JPH0968539A - Rotating speed measuring device for flying sphere - Google Patents
Rotating speed measuring device for flying sphereInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0968539A JPH0968539A JP8172957A JP17295796A JPH0968539A JP H0968539 A JPH0968539 A JP H0968539A JP 8172957 A JP8172957 A JP 8172957A JP 17295796 A JP17295796 A JP 17295796A JP H0968539 A JPH0968539 A JP H0968539A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- flying
- sphere
- golf ball
- flying sphere
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
- G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
- G01P3/486—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by photo-electric detectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
- A63B2024/0028—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch
- A63B2024/0034—Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch during flight
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
- A63B2102/02—Tennis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
- A63B2102/32—Golf
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/30—Speed
- A63B2220/34—Angular speed
- A63B2220/35—Spin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/805—Optical or opto-electronic sensors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/806—Video cameras
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/74—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with powered illuminating means, e.g. lights
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B43/00—Balls with special arrangements
- A63B43/06—Balls with special arrangements with illuminating devices ; with reflective surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はゴルフボールやテニ
スボールなどの飛行球体の回転数測定装置に関し、さら
に詳しく言えば、打ち出された飛行球体が空間に舞って
いるときの回転数(スピン量)を計測できる飛行球体の
回転数測定装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for measuring the number of revolutions of a flying sphere such as a golf ball or a tennis ball, and more specifically, a number of revolutions (spin amount) when a launched flying sphere is flying in space. The present invention relates to a device for measuring the number of revolutions of a flying sphere capable of measuring
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】回転体の回転数を非接触で計測するに
は、おおよそのところその回転体に特定の光反射マーク
を付し、所定時間内におけるその光反射マークの移動量
を光学的に読み取るようにしている。2. Description of the Related Art In order to measure the rotational speed of a rotating body in a non-contact manner, a specific light reflecting mark is attached to the rotating body, and the amount of movement of the light reflecting mark within a predetermined time is optically measured. I try to read it.
【0003】ゴルフボールについても原理的には同じで
あって、例えば特公昭60−21349号公報において
は、ゴルフボールの表面2箇所に同ボール中心に対して
所定角度θ°であるように反射マークを貼り付けるとと
もに、このゴルフボールが打撃されて飛んで行く時のゴ
ルフボール通過面に対して投光部と受光部とを配置し、
その投光部より出た光が反射マークに当たって反射した
反射光を受光部にて受光して、上記2個の反射マークよ
り得られる2つの電気信号の時間間隔tから、そのゴル
フボールのスピン量SをS=60×θ/t×360r.
p.mの式から求めるようにしている(従来例1)。The principle is the same for golf balls. For example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-21349, reflection marks are provided at two points on the surface of the golf ball so that a predetermined angle .theta. While sticking, arrange the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion with respect to the golf ball passing surface when this golf ball is hit and flies,
The light emitted from the light projecting portion hits the reflective mark and is reflected by the light receiving portion, and the spin amount of the golf ball is calculated from the time interval t between the two electric signals obtained from the two reflective marks. S to S = 60 × θ / t × 360r.
p. It is determined from the formula of m (conventional example 1).
【0004】この従来例1に類する方法としては、他に
も特公昭60−22302号(従来例2)や特公昭60
−22303号(従来例3)等がある。また、原理は同
じであるが、写真撮影やビデオカメラを用いて飛行球体
の回転数を測定することも知られている。すなわち、飛
行中の飛行球体の映像を所定の時間間隔を置いて複数枚
とり、その飛行球体上の特定位置に付されているマーク
の移動量から演算により回転数を割り出すようにしてい
る(従来例4)。Other methods similar to the conventional example 1 include Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-22302 (conventional example 2) and Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60.
No. 22303 (conventional example 3) and the like. Although the principle is the same, it is also known to measure the number of revolutions of a flying sphere by taking a picture or using a video camera. That is, a plurality of images of a flying sphere in flight are taken at predetermined time intervals, and the number of rotations is calculated by calculation from the moving amount of a mark attached to a specific position on the flying sphere (conventional). Example 4).
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来例
1ないし従来例3の場合、投光部の投光面および受光部
の受光面はともに光ファイバの束よりなり、その照射面
積および照射光量に限界があるため、飛行球体(例え
ば、ゴルフボール)の有効検出範囲はたかだか縦500
mm、横15mm、高さ数10cm程度しかない。However, in the case of the conventional examples 1 to 3, both the light projecting surface of the light projecting portion and the light receiving surface of the light receiving portion are made of a bundle of optical fibers, and the irradiation area and the irradiation light amount are different. Since there is a limit, the effective detection range of a flying sphere (eg, golf ball) is at most 500 vertical.
mm, width 15 mm, height only about 10 cm.
【0006】したがって、ショット直後の比較的ブレが
少なく、未だ低い位置にあるボールについては計測可能
であるが、それ以後の高く打ち出され、しかも球筋が一
定しないボールについてはその回転数を測定することが
できない。Therefore, it is possible to measure a ball which is relatively low in shake immediately after the shot and is still in a low position, but to measure the rotation speed of a ball which is hit high after that and the ball streak is not constant. I can't.
【0007】一方、従来例4のように写真撮影やビデオ
カメラで静止画を得るにしても、ボールの回転が高速で
あったり、その移動速度が高速の場合には、画像を取り
込む時間が長いと、その画像が潰れてしまうため、高速
シャッタやマイクロフラッシュなどの発光時間が短い発
光装置が別途に必要となり、全体的に装置が複雑なもの
となってしまうという欠点がある。On the other hand, even if a still image is taken with a photo camera or a video camera as in the conventional example 4, if the ball rotates at a high speed or its moving speed is high, the time for capturing an image is long. Then, since the image is crushed, a separate light emitting device such as a high-speed shutter and a microflash which has a short light emitting time is required, and there is a drawback that the device becomes complicated as a whole.
