image pickup lens system can be brought close to the convex mirror to realize miniaturization.
【００１１】また、請求項２記載の発明は、前記所定の
回転面を回転放物面とした構成としたものである。これ
によれば、所定の回転面を回転放物面としたものにも適
用できる。また、請求項３記載の発明は、凸面鏡と撮像
レンズ系を介して得た結像画像を撮影する広角カメラに
おいて、前記凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部分における該凸
面鏡面の法線と前記撮像レンズの光軸とのなす傾斜角の
変位量に応じて、該凸面鏡中央部分から反射した視線の
偏向角を大きくして視野範囲を広げる偏向手段を設けた
構成としたものである。Further, the invention of claim 2 is configured such that the predetermined rotation surface is a paraboloid of rotation. According to this, it can be applied to the one in which the predetermined rotation surface is a paraboloid of rotation. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a wide-angle camera that captures a formed image obtained through a convex mirror and an imaging lens system, a normal line of the convex mirror surface at least at a central portion of the convex mirror and an optical axis of the imaging lens. According to the amount of displacement of the tilt angle formed by and, the deflection means for widening the visual field range by increasing the deflection angle of the line of sight reflected from the central portion of the convex mirror is provided.
【００１２】これによれば、偏向手段が凸面鏡の傾斜角
の変位量に応じて反射視線の偏向角を大きくするため
に、反射視線が仮想回転放物面から反射したのと同じ角
度に偏向されて視野範囲を拡大させることが可能であ
り、撮像レンズ系を該凸面鏡に接近させられ小型化を実
現できる。また、請求項４記載の発明は、凸面鏡と撮像
レンズ系を介して得た結像画像を撮影する広角カメラに
おいて、前記凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部分における該凸
面鏡面の法線と前記撮像レンズの光軸とのなす傾斜角
を、該光軸を回転軸とする仮想回転放物面の傾斜角に比
して大きく変位するように設定するとともに、該傾斜角
の変位量に応じて該凸面鏡中央部分から反射した視線の
偏向角を大きくして視野範囲を広げる偏向手段を設けた
構成としたものである。According to this, since the deflecting means increases the deflection angle of the reflection line of sight in accordance with the displacement amount of the inclination angle of the convex mirror, the reflection line of sight is deflected at the same angle as that reflected from the virtual paraboloid of revolution. It is possible to expand the field of view by making the image pickup lens system close to the convex mirror, and to realize miniaturization. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in a wide-angle camera that captures a formed image obtained through a convex mirror and an imaging lens system, a normal line of the convex mirror surface in at least a central portion of the convex mirror and an optical axis of the imaging lens. The tilt angle formed by and is set so as to be largely displaced compared to the tilt angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution about the optical axis, and from the central portion of the convex mirror depending on the displacement amount of the tilt angle. The configuration is such that deflection means for expanding the field of view by increasing the deflection angle of the reflected line of sight is provided.
【００１３】これによれば、凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部
分における該凸面鏡面の傾斜角が仮想回転放物面の傾斜
角に比して大きく変位するように設定されることで、該
凸面鏡の中央部分に入射した視線が大きな傾斜角をもっ
て反射するために、反射視線が撮像レンズ系等で遮られ
ず、撮像レンズ系を該凸面鏡に接近させることが可能で
あり、また、偏向手段によって反射視線が仮想回転放物
面から反射したのと同じ角度に偏向するために、視野範
囲を拡大させることが可能であり、小型化と視野範囲の
拡大の双方を実現することができる。According to this, the inclination angle of the convex mirror surface in at least the central portion of the convex mirror is set so as to be largely displaced compared with the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution, so that the central portion of the convex mirror is Since the incident line of sight is reflected with a large inclination angle, the reflected line of sight is not blocked by the image pickup lens system, etc., and the image pickup lens system can be brought close to the convex mirror, and the deflecting means virtually rotates the reflected line of sight. Since the light is deflected at the same angle as that reflected from the parabolic surface, the field of view can be expanded, and both miniaturization and expansion of the field of view can be realized.
