JPH0953372A - Entrance door of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a person to escape out through a door body even when a door frame is distorted by the interlayer displacement of a building by earthquake force, and the meeting stile part with the door body is closely adhered to make the opening of the door by man power impossible. SOLUTION: In a steel door provided in an entrance of a house or office in such a manner as to be openable and closable, a door body 11 has a steel- made emergency small door 15 ordinarily forming a part of the door body 11 within the lower surface. The emergency small door 15 is housed in a reinforcing frame body 16 forming an opening part having a size allowing the pass of a human body in such a manner as to be openable and closable from one side. The emergency small door 15 is fitted to an opening part 17 within the lower surface of the door body 11 together with the reinforcing frame body 16, so that the emergency small door 15 is openable and closable from the inside.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、住宅や事務所等
の建物の出入口、特に集合住宅の玄関出入口等に設けら
れた鋼製の戸体に好適な出入口戸に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an entrance / exit door suitable for a doorway of a building such as a house or office, particularly a steel door body provided at an entrance / exit of an apartment house.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】集合住宅の玄関出入口戸の殆どは、図７
に示すように鋼製の戸体１の片側をドアヒンジ２により
戸枠３に開閉自在に支持した片開戸であり、図（Ａ）に
示す戸体１と戸枠３の召し合い部分４の隙間を少なくし
て、耐火性能や防犯性能などの機能の向上が図られてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Most of the entrance doors of apartments are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the steel door body 1 is a one-sided door in which one side is openably and closably supported by a door frame 3 by a door hinge 2, and the door body 1 and the door frame 3 shown in FIG. The gaps are reduced to improve functions such as fire resistance and crime prevention.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】このように平素から少
々の小道具を使っても破壊できない玄関出入口戸では、
一旦、戸枠３が歪んで戸体１との召し合う部分４が図
（Ｂ）に示すように接触密着すると、梃子を使用しても
開くことが困難となる。この戸枠３の歪みは滅多に生ず
るものではないが、水平に働く地震力により変形する中
高層建物の集合住宅では、大きな地震力による建物の層
間変位により生じ得ることは充分に考え得ることであ
り、先の阪神大震災においても戸の開放がスムーズに行
われず、また簡単に破壊できないために避難に難儀した
報告がなされている。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the entrance door which cannot be destroyed by using a few props,
Once the door frame 3 is distorted and the contacting portion 4 with the door body 1 comes into contact and close contact as shown in FIG. 1B, it becomes difficult to open even with a lever. Although this distortion of the door frame 3 rarely occurs, it is fully conceivable that in a housing complex of middle- and high-rise buildings, which is deformed by horizontally acting seismic force, it can be caused by interlayer displacement of the building due to a large seismic force. , Even after the Great Hanshin Earthquake, it was reported that the doors were not opened smoothly and could not be easily destroyed, making it difficult to evacuate.

【０００４】この発明は上記玄関出入口戸等の戸枠の歪
みによる戸体の開放不能の課題を解決するために考えら
れたもので、その目的は、大きな水平力により戸枠が変
形し、戸体と戸枠とが接触密着して戸体の開放が不能と
なっても、その戸体から外部に抜け出すことにより、屋
外への避難を可能とする新たな構成の建物の出入口戸を
提供することにある。The present invention was conceived in order to solve the problem that the door cannot be opened due to the distortion of the door frame such as the entrance door, and the purpose thereof is to deform the door frame by a large horizontal force and Even if the body and door frame come into contact with each other and the door cannot be opened, the door can be evacuated to the outside to provide an entrance door to the building with a new structure. Especially.

【０００５】この発明の目的は、地震力による建物の層
間変位により戸枠が歪んで戸体との召し合い部分が密着
し、人力による戸の開放が不能となっても、戸体を通し
て外に避難することができる建物の出入口戸を提供する
ことにある。An object of the present invention is to pass through the door body even if the door frame is distorted by the interlayer displacement of the building due to seismic force and the calling portion of the door body comes into close contact with the door body and the door cannot be opened manually. It is to provide a doorway for the building that can be evacuated.