【0008】また、静止画を画像入力装置でコンピュー
タに取り込み、そのモニタ上でカーソルを合わせて移動
量を読み取る方法、また、計測を自動化する目的で画像
を2値化処理して、コンピュータに球体上の特定位置に
あるマークを認識させる方法も知られているが、いずれ
にしてもそのプログラムが複雑になるとともに、データ
処理に時間がかかるという問題がある。Further, a method of taking a still image into a computer with an image input device, reading a moving amount by aligning a cursor on the monitor, and binarizing the image for the purpose of automating the measurement, the computer displays a sphere. A method of recognizing the mark at the above specific position is also known, but in any case, there are problems that the program becomes complicated and data processing takes time.
【0009】さらに、移動量の測定精度を高めるには、
ボールを画像内に大きく捕らえる必要があるが、このよ
うにすると測定対象領域が縮小されてしまい、従来例1
ないし従来例3の場合と同様に、高く打ち出されて空中
に舞っている例えば最高点付近のボールについてはその
回転数を計測することは困難であった。Further, in order to improve the accuracy of measuring the movement amount,
It is necessary to capture the ball largely in the image, but if this is done, the measurement target area will be reduced, and the conventional example 1
As in the case of Conventional Example 3, it was difficult to measure the rotational speed of a ball that was hit high and was flying in the air, for example, near the highest point.
【0010】また、テニスにおけるテニスボールのスピ
ン量に至っては、ゴルフ以上にボールの軌跡が一定しな
いため、そのスピン計測はさらに困難であった。Further, regarding the amount of spin of a tennis ball in tennis, it is more difficult to measure the spin because the trajectory of the ball is more constant than that of golf.
【0011】本発明は、このような従来の事情にかんが
みなされたもので、その目的は、フィールド上の所定範
囲の空間を計測対象領域とし、例えば高く打ち上げられ
た飛行球体の回転数を計測し得るようにした比較的構成
が簡単な飛行球体の回転数測定装置を提供することにあ
る。The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and an object thereof is to measure a rotation speed of a flying sphere, which is a highly launched flight sphere, by setting a space of a predetermined range on a field as a measurement target area. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotation speed measuring device for a flying sphere having a relatively simple structure.
【0012】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、飛行球体の表面の一部分にその地肌面と
は光反射率が異なるマークを付し、その反射光量を検出
することにより上記飛行球体の回転数を測定する飛行球
体の回転数測定装置であって、打球位置から打ち出され
た以後の上記飛行球体の予想される飛行経路を含む空間
の計測対象領域に向けて光を照射する投光部と、上記計
測対象領域中を飛行している上記飛行球体からの反射光
を受光し、かつ、その反射光量の変動に応じた信号を出
力する受光部と、同受光部からの出力信号に基づいて上
記飛行球体の回転数を検出する回転数検出手段とを備え
ていることを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a part of the surface of a flying sphere with a mark having a light reflectance different from that of the ground surface, and detecting the amount of reflected light. A flying sphere rotation number measuring device for measuring the number of revolutions of the flying sphere, irradiating light toward a measurement target region of a space including an expected flight path of the flying sphere after being launched from a hitting position. And a light receiving unit that receives the reflected light from the flying sphere flying in the measurement target region, and outputs a signal according to the variation of the reflected light amount, and from the light receiving unit. It is characterized by further comprising: a rotation speed detecting means for detecting the rotation speed of the flying sphere based on the output signal.
【0013】この場合、上記受光部には光センサーとし
て、フォトダイオードやフォトトランジスタもしくは光
電管などが用いられるが、計測領域を暗くしたり、夜間
計測を行なう場合には、きわめて高感度で低ノイズの光
電子増倍管を用いることが好ましい。また、上記投光部
はそれ自体光量変化のないDCライトであることが好ま
しい。In this case, a photodiode, a phototransistor, a photoelectric tube, or the like is used as an optical sensor in the light receiving section, but when the measurement area is darkened or nighttime measurement is performed, it is extremely sensitive and has low noise. It is preferable to use a photomultiplier tube. Further, it is preferable that the light projecting unit is a DC light which does not change its light amount.
【0014】さらに、上記計測対象領域は上記飛行球体
が少なくとも2回転して移動する範囲以上とされ、その
照度は100ルクス以上であることが好ましい。Further, it is preferable that the area to be measured is at least a range in which the flying sphere moves by rotating at least two times, and the illuminance thereof is 100 lux or more.
【0015】なお、ゴルフボールの回転数を計測する場
合について言えば、上記投光部の光軸を中心とした約直
径3.6mの円筒領域であって、かつ、同投光部の前方
5〜50m内の任意の5mの領域内の照度が100ルク
ス以上であるとよい。In the case of measuring the number of revolutions of the golf ball, a cylindrical region having a diameter of about 3.6 m centered on the optical axis of the light projecting section and located in front of the light projecting section 5 It is preferable that the illuminance within a region of 5 m within 50 m is 100 lux or more.
【0016】すなわち、通常、ゴルフボールは速度40
〜60m/s、スピン量2000〜9000rpmで飛
行し、最高速度である60m/sの場合のスピン量は少
ない場合でも約2000rpmと言われている。一方、
ゴルフボールに光反射テープを貼って回転数を計測する
場合、その反射光の光量変動は測定上、少なくとも1周
期が必要とされる。そして、ゴルフボールから1周期の
反射光の光量変動を得るためには、光反射テープの形態
に関わらずゴルフボールが1回転すればよい。これらの
ことから、最も広い計測領域を必要とする条件、すなわ
ち、最高速度(60m/s),最低スピン量(2000
rpm)で飛行するゴルフボールが1回転する間に飛行
する距離は、次式から1.8mと求められる。 60m/s×(1×60/2000)s=1.8m したがって、投光部の照射範囲は、少なくとも1.8m
の長さを有していればよい。That is, a golf ball usually has a velocity of 40.
It is said that the aircraft flies at ˜60 m / s and a spin rate of 2000 to 9000 rpm, and the spin rate at the maximum speed of 60 m / s is about 2000 rpm even if it is small. on the other hand,
When the number of rotations is measured by attaching a light reflecting tape to a golf ball, at least one cycle is required for the measurement of the variation in the amount of reflected light. Then, in order to obtain a variation in the amount of reflected light for one cycle from the golf ball, the golf ball may make one revolution regardless of the form of the light reflecting tape. From these facts, the condition that requires the widest measurement area, that is, the maximum speed (60 m / s) and the minimum spin amount (2000
The distance traveled by the golf ball flying at 1 rpm during one revolution is calculated as 1.8 m from the following equation. 60 m / s × (1 × 60/2000) s = 1.8 m Therefore, the irradiation range of the light projecting portion is at least 1.8 m.