【００１４】また、請求項５記載の発明は、偏向手段
を、前記凸面鏡及び広角カメラ本体の周囲に配されたパ
イプ状部材とし、該凸面鏡の周辺部分から中央部分にか
けての反射視線を偏向するに従って肉厚を変えるように
テーパを設けた構成としたものである。これによれば、
偏向手段を、凸面鏡及び広角カメラ本体の周囲に配され
た肉厚を変えたテーパを設けたパイプ状部材とすること
で、従来から存在するパイプ状部材に対して僅かな設計
変更で該凸面鏡からの反射視線の偏向を行なうことがで
きるため、コスト低減が可能である。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the deflecting means is a pipe-shaped member arranged around the convex mirror and the wide-angle camera body, and the reflection line of sight from the peripheral portion to the central portion of the convex mirror is deflected. The taper is provided so as to change the wall thickness. According to this,
By forming the deflecting means by a pipe-shaped member provided around the convex mirror and the wide-angle camera main body and having a taper with a changed wall thickness, the convex-shaped mirror can be changed from the conventional convex-shaped mirror with a slight design change. Since the reflection line of sight can be deflected, the cost can be reduced.
【００１５】また、請求項６記載の発明は、偏向手段
を、前記凸面鏡を一体的に設けた略半球状部材とし、該
凸面鏡の周辺部分から中央部分にかけての反射視線を偏
向するに従って曲率を変えた構成としたものである。こ
れによれば、偏向手段を、前記凸面鏡を一体的に設けた
曲率を変えた略半球状部材としたものにも適用できる。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the deflecting means is a substantially hemispherical member integrally provided with the convex mirror, and the curvature is changed as the reflection line of sight from the peripheral portion to the central portion of the convex mirror is deflected. It has a different structure. According to this, the deflecting means can also be applied to the one in which the convex mirror is integrally provided and which is a substantially hemispherical member having a different curvature.
【００１６】また、請求項７記載の発明は、凸面鏡の中
央部分における該凸面鏡面の傾斜角と仮想回転放物面の
傾斜角との変位量は、該凸面鏡の周辺部分から中央部分
に向かうに従って連続的に大きくなるように鏡面の傾斜
を変える構成としたものである。これによれば、凸面鏡
の中央部分における該凸面鏡面の傾斜角と仮想回転放物
面の傾斜角との変位量を、該凸面鏡の周辺部分から中央
部分に向かうに従って連続的に大きくなるように鏡面の
傾斜を変えるようにしたため、視野内の結像画像の歪み
を抑止することができる。According to the invention of claim 7, the displacement amount between the inclination angle of the convex mirror surface and the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution in the central portion of the convex mirror increases from the peripheral portion of the convex mirror toward the central portion. The configuration is such that the inclination of the mirror surface is changed so as to continuously increase. According to this, the amount of displacement between the inclination angle of the convex mirror surface and the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution in the central portion of the convex mirror is continuously increased from the peripheral portion of the convex mirror toward the central portion. Since the inclination of is changed, the distortion of the formed image in the visual field can be suppressed.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の一実施形態を図に
基づいて説明する。図１及び図２は、本発明に係わる第
１の実施形態の広角カメラの概略断面図を示したもの
で、特に、図１は従来と比較対照するため左側には本発
明に係わる広角カメラを配し、右側には視野の無駄を少
なくした従来の広角カメラを配している。一方、図２は
同じく従来と比較対照するため左側には本発明に係わる
広角カメラを配し、右側には視野の一部を無駄にしても
小型化した従来の広角カメラを配している。なお、従来
と同じ構成、動作のものには同一記号を付してある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of a wide-angle camera according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 1 shows the wide-angle camera according to the present invention on the left side for comparison with the conventional art. On the right side is a conventional wide-angle camera with less wasted field of view. On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the wide-angle camera according to the present invention is arranged on the left side and the conventional wide-angle camera which is downsized even if a part of the field of view is wasted is arranged on the left side for comparison and comparison with the conventional one. It should be noted that components having the same configurations and operations as those of the related art are denoted by the same symbols.
【００１８】ＣＣＤカメラ本体１からの視線７は撮像レ
ンズ系２を通って透明キャップ15上に固定された凸面鏡
13で反射され、凸面鏡13を支持する透明パイプ14を介し
て拡散するが、ここで、撮像レンズ系の光軸を回転軸と
する凸面鏡13の法線と撮像レンズ系２の光軸とのなす角
を、凸面鏡13の傾斜角と定義した場合に、該光軸を回転
軸とする仮想回転放物面の傾斜角に対する凸面鏡13の傾
斜角は、凸面鏡13の周辺部分から中央部分に向かう（回
転軸に近くなる）に従って、除々に大きく変位するよう
に回転放物面に追加工を施しており、図３には、こうし
た追加工を施した凸面鏡13を実線で示し、仮想回転放物
面を点線で示している。The line of sight 7 from the CCD camera body 1 passes through the imaging lens system 2 and is a convex mirror fixed on the transparent cap 15.