【０００６】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的によるこの発明
は、住宅または事務所等の出入口に開閉自在に設けられ
た鋼製の戸であって、戸体の下部面内に常時は戸体の一
部をなす鋼製の非常用小扉を備え、その非常用小扉は人
体の通過を可能とする大きさの開口部を形成する補強枠
体に片側から開閉自在に収められており、その補強枠体
と共に非常用小扉を戸体の下部面内の開口部に嵌装し
て、該非常用小扉を内部から開閉自在になる、というも
のである。The present invention according to the above-mentioned object is a steel door which is openably and closably provided at an entrance of a house or an office, and which is normally provided in the lower surface of the door. It is equipped with a small emergency small door made of steel, and this small emergency door is openably and closably housed from one side in a reinforcing frame that forms an opening of a size that allows passage of a human body. The emergency small door is fitted into the opening in the lower surface of the door together with the reinforcing frame so that the emergency small door can be opened and closed from the inside.

【０００７】この非常用小扉及び補強枠体の形状は外圧
による変形防止の点から正方形が最も好ましいが、補強
枠体の強度によっては長方形或いは円形であってもよ
く、また収納は非常用小扉の外周面と補強枠体の内周面
とをテーパー面に形成して、片側へのみ開閉可能に構成
することが好ましい。さらにまた非常用小扉の開閉手段
としては、レバーハンドル式やボタン式など、簡単な操
作で補強枠体から非常用小扉を容易に外すことができる
構造のものがよく、それらの操作部には悪戯や破損防止
のためのカバーを施すとよい。The shape of the small emergency door and the reinforcing frame is most preferably square from the viewpoint of preventing deformation due to external pressure, but it may be rectangular or circular depending on the strength of the reinforcing frame, and the storage is small for emergency. It is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the door and the inner peripheral surface of the reinforcing frame are formed as tapered surfaces so that they can be opened and closed only on one side. Furthermore, as a means for opening and closing the small emergency door, it is preferable to use a lever handle type or button type structure that allows the small emergency door to be easily removed from the reinforcing frame by a simple operation. Should be covered with a cover to prevent mischief and damage.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明の実施の形態】図１から図６はこの発明の１実施
形態を示すもので、図中１１は集合住宅の玄関出入口の
鋼製の戸体で、片側をドアヒンジ１２により戸枠１３に
開閉自在に支持した通常の構成よりなる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which 11 is a steel door body at the entrance / exit of a housing complex, one side of which is connected to a door frame 13 by a door hinge 12. It has a normal structure that is openably and closably supported.

【０００９】１５は上記戸体１１の下部面内に設けた鋼
製の非常用小扉で、常時は戸体１１の一部を形成してい
る。この非常用小扉１５は正方形で人体の通過を可能と
する大きさに組立てた鋼材による正方形の補強枠体１６
に、開閉自在に収められており、その補強枠材１６を戸
体１１の下部面内に設けた所要大きさの開口部１７の戸
板内側に嵌合により装着して、内部から開閉自在に設け
られている。なお、図２，３に非常用小扉１５と補強枠
材１６とを全面的に記入したハッチングにより明示して
いるが、その両方は他の図に示すように中空体を通常と
するものである。Reference numeral 15 is a small emergency door made of steel provided in the lower surface of the door body 11 and always forms a part of the door body 11. This small emergency door 15 is a square reinforcing frame body 16 made of steel and assembled in a size that allows passage of a human body.
In the openable and closable manner, the reinforcing frame member 16 is fitted by being fitted inside the door plate of the opening 17 of a required size provided in the lower surface of the door body 11 so as to be openable and closable from the inside. Has been. It should be noted that although the emergency small door 15 and the reinforcing frame member 16 are clearly shown by hatching in FIGS. 2 and 3, both of them are usually hollow bodies as shown in other drawings. is there.