It has only to have the length.
【0017】ところで、光変化の一方のピークが計測領
域の例えば中心付近で得られる場合、もう一方のピーク
を計測するには、計測領域が広いほどよい。すなわち、
計測領域がボール1回転あたりの移動距離の約2倍であ
れば、少なくとも反射光の光量変動が2周期得られるた
め、光量変動のピークが計測領域の任意位置で得られて
も、ボールのスピン量を高い精度で計測できることにな
る。したがって、次式に基づいて投光部の照射範囲を約
半径1.8m、直径にして約3.6mにすると、任意の
通常のクラブで打ち出されたボールのスピン量を確実に
計測できる。 60m/s×(2×60/2000)s=3.6mBy the way, when one peak of the light change is obtained near the center of the measurement area, for example, the wider the measurement area, the better for measuring the other peak. That is,
If the measurement area is about twice the moving distance per one rotation of the ball, at least two cycles of the light quantity fluctuation of the reflected light can be obtained. Therefore, even if the peak of the light quantity fluctuation is obtained at any position in the measurement area, the spin of the ball The amount can be measured with high accuracy. Therefore, if the irradiation range of the light projecting portion is set to have a radius of about 1.8 m and a diameter of about 3.6 m based on the following equation, the spin amount of a ball hit by any ordinary club can be reliably measured. 60m / s × (2 × 60/2000) s = 3.6m
【0018】例えば、投光部を飛行球体(例えば、ゴル
フボール)の飛来が予想される飛行エリアの下部に配置
し、その上方空間、すなわち空に向けて同投光部から光
を照射する。この場合、バックグラウンド(屋外の場合
は空)の明暗は少なくとも秒、分単位では急変せず比較
的安定しているため、ゴルフボールが飛来しない場合、
その受光部から出力される検出信号は、そのレベルの高
低は別としてほぼ一定と見なしてよいレベルに安定して
いる。For example, the light projecting portion is arranged below a flight area where a flying sphere (eg, a golf ball) is expected to fly, and light is emitted from the light projecting portion toward the space above it, that is, the sky. In this case, the brightness of the background (sky when outdoors) does not change suddenly in seconds or minutes and is relatively stable, so if the golf ball does not fly,
The detection signal output from the light receiving unit is stable at a level that can be regarded as substantially constant, apart from the level of the level.
【0019】この状態で、上記マークが付されたゴルフ
ボールが飛来すると、その回転数に応じて受光部の受光
量(受光レベル)が変化する。その際の変化速度はバッ
クグラウンドの変化に対して比較にならない程高速で、
かつ、大きいため、その変化量を抽出することにより、
ゴルフボールの回転数が求められる。In this state, when a golf ball with the above mark comes in, the amount of light received by the light receiving portion (light receiving level) changes according to the number of rotations of the golf ball. The rate of change at that time is so high that it cannot be compared with the background change,
And because it is large, by extracting the amount of change,
The number of revolutions of the golf ball is calculated.
【0020】要するに、バックグラウンドが明暗しても
その光量変化の周期と、ゴルフボールが飛来した際の光
量変化の周期とが一致していなければ、ゴルフボールの
回転数を計測することが可能となる。したがって、投光
器としては光量変動を含まないDCライトを使用すると
よい。In short, even if the background is bright and dark, if the cycle of the light quantity change does not match the cycle of the light quantity change when the golf ball flies, it is possible to measure the rotation speed of the golf ball. Become. Therefore, it is preferable to use a DC light that does not include fluctuations in light quantity as the light projector.
【0021】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照しながら本発明
の実施例を説明する。図1にはこの測定装置により、飛
行中のゴルフボールBの回転数(スピン量)を測定する
状態の模式図が示されている。この場合、ゴルフボール
Bの表面の一部分にその地肌面とは光反射率が異なるマ
ークMが付されるのであるが、この実施例では、ゴルフ
ボールBの1/2面、すなわちその半球面を覆うように
例えば黒色塗装からなるマークMが付けられている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a state in which the rotational speed (spin amount) of the golf ball B in flight is measured by this measuring device. In this case, a mark M having a light reflectance different from that of the ground surface is attached to a part of the surface of the golf ball B. In this embodiment, the ½ surface of the golf ball B, that is, the hemispherical surface A mark M made of, for example, black coating is attached so as to cover it.
【0022】この測定装置は、打球位置から打ち出され
た以後のゴルフボールBの予想される飛行経路を含む空
間である計測対象領域Aに向けて例えばその真下方向か
ら光を照射する投光部10と、その計測対象領域A中を
飛行しているゴルフボールBから反射された散乱光を受
光するため例えば光軸を垂直方向に向けた受光部20
と、同受光部20からその受光量に応じて出力される出
力信号に基づいてゴルフボールBの回転数を検出する回
転数検出手段30と、投光部10に電力を供給するDC
定電圧電源12および受光部20に電力を供給する高圧
電源回路40とを備えている。The measuring device of this measuring apparatus 10 irradiates light to the measurement target area A, which is a space including the expected flight path of the golf ball B after being hit from the hit position, for example, from directly below. In order to receive the scattered light reflected from the golf ball B flying in the measurement target area A, for example, the light receiving section 20 with its optical axis oriented in the vertical direction.
A rotation speed detecting means 30 for detecting the rotation speed of the golf ball B based on an output signal output from the light receiving portion 20 according to the amount of received light, and a DC for supplying electric power to the light projecting portion 10.
A high voltage power supply circuit 40 for supplying electric power to the constant voltage power supply 12 and the light receiving unit 20 is provided.