The light is reflected by 13 and diffuses through the transparent pipe 14 that supports the convex mirror 13. Here, the normal line of the convex mirror 13 with the optical axis of the imaging lens system as the rotation axis and the optical axis of the imaging lens system 2 form When the angle is defined as the inclination angle of the convex mirror 13, the inclination angle of the convex mirror 13 with respect to the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution having the optical axis as the rotation axis is from the peripheral portion of the convex mirror 13 toward the central portion (rotation). The parabolic surface of the rotation is additionally processed so that the parabolic surface is gradually displaced largely as it becomes closer to the axis. In FIG. 3, the convex mirror 13 subjected to such additional processing is shown by a solid line, and a virtual rotation parabolic surface is shown. It is indicated by a dotted line.
【００１９】従って、ＣＣＤカメラ本体１から凸面鏡13
の中央部分に入射した視線７が大きな傾斜角をもって反
射するために、反射視線７がＣＣＤカメラ本体１や撮像
レンズ系２で遮られることがなく、ＣＣＤカメラ本体１
及び撮像レンズ系２を凸面鏡13を充分に近づけることが
可能で、従来の広角カメラに比して小型化を実現でき
る。なお、上記凸面鏡13の傾斜は連続的に単純増加する
ように変位させることが好ましく、このような場合には
視野内の結像画像の歪みを抑止することができる。ま
た、変位させる部位は凸面鏡13の中央部分だけでも良い
し、周辺部分を含めた全体であっても同様な効果を奏す
る。Therefore, from the CCD camera body 1 to the convex mirror 13
Since the line-of-sight 7 incident on the central portion of the camera is reflected with a large inclination angle, the reflected line-of-sight 7 is not blocked by the CCD camera body 1 or the imaging lens system 2, and the CCD camera body 1
Also, the imaging lens system 2 can be brought sufficiently close to the convex mirror 13, and the size can be reduced as compared with the conventional wide-angle camera. In addition, it is preferable that the inclination of the convex mirror 13 is continuously displaced so as to simply increase. In such a case, the distortion of the image formed in the visual field can be suppressed. Further, the portion to be displaced may be only the central portion of the convex mirror 13 or the entire portion including the peripheral portion can exhibit the same effect.
【００２０】さらに、偏向手段としての透明パイプ14に
は凸面鏡13の傾斜角の変位に応じた肉厚を有するテーパ
を設けてあるため、反射視線７の偏向角度は凸面鏡13の
周辺部分から中央部分にかけてそれぞれ異なったものに
なり、偏向後の反射視線７は仮想回転放物面から反射し
たのと同じ角度に偏向される。すなわち、図１右側に示
した従来の視野の無駄を少なくした視線の角度と同等に
なって、視野範囲を無駄にすることなく、図２右側に示
した従来のカメラと同様なサイズまで小型化を図れるの
で、小型化と視野範囲の拡大という相反する目的の双方
を達成することができる。Further, since the transparent pipe 14 as the deflecting means is provided with a taper having a thickness corresponding to the displacement of the inclination angle of the convex mirror 13, the deflection angle of the reflection line of sight 7 is from the peripheral portion to the central portion of the convex mirror 13. And the line of sight 7 after deflection is deflected at the same angle as that reflected from the virtual paraboloid of revolution. That is, the angle of the line of sight is reduced to the same size as that of the conventional camera shown on the right side of FIG. 1 and the size is reduced to the same size as the conventional camera shown on the right side of FIG. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both conflicting purposes of miniaturization and expansion of the visual field range.
【００２１】図４には、広角カメラによって視野範囲の
遮られる度合を示すもので、中央より左側は本発明に係
わる広角カメラの視野範囲を、右側は従来の視野の一部
を無駄にしても小型化した広角カメラの視野範囲を示し
ている。同図からも明らかなように、従来に比してＣＣ
Ｄカメラ本体１及び撮像レンズ系２の写り込みの割合は
少なくなっている。FIG. 4 shows the degree of obstruction of the visual field range by the wide-angle camera. The left side of the center is the visual field range of the wide-angle camera according to the present invention, and the right side is a part of the conventional visual field. The field of view of the miniaturized wide-angle camera is shown. As is clear from the figure, CC
The proportion of the D camera body 1 and the image pickup lens system 2 reflected is small.