【００１０】上記補強枠体１６への非常用小扉１５の収
納は、嵌合によるものであって、非常用小扉１５の外周
面と補強枠体１６の内周面とをテーパー面に形成すると
ともに、片側へのみ開閉が容易にできるように、多少の
召し合い間隙を設けて行い、その間隙による嵌合のずれ
を途中に形成した段部１８の当接をもって防止してい
る。このような周縁形状から、非常用小扉１５の断面形
状は台形をなしており、表面積が小さな頂面側が内側
面、表面積が大きな底面側が外側面として取り扱われ
る。The storage of the small emergency door 15 in the reinforcing frame 16 is performed by fitting, and the outer peripheral surface of the small emergency door 15 and the inner peripheral surface of the reinforcing frame 16 are formed into tapered surfaces. In addition, a slight intervening gap is provided so that the opening and closing can be easily performed only on one side, and the fitting deviation due to the gap is prevented by the contact of the step portion 18 formed on the way. Due to such a peripheral shape, the cross-sectional shape of the small emergency door 15 is trapezoidal, and the top surface side having a small surface area is treated as an inner surface and the bottom surface side having a large surface area is treated as an outer surface.

【００１１】この非常用小扉１５の内側面内には、開閉
用の一対の操作レバー１９が、面内両側に形成した凹所
２０に回動自在に設けてある。この操作レバー１９の内
側の回動部にはラック・ピニオン或いはリンク（図は省
略）等により往復動する上下一対の係止杆２１がそれぞ
れ連設してあり、枠体１６に対してその係止杆２１をレ
バーの操作により同時に出入して、非常用小扉１５の着
脱が行えるようにしてある。Inside the inner side surface of the small emergency door 15, a pair of operating levers 19 for opening and closing are provided rotatably in recesses 20 formed on both sides in the plane. A pair of upper and lower engaging rods 21 that reciprocate by a rack and pinion, a link (not shown), or the like are continuously provided at a rotating portion inside the operation lever 19, and the engaging rods are engaged with the frame body 16. The stop rod 21 can be simultaneously moved in and out by operating a lever so that the small emergency door 15 can be attached and detached.

【００１２】このような非常用小扉１５を備えた上記戸
体１１は、上記操作レバー１９が玄関出入口の内部に位
置するように上記戸枠１３に開閉自在に取付けられ、内
部での操作レバー１９の回動操作により、係止杆２１に
よる非常用小扉１５の拘束を補強枠体１６から解除する
と、両方の嵌合がテーパー面によるため非常用小扉１５
は外側に簡単に外れるようになる。The door body 11 having such a small emergency door 15 is openably and closably attached to the door frame 13 so that the operation lever 19 is located inside the entrance / exit, and the operation lever inside. When the restraint of the small emergency door 15 by the locking rod 21 is released from the reinforcing frame 16 by the rotation operation of 19, the small emergency door 15 is fitted because the both fittings are tapered surfaces.
Will come off easily.

【００１３】したがつて、大きな水平力を受て上記戸枠
１３が歪み、予め設定して置いた戸体１１との召し合い
部分１４が接触密着しても、補強枠体１６には戸枠１３
の歪みが及ばず、またその歪みが大きく戸体１１が変形
するようなことがあってもっても、補強枠体１６まで変
形することはないので、非常用小扉１５を外して補強枠
体１６により確保された戸体面内の開口部から外部に脱
出することができる。Therefore, even if the door frame 13 is distorted by a large horizontal force and the calling portion 14 with the door body 11 placed in advance comes into contact with the door frame 11, the reinforcing frame body 16 will have the door frame. Thirteen
Even if the door body 11 is deformed so much that it is not distorted, the reinforcement frame 16 will not be deformed. Therefore, the small emergency door 15 is removed and the reinforcement frame 16 is removed. It is possible to escape to the outside from the opening in the door surface secured by.