【0023】この実施例において、投光部10にはそれ
自体の光量変化がゴルフボールBの回転による光量変化
の計測に支障を来さないようにするため、光量変化がな
いDCライトが用いられている。具体的には、16個の
85Wの自動車用ハロゲンランプ11と、それに必要と
される電力を供給するためのDC0〜12V可変のDC
定電圧電源12とから構成されている。なお、各ハロゲ
ンランプ11は計測対象領域A内の照度がほぼ均一とな
るように、その各光軸の向きが設定され配置されてい
る。In this embodiment, a DC light having no light quantity change is used for the light projecting portion 10 so that the light quantity change of itself does not hinder the measurement of the light quantity change due to the rotation of the golf ball B. ing. Specifically, 16 85W automotive halogen lamps 11 and DC 0-12V variable DC for supplying the electric power required for them.
It is composed of a constant voltage power supply 12. The halogen lamps 11 are arranged such that their optical axes are oriented so that the illuminance in the measurement target area A is substantially uniform.
【0024】これに対して、受光部20は、例えば直径
100mmで、焦点距離75mmの集光レンズと、光電
子増倍管とから構成されている。この光電子増倍管とし
ては、例えば浜松ホトニクス社製R2228(商品名)
などがある。On the other hand, the light receiving section 20 is composed of, for example, a condenser lens having a diameter of 100 mm and a focal length of 75 mm, and a photomultiplier tube. As this photomultiplier tube, for example, R2228 (trade name) manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics KK
and so on.
【0025】ここで光電子増倍管を用いたのは、バック
グラウンドに存在する光量に対して、ゴルフボールBか
らの反射光量変動分を大きくとる目的で夜間での計測を
行なう際、フォトダイオードやフォトトランジスタ、光
電管などを用い増幅器で信号増幅するよりも高いS/N
比が得られるからである。The photomultiplier tube is used here because a photodiode or a photomultiplier tube is used for nighttime measurement in order to obtain a large fluctuation amount of the reflected light amount from the golf ball B with respect to the light amount existing in the background. Higher S / N than signal amplification by amplifier using phototransistor, phototube, etc.
This is because the ratio can be obtained.
【0026】回転数検出手段30は、受光部20の光電
子増倍管から光量変化に応じて出力される出力電流を電
圧信号に変換する電流−電圧変換回路31と、そのアナ
ログ電圧信号をデジタル信号に変換するA/D変換回路
32と、そのデジタル信号から電圧変動の周期T(se
c)を計算し、この周期Tのデータから60(sec)
/T(sec)なる演算により、ゴルフボールBのスピ
ン量Sを求めるデジタル演算回路33と、そのスピン量
Sを表示する表示部34とを備えている。なお、電圧変
動の周期Tは、電圧変動の極大を認識する演算と、その
極大間の時間を計算する演算とにより求められる。The rotation speed detecting means 30 converts the output current output from the photomultiplier tube of the light receiving section 20 according to the change in light quantity into a voltage signal, and a current-voltage conversion circuit 31 that converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal. A / D conversion circuit 32 for converting into
c) is calculated, and 60 (sec) is calculated from the data of this cycle T.
A digital calculation circuit 33 for obtaining the spin amount S of the golf ball B by the calculation of / T (sec) and a display unit 34 for displaying the spin amount S are provided. The period T of voltage fluctuation is obtained by a calculation for recognizing the maximum of the voltage fluctuation and a calculation for calculating the time between the maximums.
【0027】なお、この実施例においては、A/D変換
回路32、デジタル演算回路33および表示部34はパ
ーソナルコンピュータを利用して実現しており、電圧変
動の波形をCRT上に表示し、観察できるようにしてい
る。また、この実施例ではバックグラウンドに存在する
光量の変動が小さい場合を想定して、変動信号の極大間
の時間から周期Tを求めるようにしているが、バックグ
ラウンドに存在する光量自体が大きく変動している場合
には、フィルター回路を設けることにより、不用な変動
成分を除去すればよい。さらに、所望の光量変動の波形
を充分長く得られるように投光部10を適宜設計し、そ
の信号を高速フーリエ変換(FFT)することにより、
その周波数成分からゴルフボールBの反射光量の変動周
期を求めるようにすることも可能である。In this embodiment, the A / D conversion circuit 32, the digital operation circuit 33 and the display unit 34 are realized by using a personal computer, and the waveform of the voltage fluctuation is displayed on the CRT for observation. I am able to do it. Further, in this embodiment, the period T is calculated from the time between the maximums of the fluctuation signals on the assumption that the fluctuation of the light amount existing in the background is small, but the light amount itself existing in the background largely fluctuates. If so, unnecessary fluctuation components may be removed by providing a filter circuit. Further, by appropriately designing the light projecting unit 10 so as to obtain a desired waveform of the fluctuation of the light quantity, and subjecting the signal to fast Fourier transform (FFT),
It is also possible to obtain the fluctuation cycle of the reflected light amount of the golf ball B from the frequency component.
【0028】さらに、上記実施例ではゴルフボールBの
光反射率を変えるため、その半球面に黒色塗装よりなる
マークMを付しているが、部分的な反射率の変え方はこ
の実施例に限定されるものではない。例えば、塗り分け
を4等分、すなわちゴルフボールBの表面を4等分し、
その対向する2つの分割面に光反射マークMを付けても
よく、また、その色としても黒色に限定されるものでは
ない。Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a mark M made of black coating is attached to the hemispherical surface of the golf ball B in order to change the light reflectance thereof. It is not limited. For example, the coating is divided into four equal parts, that is, the surface of the golf ball B is divided into four equal parts,
The light reflection mark M may be provided on the two opposing division surfaces, and the color is not limited to black.
【0029】要は、ゴルフボールBの回転に応じて反射
光量が変化すればよく、その反射光量の変化からボール
の回転数が求められる方法であれば特に限定されるもの
ではない。例えば、塗り分けを4等分した場合には、2
等分した場合に比べてボールの回転数に対する光量変化
の周期が1/2になるため、特にバックグラウンドや投
光自体に光量変化がある場合、その光量変化の周期とボ
ールの回転による反射光の光量変化の周期とを異ならせ
ることにより、より分離が容易となる場合がある。The point is that the amount of reflected light changes as the golf ball B rotates, and there is no particular limitation as long as the number of rotations of the ball can be obtained from the change in the amount of reflected light. For example, if the paint is divided into 4 equal parts, 2
Compared to the case of equal division, the cycle of light quantity change with respect to the number of revolutions of the ball becomes 1/2, so especially when there is a light quantity change in the background or the projection itself, the cycle of light quantity change and the reflected light due to ball rotation. Separation may be facilitated by making the light intensity change cycle different from the above.