【００２２】また、本実施形態においては、凸面鏡13支
持用のパイプ状部材に対してテーパを設ける僅かな設計
変更で該凸面鏡からの反射視線の偏向機能を持たせるこ
とができるため、コスト低減が可能であるし、透明パイ
プ14のテーパの肉厚を変えて偏向する角度量を大きく設
定することで、視野範囲をさらに拡大させることができ
る。Further, in this embodiment, since the pipe-shaped member for supporting the convex mirror 13 is provided with a taper, the function of deflecting the line of sight from the convex mirror can be provided by a slight design change, so that the cost can be reduced. It is possible, and by changing the taper thickness of the transparent pipe 14 to set a large deflection angle amount, the field of view range can be further expanded.
【００２３】なお、本実施形態に使用されるＣＣＤカメ
ラ本体１は内部にＣＣＤ素子とその信号処理回路、電源
等を内蔵して、静止画像及び動画像を撮影するもので、
特に、凸面鏡13からの反射像を撮影するので左右反転回
路を有していることが好ましい。カメラとしてはＣＣＤ
カメラの他にも撮像管、銀塩写真感材上に画像記録する
るスチルカメラや、電子スチルカメラ等を使用しても良
い。The CCD camera body 1 used in this embodiment has a CCD element, a signal processing circuit for the CCD element, a power source, etc. built therein to capture a still image and a moving image.
In particular, since the reflected image from the convex mirror 13 is captured, it is preferable to have a left / right inversion circuit. CCD as a camera
In addition to the camera, an image pickup tube, a still camera for recording an image on a silver halide photographic material, an electronic still camera, or the like may be used.
【００２４】また、凸面鏡13は視野の中心線である光軸
を回転軸とする回転体としたが、非回転体を含めた種々
の形状が考えられるし、また、凸面鏡13を回転放物面に
対して傾斜角の変更を加えたものとしたが、回転放物面
に限定されるものではなく、他の曲面についても同様の
効果を得ることができる。該凸面鏡13を支持している透
明パイプ14はアクリル、ポリカーボネイト等の高透過率
透明樹脂、又は、ガラス等の材料で形成されたものであ
る。該透明パイプ14に取り付けられるキャップ15には凸
面鏡13が固定されており、このキャップ15によって透明
パイプ14内に不要光が入射し、散乱することで透明パイ
プ14が白くなることを防止している。Although the convex mirror 13 is a rotating body having the optical axis, which is the center line of the field of view, as the rotation axis, various shapes including non-rotating bodies are conceivable, and the convex mirror 13 is a paraboloid of revolution. Although the inclination angle is changed with respect to the above, the present invention is not limited to the paraboloid of revolution, and similar effects can be obtained with other curved surfaces. The transparent pipe 14 supporting the convex mirror 13 is made of a material such as a transparent resin having a high transmittance such as acrylic or polycarbonate, or glass. A convex mirror 13 is fixed to a cap 15 attached to the transparent pipe 14, and the cap 15 prevents unnecessary light from entering the transparent pipe 14 and scattering to prevent the transparent pipe 14 from becoming white. .
【００２５】次に、一体型の広角カメラに適用された第
２の実施形態について図５乃至図７を用いて説明する。
図５及び図６は、第２の実施形態における一体型の広角
カメラの概略断面図を示したもので、特に、図５は従来
と比較対照するため左側には第２の実施形態の広角カメ
ラを配し、右側には視野の無駄を少なくした従来の広角
カメラを配している。一方、図６は同じく従来と比較対
照するため左側には第２の実施形態の広角カメラを配
し、右側には視野の一部を無駄にしても小型化した従来
の広角カメラを配している。なお、従来と同じ構成、動
作のものには同一記号を付してある。Next, a second embodiment applied to an integrated wide-angle camera will be described with reference to FIGS.
5 and 6 are schematic cross-sectional views of the integrated wide-angle camera according to the second embodiment. In particular, FIG. 5 shows the wide-angle camera according to the second embodiment on the left side for comparison with the related art. And a conventional wide-angle camera with less wasted field of view on the right side. On the other hand, in FIG. 6, the wide-angle camera of the second embodiment is arranged on the left side and the conventional wide-angle camera which is downsized even if a part of the field of view is wasted is arranged on the left side for comparison and contrast with the conventional case. There is. It should be noted that components having the same configurations and operations as those of the related art are denoted by the same symbols.