【００１４】図に示す実施形態では、非常用小扉１５の
小面積側を内側面としているが、大面積側を内側面とし
て上記操作レバー１９を取付けてもよく、この場合に
は、非常用小扉１５は内部側に取り外されることにな
る。いずれにしても、玄関出入口を閉ざす戸体１１の下
部面内に非常用の開口部が形成されることに変わりはな
く、この開口部が非常時の建物内外を連絡する避難通路
としての役割を確実に果すことになる。In the embodiment shown in the figure, the small area side of the emergency small door 15 is the inner side surface, but the operation lever 19 may be attached with the large area side being the inner side surface. The small door 15 will be removed inside. In any case, there is no change in that an emergency opening is formed in the lower surface of the door 11 that closes the entrance and exit, and this opening serves as an evacuation passage that connects the inside and outside of the building in an emergency. It will definitely be achieved.

【００１５】[0015]

【発明の効果】この発明は上述のように建物の出入口戸
を構成し、戸体の開放不能のときには下部面内の非常用
小扉の開放により外部へ脱出することができるので、非
常時の戸体の歪みによる避難困難の課題が解決され、ま
た戸体の下部面内に非常用小扉を補強枠体に開閉自在に
収めて嵌装するだけでよいので簡単であり、出入口戸の
構成も特に変わるところがないので、既設の建物に直ち
に応用して大地震に対応し得る、という特長を有する。As described above, according to the present invention, the doorway of the building is constructed as described above, and when the door cannot be opened, it can be escaped to the outside by opening the small emergency door in the lower surface, so that it can be escaped to the outside. The problem of difficulty in evacuating due to the distortion of the door is solved, and it is simple because it is only necessary to fit the small emergency door inside the lower surface of the door into the reinforcing frame so that it can be opened and closed. However, there is no particular change, so it has the feature that it can be applied to existing buildings immediately to respond to a large earthquake.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】 この発明に係る建物の出入口戸の外部立面図
である。FIG. 1 is an external elevation view of a doorway of a building according to the present invention.

【図２】 同上の略示縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the above.

【図３】 同じく略示平断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic plan sectional view of the same.

【図４】 非常小扉と補強枠体との内側立面図である。FIG. 4 is an inside elevational view of an extremely small door and a reinforcing frame body.

【図５】 図４のＡ−Ａ線視断面図である。FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4;

【図６】 図４のＢ−Ｂ線視断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

【図７】 従来の建物の出入口戸の外部立面図で正常時
（Ａ）と非常時（Ｂ）とを示す。FIG. 7 is an external elevation view of a doorway of a conventional building showing a normal time (A) and an emergency time (B).

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１１ 戸体 １２ ドアヒンジ １３ 戸枠 １４ 召し合部分 １５ 非常用小扉 １６ 補強枠体 １７ 開口部 １８ 段部 １９ 操作レバー ２０ 凹所 ２１ 係止杆 11 Door Body 12 Door Hinge 13 Door Frame 14 Summing Part 15 Emergency Small Door 16 Reinforcement Frame Body 17 Opening 18 Step 18 Operation Lever 20 Recess 21 Locking Rod

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 住宅または事務所等の出入口に開閉自在
に設けられた鋼製の戸であって、戸体の下部面内に常時
は戸体の一部をなす鋼製の非常用小扉を備え、その非常
用小扉は人体の通過を可能とする大きさの開口部を形成
する補強枠体に片側から開閉自在に収められており、そ
の補強枠体と共に非常用小扉を戸体の下部面内の開口部
に嵌装して、該非常用小扉を内部から開閉自在に設けて
なることを特徴とする建物の出入口戸。1. An emergency small door made of steel, which is provided at a doorway of a house or an office so as to be openable and closable, and which is always a part of the door body in a lower surface of the door body. The emergency small door is housed in a reinforcing frame that forms an opening of a size that allows passage of a human body so that it can be opened and closed from one side. An entrance door of a building, characterized by being fitted in an opening in a lower surface of the building and provided with the emergency small door which can be opened and closed from the inside.