【0030】また、上記実施例は特にゴルフボールBの
バックスピンを計測するため、計測対象領域Aの真下に
投光部10と受光部20とを配置しているが、投光部1
0および受光部20の各光軸の向きはこれに限定される
ものではなく、計測するスピンの回転軸の方向や計測場
所の背景からの反射光などを考慮して適宜設定すること
ができる。In addition, in the above embodiment, the light projecting section 10 and the light receiving section 20 are arranged directly below the measurement target area A in order to measure the backspin of the golf ball B.
The directions of the optical axes of 0 and the light receiving unit 20 are not limited to this, and can be appropriately set in consideration of the direction of the rotation axis of the spin to be measured, reflected light from the background of the measurement location, and the like.
【0031】次に、疑似的に上記ゴルフボールBが空中
で回転している状態を作り出し、この回転数測定装置に
てそのスピン量(回転数)を測定したので、それを図2
に基づいて説明する。なお、同図(a)はそのテスト風
景の模式的側面図であり、同図(b)はその模式的平面
図である。Next, a state in which the golf ball B is rotating in the air is artificially created, and the spin amount (rotation number) is measured by this rotation number measuring device.
It will be described based on. It should be noted that FIG. 7A is a schematic side view of the test scene, and FIG. 8B is a schematic plan view thereof.
【0032】まず、回転速度が可変のモータ50の回転
軸に上記のように半面が黒色とされたゴルフボールBを
取り付け、同ゴルフボールBを地上から850mmの位
置に設置するとともに、受光部20をゴルフボールBか
ら30m離れた位置において、その受光光軸がゴルフボ
ールBの回転中心をとおり、かつ、水平となるように設
置した。First, the golf ball B having a black half surface as described above is attached to the rotation shaft of the motor 50 whose rotation speed is variable, the golf ball B is set at a position 850 mm from the ground, and the light receiving portion 20 is also provided. Was placed at a position 30 m away from the golf ball B such that the light-receiving optical axis of the golf ball passed the center of rotation of the golf ball B and was horizontal.
【0033】このテストでは、上記のように受光部20
の受光光軸を水平方向としているために、投光部10を
その受光部20の近傍に配置すると、地面からの反射光
がノイズとなって現れるおそれがあるため、ゴルフボー
ルBのみを投光するように、その光源に乾電池式のペン
ライトを用い、同ゴルフボールBに対して斜め下方位置
から投光した。In this test, as described above, the light receiving section 20
When the light projecting portion 10 is arranged in the vicinity of the light receiving portion 20 because the light receiving optical axis of the golf ball is horizontal, only the golf ball B is projected because the light reflected from the ground may appear as noise. As described above, a dry battery type penlight was used as the light source, and the golf ball B was projected from an obliquely lower position.
【0034】なお、このテストはバックグラウンドに存
在する光量に対してゴルフボールBからの光量変動を大
きくとるために夜間に行ない、照度計51にてゴルフボ
ールB近傍の照度を測定するとともに、同ゴルフボール
Bが計測領域を飛行しながら回転する現実の場合を想定
して、図2(b)に示されているように、ゴルフボール
Bの位置を受光部20の受光光軸上にある(中)位置
と、同受光光軸から左右方向にそれぞれ2.5m移動さ
せた(右)位置および(左)位置の各位置において計測
した。また、モータ10によるゴルフボールBの回転数
は各位置において、それぞれ2000rpm,6000
rpm,9000rpmとした。This test was conducted at night in order to obtain a large variation in the light quantity from the golf ball B with respect to the light quantity existing in the background, and the illuminance near the golf ball B was measured by the illuminometer 51. Assuming an actual case where the golf ball B rotates while flying in the measurement area, the position of the golf ball B is on the light receiving optical axis of the light receiving unit 20 as shown in FIG. 2B. The measurement was performed at the (middle) position and at each of the (right) position and the (left) position that were moved 2.5 m in the left-right direction from the light receiving optical axis. Further, the rotation speed of the golf ball B by the motor 10 is 2000 rpm and 6000 respectively at each position.
rpm and 9000 rpm.
【0035】〈テスト1〉ゴルフボールBを受光部20
の受光光軸上の(中)位置、その周囲の照度を70ルク
スとして、モータ50にて9000rpmで回転させ
た。そして、受光部20にてその反射光量を検出し、そ
の出力信号を回転数検出手段30に取り込み、波形観察
して変動周期を読み取ろうとしたが、波形不良で計測で
きなかった。<Test 1> The golf ball B receives the light receiving portion 20.
The motor 50 was rotated at 9000 rpm, with the illuminance around the (middle) position on the light receiving optical axis of No. 2 as 70 lux. Then, the amount of reflected light was detected by the light receiving unit 20, the output signal thereof was taken into the rotation speed detecting means 30, and the fluctuation period was tried to be observed by observing the waveform, but the waveform could not be measured.
【0036】〈テスト2〉ゴルフボールBの周囲の照度
を100ルクスに上げ、それ以外はテスト1と同じ条件
としたところ、周期0.0067secの波形が観測さ
れた。したがって、この場合の計測値は実際の回転数よ
り若干低い8960rpmであった。<Test 2> When the illuminance around the golf ball B was raised to 100 lux and the other conditions were the same as in Test 1, a waveform with a period of 0.0067 sec was observed. Therefore, the measured value in this case was 8960 rpm, which was slightly lower than the actual rotational speed.
【0037】〈テスト3〉ゴルフボールBの周囲の照度
を100ルクスとし、モータ50により6000rpm
で回転させ、それ以外はテスト1と同じ条件で計測した
ところ、周期0.010secの波形が観測され、これ
により実際の回転数と同じ6000rpmが計測され
た。<Test 3> Illuminance around the golf ball B is set to 100 lux, and the motor 50 drives the motor to 6000 rpm.
When the measurement was performed under the same conditions as in Test 1 except for the above, a waveform with a cycle of 0.010 sec was observed, and 6000 rpm, which is the same as the actual rotation speed, was measured.