【００２６】本実施形態においても、視線７の反射及び
拡散については上述実施形態と同じであり、ＣＣＤカメ
ラ本体１からの視線７は撮像レンズ系２を通って凸面鏡
32で反射され、透明体31を介して拡散するものである。
凸面鏡32の傾斜角については、周辺部分から中央部分に
向かう（回転軸に近くなる）に従って、除々に大きく変
位するように回転放物面に追加工を施しており、偏向手
段としての透明体31も凸面鏡31の傾斜角の変位に応じた
曲率で射出面33を設定してあるため、反射視線７の偏向
角度は凸面鏡31の周辺部分から中央部分にかけてそれぞ
れ異なったものになり、偏向後の反射視線７は仮想回転
放物面から反射したのと同じ角度に偏向されるようにな
っている。Also in this embodiment, the reflection and diffusion of the line of sight 7 is the same as in the above-described embodiment, and the line of sight 7 from the CCD camera body 1 passes through the image pickup lens system 2 and is a convex mirror.
It is reflected by 32 and diffuses through the transparent body 31.
Regarding the inclination angle of the convex mirror 32, additional processing is performed on the paraboloid of revolution so that the convex mirror 32 is displaced gradually from the peripheral portion toward the central portion (closer to the rotation axis). Also, since the exit surface 33 is set with a curvature according to the displacement of the inclination angle of the convex mirror 31, the deflection angle of the reflection line of sight 7 becomes different from the peripheral portion to the central portion of the convex mirror 31, and the reflection after deflection is changed. The line of sight 7 is deflected at the same angle as that reflected from the virtual paraboloid of revolution.
【００２７】従って、ＣＣＤカメラ本体１から凸面鏡31
の中央部分に入射した視線７は大きな傾斜角をもって反
射するために、反射視線７がＣＣＤカメラ本体１や撮像
レンズ系２で遮られることがなく、透明体31を充分に小
さくして、ＣＣＤカメラ本体１及び撮像レンズ系２を凸
面鏡13を充分に近づけることが可能で、従来の広角カメ
ラに比して小型化を実現できる。また、凸面鏡32につい
ては、従来の凸面鏡22から反射するのと同じような傾斜
角とし、上記射出面33によって凸面鏡32の反射視線の偏
向角を大きくするような構成としても、反射視線７が仮
想回転放物面から反射したのと同じ角度に偏向されて視
野範囲を拡大させることが可能であり、ＣＣＤカメラ本
体１及び撮像レンズ２を該凸面鏡32に接近させられ小型
化を実現できる。なお、上記凸面鏡32の傾斜は連続的に
単純増加するように変位させることが好ましく、このよ
うな場合には視野内の結像画像の歪みを抑止することが
できる。また、変位させる部位は凸面鏡32の中央部分だ
けでも良いし、周辺部分を含めた全体であっても同様な
効果を奏する。Therefore, from the CCD camera body 1 to the convex mirror 31.
Since the line-of-sight 7 incident on the central portion of the image is reflected with a large inclination angle, the reflected line-of-sight 7 is not blocked by the CCD camera body 1 or the imaging lens system 2, and the transparent body 31 is made sufficiently small to allow the CCD camera The convex mirror 13 can be brought sufficiently close to the main body 1 and the imaging lens system 2, and the size can be reduced as compared with the conventional wide-angle camera. Further, the convex mirror 32 has an inclination angle similar to that reflected from the conventional convex mirror 22, and even if the exit surface 33 increases the deflection angle of the reflective visual line of the convex mirror 32, the reflective visual line 7 is virtually The field of view can be expanded by being deflected to the same angle as that reflected from the paraboloid of revolution, and the CCD camera body 1 and the image pickup lens 2 can be brought close to the convex mirror 32 to realize miniaturization. In addition, it is preferable to displace the inclination of the convex mirror 32 so as to continuously and simply increase, and in such a case, distortion of an image formed in the visual field can be suppressed. Further, the portion to be displaced may be only the central portion of the convex mirror 32, or the entire portion including the peripheral portion can exhibit the same effect.
【００２８】そして、透明体31の射出面33から各々異な
った偏向角度で射出された反射視線７は、すなわち、図
５右側に示した従来の視野の無駄を少なくした視線の角
度と同等になって、視野範囲を無駄にすることなく、図
６右側に示した従来のカメラと同様なサイズまで小型化
を図れるので、小型化と視野範囲の拡大という相反する
目的の双方を達成することができる。The reflection line-of-sight 7 emitted from the exit surface 33 of the transparent body 31 at different deflection angles is equal to the line-of-sight angle shown in the right side of FIG. As a result, the size of the field of view can be reduced to the same size as the conventional camera shown on the right side of FIG. 6 without wasting the field of view, so that both the contradictory objectives of size reduction and expansion of the field of view can be achieved. .