【0038】〈テスト4〉ゴルフボールBの周囲の照度
を100ルクスとし、モータ50により2000rpm
で回転させ、それ以外はテスト1と同じ条件で計測した
ところ、周期0.030secの波形が観測された。こ
れにより、実際の回転数と同じ2000rpmが計測さ
れた。<Test 4> Illuminance around the golf ball B is 100 lux, and the motor 50 is 2000 rpm.
When the measurement was performed under the same conditions as in Test 1 except for the above, the waveform with a period of 0.030 sec was observed. As a result, 2000 rpm, which is the same as the actual rotation speed, was measured.
【0039】〈テスト5〉ゴルフボールBを受光部20
の受光光軸から2.5m右に移動した(右)位置、その
周囲の照度を100ルクスとして、モータ50にて90
00rpmで回転させた。そして、受光部20にてその
反射光量を検出し、その出力信号を回転数検出手段30
に取り込み波形観察したところ、周期0.0067se
cの波形が観測された。したがって、この場合の計測値
は実際の回転数より若干低い8960rpmであった。<Test 5> The golf ball B is used as the light receiving portion 20.
The position moved to the right by 2.5 m from the light receiving optical axis (right), and the illuminance around it is 100 lux, and the motor 50
It was rotated at 00 rpm. Then, the light receiving section 20 detects the amount of reflected light, and outputs the output signal as the rotation speed detecting means 30.
Waveform was observed and the period was 0.0067se.
The waveform of c was observed. Therefore, the measured value in this case was 8960 rpm, which was slightly lower than the actual rotational speed.
【0040】〈テスト6〉ゴルフボールBをモータ50
にて6000rpmで回転させ、それ以外はテスト5と
同じ条件で計測したところ、周期0.010secの波
形が観測され、これにより実際の回転数と同じ6000
rpmが計測された。<Test 6> The golf ball B is driven by the motor 50.
When rotated at 6000 rpm and measured otherwise under the same conditions as in Test 5, a waveform with a cycle of 0.010 sec was observed.
The rpm was measured.
【0041】〈テスト7〉ゴルフボールBをモータ50
にて2000rpmで回転させ、それ以外はテスト5と
同じ条件で計測したところ、周期0.030secの波
形が観測され、これにより、実際の回転数と同じ200
0rpmが計測された。<Test 7> The golf ball B is driven by the motor 50.
At 2000 rpm, the measurement was performed under the same conditions as in Test 5, except that a waveform with a period of 0.030 sec was observed.
0 rpm was measured.
【0042】〈テスト8〉ゴルフボールBを受光部20
の受光光軸から2.5m左に移動した(左)位置、その
周囲の照度を100ルクスとして、モータ50にて20
00rpmで回転させた。そして、受光部20にてその
反射光量を検出し、その出力信号を回転数検出手段30
に取り込み波形観察したところ、周期0.030sec
の波形が観測され、これにより実際の回転数と同じ20
00rpmが計測された。<Test 8> The golf ball B receives the light-receiving portion 20.
The position moved to the left by 2.5 m from the light receiving optical axis (left), and the illuminance around it is 100 lux, and the motor 50
It was rotated at 00 rpm. Then, the light receiving section 20 detects the amount of reflected light, and outputs the output signal as the rotation speed detecting means 30.
Waveform observation, the period was 0.030 sec
Waveform is observed, which means that it is the same as the actual rotation speed.
00 rpm was measured.
【0043】〈テスト9〉ゴルフボールBをモータ50
にて6000rpmで回転させ、それ以外はテスト8と
同じ条件で計測したところ、周期0.010secの波
形が観測され、これにより実際の回転数と同じ6000
rpmが計測された。<Test 9> The golf ball B is driven by the motor 50.
When rotated at 6000 rpm and measured under the same conditions as in Test 8 except for that, a waveform with a cycle of 0.010 sec was observed.
The rpm was measured.
【0044】〈テスト10〉ゴルフボールBをモータ5
0にて9000rpmで回転させ、それ以外はテスト8
と同じ条件で計測したところ、周期0.0067sec
の波形が観測された。したがって、この場合の計測値は
実際の回転数より若干低い8960rpmであった。<Test 10> The golf ball B is moved to the motor 5
Rotate at 9000 rpm at 0, otherwise test 8
When measured under the same conditions as above, the cycle is 0.0067 sec
The waveform of was observed. Therefore, the measured value in this case was 8960 rpm, which was slightly lower than the actual rotational speed.
【0045】これらのテストの結果、ボール(飛行球
体)の近傍の照度が少なくとも100ルクスあれば、ボ
ールが受光部の受光軸からずれていても安定して、受光
部からそのスピン量(回転数)に応じた出力信号が得ら
れることが分かった。参考までに、上記テスト1〜10
の測定結果を次表に示す。As a result of these tests, if the illuminance in the vicinity of the ball (flying sphere) is at least 100 lux, the amount of spin (rotation speed) from the light receiving unit is stable even if the ball deviates from the light receiving axis of the light receiving unit. ) Was obtained. For reference, the above tests 1-10
The measurement results of are shown in the following table.
【0046】[0046]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0047】次に、実際にゴルフボールBを空中に打ち
出し、その飛行軌道の最高点近傍におけるスピン量を計
測したテスト11について説明する。 〈テスト11〉ゴルフボールには、4等分した球面のう
ち、対向する2つの分割面の光反射率が地肌面の光反射
率と異なるように、2つの分割面に黒色塗装を施した。
したがって、このゴルフボールは、1回転すると反射光
の光量変動が2周期得られることになる。そして、この
ゴルフボールをスイングロボットに取り付けられたゴル
フクラブのドライバにより、初速約60m/s,打ち出
し角度約11度,初期スピン量約3300rpmで空中
に打ち出した。Next, the test 11 in which the golf ball B is actually hit in the air and the spin amount in the vicinity of the highest point of the flight trajectory is measured will be described. <Test 11> The golf ball was black-coated on two divided surfaces of the sphere divided into four equal parts so that the opposed two divided surfaces had different light reflectances from the bare surface.
Therefore, when this golf ball makes one rotation, the light amount fluctuation of the reflected light can be obtained for two cycles. Then, this golf ball was shot into the air by a driver of a golf club attached to a swing robot at an initial speed of about 60 m / s, a launch angle of about 11 degrees, and an initial spin amount of about 3300 rpm.
【0048】一方、投光部10は、打ち出し位置から前
方140m位置におけるゴルフボールのスピン量を計測
できるように設置した。なお、この位置におけるゴルフ
ボールの飛行高さは、約30mであった。この投光部1
0として、85Wの自動車用ハロゲンランプを300m
m間隔で8個並べた列を300mm間隔で並行に2列設
け(合計16個)、各ランプの光軸を鉛直に調整すると
ともに、DC定電圧電源により各ランプに12Vを印加
した。On the other hand, the light projecting unit 10 was installed so that the spin amount of the golf ball at the position 140 m forward from the launch position could be measured. The flight height of the golf ball at this position was about 30 m. This light emitting section 1
0, a halogen lamp for automobiles of 85W is 300m
Eight rows arranged at m intervals were provided in parallel at two intervals of 300 mm (16 rows in total), the optical axis of each lamp was adjusted vertically, and 12 V was applied to each lamp by a DC constant voltage power source.
【0049】図3にゴルフボールが反射した反射光の光
量変動を示す。この図によれば、ゴルフボールが3回転
するために要した時間は、0.05762秒であること
が判る。したがって、このときのゴルフボールのスピン
量は、次式から近似的に約3120rpmと算出でき
る。 60/(0.05762/3)=約3120rpmFIG. 3 shows fluctuations in the amount of reflected light reflected by the golf ball. According to this figure, it can be seen that the time required for the golf ball to make three revolutions is 0.05762 seconds. Therefore, the spin amount of the golf ball at this time can be approximately calculated as about 3120 rpm from the following equation. 60 / (0.05762 / 3) = about 3120 rpm
【0050】ところで、ゴルフボールが計測対象領域を
通過する速度が60m/sであるとすると、ゴルフボー
ルが3回転する間に移動する距離は次式から近似的に約
3.6mと算出できる。 0.05762×60=約3.6m すなわち、換言すれば、計測対象領域の長さが3.6m
以上となるように、投光部10を適宜設定しておけば、
ゴルフボールが3回転したときの光量変動が得られ、こ
れによりゴルフボールのスピン量を高い精度で計測でき
ることが判る。If the speed at which the golf ball passes the measurement target region is 60 m / s, the distance traveled by the golf ball during three revolutions can be calculated approximately from the following equation as approximately 3.6 m. 0.05762 × 60 = about 3.6 m That is, in other words, the length of the measurement target region is 3.6 m.
If the light projecting unit 10 is appropriately set so as to be the above,
It can be seen that the amount of light fluctuation can be obtained when the golf ball makes three revolutions, and thus the spin amount of the golf ball can be measured with high accuracy.
【0051】このような測定装置は、投光部10を構成
する16個のライトのうち、各列1つおきに合計8個の
ライトのみを点灯させても、計測可能であった。要する
に、この測定装置は、16個のライトのうち、任意数の
ライトを用いても、ゴルフボールが光軸に対して交差す
るように通過すれば、ゴルフボールのスピン量を計測で
きるものである。なお、参考までに、85Wの自動車用
ハロゲンランプ1個の30m行方での照度分布の調査結
果を図4に示す。Such a measuring device was able to measure even if only a total of 8 lights were lit every other column out of the 16 lights forming the light projecting section 10. In short, this measuring device can measure the spin amount of the golf ball even if any number of the 16 lights is used and the golf ball passes while intersecting the optical axis. . For reference, FIG. 4 shows the results of an investigation of the illuminance distribution of one 85 W automobile halogen lamp 30 m away.
【0052】[0052]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
次のような効果が奏される。すなわち、打球位置から打
ち出された以後の飛行球体(例えば、ゴルフボール)の
予想される飛行経路を含む空間の計測対象領域に向けて
光を照射する投光部と、その計測対象領域中を飛行して
いる飛行球体からの反射光を受光し、かつ、その反射光
量の変動に応じた信号を出力する受光部と、同受光部か
らの出力信号に基づいて上記飛行球体の回転数を検出す
る回転数検出手段とを備えている請求項1の発明によれ
ば、実際に空中に舞っているボールの例えばその飛行軌
跡の最高点付近での回転数を計測することができる。As described above, according to the present invention,
The following effects are obtained. That is, a light projecting unit that irradiates light toward a measurement target area in a space including an expected flight path of a flying sphere (for example, a golf ball) after being hit from a hitting position, and flying in the measurement target area. Receiving the reflected light from the flying sphere, and detecting the rotation speed of the flying sphere based on the output signal from the light receiving unit that outputs a signal according to the fluctuation of the reflected light amount. According to the invention of claim 1, which is provided with the rotation speed detecting means, it is possible to measure the rotation speed of a ball actually flying in the air, for example, near the highest point of its flight trajectory.
【0053】また、上記受光部に光電子増倍管を用いる
ようにした請求項2の発明によれば、高いS/N比が得
られるため、特に夜間計測を行なう場合に好都合であ
る。Further, according to the invention of claim 2 in which the photomultiplier tube is used for the light receiving portion, a high S / N ratio can be obtained, which is particularly convenient for nighttime measurement.
【0054】さらに、上記投光部をDCライトとした請
求項3の発明によれば、投光部からの光変動がなく、そ
の分ノイズを低減することができる。Further, according to the invention of claim 3 in which the light projecting section is a DC light, there is no light fluctuation from the light projecting section, and noise can be reduced accordingly.
【0055】そして、上記計測対象領域を上記飛行球体
が少なくとも2回転して移動する範囲以上とした請求項
4に記載の発明によれば、その飛行球体の光反射マーク
による変動周波数をより高精度に求められる。According to the invention as set forth in claim 4, the measurement target region is set to be a range in which the flying sphere moves by rotating at least two times. Required to.
【0056】一方、上記計測対象領域の照度を100ル
クス以上とした請求項5の発明によれば、たとえボール
が受光部の受光光軸から外れていても安定してボールの
回転数に応じた出力信号が得られる。On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 5 in which the illuminance of the measurement target region is 100 lux or more, even if the ball is off from the light receiving optical axis of the light receiving portion, the ball can stably respond to the rotational speed of the ball. An output signal is obtained.