【００２９】図７には、こうした追加工を施した凸面鏡
32と透明体31を実線で示し、仮想回転放物面を点線で示
している。（ここで、仮想回転放物面は、回転軸をＺ
軸、回転軸に垂直な軸をＲ軸とした円筒座標とした場合
に、Ｚ＝Ｒ2 ／（４×Ｆ）で表され、焦点は（Ｒ，Θ，
Ｚ）＝（０，０，Ｆ）である。） なお、本実施形態に使用される透明体31は、仮想回転放
物面と半球状部材を組み合わせたものとして説明した
が、他の曲面の組み合わせについても同様な効果を得る
ことができるものである。また、遮光具27は上述キャッ
プ15同様に透明体31内に不要光が入射し、散乱すること
で透明体31が白くなることを防止している。FIG. 7 shows a convex mirror that has undergone such additional processing.
32 and the transparent body 31 are shown by solid lines, and the virtual paraboloid of revolution is shown by dotted lines. (Here, the virtual rotation paraboloid has the rotation axis Z
In the case of cylindrical coordinates having an axis perpendicular to the axis and the rotation axis as the R axis, Z = R 2 / (4 × F), and the focus is (R, Θ,
Z) = (0,0, F). Note that the transparent body 31 used in this embodiment has been described as a combination of a virtual paraboloid of revolution and a hemispherical member, but similar effects can be obtained with other combinations of curved surfaces. is there. Further, like the cap 15, the light shield 27 prevents unnecessary light from entering the transparent body 31 and scattering to prevent the transparent body 31 from becoming white.
【００３０】次に、一体型の広角カメラに適用された第
３の実施形態について図８を用いて説明する。特に、従
来と比較対照するため左側には第３の実施形態の広角カ
メラを配し、右側には視野の一部を無駄にしても小型化
した従来の広角カメラを配している。従来技術に対し、
凸面鏡42は、第２実施形態の凸面鏡32と同じくし、出射
面43は視野の一部を無駄にしても小型化した場合の従来
の透明体24の凹面26と同じ構成にしたものである。Next, a third embodiment applied to an integrated wide-angle camera will be described with reference to FIG. In particular, the wide-angle camera according to the third embodiment is arranged on the left side and the conventional wide-angle camera which is downsized even if a part of the field of view is wasted is arranged on the left side for comparison with the conventional case. Compared with the conventional technology,
The convex mirror 42 is the same as the convex mirror 32 of the second embodiment, and the exit surface 43 has the same configuration as the concave surface 26 of the conventional transparent body 24 when miniaturized even if a part of the field of view is wasted.
【００３１】上述構成において、凸面鏡42の傾斜角は回
転中心に近いほど、仮想回転放物面の傾斜角より大きく
なっているため、中心部分に近くなるに従い、反射視線
７の角度も大きくなる。そして、偏向後の反射視線７の
角度は第２実施形態と同じようには偏向せず、換言すれ
ば従来の透明体24から射出するのと同じように拡散す
る。従って、視野範囲は狭くなってしまうものの、反射
視線７がＣＣＤカメラ本体１及び撮像レンズ系２で遮ら
れず、視野の無駄を排除できるとともにＣＣＤカメラ本
体１及び撮像レンズ系２を該凸面鏡42に接近させられ小
型化を実現できる。 本実施形態においても、使用され
る透明体41は、仮想回転放物面と半球状部材を組み合わ
せたものとして説明したが、他の曲面の組み合わせにつ
いても同様な効果を得ることができるものである。In the above structure, the inclination angle of the convex mirror 42 is larger than the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution as it is closer to the center of rotation, so that the angle of the reflection line of sight 7 becomes larger as it gets closer to the central portion. Then, the angle of the reflected sight line 7 after the deflection is not deflected as in the second embodiment, in other words, the angle is diffused as if it is emitted from the conventional transparent body 24. Therefore, although the visual field range is narrowed, the reflection line of sight 7 is not blocked by the CCD camera body 1 and the imaging lens system 2, and the waste of the visual field can be eliminated, and the CCD camera body 1 and the imaging lens system 2 are formed on the convex mirror 42. They can be brought close to each other and miniaturization can be realized. Also in the present embodiment, the transparent body 41 used has been described as a combination of a virtual paraboloid of revolution and a hemispherical member, but similar effects can be obtained with other combinations of curved surfaces. .