【0057】上記の各発明に関連して、上記投光部の光
軸を中心とした約直径3.6mの円筒領域であって、か
つ、同投光部の前方5〜50m内の任意の5mの領域内
が100ルクス以上の照度とした請求項6の発明によれ
ば、2周期以上にわたって光量変動波形を確実に観測す
ることができ、したがって、飛行球体の回転数をより高
精度に測定することができる。In relation to each of the above inventions, it is a cylindrical region having a diameter of about 3.6 m centered on the optical axis of the light projecting part and within 5 to 50 m in front of the light projecting part. According to the invention of claim 6, the illuminance is 100 lux or more in the area of 5 m, and it is possible to reliably observe the light intensity fluctuation waveform over two cycles or more, and therefore, the rotational speed of the flying sphere can be measured with higher accuracy. can do.
【図1】本発明による回転数測定装置の一実施例を説明
するための模式図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an embodiment of a rotation speed measuring device according to the present invention.
【図2】モータによりゴルフボールを回転させ、その回
転数を本発明による回転数測定装置で計測したテスト時
の状態を模式的に示した側面図および平面図。2A and 2B are a side view and a plan view schematically showing a state at the time of a test in which a golf ball is rotated by a motor and the number of rotations thereof is measured by a rotation number measuring device according to the present invention.
【図3】テスト11におけるゴルフボールが反射した反
射光の光量変動を示すグラフ。FIG. 3 is a graph showing fluctuations in the amount of reflected light reflected by the golf ball in Test 11.
【図4】85Wの自動車用ハロゲンランプ1個の照度分
布の調査結果を示すグラフ。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of investigation of the illuminance distribution of one 85 W automotive halogen lamp.
10 投光部 12 DC定電圧回路 20 受光部 31 電流−電圧変換回路 32 A/D変換回路 33 デジタル変換回路 34 表示部(CRT) 40 高圧電源回路 10 Light Emitting Section 12 DC Constant Voltage Circuit 20 Light Receiving Section 31 Current-Voltage Conversion Circuit 32 A / D Conversion Circuit 33 Digital Conversion Circuit 34 Display Section (CRT) 40 High Voltage Power Supply Circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 宮本 芳明 兵庫県神戸市西区美賀多台1丁目3番2703 号 (72)発明者 山口 哲男 兵庫県西宮市石在町3−4 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Miyamoto 1-3270, Migatadai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture 2703 (72) Inventor Tetsuo Yamaguchi 3-4 Ishizai-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo
Claims (6)
は光反射率が異なるマークを付し、その反射光量を検出
することにより上記飛行球体の回転数を測定する飛行球
体の回転数測定装置であって、打球位置から打ち出され
た以後の上記飛行球体の予想される飛行経路を含む空間
の計測対象領域に向けて光を照射する投光部と、上記計
測対象領域中を飛行している上記飛行球体からの反射光
を受光し、かつ、その反射光量の変動に応じた信号を出
力する受光部と、同受光部からの出力信号に基づいて上
記飛行球体の回転数を検出する回転数検出手段とを備え
ていることを特徴とする飛行球体の回転数測定装置。1. A flight sphere rotation number measurement method, wherein a mark having a light reflectance different from that of the ground surface is attached to a part of the surface of the flight sphere, and the rotation number of the flight sphere is measured by detecting the amount of reflected light. A device, which emits light toward a measurement target area of a space including an expected flight path of the flying sphere after being launched from a hitting position, and flying in the measurement target area. A light receiving unit that receives the reflected light from the flying sphere and outputs a signal according to the fluctuation of the reflected light amount, and a rotation that detects the number of revolutions of the flying sphere based on the output signal from the light receiving unit. An apparatus for measuring the number of revolutions of a flying sphere, comprising: a number detecting means.
ていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の飛行球体の回
転数測定装置。2. The rotational speed measuring device for a flying sphere according to claim 1, wherein a photomultiplier tube is used for the light receiving section.
特徴とする請求項1に記載の飛行球体の回転数測定装
置。3. The device for measuring the number of revolutions of a flying sphere according to claim 1, wherein the light projecting unit is a DC light.
くとも2回転して移動する範囲以上に設定されることを
特徴とする請求項1に記載の飛行球体の回転数測定装
置。4. The rotational speed measuring device for a flying sphere according to claim 1, wherein the measurement target area is set to be equal to or more than a range in which the flying sphere moves by rotating at least two times.
以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または4に記載の
飛行球体の回転数測定装置。5. The rotational speed measuring device for a flying sphere according to claim 1, wherein the illuminance of the measurement target region is 100 lux or more.
3.6mの円筒領域であって、かつ、同投光部の前方5
〜50m内の任意の5mの領域内が100ルクス以上の
照度とされることを特徴とする請求項1、3、4または
5に記載の飛行球体の回転数測定装置。6. A cylindrical region having a diameter of about 3.6 m centered on the optical axis of the light projecting portion, and 5 in front of the light projecting portion.
The rotation speed measuring device for a flying sphere according to claim 1, 3, 4 or 5, wherein an illuminance of 100 lux or more is set in an arbitrary area of 5 m within 50 m.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17295796A JP3227384B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1996-06-12 | Flight sphere rotation speed measurement device |
GB9622562A GB2319834B (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1996-10-30 | Rotation speed measuring machine for flying globe |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7-175501 | 1995-06-19 | ||
JP17550195 | 1995-06-19 | ||
JP17295796A JP3227384B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1996-06-12 | Flight sphere rotation speed measurement device |
GB9622562A GB2319834B (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1996-10-30 | Rotation speed measuring machine for flying globe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0968539A true JPH0968539A (en) | 1997-03-11 |
JP3227384B2 JP3227384B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 |
Family
ID=27268555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP17295796A Expired - Lifetime JP3227384B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1996-06-12 | Flight sphere rotation speed measurement device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3227384B2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2319834B (en) |
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-
1996
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- 1996-10-30 GB GB9622562A patent/GB2319834B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9622562D0 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
GB2319834B (en) | 2000-10-18 |
JP3227384B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 |
GB2319834A (en) | 1998-06-03 |
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