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように請求項１記載の発明
によれば、凸面鏡からの反射視線が撮像レンズ系等で遮
られず、視野の無駄を排除できるとともに撮像レンズ系
等を該凸面鏡に接近させられ小型化を実現できる。請求
項２記載の発明は、偏向手段が凸面鏡の傾斜角の変位量
に応じて反射視線の偏向角を大きくするために、撮像レ
ンズ系等を該凸面鏡に接近させられ小型化を実現でき
る。As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the reflection line of sight from the convex mirror is not blocked by the image pickup lens system or the like, the waste of the field of view can be eliminated, and the image pickup lens system or the like can be provided on the convex mirror. They can be brought close to each other and miniaturization can be realized. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the deflecting means increases the deflection angle of the reflection line of sight in accordance with the displacement amount of the tilt angle of the convex mirror, the image pickup lens system and the like can be brought close to the convex mirror, and miniaturization can be realized.
【００３３】請求項３記載の発明は、凸面鏡の少なくと
も中央部分における該凸面鏡面の傾斜角が仮想回転放物
面の傾斜角に比して大きく変位するように設定されるこ
とで、撮像レンズ系を該凸面鏡に接近させることが可能
であり、また、偏向手段によって視野範囲を拡大させる
ことが可能であり、小型化と視野範囲の拡大の双方を実
現することができる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the image pickup lens system is set by setting the inclination angle of the convex mirror surface at least at the central portion of the convex mirror so as to be largely displaced compared with the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution. Can be brought closer to the convex mirror, and the visual field range can be expanded by the deflecting means, so that both miniaturization and expansion of the visual field range can be realized.
【００３４】ここで、請求項４記載の発明のように、偏
向手段を、肉厚を変えたテーパを設けたパイプ状部材と
することで、コスト低減が可能である。また、請求項５
記載の発明のように、偏向手段を、前記凸面鏡を一体的
に設けた曲率を変えた略半球状部材としたものにも適用
できる。さらに、請求項６記載の発明によれば、凸面鏡
の中央部分における該凸面鏡面の傾斜角と仮想回転放物
面の傾斜角との変位量を、該凸面鏡の周辺部分から中央
部分に向かうに従って連続的に大きくなるように鏡面の
傾斜を変えるようにしたため、視野内の結像画像の歪み
を抑止することができる。Here, as in the invention described in claim 4, the deflecting means is a pipe-shaped member provided with a taper having a different thickness, whereby the cost can be reduced. In addition, claim 5
As in the invention described above, the deflecting means can also be applied to a substantially hemispherical member having the convex mirror integrally provided therein and having a different curvature. Further, according to the invention of claim 6, the displacement amount between the inclination angle of the convex mirror surface and the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution in the central portion of the convex mirror is continuous from the peripheral portion of the convex mirror toward the central portion. Since the inclination of the mirror surface is changed so as to become larger, the distortion of the formed image in the visual field can be suppressed.
【図１】本発明における第１の実施形態の広角カメラの
概略断面図FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a wide-angle camera according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明における第１の実施形態の広角カメラの
概略断面図FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the wide-angle camera according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明における第１の実施形態の凸面鏡を示し
た図FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a convex mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明における第１の実施形態の視野範囲の遮
られる度合を示す図FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a degree of obstruction of a visual field range according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明における第２の実施形態の一体型の広角
カメラの概略断面図FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of an integrated wide-angle camera according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明における第２の実施形態の一体型の広角
カメラの概略断面図FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of an integrated wide-angle camera according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明における第２の実施形態の凸面鏡と透明
体を示した図FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a convex mirror and a transparent body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明における第３の実施形態の広角カメラの
概略断面図FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a wide-angle camera according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】従来例における広角カメラの概略断面図FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a wide-angle camera in a conventional example.
【図10】従来例における一体型の広角カメラの概略断面
図FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an integrated wide-angle camera in a conventional example.
１ ＣＣＤカメラ本体 ２ 結像レンズ系 ７ 視線 13 凸面鏡 14 透明パイプ 15 キャップ 1 CCD camera body 2 Imaging lens system 7 Line of sight 13 Convex mirror 14 Transparent pipe 15 Cap
Claims (7)
像を撮影する広角カメラにおいて、 前記凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部分における該凸面鏡面の
法線と前記撮像レンズの光軸とのなす傾斜角を、該光軸
を中心とする所定の回転面の傾斜角に比して大きく変位
するように設定したことを特徴とする広角カメラ。1. A wide-angle camera for photographing a formed image obtained through a convex mirror and an imaging lens system, wherein a tilt angle formed by a normal line of the convex mirror surface at least at a central portion of the convex mirror and an optical axis of the imaging lens. Is set so as to be largely displaced compared with a tilt angle of a predetermined rotation surface about the optical axis.
を特徴とする請求項１記載の広角カメラ。2. The wide-angle camera according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined plane of rotation is a paraboloid of revolution.
像を撮影する広角カメラにおいて、 前記凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部分における該凸面鏡面の
法線と前記撮像レンズの光軸とのなす傾斜角の変位量に
応じて、該凸面鏡中央部分から反射した視線の偏向角を
大きくして視野範囲を広げる偏向手段を設けたことを特
徴とする広角カメラ。3. A wide-angle camera for photographing a formed image obtained through a convex mirror and an imaging lens system, wherein a tilt angle formed by a normal line of the convex mirror at least at a central portion of the convex mirror and an optical axis of the imaging lens. The wide-angle camera is characterized in that a deflection means is provided to increase the deflection angle of the line of sight reflected from the central portion of the convex mirror to widen the field of view in accordance with the displacement amount of.
像を撮影する広角カメラにおいて、 前記凸面鏡の少なくとも中央部分における該凸面鏡面の
法線と前記撮像レンズの光軸とのなす傾斜角を、該光軸
を回転軸とする仮想回転放物面の傾斜角に比して大きく
変位するように設定するとともに、該傾斜角の変位量に
応じて該凸面鏡中央部分から反射した視線の偏向角を大
きくして視野範囲を広げる偏向手段を設けたことを特徴
とする広角カメラ。4. A wide-angle camera for photographing a formed image obtained through a convex mirror and an imaging lens system, wherein a tilt angle formed by a normal line of the convex mirror surface at least at a central portion of the convex mirror and an optical axis of the imaging lens. Is set so as to be largely displaced compared to the inclination angle of a virtual paraboloid of revolution about the optical axis, and the deflection of the line of sight reflected from the central portion of the convex mirror is set in accordance with the displacement amount of the inclination angle. A wide-angle camera characterized in that it is provided with a deflecting means for enlarging the angle of view to widen the field of view.
ラ本体の周囲に配されたパイプ状部材とし、該凸面鏡の
周辺部分から中央部分にかけての反射視線を偏向するに
従って肉厚を変えるようにテーパを設けたことを特徴と
する請求項３又は請求項４記載の広角カメラ。5. The deflecting means is a pipe-shaped member arranged around the convex mirror and the wide-angle camera body, and is tapered to change the thickness as the reflection line of sight from the peripheral portion to the central portion of the convex mirror is deflected. The wide-angle camera according to claim 3, wherein the wide-angle camera is provided.
けた略半球状部材とし、該凸面鏡の周辺部分から中央部
分にかけての反射視線を偏向するに従って曲率を変えた
ことを特徴とする請求項３又は請求項４記載の広角カメ
ラ。6. The deflecting means is a substantially hemispherical member integrally provided with the convex mirror, and the curvature is changed as the reflection line of sight from the peripheral portion to the central portion of the convex mirror is deflected. The wide-angle camera according to claim 3 or 4.
の傾斜角と仮想回転放物面の傾斜角との変位量は、該凸
面鏡の周辺部分から中央部分に向かうに従って連続的に
大きくなるように鏡面の傾斜を変えることを特徴とする
請求項１、２、４のいずれかに記載の広角カメラ。7. The displacement amount between the inclination angle of the convex mirror surface and the inclination angle of the virtual paraboloid of revolution in the central portion of the convex mirror is continuously increased from the peripheral portion of the convex mirror toward the central portion. The wide-angle camera according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, wherein the inclination of the mirror surface is changed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22875295A JP3399177B2 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Wide-angle camera |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22875295A JP3399177B2 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Wide-angle camera |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0973117A true JPH0973117A (en) | 1997-03-18 |
| JP3399177B2 JP3399177B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 |
Family
ID=16881277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22875295A Expired - Lifetime JP3399177B2 (en) | 1995-09-06 | 1995-09-06 | Wide-angle camera |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3399177B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6575643B2 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2003-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Camera apparatus |
| JP2009153217A (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2009-07-09 | Panasonic Corp | Omnidirectional visual camera |
-
1995
- 1995-09-06 JP JP22875295A patent/JP3399177B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6575643B2 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2003-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Camera apparatus |
| JP2009153217A (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2009-07-09 | Panasonic Corp | Omnidirectional visual camera |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3399177B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 |
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